View source for Principality of Leyen

{{Short description|Principality (1806–1814)}}
{{One source|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox country
|native_name            = {{native name|de|Fürstentum Leyen}}
|conventional_long_name = Principality of Leyen
|common_name            = Leyen
|era                    = [[Napoleonic Wars]]
|status                 = Client state
|status_text            = [[Client state]] of the [[First French Empire|French Empire]]<br>Member of the [[Confederation of the Rhine]]
|empire                 = First French Empire
|government_type        = [[Principality]]
|year_start             = 1806
|year_end               = 1814
|event_start            = [[County of Adendorf]] raised to [[principality]]
|date_start             = 
|event_end              = [[German Mediatisation|Mediatised]] to [[Austrian Empire|Austria]] by [[Congress of Vienna]]
|date_end               = 
|event_post             = Granted to [[Grand Duchy of Baden|Baden]]
|date_post              = 1819
|p1                     = County of Adendorf
|flag_p1                = Shield of Leyen.svg
|border_p1              = no
|s1                     = Austrian Empire
|flag_s1                = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg
|image_flag             = Flag of the Principality of Leyen (1806-1813).svg
|image_coat             = Coat of Arms of the Principality of Leyen.svg
|image_map              = Geroldseck1812.png
|image_map_caption      = The Principality of Leyen, as shown within the [[Grand Duchy of Baden]]
|capital                = [[Hohengeroldseck]]
|leader1                = [[Philip Francis, Prince of Leyen|Philip Francis]]
|title_leader           = Prince
|footnotes              = 
}}
The '''Principality of Leyen''' was a [[Napoleon I|Napoleonic]] [[Germany|German]] state which existed 1806–1814 in [[Hohengeroldseck]], in the west of modern [[Baden-Württemberg]]. The [[House of Leyen]] had acquired many districts in western Germany, and eventually these were inherited by the Leyen line of [[county of Adendorf|counts at Adendorf]]. In 1797, [[France]] defeated the [[Holy Roman Empire]] and all lands west of the [[Rhine]] were lost. Following the defeat of [[Austria]] in December 1805, most of the smaller German princely states were [[German Mediatisation|mediatized]], with the glaring exception of Leyen, which was spared because the ruling Count was nephew to [[Prince-elector#High offices|Archchancellor]] [[Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg|Karl Theodor von Dalberg]],<ref>Heinrich von Treitschke, ''History of Germany in the Nineteenth Century, Volume 1'', page 270.</ref> a close collaborator of Napoleon's.

In 1806, Count Philip Francis of Adendorf was raised to a Prince, and his lands were renamed to the 'Principality of Leyen'. The territory formed an enclave surrounded by [[Baden]]. [[Philip Francis, Prince of Leyen|Prince Philip Francis]], like many other members of the [[Confederation of the Rhine]] became largely a French puppet, so following Napoleon's defeat at the [[Battle of Leipzig]] in 1813, the [[Congress of Vienna]] opted to mediatize his realm and give it to Austria. In 1819, Austria traded it to [[Baden]].

== Prince of Leyen ==
* [[Philip Francis, Prince of Leyen|Philip Francis]] (1806–14), previously [[county of Adendorf|count of Adendorf]]''

=== Heads of the House after Mediatization ===
[[Image:Baden-1803-1819.png|thumb|right|Map illustrating the growth of the [[Grand Duchy of Baden]], with the Principality of Leyen in grey, mid-left]]

{{Tree list}}
* {{Tree list/final branch}} '''[[Philip Francis, Prince of Leyen|Philip Franz]]''', 1st Prince 1806-1829 (1766-1829)
** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''[[Erwein, 2nd Prince of Leyen|Erwein]]''', 2nd Prince 1829-1879 (1798-1879) 
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''Philip''', 3rd Prince 1879-1882 (1819-1882)
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''Erwein''', 4th Prince 1895-1938 (1863-1938)
*****  '''Erwein''', 5th Prince 1938-1970 (1894-1970)
****** ''Wolfram Erwein, Hereditary Prince of Leyen and zu Hohengeroldseck (1924-1945)''
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} ''Princess Marie-Adelheid (1932-2015)''
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} '''Philipp Erwein''', 7th Prince 1971–present (b.1967)
******** Wolfram, Hereditary Prince of Leyen and zu Hohengeroldseck (b.1990)
********* {{Tree list/final branch}} Prince Roch (b.2018)
******** {{Tree list/final branch}} Prince Georg (b.1992)
********* Prince Leo (b.2016) 
********* {{Tree list/final branch}} Prince Antonius (b.2018)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''Ferdinand''', 6th Prince 1970-1971 (1898-1971)
{{Tree list/end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Client states of the Great French War}}
{{States of the Confederation of the Rhine}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Leyen, Principality}}
[[Category:Lists of princes]]
[[Category:Former states and territories of Baden-Württemberg]]
[[Category:1806 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:1814 disestablishments in Europe]]
[[Category:19th century in Germany by state]]
[[Category:States of the Confederation of the Rhine]]