View source for Pudu

{{Short description|Genus of small South American deer}}
{{For|the district in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia|Pudu, Kuala Lumpur}}
{{For|the 15th day of the Ghost Festival|Ghost Festival}}
{{Distinguish|Kudu}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = [[Pleistocene]] – recent
| image = Southern Pudu, Edinburgh Zoo.jpg
| image_caption = Southern pudu (''P. puda'')
| image2 =
| image2_caption = Northern pudu (''P. mephistophiles'')
| taxon = Pudu
| authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1852
| type_species = ''[[Southern pudu|Capra puda]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Juan Ignacio Molina|Molina]], 1782
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = ''[[Pudu puda]]'' ([[Juan Ignacio Molina|Molina]], 1782)<ref>{{cite book|last1=Molina|first1=Giovanni Ignazio|title=Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chili|date=1782|publisher=S. Tommaso d'Aquino|location=Bologna|pages=308–309|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41028103|chapter=Il Pudu, ''Capra Puda''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Molina|first1=J. Ignatius|title=The Geographical, Natural, and Civil History of Chili|date=1809|publisher=Longman|page=[https://archive.org/details/geographicalnat00unkngoog/page/n280 256]|url=https://archive.org/details/geographicalnat00unkngoog}}</ref><br/>''[[Pudu mephistophiles]]'' (de Winton, 1896)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=de Winton|first1=W. E.|title=On some Mammals from Ecuador|journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London|date=1896|volume=64|issue=2|pages=508–512|doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.1896.tb03055.x|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31032112}}</ref>
| range_map = Pudu_puda_Range.png
| range_map_caption = Geographic range of ''Pudu puda''
| range_map2 = Pudu mephistophiles map.png
| range_map2_caption = Geographic range of ''Pudu mephistophiles''
| synonyms = ''Pudua'' <small>Garrod, 1877</small><br/>
''Pudella'' <small>Thomas, 1913</small>
}}

The '''pudus''' ([[Mapudungun language|Mapudungun]] ''püdü'' or ''püdu'',<ref>{{Cite book|title=Diccionario Mapuche: Mapudungun/Español, Español/Mapudungun |language=es |edition=2nd |year=2006 |editor=Muñoz Urrutia, Rafael |publisher=Editorial Centro Gráfico Ltda. |location=Santiago, Chile |isbn=956-8287-99-X |page=184 }}</ref> {{langx|es|'''pudú'''}}, {{IPA|es|puˈðu}}) are two species of [[South American]] deer from the genus '''''Pudu''''', and are the world's smallest [[deer]].<ref name="Animal Planet">{{Cite web|url=http://animal.discovery.com/guides/mammals/habitat/tempforest/southpudu.html|title=Southern Pudu|year=2009|publisher=Animal Planet|access-date=19 September 2009}}</ref> The [[Chevrotain|chevrotains]] (mouse-deer; Tragulidae) are smaller, but they are not true deer. The name is a [[loanword]] from [[Mapudungun]], the language of the indigenous [[Mapuche]] people of central Chile and south-western Argentina.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu" /> The two species of pudus are the '''[[northern pudu]]''' (''Pudu mephistophiles'') from [[Venezuela]], [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]], and [[Peru]], and the '''[[southern pudu]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Pudu_puda.html |title=Southern Pudu |access-date=2009-09-17 |last=Huffman |first=Brent |year=2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090406033808/http://www.ultimateungulate.com/Artiodactyla/Pudu_puda.html |archive-date=2009-04-06 }}</ref>''' (''Pudu puda''; sometimes incorrectly modified to ''Pudu pudu''<ref>{{cite journal|author=Hershkovitz, Philip|author-link=Philip Hershkovitz|year=1982|title=Neotropical deer (Cervidae) : Part I. Pudus, genus Pudu Gray|pages= 60–61|journal= Fieldiana Zoology New Series|volume=11}}</ref>) from southern [[Chile]] and south-western [[Argentina]].<ref name="msw3">{{MSW3 Grubb|id=14200324}}</ref> Pudus range in size from {{convert|32|to|44|cm|sp=us}} tall, and up to {{convert|85|cm|sp=us}} long.<ref name="cites.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.cites.org/eng/resources/ID/fauna/Volume1/A-119.006.014.002%20Pudu%20pudu_E.pdf |title=''Pudu pudu'' |last=Schürer |first=Ulrich |year=1986 |publisher=Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora |access-date=17 September 2009 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The southern pudu is classified as near threatened,<ref name="iucn">{{cite iucn |author=Silva-Rodríguez, E. |author2=Pastore, H. |author3=Jiménez, J. |date=2016 |title=''Pudu puda'' |volume=2016 |article-number=e.T18848A22164089 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18848A22164089.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> while the northern pudu is classified as Data Deficient in the [[IUCN Red List]].<ref name="iucn1">{{cite iucn |author=Barrio, J. |author2=Tirira, D.G. |year=2019 |title=''Pudu mephistophiles'' |volume=2019 |article-number=e.T18847A22163836 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18847A22163836.en |access-date=27 December 2025}}</ref>

