View source for Qaem Shahr

{{Short description|City in Mazandaran province, Iran}}
{{for|the administrative division of Mazandaran province|Qaem Shahr County}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}

{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          = Qaem Shahr
|native_name            = {{langx|fa|قائم‌شهر}}
|settlement_type        = City
|image_skyline          = Qaemshahr 1.jpg
|imagesize              = 250px
|image_caption          = 
|mapsize                = 150px
|pushpin_map            = Iran
|coordinates            = {{coord|36|27|49|N|52|51|29|E|dim:2km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes   = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=36.463611&mlon=52.858056&zoom=14#map=14/36.46361/52.85806|website=[[OpenStreetMap]] |title=Qaem Shahr, Qaem Shahr County|date=15 January 2025|access-date=15 January 2025|lang=fa}}</ref>
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = [[Iran]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces of Iran|Province]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Counties of Iran|County]]
|subdivision_type3      = [[Bakhsh|District]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Mazandaran Province|Mazandaran]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Qaem Shahr County|Qaem Shahr]]
|subdivision_name3      = [[Central District (Qaem Shahr County)|Central]]
|established_title      = 
|established_date       = 
|leader_title           = 
|leader_name            = 
|area_footnotes         = 
|area_total_km2         = 27
|elevation_m            = 
|population_footnotes    = <ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province"/>
|population_total        = 204953
|population_urban       = 247953 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/english|title = Statistical Center of Iran > Home}}</ref>
|population_metro       = 
|population_as_of       = 2016
|population_est         = 
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|population_density_km2 = auto
|area_code              = 
|website                = {{URL|http://www.ghaemshahr.ir}}
|footnotes              = 
|timezone               = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
|utc_offset             = +3:30
}}

'''Qaem Shahr''' ({{langx|fa|قائم‌شهر}}; {{pronunciation|Qaemshahr.ogg}}){{efn|Also [[romanize]]d as '''Qā’em Shahr'''; formerly known as '''Shāhi''' (شاهی)<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3078746}}</ref>}} is a city in the [[Central District (Qaem Shahr County)|Central District]] of [[Qaem Shahr County]], [[Mazandaran province|Mazandaran]] province, [[Iran]], serving as capital of both the county and the district.<ref name="Mazandaran Province Structure">{{cite report|title=Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran province, centered in Sari city|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114003543/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council|last=Habibi|first=Hassan|archive-date=14 January 2024|orig-date=Approved 21 June 1369|date=c. 2024|id=Subject Letter 3233.1.5.53; Notification 83346/T144K|access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> Originally known as '''Ŝâhi''' was used until the [[Iranian Revolution]] in 1979 when the city acquired its current name.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2022-02-17 |archive-date=2021-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306043607/https://www.sabteahval.ir/mz_ghaem/default.aspxtabid=5016 |language=fa-ir |title=مازندران- اداره ثبت احوال قائمشهر - تاریخچه |url=https://www.sabteahval.ir/mz_ghaem/default.aspx?tabid=5016 |url-status=dead |website=www.sabteahval.ir}}</ref>

In terms of natural topography, Qaem Shahr is divided into two regions: the plain and the foothills of the [[Alborz mountain range|Alborz]]. It is situated at an elevation of 51 meters above sea level. Qaem Shahr has a [[Humid subtropical climate]]. In most years, winter contributes to half of the city’s annual rainfall, while summer is the least rainy season in Qaem Shahr. The average annual precipitation in Qaem Shahr is approximately 850 millimeters.<ref>{{cite web |title=Image Viewer and Downloader {{!}} Free and Permanent File Upload |url=https://imgurl.ir/viewer.php?file=z763063_photo_2024-10-09_17-29-06.jpg |website=imgurl.ir |access-date=2024-10-09}}</ref> Based on the latest accurate geographic data, Qaem Shahr is considered one of the largest cities in [[Northern Iran]].<ref>Geographic International System Data Center</ref>

The people of Qaem Shahr belong to the [[Tabari people|Tabari ethnic group]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Naseri Ashrafi |first=Jahangir |editor=Jafar Shoja Kivani |title=Encyclopedia of Tabarestan and Mazandaran, Volume 3 |year=2020 |publisher=Nashreni |page=201}}</ref> They speak the [[Mazandarani language]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Naseri Ashrafi |first=Jahangir |title=The Great Tabari Dictionary |publisher=Andisheh Pardaz and Khane Sabz |year=1998 |isbn=964-91131-5-0 |volume=1 |location=Tehran |page=31}}</ref> Specifically, they communicate in the Qaem Shahr dialect, one of the dialects of the [[Mazandarani language]].<ref>{{cite |author=Habib Borjian |year=2005 |title=Verb Markers in Eastern Mazandarani: Qaem Shahr Dialect |page=16}}</ref> Most residents of Qaem Shahr are officially [[Muslim]] and adhere to the [[Twelver Shia Islam]].<ref>[https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02_r.xlsx Population and Households Statistics Based on the 2016 National Census of Mazandaran Province]</ref>

The history of human settlement in Qaem Shahr, which also includes the ancient cities of ''[[Chamno]]'' and ''[[Tooji (city)|Tooji]]'', dates back to the [[Iron Age]]. Archaeological excavations in Qaem Shahr have uncovered 5,000-year-old pottery and stone tools.<ref>https://www.irna.ir/news/82005978/قائم‌شهر-کهن-شهر-مازندران-ترا-فرا-می‌خواند</ref> During the [[Safavid period]], the city garnered greater attention. Its initial foundation as ''Aliabad'' took place during the [[Qajar dynasty]]. However, the era of significant growth and development for Qaem Shahr traces back to the [[Pahlavi dynasty]]. During this period, construction of the [[Trans-Iranian Railway]] began in Qaem Shahr, and various factories and facilities were established in the city.<ref>{{cite web |title=Archived Version |url=https://www.rai.ir/page-rai/fa/0/form/pId9820 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629045312/https://www.rai.ir/page-rai/fa/0/form/pId9820 |archive-date=June 29, 2021 |access-date=October 28, 2021}}</ref> In September 1935, by a decree of the Council of Ministers, the city's name was changed to ''Shahi''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Moein |first=Mohammad |title=Persian Dictionary |volume=5 |year=1985 |orig-year=1966 |publisher=Amir Kabir Publishing Institute |location=Tehran |page=883}}</ref> Following the end of [[World War II]], Qaem Shahr's development continued, making it a hub for population settlement. During the [[1979 Iranian Revolution]], the name ''Shahi'' was changed to ''Qaem Shahr''.

