View source for Raymond Hunthausen

{{Short description|American prelate}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| honorific-prefix = [[Excellency|His Excellency]], [[the Most Reverend]]
| name             = Raymond Gerhardt Hunthausen
| honorific-suffix =
| archbishop_of    = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seattle|Archbishop of Seattle]]
| image            =
| caption          =
| province         =
| archdiocese      = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seattle|Seattle]]
| see              = 
| appointed        = February 25, 1975
| ended            = August 21, 1991
| predecessor      = [[Thomas Arthur Connolly]]
| successor        = [[Thomas Joseph Murphy]]
| ordination       = June 1, 1946
| ordained_by      = [[Joseph Michael Gilmore]]
| consecration     = August 30, 1962
| consecrated_by   = [[Egidio Vagnozzi]], [[Bernard Joseph Topel]], and [[William Joseph Condon]]
| previous_post    = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena|Bishop of Helena]] (1962–1975)
| birth_name       =
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1921|8|21}}
| birth_place      = [[Anaconda, Montana]], U.S.
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|2018|7|22|1921|8|21}} 
| death_place      = [[Helena, Montana]], U.S.
| buried           = [[St. James Cathedral (Seattle)|St. James Cathedral Crypt]]<br />[[Seattle, Washington]]
| education        = [[Carroll College]]<br />[[University of Notre Dame]]<br />[[St. Edward Seminary]]
| religion         =
| residence        =
| parents          =
| alma_mater       = 
| signature        =
| motto            = Thy will be done
}}
{{Infobox bishopstyles  
| name=  Raymond Gerhardt Hunthausen
| dipstyle=  
*[[Excellency|His Excellency]]
*[[The Most Reverend]]    
| offstyle=[[Your Excellency]] 
| relstyle=[[Archbishop]] 
| image = Mitre (plain).svg
| image_size = 200px
}}
{{Ordination
| date of consecration = August 30, 1962
| consecrated by       = [[Egidio Vagnozzi]]
| bishop 1             = [[William S. Skylstad]]
| consecration date 1  = May 12, 1977
| bishop 2             = [[Lawrence Welsh]]
| consecration date 2  = December 14, 1978
}}
'''Raymond Gerhardt''' "'''Dutch'''" '''Hunthausen''' (August 21, 1921 – July 22, 2018) was an [[Catholic Church in the United States|American Catholic]] prelate who served as [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena|bishop of Helena]] in Montana from 1962 to 1975 and as [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seattle|archbishop of Seattle]] in Washington State from 1975 to 1991.

== Biography ==

=== Early life and education ===
The oldest of seven children, Raymond Hunthausen was born in [[Anaconda, Montana|Anaconda]], [[Montana]], to Anthony Gerhardt and Edna Marie (née Tuchscherer) Hunthausen.<ref name=curtis>{{cite book|last=Curtis|first=Georgina Pell|title=The American Catholic Who's Who|volume=XIV|year=1961|publisher=Walter Romig|location=Grosse Pointe, Michigan}}</ref> His parents owned and operated a local grocery store.<ref name=capace>{{cite book|last=Capace|first=Nancy|title=Encyclopedia of Montana|year=2000|publisher=Somerset Publishers, Inc.}}</ref> He grew up helping with the grocery business and working in the Tuchscherer brewery.

Nicknamed "Dutch", Hunthausen received his early education from the [[Ursulines|Ursuline]] nuns at the [[parochial school]], and excelled both academically and athletically during high school.<ref name=capace/>

Hunthausen attended [[Carroll College (Montana)|Carroll College]] in [[Helena, Montana|Helena]], majoring in chemistry and graduating ''[[Latin honors|cum laude]]'' in 1943.<ref name=curtis/> He considered pursuing a career as a [[chemical engineer]] or as a fighter pilot for the [[United States Air Force]].<ref name=milestones>{{cite news|date=May 20, 2011|work=The Montana Catholic|title=Ordination Milestones|url=http://www.diocesehelena.org/news-events/mt-catholic/archives/2011/may/priest-jubilees.html|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927173027/http://www.diocesehelena.org/news-events/mt-catholic/archives/2011/may/priest-jubilees.html|archivedate=September 27, 2011}}</ref> However, he was persuaded by [[Bernard Joseph Topel|Bernard Topel]], his spiritual director and mathematics professor at Carroll who later became [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Spokane|Bishop of Spokane]], to enter the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]].<ref name=capace/><ref name=milestones/> Hunthausen began his studies at [[St. Edward Seminary]] in [[Kenmore, Washington|Kenmore]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]], in the fall of 1943.<ref name=people>{{cite news|date=December 22, 1986|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|title=Raymond Hunthausen|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20095304,00.html}}</ref>