==Taxonomy==
The genus ''Pudu'' was first erected by English naturalist [[John Edward Gray]] in 1850. ''Pudua'' was a Latinized version of the name proposed by [[Alfred Henry Garrod]] in 1877, but was ruled invalid. Pudus are classified in the New World deer subfamily [[Capreolinae]] within the deer family [[Cervidae]]. The term "pudú" itself is derived from the language of the [[Mapuche]] people of the [[Los Lagos Region]] of south-central Chile.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu"/> Because they live on the slopes of the [[Andes]] Mountain Range, they are also known as the "Chilean mountain goat".<ref name="elavellano-lodge.com"/>

Two similar species of pudús are recognised:
{{Species table |genus= Pudu |authority-name=[[John Edward Gray|Gray]]|authority-year= 1852 |species-count=two|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Southern pudú |binomial=[[Pudu puda]]
|image=File:Pudupuda male Lliuco Jan05 2-PhotoJimenez.JPG|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Molina|authority-year=1782 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Southern [[Andes]] of [[Chile]] and [[Argentina]]
|range-image=File:Pudu puda Range.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=Slightly larger than its sister species, being {{convert|35|to|45|cm|in|abbr=on}} tall at the shoulder and weighing {{convert|6.4|to|13.4|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Geist" /> The antlers of the southern pudú grow to be {{convert|5.3|to|9|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} long and tend to curve back, somewhat like a [[mountain goat]]. Its coat is a dark chestnut-brown, and tends to tuft in the front, covering the antlers.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.endangeredspecieshandbook.org/forest_south.php |title=Forest South America |access-date=20 September 2009 |work=Animal Welfare Institute |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218225808/http://www.endangeredspecieshandbook.org/forest_south.php |archive-date=2009-02-18 }}</ref>
|habitat=It is found at lower elevations than its sister species, from [[sea level]] to {{convert|2000|m|ft|abbr=on}}.
|hunting=
|iucn-status= LC
|population=
|direction=Decreasing
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Northern pudú |binomial=[[Pudu mephistophiles]]
|image=|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=de Winton|authority-year=1896 |authority-not-original=yes
|range=  Andes of Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and Ecuador
|range-image=File:Pudu mephistophiles map.png
|range-image-size=180px
|size=The smallest species of deer in the world, being {{convert|32|to|35|cm|in|abbr=on}} tall at the shoulder and weighs {{convert|3.3|to|6|kg|lb|1|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Geist">{{Cite book| last = Geist | first = Valerius | title = Deer of the World: Their Evolution, Behaviour, and Ecology | publisher = Stackpole Books |date = September 1998| pages = 119–121 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=bcWZX-IMEVkC&q=pudu+deer+behavior&pg=PA119 | isbn = 978-0-8117-0496-0}}</ref> The antlers of the northern pudú grow to about {{convert|6|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} long, also curving backward. Its coat tends to be lighter than that of the southern pudú, but the face is darker compared to the coat.<ref name="Geist" /> 
|habitat=It is found at higher altitudes than its sister species, from {{convert|2000|to|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}} above [[sea level]].
|hunting=
|iucn-status=DD
|population=
|direction=Decreasing
|subspecies=
}}
{{Species table/end}}