Qaem Shahr holds significant strategic geographic importance as it connects [[Tehran]] to the northern and northeastern regions of Iran via two different routes: [[Road 79 (Iran)|Firuzkuh Road]] and [[Road 77 (Iran)|Haraz Road]]. It is reported that five million travelers annually commute through [[Road 79 (Iran)|Firuzkuh Road]] to Qaem Shahr, which is linked to a maritime border through the port of [[Babolsar]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History of the City |url=http://www.ghaemshahr.ir/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=55 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124161722/http://www.ghaemshahr.ir/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=55 |archivedate=January 24, 2012 |accessdate=January 27, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Hassanzadeh Ahmadi |first=Mousa |title=Summary of Tabarestan |publisher=Shelfine |year=1979}}</ref> This city is recognized as one of [[Iran's tourism centers]], offering a variety of [[tourist attractions]]. The clock tower in Talaqani Square serves as the symbol of Qaem Shahr.

Until 1945, Qaem Shahr was part of [[Sari County]]. With the establishment of Shahi County that year, the city became its administrative center. Historically, regions like [[Shahmirzad District]], [[Firuzkuh County]], [[Savadkuh County]], [[Juybar County]], and [[Simorgh County]] were originally sections of Qaem Shahr before being designated as independent counties. As of the 2016 census, Qaem Shahr's population was approximately 204,953, making it the most densely populated city in [[Mazandaran Province]] and northern Iran.<ref name="fallingrain">[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IR/35/Qaemshahr.html Maps, Weather, Videos, and Airports for Qa'emshahr, Iran]</ref>

==etymology==

Chamno: Also known as Jemanan, it consists of two parts: "Chamn" (grass) and "o" (water in the [[Tabari language]]). It referred to an area characterized by lush grasslands and water. Historical records of [[Tabaristan]] mention that during the [[6th century AH]], a river flowed through Chamno. Its bridge was repaired at the personal expense of [[Shah Ghazi Rustam]] (460 to 536 AH), the ruler of Tabaristan, to prevent its water from going to waste. [[Ibn Isfandiyar]] also frequently mentioned Chamno in the [[History of Tabaristan]]. Today, there is a neighborhood called Jemanan in Qaem Shahr.

Toji: The origin of the name for the city [[Toji (city)|Toji]] or [[Toji (city)|Triji]] remains unclear but may derive from the Toji River located south of Qaem Shahr

Shahi: In the early 1300s (solar calendar), the newly established city of Shahi was founded by order of [[Reza Shah]], his birthplace, and Aliabad was renamed Shahi.<ref>http://www.shomalnews.com/view/75497/%معرفی20شهرها%20و%20جاذبه%20های%20استان%20مازندران/</ref>

Qaem Shahr: Following the [[1979 Revolution]], the city was renamed to Qaem Shahr.<ref>http://hamshahrionline.ir/details/44782</ref>
==Demographics==
===Population===
In 1951, Qaem Shahr's [[population]] was around 18,000, growing to 123,684 in 1991.{{cn|date=June 2024}} At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 174,246 in 48,055 households.<ref name="2006 Mazandaran Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920090640/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}}</ref> The following census in 2011 counted 196,050 people in 60,347 households.<ref name="2011 Mazandaran Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119182058/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls|archive-date=19 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}}</ref> The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 204,953 people in 68,407 households.<ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007110909/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=7 October 2021}}</ref>

=== History ===
According to existing evidence, including religious sites such as Imamzadeh Yousef Reza and the tomb of the scholar and jurist [[Sheikh Tabarsi]], Qaem Shahr reflects a long-standing history of civilization and culture dating back to before the 6th century AH.

In the city of Shahi, a weekly bazaar was held every Wednesday. On these days, locals from nearby districts, as well as merchants from surrounding villages and even other cities, brought their goods and products to this market for sale. Over time, this bazaar gained significance and established a certain level of prominence and centrality in the region.

During the era of the Umayyad dynasty, the Arab rulers, aiming to control and dominate the southern regions of the Caspian Sea, established 44 military outposts stretching from present-day Astara to Esterabad (modern-day Gorgan). One of the most prominent of these posts was the Arta military fortress. These 44 outposts were commonly known as “Dine Sar,” which essentially means “protector of religion.” At the Arta military fortress, a commander named Bani Abbas, accompanied by 330 soldiers, governed the areas of present-day Qaem Shahr, Arateh, and Sari.

===Before Christ===
Based on the presence of ancient hills, Qaem Shahr boasts a deep and long-standing history:

[[Gardkooh Jemanoon Hill]]: The antiquity of Gardkooh Hill dates back to the Iron Age.

[[Taleghani Hill]]: Archaeological findings, historical relics, and human remains from the first millennium have been unearthed here.

