View source for Princess Ludovika of Bavaria

{{Infobox royalty
| name        = Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
| title       = [[Duke in Bavaria|Duchess in Bavaria]]
| birth_name  = 
| image       = Joseph Karl Stieler (attribuito) - Portrait of Ludovica Princess of Bavaria, Duchess in Bavaria.jpg
| caption = Portrait, 1830s
| spouse      = {{marriage|[[Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria]]|1828|1888|end=d.}}
| issue       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Duke Ludwig Wilhelm in Bavaria (1831–1920)|Ludwig Wilhelm, Duke in Bavaria]]
* Wilhelm Karl, Duke in Bavaria
* [[Duchess Helene in Bavaria|Helene, Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis]]
* [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria|Elisabeth, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary]]
* [[Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria]]
* [[Maria Sophie of Bavaria|Marie Sophie, Queen of the Two Sicilies]]
* [[Duchess Mathilde Ludovika in Bavaria|Mathilde Ludovika, Countess of Trani]]
* Maximilian, Duke in Bavaria
* [[Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria|Sophie Charlotte, Duchess of Alençon]]
* [[Duke Maximilian Emanuel in Bavaria|Maximilian Emanuel, Duke in Bavaria]]
}}
| full name   = Maria Ludovika Wilhelmine
| house       = [[House of Wittelsbach|Wittelsbach]]
| father      = [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria|Maximilian I Joseph, King of Bavaria]]
| mother      = [[Caroline of Baden]]
| birth_date  = {{Birth date|1808|8|30|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Munich]], [[Kingdom of Bavaria]]
| death_date  = {{Death date and age|1892|1|25|1808|8|30|df=y}}
| death_place = Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, [[German Empire]]
}}
'''Princess Ludovika of Bavaria''' (Maria Ludovika Wilhelmine; 30 August 1808 – 25 January 1892) was the fifth child of King [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria]] and his second wife [[Caroline of Baden|Queen Caroline]]. She was the mother of [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]] and was born and died in [[Munich]].

== Early years ==
Maria Ludovika Wilhelmine was born to King [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria]] and [[Caroline of Baden]] as their sixth child. The birth of Ludovika was known to be difficult.{{CN|date=April 2023}} Ludovika was christened one day after her birth as Ludovika Wilhelmine. 

Ludovika and her sisters received many lessons in literature as well as geography and history. They spoke both German and French.{{sfn|Sepp|2021|p=69}}

== Marriage ==
[[File:Engagement portrait of Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Portrait of Princess Ludovika of Bavaria and [[Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria]] by [[Joseph Karl Stieler]], 1828]]
Ludovika married [[Maximilian Joseph, Duke in Bavaria|Maximilian Joseph]], [[Duke in Bavaria]], whose father [[Duke Pius August in Bavaria]] was her cousin, on 9 September 1828 in [[Tegernsee]]. Ludovika was always frustrated that, unlike her elder sisters who married kings and Archdukes, she would not be marrying someone with a grand title, but rather a peculiar and childish duke who had a fondness for circuses. Ludovika was determined to create dynastic marriages for her daughters. According to her granddaughter:<blockquote>The marriage of my grandparents was, like most of the family's matrimonial ventures, somewhat of a failure. [...] My grandparents walks unattended down the corridor which led to their bridal chamber, and my grandmother's aversion to her husband suddenly became so acute that she decided she could not and would not allow him to share her room that night. A happy thought seized her as they passed one of the half-open doors; the bride expressed some curiosity to know what was inside, so the bridegroom obligingly went to investigate, and, once inside, my grandmother locked him in, put the key in her pocket, and ran away. [...] After this black beginning of their married life, it is hardly surprising that my grandparents were not on the best of terms, and during the last years of their life, although they lived under the same roof, they rarely met.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Larisch |first=Marie |title=My Past |publisher=Eveleigh Nash |year=1913 |location=London |pages=150}}</ref></blockquote>


She and her husband had ten children, including [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria]] and [[Maria Sophie of Bavaria|Queen Maria Sofia of the Two Sicilies]].<ref>See the biography of her son Karl-Theodor: Sexau, Richard. ''Fürst und Arzt, Dr. med. Herzog Carl Theodor in Bayern: Shicksal zwischen Wittelsbach und Habsburg''. Graz: Verlag Styria, 1963.</ref>

Maximilian was mostly away from home; due to this, Ludovika wrote that she spent their first wedding anniversary alone and wept. In 1830, Ludovika found herself pregnant with their first child. On 21 June 1831, she gave birth to a son whom they named Ludwig Wilhelm.

==Issue==

She had a total of 10 children.

