View source for River Kinder

{{Short description|River in northwestern Derbyshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox river
  | name              = River Kinder
  | image             = RiverKinder.JPG
  | image_caption     = The River Kinder above [[Kinder Reservoir]]
  | map               = River Kinder map.png
  | map_caption       = The River Kinder is highlighted in red
  | map_size          = 250px
  | source1_location  = [[Kinder Scout]]<br />SK089881 
  | source1_coordinates= {{coord|53.38950|-1.86770|format=dms}}
  | mouth_location    = [[River Sett]]<br />SK050870 
  | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|53.37990|-1.92630|format=dms|display=inline}}
  | subdivision_type1 = Country
  | subdivision_name1 = [[England]]
  | length            = {{convert|3|mi|km|1}}
  | source1_elevation = {{convert|636|m|abbr=on}}
  | mouth_elevation   ={{convert|220|m|abbr=on}}
  | discharge1_avg    = 
  | basin_size        = 
}}
The '''River Kinder''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɪ|n|d|ər}} {{respell|KIN|-der}}) is a small river, only about {{convert|3|mi|km|1}} long, in northwestern [[Derbyshire]], England. Rising on the peat moorland plateau of [[Kinder Scout]], it flows generally westwards to its confluence with the [[River Sett]] at Bowden Bridge (a Grade II listed [[packhorse bridge]]<ref name="NHLE">{{National Heritage List for England| num=1088005 |desc=Old Packhorse Bridge |grade=II |access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref>). En route it flows through the Kinder Gates rocks, over the waterfall known as Kinder Downfall, and through [[Kinder Reservoir]], built in 1903–12 by the [[Stockport]] Corporation Water Works. Formerly, until the 19th century at least, the name was also applied to the River Sett as far as its confluence with the [[River Goyt]] in [[New Mills]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-dict/england/pp394-398#h3-0022 |title=A Topographical Dictionary of England |editor-first=Samuel |editor-last=Lewis |date=1848 |pages=394–398 |quote=The Kinder derives its source from the mountain of Kinder-Scout, and, separating the county of Derby from that of Chester, falls into the river Guyt at a place called the Tor.|access-date=18 April 2018}}</ref>

==Kinder Downfall==
[[Image:Kinder Downfall in spate.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Kinder Downfall]]
'''Kinder Downfall''' is the tallest [[waterfall]] in the [[Peak District]], with a {{convert|30|m|adj=on}} fall. The waterfall was formerly known as ''Kinder Scut'', and it is from this that the plateau derives its name. Although usually little more than a trickle in summer, in spate conditions it is impressive. In certain wind conditions (notably when there is a strong west wind), the water is blown back on itself,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/it-was-so-windy-in-derbyshire-yesterday-a-waterfall-flowed-uphill-9809948.html |title=It was so windy in Derbyshire yesterday a waterfall flowed uphill |first=Christopher |last=Hooton |newspaper=The Independent |date=22 October 2014 |access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> and the resulting cloud of spray can be seen from several miles away.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stevelewis.me.uk/page11.php |title=Curiosities of Kinder Scout |first=Steve |last=Lewis |website=stevelewis.me.uk |access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> The [[Pennine Way]] crosses the River Kinder above Kinder Downfall.<ref>{{cite map |publisher=Ordnance Survey |title=OL1 Dark Peak area |scale=1:25000 |series=Explorer }}</ref> When frozen in hard winters, the waterfall is a venue for [[Ice climbing|ice-climbing]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rockfax.com/databases/results_crag.html?id=179 |title=Kinder Downfall |publisher=Rockfax |access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref> and it is also the highlight of a [[Fell running|fell race]] that bears its name.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handpickedtrails.co.uk/trails/viewtrack/10-kinder-downfall-fell-race-route/10-kinder-downfall-fell-race-route |title=Kinder Downfall fell race route |publisher=Hand Picked Trails |access-date=24 November 2017}}</ref>
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==Kinder Reservoir==
[[Image:KinderReservoir.JPG|thumb|150px|left|Kinder Reservoir from White Brow]]
{{main|Kinder Reservoir}}
[[Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council|Stockport Corporation]] took over Stockport and District Waterworks Company in 1899 and immediately started investigating potential new water supplies. James Mansergh, consulting engineer, identified a site above [[Hayfield, Derbyshire|Hayfield]]. Abram Kellett of Ealing was contracted to build a masonry dam and a [[standard-gauge railway]] to convey materials and workers to the site (though some navvies and their families lived in temporary huts built a short distance down the valley). Two farms were demolished during the construction. Work started in 1903 but geological difficulties prompted suspension of construction in 1905 and eventually a change in design to a [[dam#Earth-fill dams|clay/earth dam]]. Stockport Corporation and the original contractor (Kelletts) resorted to the courts over financial issues and the Corporation's unilateral termination of the contract. Construction eventually resumed in 1908, under the supervision of G H Hill and Sons. The opening ceremony was held on 11 July 1912.<ref>{{cite book |first1=Derek |last1=Brumhead |first2=Jean |last2=Rangeley |first3=Ken |last3=Rangeley|title=The Kinder Reservoir and Railway |publisher=New Mills Heritage Centre |date=2008 |location=New Mills, Derbyshire}}</ref> Kinder Reservoir has a capacity of approximately {{convert|2,289,000,000|L|impgal}} and a surface area of {{convert|17.83|ha}}. The adjacent filter house was decommissioned in 1996, following the opening of the new Wybersley Water Treatment Works at [[High Lane, Manchester|High Lane]], near Stockport, to which the reservoir's water is now piped for treatment.<ref>{{citation |title=Kinder Reservoir Centenary 1912–2012 |type=onsite information board |publisher=National Trust/Peak District National Park Authority/Hayfield Civic Trust/United Utilities|date=2012}}</ref>
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==See also==

*[[List of rivers in the Peak District]]
*[[List of rivers in England]]

==References==
{{commons category|River Kinder}}
{{Attached KML|display=inline,title}}
{{reflist}}

{{High Peak}}
{{Derbyshire}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kinder}}
[[Category:Rivers of Derbyshire]]
[[Category:Rivers and valleys of the Peak District]]
[[Category:Goyt catchment|2Kinder]]
[[Category:High Peak, Derbyshire]]