[[Dineh Kafashgarkola Hill in Arateh]]: This hill, located in the village of Kafashgarkola Arateh in Qaem Shahr County, dates back to the first millennium BC, further proving the region's ancient history.
=== Ancient Era ===
[[File:Fenner, Rest. Persis, Parthia, Armenia. 1835 (K).jpg|thumb|300px|Location of the Tapur tribe in the 2nd century BC, from East Sepidrud to Aserm Hyrcania]]
Before [[Islam]], Mazandaran Province was known as [[Tabarestan|Tapurstan]] (in [[Middle Persian|Pahlavi]]: [[File:Tapurstan.png|55px]]), derived from the name of the [[Tapur tribe]] (in [[Greek language|Greek]]: Τάπυροι). After Islam, the [[Tabari people|Tabari tribe]] inherited the name, and their homeland became known as [[Tabarestan]].<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Emadi | first1 = Asadollah | title = Revisiting the History of Mazandaran | year = 1993 | publisher = Mazandaran Culture House Publications | page = 72}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Marquart | first = Josef | title = Eranshahr Based on the Geography of Moses of Chorene | translator = Maryam Mir Ahmadi | year = 1994 | publisher = Tehran Information Publications | page = 245}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Borjian |first1=Habib |date=2004 |title=Mazandaran: Language and People (The State of Research) |url=https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D85B1DDR/download |journal=Yerevan State University |volume= |issue= |pages=289 |doi=10.1163/1573384043076045 |language=en}}</ref>

According to [[Vasily Bartold]], the [[Tabari people|Tapurs]] lived in the southeastern regions of the province and were subjects of the [[Achaemenid Empire]]. The [[Amardians]] were defeated by [[Alexander the Great]], and later subdued by the [[Parthian Empire|Parthians]], who resettled them near Rey in the 2nd century BC. The Tapurs then occupied the former lands of the Amardians. In his description of the Deylam region (eastern Gilan on the shores of the Caspian Sea), Ptolemy mentions only the [[Tabari people|Tapurs]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Bartold | first = Vasily | title = Historical Geography of Iran | year = 1930 | publisher = Tehran Union | page = 283}}</ref>

According to [[Mojtaba Minovi]], the Amardian and [[Tapur]] tribes inhabited the land of [[Mazandaran Province|Mazandaran]]. The Tapurs resided in the mountainous areas, while the Amardians lived in the plains of Mazandaran. In 176 BC, [[Phraates I of Parthia|Phraates I]] relocated the Amardian tribe to the Khvar region, allowing the Tapurs to occupy the entire Mazandaran area, which then became known as Tapurstan.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Minovi | first1 = Mojtaba | title = Maziyar | year = 1963 | publisher = Amir Kabir Publishing Institute | page = 9}}</ref> The cities of Amol, Chalous, Klar, Saeedabad, and Royan were part of the Tapur tribe's territory.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Mohammadpour | first1 = Safarali | title = Chalous in the Mirror of History | year = 2007 | publisher = Masoud Kalam Publications | page = 370}}</ref>

[[William Smith (lexicographer)|William Smith]], in the [[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography]], writes that the Tapur tribe was a people whose settlement throughout different historical periods seems to have extended across a vast area from [[Armenia]] eastward to the Oxus River ([[Amu Darya]]). [[Strabo]] places them near the Caspian Gates and Rey, in Parthia, between the Derbices and Aserm Hyrcania, alongside the [[Amardian people|Amardians]] and other groups along the southern shores of the [[Caspian Sea]]. This last perspective, which locates the Tapurs along the southern coasts of the [[Caspian Sea]], aligns with the views of [[Quintus Curtius Rufus]], [[Dionysius]], and [[Pliny the Elder]]. 

[[Ptolemy]] at times considers the Tapurs as part of the peoples of [[Media (region)|Media]], while elsewhere he associates them with [[Merv|Margiana]]. There is no doubt that the region currently known as [[Tabarestan]] derives its name from the Tapurs mentioned by [[Pliny]] and [[Quintus Curtius]]. [[Aelian]] provides a peculiar description of the Tapurs who lived in Media.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, illustrated by numerous engravings on wood. William Smith, LLD. London. Walton and Maberly, Upper Gower Street and Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row; John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1854. ,TAPU´RI|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=tapuri-geo|access-date=2021-02-04|website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref>
=== Background===
Throughout its history, Qaem Shahr has been known by various names such as Chamno, Tooji, Aliabad, and Shahi. The earliest recorded name of the city, mentioned in Islamic-era sources from the 7th to 9th centuries AH, is Chamno or Jamno. Chamno was the site of a battle in the 3rd century between Soleiman bin Abdollah, a Taherian ruler of Tabarestan, and Hasan bin Zayd, the leader of the [[Alid dynasties of northern Iran|Alavids of Tabarestan]]. Other historical and geographical sources also refer to the city as Tooji, Triji, or Taranjeh. This fortified city, which also had a castle, has been mentioned under different names. Some sources consider Taranjeh and Tooji to be the same location, while others treat them as two distinct places. [[Zahir al-Din Marashi]] refers to Tooji and Chamno as villages in the western parts of the Sari province. Based on Zahir al-Din Marashi's accounts, the city of Tooji should be located near present-day Qaem Shahr. In [[Istakhri]]'s ''Masalik al-Mamalik'', the location of Tooji is described as being near Sari and separate from Mamtabar. A significant historical event at the fortress of Tooji was the battle between the forces of Seyyed Kamal al-Din Marashi and Kiyavastasp Jalali.<ref>{{cite book | last = Nasri Ashrafi | first = Jahangir | editor = Jafar Shoja Keyvani | title = Encyclopedia of Tabarestan and Mazandaran, Vol. 3 | year = 2020 | publisher = Nashr Ney | page = 200}}</ref>

In sources from the 9th century AH, this city is referred to as the region of Aliabad. In the travelogues of Safavid-era explorers, such as Pietro della Valle, who visited Mazandaran and present-day Qaem Shahr, as well as in ''Tarikh-e Giti Gosha'' related to the Zand dynasty period, the city is mentioned under the name Aliabad. In late February 1931, by order of [[Reza Shah]], Aliabad was renamed Shahi.<ref>{{cite book | last = Nasri Ashrafi | first = Jahangir | editor = Jafar Shoja Keyvani | title = Encyclopedia of Tabarestan and Mazandaran, Vol. 3 | year = 2020 | publisher = Nashr Ney | page = 200}}</ref>

=== The Position of Tujī in Tabarestan ===
Tujī (also referred to as Trījī, Trījeh, Tarnjeh, and Barjī) is mentioned as one of the cities of [[Tabarestan]].