=== Priesthood ===
Hunthausen was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] a priest by Bishop [[Joseph Michael Gilmore|Joseph Gilmore]] on June 1, 1946.<ref name=hierarchy>{{Catholic-hierarchy|bishop|bhunth|Archbishop Raymond Gerhardt Hunthausen|January 21, 2015}}{{Self-published source|date=March 2015}}</ref> He returned to Carroll College, where he served as a [[professor]] of chemistry (1946–57) and a football and basketball coach (1953–57).<ref name=curtis/> In 1953 he earned a [[master's degree]] in chemistry from the [[University of Notre Dame]].<ref name=capace/> Hunthausen served as president of Carroll College from 1957 to 1962. He was named a [[Monsignor|domestic prelate]] in 1958.<ref name=curtis/>

=== Bishop of Helena ===
On July 8, 1962, Hunthausen was appointed the sixth [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena|Bishop of Helena]] by [[Pope John XXIII]].<ref name=hierarchy/> He received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal]] [[consecration]] on the following August 30 from Archbishop [[Egidio Vagnozzi]], with Bishops Bernard Topel and [[William Joseph Condon|William Condon]] serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]].<ref name=hierarchy/> As Bishop of Helena, Hunthausen was a council father at all four sessions of the [[Second Vatican Council]]. He was the newest and youngest American bishop at the start of the council.

Starting in 1976, Hunthausen worked with [[Call to Action]] and sought to implement their program. His tenure as Bishop of Helena was marked by increased lay involvement in church matters, the establishment of a mission in [[Guatemala]], the closure of several Catholic elementary and high schools, and the strengthening of [[religious education]] programs.

===Archbishop of Seattle===
Hunthausen was appointed [[Archbishop]] of [[Seattle, Washington]] by [[Pope Paul VI]] in 1975. In 1982, Hunthausen withheld half of his [[federal income tax]] to protest the stockpiling of nuclear weapons and the [[Trident missile]] program, which had a base in [[Puget Sound]]. In a speech, he said, "Trident is the Auschwitz of Puget Sound."<ref>Amundson, Mavis "Local professor notes Hunthausen's influence" ''West Seattle Herald'' January 11, 1984</ref> This [[tax resistance]] prompted the U.S. [[Internal Revenue Service]] to garnish his wages.

====Church investigation====
As a result of the complaints surrounding Hunthausen's alleged deviations from church doctrine, in 1983 the [[Holy See|Vatican]] authorized [[Pope Benedict XVI|Cardinal Ratzinger]], [[Prefect]] of the [[Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith]], to launch an investigation. Archbishop (later Cardinal) James Hickey of Washington, DC, was named [[apostolic visitor]] to the Archdiocese of Seattle. Hickey's delegation met with Hunthausen and others to investigate his administrative and pastoral practices. The investigation concluded that Hunthausen had exercised "weak doctrinal leadership" in a number of areas, including allowing children to receive the sacrament of Communion without first having received the sacrament of penance.<ref>[https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/raymond-hunthausen-retired-archbishop-seattle-dies-age-96 Fromherz, Frank. "Raymond Hunthausen, retired archbishop of Seattle, dies at age 96", ''National Catholic Reporter'', July 22, 2018]</ref>

[[Donald Wuerl]], later Archbishop of Washington, was controversially named an auxiliary bishop with special powers. According to Thomas Bokenkotter, <blockquote>"A resolution of the affair was finally announced by the Vatican in April after it accepted the report of a commission that recommended that Hunthausen's authority be restored and a coadjutor bishop be appointed.<ref>[https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-05-27-mn-1742-story.html Chandler, Russell. "Pope Restores Full Powers to Hunthausen", ''The Los Angeles Times'', May 27, 1987]</ref> Hunthausen stoutly maintains that his archdiocese has remained fundamentally the same and was never in violation of Vatican doctrine; nor has he had to alter the general direction of his ministry or compromise his liberal beliefs."<ref>''A Concise History of the Catholic Church'', Rev. and exp. ed. New York: Doubleday, 2004. 447.</ref> </blockquote>[[Thomas Joseph Murphy|Thomas Murphy]], Bishop of Great Falls–Billings, was appointed [[coadjutor bishop]] in 1987.

Hunthausen is remembered most for his support of the poor and disenfranchised. He was also an advocate for the youth and encouraged better [[catechesis]] in Catholic parishes and Catholic parochial schools despite waning enrollment. In 1985, he helped establish the Institute for Theological Studies at [[Seattle University]], which in 1996 evolved into the School of Theology and Ministry.

=== Retirement and legacy ===
On August 21, 1991, [[Pope John Paul II]] accepted Hunthausen's resignation as archbishop of Seattle. He then moved to Helena, Montana, to live with his brother, Jack Hunthausen.<ref name=milestones/> Raymond continued to hear [[Confession (religion)|confessions]] once a week in [[East Helena, Montana]], and led retreats in the Diocese of Helena.

On July 22, 2018, Hunthausen died in his home in Helena at age 96. He was the second archbishop to be interred in the [[crypt]] at [[St. James Cathedral (Seattle)|St. James Cathedral]].

