View source for Politics of Monaco

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{more citations needed|date=November 2014}}
{{Politics of Monaco}}
The '''politics of Monaco''' take place within the framework of a [[semi-constitutional monarchy]], with the [[Prince of Monaco]] as [[head of state]], with some powers devolved to several advisory and legislative bodies.

==Constitution==
{{main|Constitution of Monaco}}

Historically, the princes of the ruling [[House of Grimaldi]] were [[autocracy|autocrats]] of an [[absolute monarchy]] until the first Constitution of Monaco was adopted in 1911. A second constitution was granted by Prince [[Rainier III, Prince of Monaco|Rainier III]] on December 17, 1962, outlining legislative, judicial, and executive branches of government, which consist of several administrative offices and a number of councils. The Prince as head of state retains most of the country's governing power; however, the principality's judicial and legislative bodies may operate independently of his control.

==Government of Monaco==

===Executive branch===
{| class="wikitable" width="40%" style="text-align: center"
!colspan="2"|[[File:Logo Gouvernement Princier Monaco.svg|200px]]
|-
!width="20%"|[[Sovereign Prince of Monaco|Sovereign Prince]]<br>Term start{{smalldiv|(Term length)}}
!width="20%"|[[Minister of State (Monaco)|Minister of State]]<br>Term start{{smalldiv|(Term length)}}
|-
|[[File:Prince Albert II of Monaco at the Enthronement of Naruhito (3x4 cropped).jpg|125px]]
|[[File:Christophe Mirmand.jpg|125px]]
|-
|'''[[Albert II, Prince of Monaco|Albert II]]'''<br>6 April 2005{{smalldiv|({{Age in years and days nts|2005|4|6}})}}
|'''[[Christophe Mirmand]]''' <br>21 July 2025 {{smalldiv|({{Age in years and days nts|2025|7|21}})}}
|}

The [[Council of Government (Monaco)|Council of Government]] is under the authority of the prince. The title and position of prince is hereditary, the minister of state was appointed by the monarch from a list of three French or Monegasque national candidates presented by the French government, but is now chosen by the monarch. Until the 2002 amendment to the Monegasque constitution, only French nationals were eligible for the post. The prince is advised by the [[Crown Council of Monaco]].

===Legislative branch===
{| class="wikitable" width="40%" style="text-align: center"
!colspan="2"|[[File:Conseil national.svg|150px]]
|-
![[National Council (Monaco)#Presidents|President]]{{smalldiv|Party}}Term start{{smalldiv|(Term length)}}
![[National Council (Monaco)|Vice President]]{{smalldiv|Party}}Term start{{smalldiv|(Term length)}}
|-
|[[File:Thomas Brezzo.jpg|125px]]
|[[File:Jean-Louis Grinda.jpg|140px]]
|-
|'''[[Thomas Brezzo]]'''{{smalldiv|[[Priorité Monaco]]}}3 April 2024{{smalldiv|({{Age in years and days nts|2024|4|3}})}}
|'''[[Jean-Louis Grinda]]'''{{smalldiv|[[Monegasque National Union]]}}16 February 2023{{smalldiv|({{Age in years and days nts|2023|2|16}})}}
|-
!colspan="2"|[[File:Monaco Conseil national 2023.svg|125px]]<br>[[National Council of Monaco|National Council]]
|}

The unicameral [[National Council of Monaco|National Council]] (''Conseil National'') has 24 seats. The members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms. The Council can be disbanded by the [[Prince of Monaco]] provided that he hosts elections within 3 months. Uniquely, Monegasque legislators can be members of multiple political parties. Currently the administrative coalition, [[Monegasque National Union]], holds all 24 seats after winning nearly 90% of the vote in the [[2023 Monegasque general election|2023 general election]]. The coalition consists of the three largest parties in Monaco: [[Priorité Monaco]] (centre-right), which won 21 seats in the [[2018 Monegasque general election|2018 general election]]; [[Horizon Monaco]] (right-wing) which won 2 seats in 2018; and [[Union Monégasque]], (centre), which won 1 seat in 2018.  The centre-left coalition, [[New Ideas for Monaco]], holds no seats after running candidates in just 13 seats and winning only 10% of the vote.