[[Ibn Rusta]],<ref>{{Cite book | last = Ibn Rusta | first = Ahmad ibn Umar | translator = Hossein Ghareh Chaanloo | title = Al-Alaq al-Nafisa | year = 1986 | publisher = Amir Kabir Publishing Institute | page = 176}}</ref> a historian from the 3rd century, describes Tabarestan as bounded by Gorgan and Qumis in the east, Deylam in the west, the sea in the north, and certain regions of Qumis and Rey in the south. According to Ibn Rusta, Tabarestan consisted of fourteen districts, with Khore of Amol as the capital and central city of the region, and its cities included: Sari, Vasram, Mamteer, '''Tarnjeh''', Roubast, Mileh, Merarkadieh (Kadah), Mehrovan, Tamis, Tamar, Natel, Shalus, Royan, and Kalar (Kalardasht).<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Aghajani | first1 = Hashem | date = 2013 | title = The Origins of Tapurians Until the Formation of Tabarestan City | url = http://history.bojnourdiau.ac.ir/article_520194_8965e00ce990b8483cffe4e9767bf599.pdf | journal = | volume = 8 | issue = 31 | pages = 5–9 | doi = | access-date = }}</ref>

[[Estakhri]] writes that the cities of Amol, Natel, Salus (Chalous), Kalar (Kalardasht), Royan, Mileh, '''Barjī''', Cheshmeh Al-Ham, Mamteer, Sari, Asram, Mehrovan, Lamresk, and Tamisha are part of Tabarestan.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Sajadi | first1 = Mohammad Taghi | title = History and Historical Geography of Ramsar | year = 1999 | publisher = Moein Publications | page = 67}}</ref>

[[Ibn Hawqal]], in describing Tabarestan, mentions that Amol is the largest city of Tabarestan and was the seat of government at his time. He describes the distances between cities: from Plur to Amol is one stage; Amol to Mileh is two farsakhs; Mileh to Trījī is two farsakhs; Trījī to Sari is one stage; Sari to Esterabad is four stages; Esterabad to Gorgan is two stages; Amol to Natel is one stage; Natel to Chalous is one stage; and towards the sea, Ayn Al-Ham is one stage. Ibn Hawqal lists the cities of Amol, Shalus (Chalous), Kalar (Kalardasht), Royan, Mileh, '''Trījī''', Ayn Al-Ham, Mamteer, Asram, Sariyeh, and Tamisha as belonging to the province of Tabarestan.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Zabihi | first1 = Ali | title = Amol | year = 2012 | publisher = Rasanesh Novin | page = 18}}</ref>

[[Shams al-Din Maqdisi|Maqdisi]] identifies "Jurjan, Tabarestan, Deylam, and Jilan" as belonging to the fifth climatic region of the world in [[Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim]].<ref name="Fath"/> Maqdisi also describes Tabarestan as having many mountains and abundant rain, noting Amol as the capital of Tabarestan and cities like Chalous, Mamteer, Tarnjeh, Asram, Sariyeh, Tamisha, and others as part of Tabarestan.<ref>Hossein Hosseinian Moghadam, Mansour Dadashnejad, Hossein Moradinassab, and Mohammadreza Hedayatpanah, under the supervision of Dr. Seyyed Ahmadreza Khezri. ''History of Shiism 2: Governments, Dynasties, and Scientific and Cultural Works.'' Tehran: Research Institute for Seminary and University, 2014. 145. {{ISBN|978-964-7788-37-3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Maqdisi | first1 = Shams al-Din | title = Ahsan al-Taqasim fi Ma'rifat al-Aqalim, Volume II | year = 1982 | publisher = Authors and Translators Association of Iran | page = 519}}</ref>

According to [[Hudud al-'Alam]], Tamisha, Lamresk, Sari, Asram, Mamteer, '''Trījī''', Mileh, Amol, Al-Ham, Natel, Roudan, Chalous, and Kalar (Kalardasht) are among the cities of [[Tabarestan]]. The author of Hudud al-'Alam notes that Natel, Roudan, Chalous, and Kalar (Kalardasht) were small towns located in the mountains and valleys, forming part of Tabarestan but under a different kingdom governed by a ruler called "Istandar."<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Sotoudeh | first1 = Manouchehr | title = Hudud al-'Alam | year = 1983 | publisher = Language and Culture Iran Publications | page = 146}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Hoseynnia Amirkelayi | first1 = Hanieh | last2 = Mousavi Hajji | first2 = Seyyed Rasoul | date = 2020 | title = Study of Islamic Era Ceramics of the Historical City of Natel | url = http://ensani.ir/fa/article/452200/مطالعه-نمونه-های-سفالین-دوران-اسلامی-شهر-تاریخی-ناتل | journal = Archaeological Studies of Parse | volume = 4 | issue = 14 | pages = 88 | doi = | access-date = }}</ref>