==Awards==
* The 1982 [[Thomas Merton Award]] by the Thomas Merton Center for Peace and Justice
* Election to the [[National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics]] Collegiate Hall of Fame

==Head coaching record==
===Football===
{{CFB Yearly Record Start | type = coach | team = | conf = | bowl = | poll = no }}
{{CFB Yearly Record Subhead
 | name      = [[Carroll Fighting Saints football|Carroll Fighting Saints]]
 | conf      = [[Frontier Conference|Montana Collegiate Conference]]
 | startyear = 1953
 | endyear   = 1956
}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = conference
 | year         = [[1953 college football season|1953]]
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 5–2–1
 | conference   = 4–0
 | confstanding = 1st
 | bowlname     = 
 | bowloutcome  = 
 | bcsbowl      = 
 | ranking      = no
 | ranking2     = no
}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = conference
 | year         = [[1954 college football season|1954]]
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 5–2–1
 | conference   = 4–0
 | confstanding = 1st
 | bowlname     = 
 | bowloutcome  = 
 | bcsbowl      = 
 | ranking      = no
 | ranking2     = no
}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = 
 | year         = [[1955 college football season|1955]]
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 4–4
 | conference   = 3–1
 | confstanding = 2nd
 | bowlname     = 
 | bowloutcome  = 
 | bcsbowl      = 
 | ranking      = no
 | ranking2     = no
}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = conference
 | year         = [[1956 college football season|1956]]
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 6–2
 | conference   = 4–0
 | confstanding = 1st
 | bowlname     = 
 | bowloutcome  = 
 | bcsbowl      = 
 | ranking      = no
 | ranking2     = no
}}
{{CFB Yearly Record Subtotal
 | name       = Carroll
 | overall    = 20–10–2
 | confrecord = 15–1
}}
{{CFB Yearly Record End
 | overall  = 
 | bowls    = no
 | poll     = no
 | polltype = 
}}

===Basketball===
{{CBB Yearly Record Start | type = coach | conference = | postseason = | poll = }}
{{CBB Yearly Record Subhead
 | name       = [[Carroll Fighting Saints men's basketball|Carroll Fighting Saints]]
 | conference = [[Frontier Conference|Montana Collegiate Conference]]
 | startyear  = 1953
 | endyear    = 1957
}}
{{CBB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = conference
 | season       = 1953–54
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 22–4
 | conference   = 10–0
 | confstanding = 1st
 | postseason   = 
}}
{{CBB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = 
 | season       = 1954–55
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 15–7
 | conference   = 8–2
 | confstanding = 
 | postseason   = 
}}
{{CBB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = 
 | season       = 1955–56
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 12–11
 | conference   = 8–2
 | confstanding = 1st
 | postseason   = 
}}
{{CBB Yearly Record Entry
 | championship = conference
 | season       = 1956–57
 | name         = Carroll
 | overall      = 5–17
 | conference   = 3–7
 | confstanding = 
 | postseason   = 
}}
{{CBB Yearly Record Subtotal
 | name       = Carroll
 | overall    = 56–39
 | confrecord = 29–11
}}
{{CBB Yearly Record End
 | overall = 56–39
}}
<ref>{{cite web |author=<!--Not stated--> |title=Men's Basketball; All-time records|url=https://carrollathletics.com/sports/2014/11/13/MBB_1113143301.aspx?id=8 |publisher=[[Carroll College]] |access-date=January 4, 2025 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* John A. McCoy, ''A Still and Quiet Conscience: The Archbishop who Challenged a Pope, a President, and a Church'', Orbis Books, 2015

{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}

{{succession box
| title  = [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena|Bishop of Helena]]
| before = [[Joseph Michael Gilmore]]
| after  = [[Elden Francis Curtiss]]
| years  = 1962&ndash;1975}}
{{succession box
| title  = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seattle|Archbishop of Seattle]]
| before = [[Thomas Arthur Connolly]]
| after  = [[Thomas Joseph Murphy]]
| years  = 1975&ndash;1991}}

{{s-end}}

==External links==
* [http://www.stjames-cathedral.org/Pubs/Pastor/2018/18rghfuneral.aspx "Funeral Homily"], August 3, 2018

{{Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seattle}}
{{Roman Catholic Diocese of Helena}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hunthausen, Raymond}}
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the United States]]
[[Category:American tax resisters]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Seattle]]
[[Category:Carroll College (Montana) alumni]]
[[Category:Carroll Fighting Saints football coaches]]
[[Category:Carroll Fighting Saints men's basketball coaches]]
[[Category:Participants in the Second Vatican Council]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Helena]]
[[Category:Seattle University people]]
[[Category:People from Anaconda, Montana]]
[[Category:Coaches of American football from Montana]]
[[Category:Basketball coaches from Montana]]
[[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope John XXIII]]