View source for Punjab Legislative Assembly

{{Short description|Legislature of Punjab, India}}
{{for|the provincial assembly in Pakistan|Punjab Provincial Assembly}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}<!-- this section is transcluded on History of Punjab Legislative Assembly --><section begin="Infobox" />
{{Infobox legislature
| name               = Punjab Legislative Assembly
| native_name        = {{lang|pa|Punjab Vidhan Sabha}}
| coa_pic            = [[File:Logo of the Punjab Legislative Assembly (Vector).svg|This is the Vector File of the Logo of Punjab Legislative Assembly.|150px]]
| coa_res            = 
| legislature        = [[16th Punjab Assembly]]
| session_room       = Assembly 09.jpg
| established        = 1952
| preceded_by        = [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
| house_type         = [[Unicameral]]
| term_length        = 5 years; renewable
| leader1_type       = [[List of governors of Punjab, India|Governor]]
| leader1            = 
| party1             = 
| election1          = 31 July 2024
| leader2_type       = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly#Speaker|Speaker]]
| leader2            = '''[[Kultar Singh Sandhwan]]'''
| party2             = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election2          = 21 March 2022
| leader3_type       = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly#Deputy Speaker|Deputy Speaker]]
| leader3            = '''[[Jai Krishan Singh]]'''
| party3             = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election3          = 30 June 2022
| leader4_type       = [[List of chief ministers of Punjab, India#Leader of the House|Leader of the House]]<br>([[List of chief ministers of Punjab, India|Chief Minister]])
| leader4            = '''[[Bhagwant Mann]]'''
| party4             = [[Aam Admi Party|AAP]]
| election4          = 16 March 2022
| leader5_type       = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India#Deputy Leader of the House|Deputy Leader of the House]]<br>([[Government of Punjab, India|Cabinet Minister]])
| leader5            = '''[[Harpal Singh Cheema]]'''
| party5             = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election5          = 21 March 2022
| leader6_type       = [[Government of Punjab, India|Minister of Legislative Affairs]]
| leader6            = '''[[Ravjot Singh]]'''
| party6             = [[Aam Admi Party|AAP]]
| election6          = 23 September 2024
| leader7_type       = [[List of Leader of Opposition in Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
| leader7            = '''[[Partap Singh Bajwa]]'''
| party7             = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| election7          = 9 April 2022
| leader8_type       = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly#Deputy leader of the opposition|Deputy Leader of Opposition]] 
| leader8            = '''[[Aruna Chaudhary]]'''
| party8             = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| election8          = 3 September 2024
| leader9_type       = Chief Whip
 | leader9           = 
 | party9            =              
 | structure1        = File:India Punjab Legislative Assembly 2025.svg
| structure1_res     = 300px
| members            = '''117'''
| political_groups1  = <!-- Do not make changes to Party totals without making corresponding changes under section 'Members of Legislative Assembly' -->
'''[[Government of Punjab, India|Government]] (92)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}}} [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] (92)
'''[[Official Opposition (India)|Official Opposition]] (16)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (16){{efn|Two members were suspended by congress because of their anti-party activities. These are Sandeep Jakhar<ref name="Sandeep Jakhar suspended by INC">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/congress-mla-sandeep-jakhar-suspended-for-anti-party-activities-after-supporting-bjp-chief-uncle-statement-101692472746203.html|title=Congress suspends Abohar MLA Sandeep Jakhar for 'anti-party' activities|work=Hindustan Times|date=20 August 2023 
|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref> and Vikramjit Chaudhary,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/congress-suspends-phillaur-mla-vikramjit-chaudhary-for-anti-party-activities-9289470/|title=Congress suspends Phillaur MLA Vikramjit Chaudhary for anti-party activities|work=Indian Express|date=25 April 2024 |accessdate=25 April 2024}}</ref> thus they are not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially they are still member of the congress as their party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.}}

'''[[Parliamentary opposition|Other Opposition]] (7)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}}} [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]] (3){{efn|One of the three SAD MLAs, Sukhwinder Sukhi joined AAP on 14 August 2024.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/punjab-lawyer-sends-notice-to-banga-mla-dr-sukhwinder-sukhi-seeks-his-resignation-for-defection-from-sad-to-aap/articleshow/112642047.cms Punjab lawyer sends notice to banga mla seeks his resignation for defection from sad to aap.]</ref> As per [[Anti-defection law (India)|Anti-defection law]] his membership will be decided by Speaker of Punjab Assembly.<ref>[https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jalandhar/no-resignation-yet-banga-mla-sukhi-in-wait-watch-mode/amp No resignation yet banga mla sukhi in wait and watch mode.]</ref>}}
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (2)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}}} [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]] (1)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Independent politician}}}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (2)
'''[[Casual vacancy|Vacant]] (1)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Vacant}}}} Vacant (1)
| voting_system1     = [[First-past-the-post]]
| first_election1    = [[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|26 March 1952]]
| last_election1     = [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|20 February 2022]]
| next_election1     = [[Next Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2027]]
| meeting_place      = [[Palace of Assembly (Chandigarh)|Palace of Assembly]], [[Chandigarh]], [[India]]
| website            = {{URL|https://punjabassembly.gov.in/|Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
| constitution       = [[Constitution of India]]
}}
<section end="Infobox" />
The '''Punjab Legislative Assembly''' or the '''Punjab Vidhan Sabha''' is the [[unicameral]] [[legislature]] of the state of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] in [[India]]. The [[Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly]] was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|members]], directly elected from [[List of constituencies of the Punjab Legislative Assembly|117 single-seat constituencies]].  The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is [[Kultar Singh Sandhwan]]. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the ''Vidhan Bhavan'' in Chandigarh.