Abul Qasim ibn Ahmad Jihani in his book ''Ashkal al-'Alam'' mentions the cities of Tabarestan, including: Amol, Natel, Salus (Chalous), Kalaroudan (Kalardasht), Ayn Al-Ham, Mamteer, the ancient city of Asram, Sari, Tamisha, Esterabad, Jurjan, Abaskoon, and Dehestan. He notes the routes from Amol to Deylam, Amol to Natel, from Natel to Salus, from Salus to Kalar, and from Kalar to Deylam.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Eghbal | first1 = Mehdi | title = History of Chalous | year = 2010 | publisher = Shamloo Publications | page = 23}}</ref>

Rabino notes that the extent of Deylam did not exceed more than one stage west of the Kalar region of Tabarestan.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Sajadi | first1 = Mohammad Taghi | title = History and Historical Geography of Ramsar | year = 1999 | publisher = Moein Publications | page = 57}}</ref> [[Hamzeh Esfahani]], a historian from the 3rd century, writes in his book ''History of the Kings and Prophets'' that Tabarestan had many districts, one of which was the region of Deylam, and Iranians referred to the people of Deylam as the "Kurds of Tabarestan," just as Arabs called the people of Iraq the "Kurds of Sorestān."<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Esfahani | first1 = Hamzeh | title = History of Prophets and Kings (History of the Kings and Prophets) | year = 1983 | publisher = Iranian Cultural Foundation Publications | page = 214}}</ref>

[[Ibn Esfandiyar]] describes Tabarestan as spanning east to west, bounded by Dinargar to Malat, roughly equivalent to the present-day [[Kordkuy]] and [[Rudsar]].<ref name="Nabi"/> In his book [[History of Tabarestan]], Ibn Esfandiyar lists cities in Tabarestan that had mosques and congregational prayer spaces: Amol, Asram, Sari, Mamteer, Roudbast, '''Trijeh''', Mileh, Mehrovan, Ahlam, Pay Dasht, Natel, Kanu, Shalus (Chalous), Bikhuri, Lamresk, Tamish in the plains; and in the mountains, Kalar (Kalardasht), Royan, Namar, Kajuyeh, Vimeh, Shelanbeh, Vafad, Al-Jomha, Sharmam, Larjan, Omidvar Kuh, Prim, and Hazarger.<ref>{{Cite book | last1 = Eghbal | first1 = Mehdi | title = History of Chalous | year = 2010 | publisher = Shamloo Publications | page = 23}}</ref>

[[Zahir al-Din Mar'ashi]] in his book [[History of Tabarestan, Royan, and Mazandaran]] describes the boundaries of Tabarestan: in the east, Dinargar, and

==Geography==
=== Geographical Location ===
According to historical records, the initial foundation of this city was established during the Qajar era under the name ''Aliabad''. It originally consisted of a village with commercial and residential units near today's Taleghani Square, along with neighborhoods surrounding it and large villages such as Chamno (present-day Jemnan, which is now a part of the city itself), Qadikola-ye Bozorg, and Kuchaksara on its outskirts. After the fall of the Qajar dynasty and the beginning of Reza Shah's reign, due to its strategic regional position (serving as a transit route for trade and pilgrimage caravans from neighboring provinces such as Tehran, Gilan, and Khorasan), the area gained increased importance.

Today, it is recognized as a geographically strategic city, linking [[Tehran]] to the north and northeast through two different routes: [[Firuzkuh Road]] and [[Haraz road]]. It is reported that annually, five million travelers pass through the [[Firuzkuh Road]] to Qaem Shahr, which also connects to the maritime border via the port of [[Babolsar]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of the City |url=http://www.ghaemshahr.ir/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=55 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120124161722/http://www.ghaemshahr.ir/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=55 |archivedate=24 January 2012 |accessdate=27 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hasanzadeh Ahmadi|first=Mousa|title=A Summary of Tabarestan|publisher=Shelfine|year=1979}}</ref>

From a climatic and geographical perspective, the area experiences a Mediterranean and moderate Caspian climate, characterized by humid summers, while the southern regions have relatively cold and rainy winters. The city is located 20 kilometers from the provincial center and 180 kilometers north of Tehran, situated between the [[Caspian Sea]] and the [[Alborz Mountains]].

Qaem Shahr is where the North Iranian railway quits the fertile plains of Mazandaran to cross the highest mountain range of the Middle East, the [[Alborz]].

[[File:تصویر۰۰۴.jpg|thumb|right|Reza Shah, Qaemshahr railway]]
[[File:Shaykhtabarsi 2008.jpg|thumb|right|Sheykh Tabarsi's tomb in Qaem Shahr]]

===Climate===
{{Weather box |width = auto
| collapsed = y
| metric first = yes
| single line = Yes
| location = Qara Kheyl(normals 1991-2020, extremes 1984-2023) elevation: 14.7
|temperature colour = 
|humidity colour = 

| Jan record high C =30.4
| Feb record high C =34.6
| Mar record high C =36.2
| Apr record high C =39.0
| May record high C =40.6
| Jun record high C =39.6
| Jul record high C =38.4
| Aug record high C =40.6
| Sep record high C =40.2
| Oct record high C =38.6
| Nov record high C =32.2
| Dec record high C =28.4
| year record high C =
| Jan high C  =12.6
| Feb high C  =12.7
| Mar high C  =15.5
| Apr high C  =20.1
| May high C  =25.3
| Jun high C  =29.1
| Jul high C  =30.9
| Aug high C  =31.8
| Sep high C  =28.7
| Oct high C  =24.3
| Nov high C  =18.2
| Dec high C  =14.1
| year high C =
| Jan mean C  =7.3
| Feb mean C  =7.7
| Mar mean C  =10.6
| Apr mean C  =14.9
| May mean C  =20.3
| Jun mean C  =24.2
| Jul mean C  =26.1
| Aug mean C  =26.5
| Sep mean C  =23.5
| Oct mean C  =18.7
| Nov mean C  =12.8
| Dec mean C  =8.8
| year mean C =
| Jan low C =3.1
| Feb low C =3.7
| Mar low C =6.7
| Apr low C =10.8
| May low C =16.0
| Jun low C =20.0
| Jul low C =22.2
| Aug low C =22.4
| Sep low C =19.6
| Oct low C =14.4
| Nov low C =8.7
| Dec low C =4.6
| Jan record low C  =-6.0
| Feb record low C  =-5.2
| Mar record low C  =-1.8
| Apr record low C  =0.2
| May record low C  =5.4
| Jun record low C  =13.0
| Jul record low C  =16.6
| Aug record low C  =14.2
| Sep record low C  =11.6
| Oct record low C  =4.2
| Nov record low C  =-3.8
| Dec record low C  =-3.6
| year record low C =

