View source for Port of Shanghai

{{Short description|Port in Shanghai, China}}
{{redirect|Shanghai Port|Chinese association football club|Shanghai Port F.C.}}
{{Update|Some sources are unavailable, lots of errors and poorly written sentences.|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox port
| name = Port of Shanghai <br /> 上海港
| pushpin_map = China
| image = File:Shanghai-Yangshan-Port-Containers2013-01.JPG
| image_size = 300px
| image_caption = Yangshan Deep-water Port
<!-- Location -->| country = [[People's Republic of China]]
| location = [[Shanghai]]
| coordinates = {{coord|30.626539|122.064958}}
<!-- Details -->| opened = 1842 (As [[treaty port]])
| operated = [[Shanghai International Port (Group)|Shanghai International Port Company Ltd.]]
| owner = Public
| type = Deep-water seaport/Riverport
| sizewater = 
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| blankdetails3 = <!-- Statistics -->
| arrivals = 
| cargotonnage = 1.120 billion (2024)<ref name="ship-technology" />
| containervolume = 43.3 million [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]] (2019)
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| website = {{URL|https://www.portshanghai.com.cn|portshanghai.com.cn}}
}}

[[File:Yangshan-Port-Balanced.jpg|thumb|300px|Shanghai is the world's busiest [[container port]].]]
[[File:Yangshan Deepwater Port.jpg|thumb|300px|Yangshan Deepwater Port under construction]]

The '''Port of Shanghai''' ({{lang-zh|c=上海港|p=''Shànghǎi Gǎng'' ; [[Wu Chinese|Wu]]; ''Zånhae Kån''}}) is located in the vicinity of [[Shanghai]], comprises a deep-sea port and a river port.

The main port enterprise in Shanghai, the Shanghai International Port Group (SIPG), was established during the reconstitution of the Shanghai Port Authority. Companies such as the Shanghai Port Container Co. and Waigaoqiao Bonded Zone Port Co. were involved.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Cullinane|first1=Kevin|last2=Teng|first2=Yahui|last3=Wang|first3=Teng-Fei|date=2005-10-01|title=Port competition between Shanghai and Ningbo|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/03088830500300438|journal=Maritime Policy & Management|volume=32|issue=4|pages=331–346|doi=10.1080/03088830500300438|s2cid=153641988|issn=0308-8839|access-date=2020-11-29|archive-date=2023-11-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113175927/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03088830500300438|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

In 2010, Shanghai port overtook the [[Port of Singapore]] to become the [[List of world's busiest container ports|world's busiest container port]]. Shanghai's port handled 29.05 million [[Twenty-foot equivalent unit|TEU]], whereas Singapore's was a half million TEU behind.<ref>{{cite news|date=8 January 2011|title=Shanghai overtakes S'pore as world's busiest port|newspaper=Straits Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815030034/http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_621944.html|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/BreakingNews/Singapore/Story/STIStory_621944.html|archive-date=2011-08-15|access-date=2011-09-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Statistics|url = http://www.iaphworldports.org/Statistics.aspx|website = www.iaphworldports.org|access-date = 2015-10-03|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151004100732/http://www.iaphworldports.org/Statistics.aspx|archive-date = 2015-10-04}}</ref> Shanghai handled 43.3 million TEU in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Safety4Sea |url=https://safety4sea.com/port-of-shanghai-worlds-busiest-container-port-for-2019/ |access-date=29 May 2020 |agency=IHS |publisher=Safety4sea |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614145547/https://safety4sea.com/port-of-shanghai-worlds-busiest-container-port-for-2019/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Shanghai is one of only four port-cities in the world to be categorised as a large-port Megacity, due to its high volumes of port traffic and large urban population.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785|title=The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification|year=2020|last1=Roberts|first1=Toby|last2=Williams|first2=Ian|last3=Preston|first3=John|journal=Maritime Policy & Management|volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=1–13|doi-access=free}}</ref>

== Geography ==
The Port of Shanghai faces the [[East China Sea]] to the east and [[Hangzhou Bay]] to the south. It includes the confluences of the [[Yangtze River]], [[Huangpu River]] (which enters the Yangtze River) and [[Qiantang River]].

== Administration ==
The Port of Shanghai is managed by [[Shanghai International Port (Group)|Shanghai International Port]], which superseded the Shanghai Port Authority in 2003.<ref name="sipg-about">{{Cite web |url=http://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/channel1/channel12.html |title=About SIPG |publisher=[[Shanghai International Port (Group)|Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd.]] |access-date=2010-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113015044/http://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/channel1/channel12.html |archive-date=2010-01-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Shanghai International Port Company Limited is a public listed company, of which the Shanghai Municipal Government owns 44% of the outstanding shares.<ref name=sipg-about/>

== History ==
{{See also|History of Shanghai}}

In 1842, Shanghai became a [[Treaty ports|treaty port]], thus developing into an international commercial city. By the early 20th century, it was the largest city and the largest port in East Asia. In 1949, with the [[Communist Party of China|Communist]] takeover in Shanghai, overseas trade was cut dramatically. The economic policy of the People's Republic had a crippling effect on Shanghai's infrastructure and capital development.