==Description==
The pudus are the world's smallest deer, with the southern pudu being slightly larger than the northern pudu.<ref name="Animal Planet"/> It has a stocky frame supported by short and slender legs. It is {{convert|32|to|44|cm|abbr=on}} high at the shoulder and up to {{convert|85|cm|abbr=on}} in length. Pudus normally weigh up to {{convert|12|kg|abbr=on}},<ref name="cites.org"/> but the highest recorded weight of a pudu is {{convert|13.4|kg|abbr=on}}.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://placentation.ucsd.edu/pudu.html|title=Chilean (Southern) Pudu|last=Benirschke|first=Kurt|year=2004|publisher=University of California, San Diego|access-date=17 September 2009}}</ref> Pudus have small, black eyes,<ref name="Animal Planet"/> black noses, and rounded ears with lengths of {{convert|7.5|to|8|cm|abbr=on}}. [[Sexual dimorphism]] in the species includes an absence of [[antlers]] in females. Males have short, spiked antlers that are not forked, as seen in most species of deer. The antlers, which are shed annually,<ref name="Bristol Zoo">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bristolzoo.org.uk/learning/animals/mammals/pudu|title=Southern Pudu|publisher=Bristol Zoo|access-date=19 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090530081330/http://www.bristolzoo.org.uk/learning/animals/mammals/pudu|archive-date=30 May 2009}}</ref> can extend from {{convert|6.5|to|7.5|cm|abbr=on}} in length and protrude from between the ears.<ref name="cites.org"/> Also on the head are large [[preorbital gland]]s. Pudus have small [[hoof|hooves]], [[dewclaw]]s, and short tails about {{convert|4.0|to|4.5|cm|abbr=on}} in length when measured without hair. Coat coloration varies with season, sex, and individual genes. The fur is long and stiff, typically pressed close to the body, with a reddish-brown to dark-brown hue.<ref name=Meyer2007>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Meyer W, Seegers U, Bock M |year=2007 |title=Annual secretional activity of the skin glands in the Southern pudu (''Pudu puda'' Molina 1782, Cervidae) |journal=Mammalian Biology |volume=73 |issue= 5|pages=392–95 |doi=10.1016/j.mambio.2007.10.006}}</ref> The neck and shoulders of an aged pudu turn a dark gray-brown in the winter.<ref name="cites.org"/>

==Habitat and distribution==
[[File:Pudu puda 01.jpg|thumb|right|Male southern pudú; [[Los Lagos Region]]]]

The pudú inhabits [[temperate rainforests]] in South America, where the dense underbrush and bamboo thickets offer protection from predators.<ref name="SouthernPuduIOLOE">{{Cite web|url=http://www.arkive.org/southern-pudu/pudu-puda/facts-and-status.html|title=Southern Pudu|work=Environment Agency – Abu Dhabi|publisher=Arkive – Images of Life on Earth|access-date=19 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202125245/http://www.arkive.org/southern-pudu/pudu-puda/facts-and-status.html|archive-date=2009-02-02}}</ref> Southern Chile, south-west Argentina, [[Chiloé Island]], and northwest South America are home to the deer.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu"/><ref name="cites.org"/> The northern pudú is found in the northern Andes of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru, from {{convert|2000|to|4000|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. The southern species is found in the slope of the southern Andes from sea level to {{convert|2000|m|ft|abbr=on}}.

The climate of the pudú's habitat is composed of two main seasons: a damp, moderate winter and an arid summer. Annual precipitation in these areas of Argentina and Chile ranges from {{convert|2|to|4|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu" />

==Behavior==

===Social===
The pudú is a solitary animal whose behavior in the wild is largely unknown because of its secretive nature.<ref name="Frontier Patagonia">{{Cite web|title=The Wildlife of Northern Patagonia|publisher=Frontier Patagonia|url=http://frontierpatagonia.com/FrontierPatagonia/Wildlife.htm|access-date=20 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216041013/http://frontierpatagonia.com/FrontierPatagonia/Wildlife.htm|archive-date=16 December 2010}}</ref> Pudús are [[crepuscular]], most active in the morning, late afternoon, and evening. Their home range generally extends about {{convert|16|to|25|ha|acres|abbr=on}}, much of which consists of crisscrossing pudú-trodden paths. Each pudú has its own home range, or [[territory (animal)|territory]].<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Pudu_puda.html|title=Pudu Puda|last=Pollard|first=Sarah|work=University of Michigan|publisher=Museum of Zoology|access-date=17 September 2009}}</ref> A single animal's territory is marked with sizable [[feces|dung]] piles found on paths and near eating and resting areas. Large facial glands for scent communication allow correspondence with other pudú deer.<ref name="Bristol Zoo"/> Pudús do not interact socially, other than to [[mating|mate]].<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu" /> An easily frightened animal, the deer barks when in fear.<ref name="elavellano-lodge.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.elavellano-lodge.com/wildlife-fauna-observation-tours-patagonia-rainforest-ecotourism-chile.php |title=Fauna of Patagonia: rainforest fauna – Chile |publisher=Elavellano Lodge |access-date=19 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080515234216/http://www.elavellano-lodge.com/wildlife-fauna-observation-tours-patagonia-rainforest-ecotourism-chile.php |archive-date=May 15, 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Brevard Zoo">{{Cite web|title=Southern Pudu|publisher=Brevard Zoo|year=2009|url=http://www.brevardzoo.org/explore_australasia.php?id=164|access-date=19 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122202331/http://brevardzoo.org/explore_australasia.php?id=164|archive-date=22 January 2009}}</ref> Its fur bristles and the pudú shivers when angered.<ref name="elavellano-lodge.com"/>