|precipitation colour = green
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation mm  =70.7
| Feb precipitation mm  =66.1
| Mar precipitation mm  =67.6
| Apr precipitation mm  =43.8
| May precipitation mm  =27.3
| Jun precipitation mm  =30.1
| Jul precipitation mm  =30.0
| Aug precipitation mm  =33.4
| Sep precipitation mm  =77.1
| Oct precipitation mm  =91.9
| Nov precipitation mm  =110.2
| Dec precipitation mm  =74.5
| year precipitation mm =
| precip days colour      =  
| Jan precipitation days  =7.2
| Feb precipitation days  =7.8
| Mar precipitation days  =7.7
| Apr precipitation days  =6.3
| May precipitation days  =4.8
| Jun precipitation days  =3.9
| Jul precipitation days  =4.5
| Aug precipitation days  =4.7
| Sep precipitation days  =6.9
| Oct precipitation days  =6.3
| Nov precipitation days  =7.6
| Dec precipitation days  =7.2
| year precipitation days =
| Jan rain days  =9.5
| Feb rain days  =10.7
| Mar rain days  =13
| Apr rain days  =11.2
| May rain days  =7.8
| Jun rain days  =5
| Jul rain days  =5.7
| Aug rain days  =6.5
| Sep rain days  =8
| Oct rain days  =8.1
| Nov rain days  =9.4
| Dec rain days  =9.5
| year rain days =
| Jan snow days  =0.9
| Feb snow days  =0.85
| Mar snow days  =0.1
| Apr snow days  =0
| May snow days  =0
| Jun snow days  =0
| Jul snow days  =0
| Aug snow days  =0
| Sep snow days  =0
| Oct snow days  =0
| Nov snow days  =0.25
| Dec snow days  =0
| year snow days =

| Jan humidity    =84
| Feb humidity    =84
| Mar humidity    =83
| Apr humidity    =82
| May humidity    =78
| Jun humidity    =77
| Jul humidity    =79
| Aug humidity    =78
| Sep humidity    =81
| Oct humidity    =82
| Nov humidity    =84
| Dec humidity    =85
| year humidity   =
| Jan dew point C =4.5
| Feb dew point C =4.9
| Mar dew point C =7.5
| Apr dew point C =11.5
| May dew point C =16.1
| Jun dew point C =19.7
| Jul dew point C =21.8
| Aug dew point C =22.1
| Sep dew point C =19.8
| Oct dew point C =15.3
| Nov dew point C =10.0
| Dec dew point C =6.1
| Jan sun  =139
| Feb sun  =119
| Mar sun  =131
| Apr sun  =153
| May sun  =204
| Jun sun  =222
| Jul sun  =212
| Aug sun  =206
| Sep sun  =166
| Oct sun  =173
| Nov sun  =146
| Dec sun  =137
| year sun =

|source = NOAA<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/Gharakhil_40737.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Gharakhil |access-date=28 January 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |format=CSV}}</ref>
|source 2=IRIMO (extremes<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/maz/GHAEMSHR/6.asp |title=Form 6: Temperature Records Lowest in  C. Station: Gharaghil Ghaemshahr (40737) |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614160345/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/maz/GHAEMSHR/6.asp |archive-date=14 June 2016 |url-status=unfit |publisher=IRIMO}}
*{{Cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/maz/GHAEMSHR/7.asp |title=Form 7: Temperature Records Highest in C. Station Gharakhil Ghaemshahr (40737) |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Chaharmahalmet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614161101/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/maz/GHAEMSHR/7.asp |archive-date=14 June 2016 |url-status=unfit |publisher=IRIMO}}</ref>), meteomanz(snow days 2004-2023, extremes since 2021)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=2060&ind=40737&m1=01&y1=2000&m2=07&y2=2024 |title=GHARAKHIL - Weather data by months |access-date=4 July 2024 |website=meteomanz |no-pp=y}}</ref>
}}


==Notable people==
* [[Behdad Salimi]] (born 1989) – weightlifter
* [[Farhad Majidi]]  – football player
* [[Nader Dastneshan]] (1960–2021) – football coach
* [[Mehrdad Oladi]] (1985–2016) – football player
* [[Mehrdad Kafshgari]] (born 1987) – football player
* [[Fereydoon Fazli]] (born 1971) – football player
* [[Babak Nourzad]] (born 1978) – wrestler
* [[Mojtaba Tarshiz]] (born 1978) – football player
* [[Farshid Talebi]] (born 1981) – football player
* [[Maysam Baou]] (born 1983) – football player
* [[Mehdi Jafarpour]] (born 1984) – football player
* [[Mohammad Abbaszadeh]] (born 1990) – football player
* [[Ali Alipour]] (born 1995) – football player
* [[Behnam Tayyebi]] (born 1975) – wrestler
* [[Ahmad Mohammadi]] (born 1989) – wrestler
* [[Mansour Hedayati]] – (residence) – poet