===Judicial branch===
The supreme courts are the [[Court of Revision (Monaco)|Judicial Court of Revision]] (''Cour de révision judiciaire''), which hears civil and criminal cases (as well as some administrative cases), and the [[Supreme Court of Monaco|Supreme tribunal]] (''tribunal suprême''), which performs [[judicial review]]. Both courts are staffed by French judges (appointed among judges of French courts, members of the [[Council of State (France)|Conseil d'État]] and university professors).

===Political parties and elections===
{{elect|List of political parties in Monaco|Elections in Monaco}}
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
!Party
!Votes
!%
!Seats
!+/–
|-POYA
|align=left|[[Monegasque National Union]]||72,602||89.63||24||+1
|-
|align=left|[[New Ideas for Monaco]]||8,401||10.37||0||–1
|-
|align=left|Invalid/blank votes||400||–||–||–
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''81,403'''||'''100'''||'''24'''||'''0'''
|-
|align=left|Registered voters/turnout||7,594||57.26||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=5|Source: Mairie de Monaco<ref>https://www.mairie.mc/actualite/resultats-des-elections-nationales-2023-1</ref>
|}

===Political spectrum===
Monegasque tend to be more conservative due to their alignment with the [[Catholic Church]]. There are no official left-wing parties although [[Union Monégasque]] is considered the "most liberal" of the three main parties that formed the [[Monegasque National Union]]. A new centre-left party, [[New Ideas for Monaco]], was formed in 2022.

==Administrative divisions==
There are no first-order [[administrative divisions]] in the principality, which is instead traditionally divided into four [[Principality of Monaco#Traditional quarters and modern geographic areas|quarters]] (French: ''quartiers'', singular ''quartier''): [[Fontvieille, Monaco|Fontvieille]], [[La Condamine]], [[Monaco-Ville]] and [[Monte-Carlo]], with the suburb [[Les Moneghetti|Moneghetti]] (part of La Condamine) colloquially seen as an unofficial, fifth quarter. They have a joint [[Communal Council of Monaco]].

The principality is, for administrative and official purposes, currently divided into ten [[Principality of Monaco#Wards|wards]]: 
*[[Monaco-Ville]]
*[[Monte Carlo|Monte Carlo/Spélugues]]
*[[Fontvieille, Monaco|Fontvieille]]
*[[Les Moneghetti|Moneghetti/Bd de Belgique]]
*[[La Condamine]]
*[[Larvotto|Larvotto/Bas Moulins]]
*[[Saint Roman (community)|La Rousse/Saint Roman]]
*[[Jardin Exotique, Monaco|Jardin Exotique]]
*[[Ravin de Sainte-Dévote]]

==International organization participation==
{{See also|Foreign relations of Monaco}}
ACCT, ECE, [[International Atomic Energy Agency]], [[International Civil Aviation Organization]], ICRM, [[International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies|IFRCS]], IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, [[Interpol]], [[International Olympic Committee]], [[International Telecommunication Union|ITU]], [[Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons|OPCW]], [[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe|OSCE]], [[United Nations]], [[United Nations Conference on Trade and Development|UNCTAD]], [[UNESCO]], [[Universal Postal Union]], [[World Health Organization]], [[World Intellectual Property Organization]], [[World Meteorological Organization]], [[Council of Europe]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050309063024/http://www.riviera-magazine.com/tourisme/monaco/MonacoConstitution-us.html A summary of the principality's constitution]

{{Monaco topics}}
{{Politics of Europe}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Politics Of Monaco}}
[[Category:Politics of Monaco| ]]