Predators of the pudús include the [[horned owl]], [[Culpeo|Andean fox]], [[Gray fox|Magellan fox]], [[cougar]], and smaller cats. The pudú is a wary animal that moves slowly and stops often, smelling the air for scents of predators. Being a proficient climber, jumper, and sprinter, the deer flees in a zigzag path when being pursued.<ref name="nypost.com">{{Cite news|title=Meet the World's Smallest Deer |last=Williams|first=Jasmin |newspaper=New York Post |date=22 May 2008 |url=http://www.nypost.com/p/classroom_extra/meet_the_world_smallest_deer_iYvey68QMn6kEW0peQbleJ |access-date=17 September 2009 }}</ref> The lifespan of the pudús ranges from 8 to 10&nbsp;years in the wild.<ref name="Brevard Zoo"/> The longest recorded lifespan is 15&nbsp;years and 9&nbsp;months. However, such longevity is rare and most pudús die at a much younger age, from a wide range of causes. Maternal neglect of newborns, as well as a wide range of diseases, can decrease the population.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu"/> A popular rumor is that if alarmed to a high degree, pudús die from fear-induced [[cardiac]] complications.<ref name="elavellano-lodge.com"/>

===Diet===
The pudús are [[herbivore|herbivorous]],<ref name="elavellano-lodge.com"/> consuming vines, leaves from low trees, shrubs, succulent sprouts, herbs, ferns, blossoms, buds, tree bark, and fallen fruit.<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu"/><ref name="Chester Zoo">{{Cite web|title=Pudu|publisher=Chester Zoo|year=2009|url=http://www.chesterzoo.org/AnimalsandPlants/Mammals/HoofedAnimals/Pudu.aspx|access-date=19 September 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080419041805/http://www.chesterzoo.org/AnimalsandPlants/Mammals/HoofedAnimals/Pudu.aspx |archive-date = April 19, 2008}}</ref><ref name="LA Zoo">{{Cite web|title=Southern Pudu |publisher=Los Angeles Zoo |url=http://www.lazoo.org/animals/mammals/southernpudu/index.html |access-date=19 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411124728/http://www.lazoo.org/animals/mammals/southernpudu/index.html |archive-date=April 11, 2009 }}</ref> They can survive without drinking water for long periods due to the high water content of the succulent foliage in their diets.<ref name="Animal Planet"/>

Pudús have various methods of obtaining the foliage they need. Their small stature and cautious nature create obstacles in attaining food.<ref name="LA Zoo"/> They stop often while searching for food to stand on their hind legs and smell the wind, detecting food scents.<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu"/><ref name="nypost.com"/> Females and fawns peel bark from saplings using their teeth, but mature males may use their spikelike antlers. The deer may use their front legs to press down on saplings until they snap or become low enough to the ground so they can reach the leaves. Forced to stand on their hind legs due to their small size, the deer climb branches and tree stumps to reach higher foliage.<ref name="Bristol Zoo"/> They bend bamboo shoots horizontally in order to walk on them and eat from higher branches.<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu"/>

===Reproduction===
[[File:Pudu puda 02.jpg|thumb|left|Pudú fawn at a rehabilitation center, [[Llanquihue Province]]]]
[[File:Pudu pudu AB.jpg|thumb|right|Small pudú]]
Pudús are solitary and only come together for [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rut]]. Mating season is in the Southern Hemisphere autumn, from April to May.<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/> Pudú DNA is arranged into 70 [[chromosomes]].<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu" /> To mate, the pudú male rests his chin on the female's back, then sniffs her rear before mounting her from behind, holding her with his fore legs.<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu" /> The [[gestation period]] ranges from 202 to 223&nbsp;days (around 7&nbsp;months) with the average being 210&nbsp;days.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu" /> A single offspring or sometimes twins are born in austral spring, from November to January.<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/><ref name="Brevard Zoo" /> Newborns weigh {{convert|700|to|1000|g|oz|abbr=on}} with the average birth weight being {{convert|890|g|oz|abbr=on}}.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu" /><ref name="cites.org" /> Newborns less than {{convert|600|g|abbr=on}} or more than {{convert|1000|g|abbr=on}} die. Females and males weigh the same at birth.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu" /> Fawns have reddish-brown fur and southern pudú fawns have white spots running the length of their backs.<ref name="cites.org" /> Young are weaned after 2&nbsp;months. Females mature sexually in 6&nbsp;months, while males mature in 8–12&nbsp;months.<ref name="Bristol Zoo" /> Fawns are fully grown in 3&nbsp;months, but may stay with their mothers for 8 to 12&nbsp;months.<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/>

