View source for Prosecutor-General of Russia

{{Short description|Key figure in the Russian judicial system}}
{{For|procuratior in the [[Russian Empire]]|Procurator (Russia)}}
{{refimprove|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Prosecutor General
| body = the<br /> Russian Federation
| native_name = {{native name|ru|Генеральный Прокурор Российской Федерации}}
| insignia = Emblem of the Office of the Prosecutor General of Russia.svg
| insigniasize = 
| insigniacaption = 
| insigniaalt = 
| flag = 
| flagsize = 
| flagalt = 
| flagborder = 
| flagcaption = 
| image = Igor Krasnov 2024-04-24.jpg
| imagesize = 
| alt = 
| imagecaption = 
| incumbent = [[Igor Krasnov]]
| acting = 
| incumbentsince = 22 January 2020
| department = Office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation
| style = 
| type = [[Public procurator]]
| status = 
| abbreviation = 
| member_of = 
| reports_to = 
| residence = 
| seat = 
| nominator = [[President of Russia]]
| appointer = [[Federation Council (Russia)|Federation Council]]
| appointer_qualified = 
| termlength = Five years
| termlength_qualified = 
| constituting_instrument = 
| precursor = [[Procurator General of the Soviet Union]]
| formation = 28 February 1991
| first = [[Valentin Stepankov]]
| last = 
| abolished = 
| superseded_by = 
| succession = 
| unofficial_names = Attorney General of Russia
| deputy = 
| salary = 
| website = {{url|genproc.gov.ru}} {{in lang|ru}}
| footnotes = 
}}
{{Politics of Russia|expanded=Judiciary}}

The '''Prosecutor General of Russia''' (also [[Attorney General]] of Russia, {{langx|ru|Генеральный прокурор Российской Федерации|Generalʹnyy prokuror Rossiyskoy Federatsii}}) heads the system of official prosecution in courts and heads the Office of the Prosecutor General of the [[Russia|Russian Federation]]. The Prosecutor General remains one of the most powerful component of the [[Judiciary of Russia|Russian judicial system]].{{sfn|Terrill|2009|p=433}}

==Mission==
The Office of the Prosecutor General is entrusted with:
# prosecution in court on behalf of the State;
# representation of the interests of a citizen or of the State in court in cases determined by law;
# supervision of the observance of laws by bodies that conduct detective and search activity, inquiry and pretrial investigation;
# supervision of the observance of laws in the execution of judicial decisions in criminal cases, and also in the application of other measures of coercion related to the restraint of personal liberty of citizens.

The Prosecutor General leads the [[General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation]]. The prosecutor's offices of [[Federal subjects of Russia|subjects of Russian Federation]] are subordinate to the General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation, and the prosecutor's offices of [[City|cities]] and [[raion]]s are subordinate to the prosecutor's offices of subjects of Russian Federation. There are specialized prosecutor's offices (environmental prosecutor's offices, penitentiary prosecutor's offices, transport prosecutor's offices, closed cities prosecutor's offices) which are subordinate to the General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation and have own subordinated prosecutor's offices. Finally, there is the [[Chief Military Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation]] which is subordinated to the General Prosecutor's Office of Russian Federation and have own subordinated military prosecutor's offices (military prosecutor's office of [[Western Military District]], military prosecutor's office of [[Eastern Military District]], military prosecutor's office of [[Southern Military District]], military prosecutor's office of [[Central Military District]], military prosecutor's office of [[Northern Fleet]], military prosecutor's office of [[Baltic Fleet]], military prosecutor's office of [[Black Sea Fleet]], military prosecutor's office of [[Pacific Fleet (Russia)|Pacific Fleet]], military prosecutor's office of [[Strategic Missile Forces]] and Moscow city military prosecutor's office) which in turn have own subordinated military prosecutor's offices ([[garrison]] military prosecutor's offices).

Prosecutors in a broad sense are directly prosecutors (who leads prosecutor's offices), their deputies, senior assistants and junior assistants. All of them are federal government [[official]]s, have [[Prosecutor's ranks in Russian Federation|special ranks]] ({{langx|ru|классные чины}}) and wear special [[uniform]] with [[shoulder mark]]s. Military prosecutors (in a broad sense) are military personnel, have [[military rank]]s of [[Commission (document)|commissioned]] [[Officer (armed forces)|officers]] and wear military [[uniform]] with [[shoulder mark]]s but they are not subordinate to any military authority (excepting higher military prosecutor).

==Appointment==
The Prosecutor General is nominated to the office by the [[President of Russia]] and approved by the majority of [[Federation Council of Russia]] (the [[Upper House]] of the [[Federal Assembly of Russia|Russian Parliament]]). If the nominee is not approved, then the President must nominate another [[candidate]] within 30 days (article 12 of the ''Federal Law about the Office of the Prosecutor General of Russian Federation''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080225224712/http://www.genproc.gov.ru/ru/about/basis/index.shtml?show_item=7]). The term of authority of the Prosecutor General is five years. The resignation of the Prosecutor General before the end of their term should be approved by both the majority of Federation Council of Russia and the President.