[[File: Princess Ludovika of Bavaria and her family.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Princess Ludovika with her family in 1890]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width="20%"|Children!! width="15%"|Birth!! width="15%"|Death!! width="45%"|Notes
|-
|[[Duke Ludwig Wilhelm in Bavaria (1831–1920)|Ludwig Wilhelm, Duke in Bavaria]] || 21 June 1831 || {{death date and age|1920|11|6|1831|6|21|df=y}} || Married [[Henriette Mendel|Henriette, Freiin von Wallersee]] ([[Morganatic marriage|morganatically]]) on 28 May 1859. They had two children. 
|- 
| Wilhelm Karl, Duke in Bavaria || 24 December 1832 || {{death date and age|1833|2|13|1832|12|24|df=y}} || Died in infancy at seven weeks old. 
|-
| [[Duchess Helene in Bavaria|Helene Caroline Therese, Duchess in Bavaria]] || 4 April 1834 || {{death date and age|1890|5|16|1834|4|4|df=y}} || Married [[Maximilian Anton Lamoral, Hereditary Prince of Thurn and Taxis]] on 24 August 1858. They had four children. 
|-
| [[Empress Elisabeth of Austria|Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, Duchess in Bavaria]] || 24 December 1837 || {{death date and age|1898|9|10|1837|12|24|df=y}} || Married [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]] on 24 April 1854. They had four children.
|-
| [[Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria]] || 9 August 1839 || {{death date and age|1909|11|30|1839|8|9|df=y}} || Married [[Princess Sophie of Saxony|Sophie of Saxony]] on 11 February 1865. They had one daughter. Karl Theodor remarried [[Maria Josepha of Portugal]] on 29 April 1874. They had five children.
|-
| [[Maria Sophie of Bavaria|Marie Sophie Amalie, Duchess in Bavaria]] || 4 October 1841 || {{death date and age|1925|1|19|1841|10|4|df=y}} || Married [[Francis II of the Two Sicilies]] on 3 February 1859. They had one daughter. 
|- 
| [[Duchess Mathilde Ludovika in Bavaria|Mathilde Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria]] || 30 September 1843 || {{death date and age|1925|6|18|1843|9|30|df=y}} || Married [[Lodovico, Count of Trani]] on 5 June 1861. They had one daughter. 
|-
| Maximilian, Duke in Bavaria || 8 December 1845 || {{death date and age|1845|12|8|1845|12|8|df=y}} || Stillborn. 
|-
| [[Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria|Sophie Charlotte Augustine, Duchess in Bavaria]] || 23 February 1847 || {{death date and age|1897|5|4|1847|2|23|df=y}} || Married [[Ferdinand Philippe Marie, duc d'Alençon]] on 28 September 1868. They had two children. 
|-
| [[Duke Maximilian Emanuel in Bavaria]] || 7 December 1849 || {{death date and age|1893|6|12|1849|12|7|df=y}} || Married [[Princess Amalie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] on 20 September 1875. They had three sons. 
|}

==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
| boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc;
| boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9;
| boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc;
| boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc;
| boxstyle_5 = background-color: #9fe;
| 1 = 1. '''Princess Ludovika of Bavaria'''
| 2 = 2. [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria]]
| 3 = 3. [[Caroline of Baden|Princess Caroline of Baden]]
| 4 = 4. [[Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken]]
| 5 = 5. [[Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach]]
| 6 = 6. [[Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden]]
| 7 = 7. [[Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt]]
| 8 = 8. [[Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken]]
| 9 = 9. [[Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken]]
| 10 = 10. [[Joseph Charles, Hereditary Prince of Sulzbach]]
| 11 = 11. [[Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste Sofie of Neuburg]]
| 12 = 12. [[Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden]]
| 13 = 13. [[Princess Caroline Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt]]
| 14 = 14. [[Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt]]
| 15 = 15. [[Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken]]
}}

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist|1=20em}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin|30em}}
* {{ Cite book | first=Christian | last=Sepp | title=Ludovika. Sisi Mutter und ihr Jahrhundert | trans-title=Ludovika. Sisi's mother and her century | publisher=August Dreesbach Verlag | location=[[Munich]] | year=2021 | edition=2nd | isbn=978-3-96395-026-1 | language=de }}
* {{ Cite book | first1=Hermann | last1=von Witzleben | first2=Ilka | last2=von Vignau | title=Die Herzöge in Bayern. Von der Pfalz zum Tegernsee | trans-title=The dukes in Bavaria. From the Palatinate to Tegernsee | location=[[Munich]] | date=1976 | isbn=3-7913-0394-5 | language=de }}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* {{commons-inline}}

{{Bavarian princesses by birth}}
{{Duchesses in Bavaria by marriage}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ludovika Of Bavaria, Princess}}
[[Category:1808 births]]
[[Category:1892 deaths]]
[[Category:Bavarian princesses]]
[[Category:Duchesses in Bavaria]]
[[Category:House of Wittelsbach]]
[[Category:Nobility from Munich]]
[[Category:19th-century German people]]
[[Category:19th-century German women]]
[[Category:Daughters of kings]]
[[Category:Daughters of dukes]]
[[Category:Daughters of prince-electors]]