==Status and conservation==

The southern pudu is currently listed as near threatened on the [[IUCN Red List]],<ref name=iucn/> mainly because of overhunting and habitat loss, while the northern pudu is currently classified as being 'Data deficient'.<ref name=iucn1/> ''Pudu puda'' is listed in [[CITES]] Appendix I, and ''Pudu mephistophiles'' is listed in CITES Appendix II.<ref>[http://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.shtml CITES Appendix I, II, and III]</ref> The southern species is more easily maintained in captivity than the northern, though small populations of the northern formerly existed in zoos.<ref name="placentation.ucsd.edu" /> {{as of|2010}}, more than 100 southern pudús are kept at [[International Species Information System|Species360]]-registered institutions with the vast majority in [[List of zoos#Europe|European]] and [[List of zoos in the United States|US zoos]].<ref>[[International Species Information System|Species360]] (2010) ''[https://app.isis.org/abstracts/Abs77815.asp Pudu puda.]'' Version 27 October 2010</ref> Pudús are difficult to transport because they are easily overheated and stressed.<ref name="cites.org" /> Pudús are protected in various national parks; parks require resources to enforce protection of the deer.<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/>

[[File:Bristol.zoo.southern.pudu.arp.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=A small deer standing in grass in an open grassed pen in a zoo|Southern pudú in captivity at [[Bristol Zoo]]]]

Efforts to preserve the pudú species are being taken in order to prevent extinction. An international captive-breeding program for the southern pudú led by [[Universidad de Concepcion]] in Chile has been started.<ref name="Bristol Zoo" /><ref name= "iucn" /> Some deer have been bred in captivity and reintroduced into [[Nahuel Huapi National Park]] in Argentina.<ref name="cites.org" /> Reintroduction efforts include the use of [[tracking collar|radio collars]] for tracking.<ref name="Chilean Pudu">{{Cite web|url=http://www.mnzoo.com/animals/animals_pudu.asp|title=Chilean Pudu|year=2009|publisher=Minnesota Zoo|access-date=17 September 2009}}</ref> The [[Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species]] has banned the international trading of pudús.<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/> The [[Wildlife Conservation Society]] protects their natural habitat and works to recreate it for pudús in captivity.<ref name="nypost.com"/> Despite efforts made by the [[World Wildlife Fund]], the size of the pudú population remains unknown.<ref name="animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu" /> Threats to the pudús remain despite various conservation efforts.<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/>

===Threats===
Pudús are threatened due to the [[habitat destruction|destruction]] of their rainforest habitat. The land is cleared for human development, cattle ranching, agriculture, logging, and exotic tree plantations.<ref name="Animal Planet" /><ref name="Bristol Zoo" /><ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/>
[[Habitat fragmentation]] and road accidents cause pudú deaths. They are taken from the wild as pets, as well as exported illegally.<ref name="cites.org" /><ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/>
They are overhunted and killed for food by specially trained hunting dogs.<ref name="Animal Planet" /><ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/><ref name="Chilean Pudu" />
The recently [[Introduced species|introduced]] [[red deer]] compete with pudús for food. Domestic dogs prey upon pudús and transfer [[parasite]]s through contact. Pudús are very susceptible to diseases such as bladder worms, [[lungworm]]s, [[roundworm]]s, and [[heartworms]].<ref name=SouthernPuduIOLOE/><ref name="nypost.com" />

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Commons category|Pudu}}

{{Artiodactyla|R.1}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q848656}}
{{Good article}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pudu}}
[[Category:Capreolinae]]
[[Category:Mammals of Argentina]]
[[Category:Mammals of Chile]]
[[Category:Mammals of Colombia]]
[[Category:Mammals of Ecuador]]
[[Category:Mammals of Peru]]
[[Category:Mammals of Venezuela]]
[[Category:Taxa named by John Edward Gray]]
[[Category:Mammal genera]]
<!-- [[Category:Mammal genera]] moved to "Pudu (genus)" redirect -->