View source for Prussian T 16.1

{{more footnotes|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox locomotive
| name             = Prussia, Alsace-Lorraine T 16.1 <br/>DRG Class 94.5–17<br/>DB Class 094, DR Class 94.1<br/>ÖBB Class 694<br/>PKP Class TKw1/TKw2<br/>SNCF 050 TA/TB<br/> SNCB Type 98 (36/53)
| bgcolor          = 000000
| color            = FFFFFF
| image            = Tenderlok_Baureihe_094.jpg
| builder          = {{ubl|[[Berliner Maschinenbau|BMAG]]|[[Elsässische Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft Grafenstaden|Grafenstaden]]|[[Hanomag]]|[[Linke-Hofmann|Linke]]| [[Henschel & Sohn]]}}
| builddate        = 1913–1924
| totalproduction  = 1,242
| whytetype        = [[0-10-0T]]
| DRGtype          = Gt 55.17
| gauge            = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| driverdiameter   = {{convert|1,350|mm|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| over bufferbeams = {{convert|12,660|mm|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}}
| axleload         = {{convert|17.0|t|abbr=on}}
| serviceweight    = {{convert|84.9|t|abbr=on}}
| weightondrivers  = 8{{convert|4.9|t|abbr=on}}
| tendertype       = 
| fuelcap          = [[Coal]] {{convert|3.4|t|abbr=on}}
| watercap         = {{convert|8000|L}}
| boilerpressure   = {{convert|12|bar|kPa psi|abbr=on}}
| fireboxarea      = {{convert|2.30|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| radiativearea    = {{convert|11.7|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| evaporativearea  = {{convert|129.36|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| superheaterarea  = {{convert|45.27|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount    = 2
| cylindersize     = {{convert|610|mm|in|frac=16|abbr=on}}
| pistonstroke     = {{convert|660|mm|in|frac=16|abbr=on}}
| valvegear        = outside [[Walschaerts valve gear|Walschaerts]] (''Heusinger'') with [[Kuhn slide]]
| trainheating     = steam
| locobrakes       = automatic, single-stage [[Railway air brake|compressed-air brake]]
| auxbrake         = available
| maxspeed         = {{convert|50|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
| indicatedpower   = {{convert|787|kW|PS hp|abbr=on}}
| fleetnumbers     = DRG 94 502–1740
| retiredate       = 1974
}}
The '''Prussian T 16.1''' locomotives were built for the [[Prussian state railways]] as [[goods train]] [[tank locomotives]] about the time of the [[First World War]]. Six examples were also procured by the [[Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine]]. 

==History==
Including follow-on orders by the [[Deutsche Reichsbahn]], a total of 1,242 locomotives were delivered between 1913 and 1924. They were later redesignated as '''DRG Class 94.5–17''' by the DRG in their [[DRG renumbering plan for steam locomotives|renumbering plan]] and were given the numbers 94 502–1380 and 94 1501–1740. Three of the T&nbsp;16.1 engines belonging to the [[Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine]] remained in [[Germany]] and were given numbers 94 1378–1380.

As part of the [[World War I reparations|reparations]] required of Germany after the First World War, 36 went to Belgium (36/53 '''SNCB Type 98'''), 21 to the ''[[Chemin de fer du Nord]]'' (5.505 to 5.525), 19 to the ''[[Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée ]]'' (5816–5828, later 5.AT.16 to 5.AT.28), four to the Railways of the [[Territory of the Saar Basin|Saarland]] (8101–8104, which went into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1935 as 94&nbsp;1381 to 94&nbsp;1384){{sfnb|Weisbrod|1991|p=45}} and two to Italy ('''FS 897'''). In addition, 37 were given to the [[Polskie Koleje Państwowe|Polish State Railway]], where they were designated the '''TKw1'''. Some of these locomotives were given the Reichsbahn numbers 94 1385–1416 in the [[Second World War]]. After 1945 several former French and Belgian locomotives were left with the [[Deutsche Reichsbahn (GDR)|Deutsche Reichsbahn]] in [[East Germany]] as numbers 94 1801–1810. In addition, in 1950, another T 16.1 from the Halberstadt-Blankenburg Railway was acquired and numbered as 94 6776.