[[File:Donghai Bridge.jpg|right|307x307px|thumb|[[Donghai Bridge]]]]

In 1991, the central government allowed Shanghai to initiate economic reform. Since then, the port has developed at a rapid pace. By 2005, the [[Yangshan Port|Yangshan]] deep-water port had been built on the Yangshan islands, a group of islands in [[Hangzhou Bay]] linked to Shanghai by the [[Donghai Bridge]]. This development allowed the port to overcome shallow water conditions in its current location and to rival another deep-water port, the nearby [[Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan]].

The port is part of the [[21st Century Maritime Silk Road]] that runs from the Chinese coast to [[Singapore]], towards the southern tip of [[India]] to [[Mombasa]], from there through the Red Sea via the [[Suez Canal]] to the Mediterranean, there to the Upper Adriatic region to the northern Italian hub of [[Trieste]] with its connections to [[Central Europe]] and the [[North Sea]].<ref>Marcus Hernig: Die Renaissance der Seidenstraße (2018) pp 112.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.maritime-executive.com/editorials/can-the-new-silk-road-compete-with-the-maritime-silk-road |title=Can the New Silk Road Compete with the Maritime Silk Road? |access-date=2021-01-24 |archive-date=2021-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420174445/https://maritime-executive.com/editorials/can-the-new-silk-road-compete-with-the-maritime-silk-road |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/chinas-maritime-silk-road-and-middle-east-tacking-against-wind |title=China’s Maritime Silk Road and the Middle East: Tacking Against the Wind |access-date=2021-01-24 |archive-date=2021-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121001511/https://www.mei.edu/publications/chinas-maritime-silk-road-and-middle-east-tacking-against-wind |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Bao Jianga, Jian Lib, Chunxia Gong "Maritime Shipping and Export Trade on “Maritime Silk Road”" In: The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, Volume 34, Issue 2, June 2018, Pages 83-90.</ref>

== Harbour zones ==
The port of Shanghai includes three major working zones:
* [[Yangshan Port|Yangshan Deep Water Port]]
* [[Huangpu River]]
* [[Yangtze River]]

== Economy ==
The Port of Shanghai is a critically important transport hub for the Yangtze River region and the most important gateway for foreign trade. It serves the Yangtze economically developed hinterland of Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Henan provinces with its dense population, strong industrial base and developed agricultural sector.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/channel1/channel11.html |title=About Port of Shanghai |publisher=[[Shanghai International Port (Group)|Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd.]] |access-date=2010-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608130340/http://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/channel1/channel11.html |archive-date=2017-06-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Data==
The Port of Shanghai is the world's busiest container port, handling over 49million TEUs in 2023, [https://www.seatrade-maritime.com/ports-logistics/shanghai-retains-the-world-s-busiest-container-port-crown-in-2023 according to Seatrade Maritime]. It maintains this position for the 14th consecutive year, with a 3.6% increase in container volume compared to the previous year. The port offers over 320 weekly liner services to more than 700 ports worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shanghai remains world's top container port by TEUs |url=https://english.shanghai.gov.cn/en-Latest-WhatsNew/20240103/fb3f56e6285a4f92bb5259c397cb5b1e.html |access-date=2025-06-24 |website=english.shanghai.gov.cn}}</ref> {{bar box|float=none
|title=Million tonnes moved
|titlebar=#DDD
|left1=year
|bars=
{{bar pixel|1984|blue|100}}
{{bar pixel|1999|pink|186}}
{{bar pixel|2005|blue|443}}
{{bar pixel|2006|blue|537}}
{{bar pixel|2007|green|561}}
{{bar pixel|2008|blue|582}}
{{bar pixel|2009|yellow|590}}
{{bar pixel|2010|blue|650}}
{{bar pixel|2011|blue|728}}
{{bar pixel|2012|blue|736}}
{{bar pixel|2014|black|755}}
{{bar pixel|2024|violet|1120}}
|caption=Sources: ShipTechnology.com,<ref name="ship-technology">http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/portofshnaghai/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528231147/https://www.ship-technology.com/projects/portofshnaghai/ |date=2023-05-28 }} Port of Shanghai, China</ref> GeoHive<ref name="GeoHive">{{cite web |title=Top 15 Largest Seaports of the World |publisher=GeoHive |url=http://www.geohive.com/charts/ec_ports.aspx |access-date=2012-12-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127020514/http://www.geohive.com/charts/ec_ports.aspx |archive-date=2013-01-27 }}</ref>
}}

== See also ==
{{Portal|Transport}}
* [[Container transport]]
* [[List of East Asian ports]]
* [[List of ports in China]]
* [[Silk Road]]
* [[List of deepest natural harbours]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141003141759/http://www.portshanghai.com.cn/en/ SIPG, Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd]

{{Ports of China}}
{{Transport in China}}
{{coord|30|37|35|N|122|03|53|E|region:CN-31_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Cruise seaports]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of China|Shanghai, Port of]]
[[Category:Transport in Shanghai]]
[[Category:Yangtze River Delta]]