==Constitutional independence==
The Prosecutor General and their office are independent from the Executive, Legislative and Judicial [[Separation of powers|branches of government]]. The [[Investigative Committee of Russia]], sometimes described as the "Russian [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]]", is the main federal investigating authority in Russia, formed in place of the Investigative Committee of the Prosecutor General in 2011.

==List of prosecutors general==
{{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes service as [[acting (law)|acting]] prosecutors general prior to appointment or after resignation|border=black}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! rowspan=2| {{abbr|No.|Number}}
! rowspan=2| Portrait
! rowspan=2| Name<br><small>(Born-Died)</small>
! colspan=3| Term of office
! rowspan=2| {{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
! Took office
! Left office
! Time in office
{{Officeholder table
| order             = 1
| image             = RIAN archive 425138 Valentin Stepankov, RSFSR Attorney General.jpg
| officeholder      = [[Valentin Stepankov]]
| born_year         = 1951
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 28 February 1991
| term_end          = 5 October 1993 
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1991|02|28|1993|10|05}}
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = 2
| image             = Alexei Kazannik (cropped).jpg
| officeholder      = [[Alexey Kazannik]]
| born_year         = 1941
| died_year         = 2019
| term_start        = 5 October 1993
| term_end          = 14 March 1994 
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1993|10|05|1994|03|14}}
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = –
| image             = RIAN archive 25966 Prosecutor Ilyushenko.jpg
| officeholder      = {{ill|Aleksey Ilyushenko|ru|Ильюшенко, Алексей Николаевич}}
| born_year         = 1957
| died_year         = 2021
| term_start        = 26 March 1994
| term_end          = 8 October 1995 
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1994|03|26|1995|10|08}}
| acting            = y
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = –
| image             = 
| officeholder      = {{ill|Oleg Gaydanov|ru|Гайданов, Олег Иванович}}
| born_year         = 1945
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 8 October 1995
| term_end          = 24 October 1995 
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1995|10|08|1995|10|24}}
| acting            = y
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = 3
| image             = RIAN archive 21953 Yuri Skuratov.jpg
| officeholder      = [[Yury Skuratov]]
| born_year         = 1952
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 24 October 1995
| term_end          = 2 February 1999 
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1995|10|24|1999|02|02}}
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = –
| image             = Yuriy Chaika.jpg
| officeholder      = [[Yury Chaika]]
| born_year         = 1951
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 2 February 1999 
| term_end          = 6 August 1999
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1999|02|02|1999|08|06}}
| acting            = y
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = –
| image             = RIAN archive 628836 Prosecutor General Vladimir Ustinov.jpg
| officeholder      = [[Vladimir Ustinov]]
| born_year         = 1953
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 6 August 1999
| term_end          = 17 May 2000
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|1999|08|06|2000|05|17}}
| acting            = y
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = 4
| image             = RIAN archive 628836 Prosecutor General Vladimir Ustinov.jpg
| officeholder      = [[Vladimir Ustinov]]
| born_year         = 1953
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 17 May 2000
| term_end          = 2 June 2006
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|2000|05|17|2006|06|02}}
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = 5
| image             = Yuriy Chaika (2017-01-11).jpg
| officeholder      = [[Yury Chaika]]
| born_year         = 1951
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 23 June 2006
| term_end          = 22 January 2020
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|2006|06|23|2020|01|22}}
| ref               = –
}}
{{Officeholder table
| order             = 6
| image             = 11-03-2020 Igor Krasnov.png
| officeholder      = [[Igor Krasnov]]
| born_year         = 1975
| died_year         = 
| term_start        = 22 January 2020
| timeinoffice      = {{ayd|2020|01|22}}
| ref               = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.1tv.ru/news/2020-01-20/379155-vladimir_putin_predlozhil_naznachit_novym_generalnym_prokurorom_zamglavy_skr_igorya_krasnova|title=Владимир Путин предложил назначить новым генеральным прокурором замглавы СКР Игоря Краснова. Новости. Первый канал|via=www.1tv.ru}}</ref> 
}}
|}

==See also==
{{Commons|Commons:RIA_Novosti/Prosecutors}}
* [[Prosecutor General of the USSR]]
* [[Ministry of Justice (Soviet Union)|Ministry of Justice of the USSR]]
* [[List of Justice Ministers of Imperial Russia]]
* [[List of Prosecutors General of Russia]]
* [[Federal Penitentiary Service]]
* [[Crime in Russia]]
*[[Prosecution Service of Russia class rate insignia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book | title= World Criminal Justice Systems: A Survey | first= Richard J. | last= Terrill | publisher= [[Elsevier]] | year= 2009 | edition= 7 | isbn= 978-1-59345-612-2 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=hJaEzC1CBe8C&pg=PA419 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150201134444/http://www.genproc.gov.ru/ Site of The Office of the Prosecutor General]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040722214805/http://genproc.gov.ru/ru/about/history/historiy/index.shtml?tmpl=history_person_list&tmpl=history_person_list&tmpl=history_person_list&&page=1 List of Prosecutors Generals of Imperial Russia, Soviet Union and Russian Federation]


{{Law enforcement agencies of Russia}}
{{Russia topics}}

[[Category:Government of Russia]]
[[Category:Law enforcement in Russia]]
[[Category:Law of Russia]]
[[Category:Prosecution services|Russia]]
[[Category:General Prosecutors of Russia| ]]