Poland received over 100 locomotives after World War II, and these were classified as '''TKw2'''. 

On the introduction of the new [[DB locomotive classification|DB renumbering scheme]] in 1968 the [[Deutsche Bundesbahn]] locomotives were redesignated as '''Class 094'''; the [[DR locomotive classification|DR renumbering scheme]] of 1970 saw the DR in [[East Germany]] reclassifying its engines as '''Class 94.1'''.

In addition to heavy [[shunting (rail)|shunting]] and line duties the locomotives were also employed on steep lines such as the ''Friedbergbahn'' ([[Suhl]]–[[Schleusingen]]), ''Scheldetalbahn'' ([[Dillenburg]]-Gönnern), ''Rennsteigbahn'' ([[Ilmenau]]–[[Schleusingen]]), the [[Erkrath]]–Hochdahl ramp and the ''Murgtalbahn'' ([[Rastatt]]–[[Freudenstadt]]). For such duties the steam engines were equipped with [[Riggenbach counter-pressure brake|Riggenbach]] [[counter-pressure brakes]]. The great success of this class on [[Grade (slope)|inclines]] made it possible to do away with fiddly and time-consuming [[rack railway]] operations on many [[Grade (slope)|ramps]].

In the Bundesbahn the last examples of this class were retired in 1974. In the Reichsbahn they were withdrawn even later. They were replaced in ramp duties by rebuilt [[diesel locomotive]]s of [[DR Class V 180|Class 118]].

A total of 43 representatives of Class 94.5–17 remained after the Second World War in [[Austria]]. The majority were handed over to the [[Magyar Államvasutak|MÀV]] in [[Hungary]] or [[SŽD]]. The remaining 14 units were retained as '''ÖBB Class 694'''. The locomotives of this class were mainly used in heavy pusher service and retired by 1966 or sold to steel works as industrial locomotives.

==Preserved locomotives==

Several locomotives of this class have been preserved, some of which are still working, including numbers 94 1292 and 94 1538 shown in the photographs.
In Austria the oldest preserved member of the class, 94 503, later renumbered to 694.503 is preserved at the [[ÖGEG]]'s locomotive park at Ampflwang, but still awaiting restoration.

==Gallery==

<gallery>
image:Dampflok-Grimmenthal-2002-09-16.jpg|94 1292 in Grimmenthal
image:94_1538_Bw_Berlin-Sch%C3%B6neweide_12.09.10_.JPG|Dampflokomotive 94 1538 Bw Berlin-Schöneweide
image:TKw2-114_Chab%C3%B3wka_%28Nemo5576%29.jpg|TKw2-114 in Chabówka
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[List of DRG locomotives and railcars]]
* [[List of Prussian locomotives and railbuses]]
* [[List of preserved steam locomotives in Germany]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}

== References ==
*{{Weisbrod-EFA1.5|page=45}}

== Further reading ==
*{{Davies-NordLocoList|p=151}}
*{{Davies-PLMLocoList|p=209}}
*{{cite book |last=Spielhof |first=Lothar |year=1991 |title=Dampflokomotiven: Bahnen in Elsaß-Lothringen |location=Düsseldorf |publisher=Alba |isbn=3-87094-142-1 |language=German |pages=247–249}}
*{{Vandenberghen-SNCB12.2|pages=343–351}}
*{{Weisbrod-EFA1.3|pages=209–211}}

{{Commonscat|Prussian T 16.1}}

{{Prussian locomotives}}
{{FS locos}}
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1913]]
[[Category:0-10-0T locomotives]]
[[Category:Locomotives of Prussia|T 16.1]]
[[Category:Berliner locomotives]]
[[Category:Hanomag locomotives]]
[[Category:Linke-Hofmann locomotives]]
[[Category:Henschel locomotives]]
[[Category:SACM locomotives]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Germany]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Austria]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Poland]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of France]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Belgium]]
[[Category:Standard-gauge locomotives of Italy]]
[[Category:E h2t locomotives]]
[[Category:Freight locomotives]]