==Vacancy==

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!Date 
!colspan="2"|Constituency
!colspan="3"|Previous MLA 
!Reason
!colspan="3"|Elected MLA
|-
|''TBD''
!21
|[[Tarn Taran Assembly constituency|Tarn Taran]]
|[[Kashmir Singh Sohal]]
|{{Full party name with color|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|Died on 27 June 2025 <ref>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/punjab-tarn-taran-aap-mla-dr-kashmir-singh-sohal-passes-away-at-62-101751017900835.html Punjab: Tarn Taran AAP MLA Dr Kashmir Singh Sohal passes away at 62 — Hindustan Times]</ref>
|colspan=3|''TBD''
|}
== History ==
{{Main|History of Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
In the [[British Raj]], an Executive Council was formed under [[Indian Councils Act 1861|The Indian Councils Act, 1861]]. It was only under the [[Government of India Act 1919]] that a [[Punjab Legislative Assembly (British India)|Legislative Council]] was set up in Punjab.  Later, under the [[Government of India Act 1935]], the [[Punjab Provincial Assembly (British India)|Punjab Legislative Assembly]] was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab Province]] was partitioned into [[West Punjab]] and [[East Punjab]] and the 79-member East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly.

After the [[independence of India]], on 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]]. The Punjab State Legislature was a [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] house in April 1952, comprising the [[Vidhan Sabha]] (lower house) and [[Vidhan Parishad]] (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form [[Haryana]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha grew by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] legislature.<ref>{{cite web |title=Punjab Legislative Assembly |url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/States/Punjab/punjab_w.htm |website=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in |access-date=16 January 2020}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"

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== Legislature ==
<section begin="Legislature"/><!-- This section is transcluded on Government of Punjab, India -->
The [[legislature]] comprises the governor and the Punjab Legislative Assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 117 elected members. The elected members select one of its own members as its chairperson who is called the [[Speaker (politics)|speaker]] of the assembly. The speaker is assisted by the deputy speaker who is also elected by the members. The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker.

The main function of the [[Legislative Assembly|assembly]] is to pass laws and rules. Every bill passed by the house has to be finally approved by the governor before it becomes applicable.

The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Government – Legislature|url=https://niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|publisher=Kerala Niyamasabha|access-date=17 March 2022|archive-date=8 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208011357/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><section end="Legislature"/>

== Sixteenth Assembly ==
{{transcluded section|source=16th Punjab Assembly}}
{{#section:Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly|Composition of Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
== Past election results ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |Years
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
! rowspan="2" |Others
! rowspan="2" |Total
! rowspan="2" |Majority
|-
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]]
![[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Independent politician|IND]]
|-
![[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''96'''
| bgcolor="chili" |13
! rowspan="14" |~
! rowspan="7" |~
|9
|8
!126
!64
|-
![[1957 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''120'''
!^
|13
|21
! rowspan="2" |154
! rowspan="2" |78
|-
![[1962 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''90'''
| bgcolor="chili" |19
|18
|27
|-
![[1967 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| bgcolor="chili" |48
!^
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''9'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''47'''
! rowspan="3" |104
! rowspan="3" |53
|-
![[1969 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
| bgcolor="chili" |38
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''43'''
|4
|17
|-
![[1972 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''66'''
| bgcolor="chili" |24
|3
|11
|-
![[1977 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| bgcolor="chili" |17
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''58'''
|2
|40
! rowspan="10" |117
! rowspan="10" |59
|-
![[1980 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''63'''
| bgcolor="chili" |37
|1
|2
|14
|-
![[1985 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| bgcolor="chili" |32
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''73'''
|6
|4
|2
|-
![[1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1992]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''87'''
|3
|6
|4
| bgcolor="chili" |20
|-
![[1997 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1997]]
| bgcolor="chili" |14
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''75'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''18'''
|6
|4
|-
![[2002 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2002]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''62'''
| bgcolor="chili" |41
|3
|9
|2
|-
![[2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2007]]
| bgcolor="chili" |44
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''49'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''19'''
|5
|0
|-
![[2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
| bgcolor="chili" |46
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''56'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''12'''
|3
|0
|-
![[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''77'''
|15
| bgcolor="chili" |20
|3
|0
|2
|-
![[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| bgcolor="chili" |'''18'''
|3
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |92
|2
|1
|1
|}
* ^ - Party didn't contest election
* ~ - Party didn't exist
* - Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
* - Red color box indicates the official opposition party

== List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies ==
{{transcluded section|source=History of Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
{{#section:History of Punjab Legislative Assembly|List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies}}

== See also ==
* [[PEPSU]]
* [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
* [[Elections in Punjab, India|Elections in Punjab]]
* [[List of governors of Punjab (India)]]
* [[List of constituencies of Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
* [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India]]
* [[List of speakers of the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
* [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web |title=Record of all Punjab Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/86-punjab/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=14 March 2022}}

{{portalbar|India|Politics}}
{{Punjab Legislative Assembly|state=expanded}}
{{Legislatures of India}}
{{Current Indian assemblies}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Punjab Legislative Assembly| ]]
[[Category:Unicameral legislatures]]