== Notable places ==
* [[Gerdkooh Hills]]
* Old Municipality Building
* Islamic Azad University Qaemshahr Branch
* Telar Jungle Park
* Tomb of Sheykh Tabarsi
* Qadi Kola Forest
* Paein Lamok Park
* Siah Dasht Cave
* Imamzadeh Seyed Mohammad Zarin Nava
* Kerchang Lagoon
* Zamzam Dam
* Talar River
* Kutna Village
* Golpol Lake
* Tomb of Seyyed Abu Saleh
* Reykandeh Village

== Agriculture and Animal Husbandry ==
The fertile lands of this county have significant potential for cultivating various crops, especially wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, soybeans, and more. Additionally, Qaem Shahr is known as the hub of citrus production in Iran;<ref name="Qaemshahr is the hub of citrus and sports in the country">[https://www.borna.news/بخش-استان-ها-11/279399-قائمشهر-قطب-مرکبات-ورزش-کشور-است Qaemshahr is the hub of citrus and sports in the country]</ref> the highly productive citrus orchards in this city, particularly along the Military Road, are well-regarded.<ref>http://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/4256324/صادرات-345-تنی-انواع-محصولات-کشاورزی-از-قائمشهر</ref>

Other products, such as sugarcane,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived Version |url=http://0123news.com/?p=2173 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329174828/http://0123news.com/?p=2173 |archivedate=29 March 2013 |accessdate=24 April 2013}}</ref> honey, silk,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived Version |url=http://www.iana.ir/keshavarzi/item/5010-1.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828201813/http://www.iana.ir/keshavarzi/item/5010-1.html |archivedate=28 August 2012 |accessdate=24 April 2013}}</ref> hemp, and sesame, are found in forested and mountainous villages like [[Seyyed Abusaleh]], [[Gol Afshan, Mazandaran|Golafshan]], and [[Rikandeh]].

Cattle, sheep, and goat rearing are also common practices in various plain and mountainous areas, utilizing the resources available in each village.

=== Sugarcane Cultivation ===
The cultivation and traditional production of red sugar from sugarcane are mostly observed in the villages of Seyf Kati, Rikandeh, and Seyyed Abusaleh in Qaem Shahr. Sugarcane is processed in traditional workshops, producing not only sugar but also molasses. The resulting sugar, which is brown or locally called "black sugar," has numerous health benefits. These include alleviating chronic fatigue, cleansing liver toxins, soothing mouth and tongue heat, and reducing gum inflammation. It is also highly beneficial in treating favism, anemia, internal jaundice, and nervous disorders.

Following a period of decline, sugarcane cultivation continued in a very basic form and on a small scale in Mazandaran and favorable areas near the Caspian Sea. 

During the reign of [[Naser al-Din Shah]] and with the efforts of [[Amir Kabir]], steps were taken to revive this industry. Sugarcane from Mazandaran was brought for cultivation in Khuzestan. This effort in Mazandaran and Khuzestan involved importing new cuttings from India. However, sugar production from sugarcane did not thrive in either Mazandaran or Khuzestan.<ref>http://www.magiran.com/npview.asp?ID=2588838</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived Version |url=http://www.maj.ir/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=00cdc089-54ef-41a1-80a9-d4e64eb4a1cc |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005130638/http://www.maj.ir/portal/Home/Default.aspx?CategoryID=00cdc089-54ef-41a1-80a9-d4e64eb4a1cc |archivedate=5 October 2018 |accessdate=24 April 2013}}</ref><ref>http://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/4248082/برداشت-140تن-نیشکر-از-اراضی-کشاورزی-قائمشهر</ref>  

== Sports ==
Qaem Shahr is one of the sports hubs in Iran<ref name="Qaemshahr is the hub of citrus and sports in the country"/> and has consistently excelled in various sports disciplines such as [[association football|football]], [[Wushu (sport)|wushu]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www5.sari.irna.ir/fa/News/359861/ورزشی/قائمشهر_به_عنوان_قطب_ووشوی_کشور_به_سالن_تخصصی_نیاز_دارد |title=Qaemshahr, as the hub of wushu in the country, requires a specialized hall |accessdate=10 October 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112010246/http://www5.sari.irna.ir/fa/News/359861/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4%DB%8C/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86_%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF |archivedate=12 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[kabaddi]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.irna.ir/fa/News/2000095967/سایر_رشته_ها/کبدی_قائم_شهر_به_مرحله_نیمه_نهایی_لیگ_برتر_کبدی_کشور_راه_یافت |title=Qaem Shahr Kabaddi reaches the semi-final stage of the national kabaddi league |accessdate=10 October 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112012113/http://www.irna.ir/fa/News/2000095967/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7/%DA%A9%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85_%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA |archivedate=12 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[weightlifting]],<ref>http://sari.irna.ir/News/80304910/قائمشهر-قهرمان-رقابت‌های-وزنه‌برداری-جوانان-مازندران-شد/ورزشی/{{dead link|bot=InternetArchiveBot |date=October 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iriwf.ir/index.php/page,Posts.ViewPost/id,1405 |title=Archived Version |accessdate=10 October 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524114312/http://www.iriwf.ir/index.php/page,Posts.ViewPost/id,1405 |archivedate=24 May 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[roller skating]],<ref>http://www.mehrnews.com/fa/newsdetail.aspx?NewsID=1696191{{dead link|date=April 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[swimming]],<ref>http://www.mazaniha.com/fa/news.php?id=172&page_id=&dir_id=5{{dead link|bot=InternetArchiveBot |date=June 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>http://vazeh.com/n-1450912.html</ref><ref>http://www.farsnews.ir/newstext.php?nn=13910430000038</ref> [[basketball]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://irna.ir/fa/News/2000026536/سایر_رشته_ها/دانشگاه_آزاد_قائمشهر_قهرمان_مسابقات_بسکتبال_منطقه_سه_کشور_شد |title=Archived Version |accessdate=10 October 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409080709/http://irna.ir/fa/News/2000026536/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%B3%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%AF |archivedate=9 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[wrestling]], [[gymnastics]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iranilink.com/?p=467 |title=Archived Version |accessdate=10 October 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121226033632/http://www.iranilink.com/?p=467 |archivedate=26 December 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[boxing]],<ref>http://www.mehrnews.com/fa/NewsDetail.aspx?NewsID=419753{{dead link|date=April 2025 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[chess]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://online.tic.ir/fa/news/2899 |title=Archived Version |access-date=10 October 2012 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305214450/http://online.tic.ir/fa/news/2899}}</ref> and martial arts.<ref>http://www.farsnews.ir/newstext.php?nn=9004190721</ref> It has produced international and world-renowned athletes in these disciplines.

In 2010, athletes from this city earned 189 medals at the world, Asian, international, and national levels within just seven months, making Qaem Shahr the most honored county in this regard in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ostan-mz.ir/news/332-ostan/2863--189---- |title=189 medals won by Qaem Shahr athletes this year<!-- Title corrected by bot --> |accessdate=22 February 2012 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304135008/http://www.ostan-mz.ir/news/332-ostan/2863--189---- |archivedate=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== History of Football in Qaem Shahr ===
Football has a long history in Qaem Shahr. The [[Vatani Stadium]] (formerly Shahna) was built in the 1940s in Qaem Shahr. In the distant past, teams such as Taj Shahi before the 1950s, Bank Mellat, Azmayesh, and [[F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran]] (founded in 1959)—one of the oldest teams in Iran and a symbol of football in northern Iran—were prominent. Another notable team was Naft Qaem Shahr, which was later dissolved.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fcnassajiclub.com/history.php |title=Archived Version |accessdate=3 April 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910224450/http://www.fcnassajiclub.com/history.php |archivedate=10 September 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In the 1980s, football in Qaem Shahr was divided between two main teams: Nassaji and Sanat Naft Qaem Shahr, which competed in Iran's first league, [[Azadegan League]] (before the [[Persian Gulf Pro League]] was established). These two teams were tough competitors, even defeating [[Esteghlal Tehran Football Club|Esteghlal]] or [[Persepolis F.C.|Persepolis]] in Qaem Shahr or holding them to draws in Tehran.
[http://dastneshan.ir/News/?p=6990 Nassaji Mazandaran (2) Persepolis Tehran (0) Goals: Abbas Kavand (70) and Ghadir Ghaffari (93)]{{dead link|bot=InternetArchiveBot |date=February 2020}}

During the 1980s, [[Hossein Mesgar Saravi]] was the captain of the [[Iran national football team]], and football in Qaem Shahr was associated with the brilliance of players like [[Nader Dastneshan]]. (Nader Dastneshan scored 9 goals for Nassaji in 8 games during the Iranian league in 1993, a record that remains unbroken to date.)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://daryanews.com/?NewsId=9758 |title=Archived Version |accessdate=6 August 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808151801/http://daryanews.com/?NewsId=9758 |archivedate=8 August 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> However, the decline of football in Qaem Shahr began abruptly, with Naft being dissolved and Nassaji relegated to the first division. In 2018, after twenty-four years of waiting, Nassaji returned to Iran's Persian Gulf Pro League.<ref name="mazandaran.farsnews.ir">{{Cite web |url=http://mazandaran.farsnews.ir/news/13970209001351 |title=Nassaji promoted to the Premier League with six goals; Tigers create history at Takhti Stadium |accessdate=11 May 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180508055056/http://mazandaran.farsnews.ir/news/13970209001351 |archivedate=8 May 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Although Qaem Shahr has introduced many players to the Premier League and national team in recent years, it was unable to fill Nassaji's absence in the Pro League.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://0123news.com/?p=771 |title=Archived Version |accessdate=3 April 2013 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819032416/http://0123news.com/?p=771 |archivedate=19 August 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Nassaji Mazandaran is the champion of the 2021–2022 Iran Football Hazfi Cup.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nassaji Mazandaran crowned Hazfi Cup champions |url=https://farsi.alarabiya.net/sport/2022/04/27/نساجی-مازندران-قهرمان-جام-حذفی-فوتبال-ایران-شد |website=Al Arabiya Farsi |date=27 April 2022 |accessdate=28 April 2022 |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nassaji Mazandaran crowned Hazfi Cup champions; the trophy goes to the men of the “Tired City” |url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/5477210/نساجی-مازندران-قهرمان-جام-حذفی-شد-جام-به-مردان-شهر-خسته-رسید |website=Mehr News Agency |date=27 April 2022 |accessdate=28 April 2022 |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nassaji crowned Hazfi Cup football champions |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/1401020704636/نساجی-قهرمان-جام-حذفی-فوتبال-شد |website=ISNA |date=27 April 2022 |accessdate=28 April 2022 |language=fa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Video; Nassaji’s celebration as Hazfi Cup champions |url=https://www.irna.ir/news/84734372/ویدئو-جشن-قهرمانی-نساجی-در-جام-حذفی |website=IRNA |date=28 April 2022 |accessdate=28 April 2022 |language=fa}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal-inline|Iran}}
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== Notes ==
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==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[http://columbia.thefreedictionary.com/Qa'em+Shahr Columbia Encyclopedia]

{{Authority control}}

{{Mazandaran Province|state=collapsed}}

{{Qaem Shahr County|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Populated places in Qaem Shahr County]]

[[Category:Cities in Mazandaran province]]