View source for Plasan SandCat

{{short description|Armored vehicle}}
{{Infobox weapon
| is_vehicle         = yes
<!-- Service history -->| name               = Plasan SandCat
| image              = Military parade 2018 22.jpg
| image_size         = 300px
| caption            = Plasan SandCat at a military parade in Baku.
| origin             = [[Israel]]
| type               = [[Light armoured vehicle]]
<!-- Type selection -->| service            = 
| used_by            = See ''[[Plasan SandCat#Operators|Operators]]''
| wars               = [[Mexican drug war]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.estadomayor.mx/78177|title=Llegan los Sandcat a Tamaulipas para combatir al narco|date=2017-11-06|website=Estado Mayor|last=Medellin|first=Jorge|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210914050916/https://www.estadomayor.mx/78177|archive-date=2021-09-14|language=es}}</ref><br />[[Second Nagorno-Karabakh war]] 
<!-- Production history -->| designer           = Nir Kahn<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.motocar.co.il/news/new.aspx?0r9VQ=JKHK&pn6Vq=F |script-title=he:חדשות הרכב מישראל ומהעולם, הכל על מכוניות |publisher=Motocar |access-date=2012-07-04 |language=he |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090617210518/http://www.motocar.co.il/news/new.aspx?0r9VQ=JKHK&pn6Vq=F |archive-date=2009-06-17 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.topgear.com/car-news/future-tech/across-desert-plasan-sandcat#1 |title=Across the desert in the Plasan SandCat |publisher=[[Top Gear (magazine)|Top Gear]] |date= 2016-08-09|access-date=2016-08-09|language=en}}</ref>
| design_date        = 2004
| manufacturer       = [[Plasan]] / [[Oshkosh Corporation]] / [[IBN Industrias Militares/IBN Military Industries]]
| unit_cost          = 
| production_date    = 2004-present
| number             = around 700
| variants           = <!-- General specifications -->
| length             = 5.94 m (4th Generation M-LPV)<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>
| width              = {{convert|2.315|m|in|abbr=on}}(4th Generation M-LPV)
| height             = 2.54 m (4th Generation M-LPV)
| diameter           = 
| crew               = up to 10 (variant dependent)<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>
<!-- Vehicle/missile specifications -->| armour             = steel/ceramic/Kevlar; protection level to suit requirement
| primary_armament   = [[Remote weapon station]] <small>(optional)</small>
| secondary_armament = 
| engine             = 6.7 L [[Ford Power Stroke engine|Power Stroke]] diesel V8 (6.4 L in early variants) <ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>
| transmission       = Ford Torqshift six-speed automatic (five-speed in some early models)
| payload_capacity   = up to 2,109 kg (generation and variant dependent)
| fuel_capacity      = 150 litres (4th generation)
| pw_ratio           = 
| suspension         = coil springs and shock-absorbers at the front and leaf springs and shock-absorbers at the rear. Uprated as required (second generation had a Plasan-designed coil spring and trailing arm rear suspension)
| clearance          = 280 mm (4th generation M-LPV)
| vehicle_range      = 500-550 km (3rd and 4th generation)
| speed              = 110 km/h (4th generation)
| guidance           = 
}}
The '''SandCat''' ({{langx|he|פלסן קרקל}})<ref name="DU">{{cite web|url=http://defense-update.com/products/s/sandcat.htm|title="Sand cat" - All-Protected Combat Vehicle from Plasan Sasa|website=defense-update.com|access-date=2017-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428144127/http://defense-update.com/products/s/sandcat.htm|archive-date=2018-04-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> is a [[composite armor]]ed [[vehicle]] designed by the then [[Plasan|Plasan Sasa]] (now Plasan) of [[Israel]]. The SandCat was shown publicly for the first time at [[Association of the United States Army|AUSA]] during October 2005. The latest models were shown for the first time at [[Eurosatory]] 2018. The SandCat is based on a [[Commercial off-the-shelf|commercial]] [[Ford F-Series]] [[chassis]]. Approximately 700 SandCats have been produced since 2004, and while Plasan has never released complete details, these are known to be in service with at least 16 users across five continents, and in a wide variety of roles that range from police/internal security to combat/patrol.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018">{{cite web|url=https://janes.ihs.com/janes/search?q=Sandcat&pg=1# |title=SandCat|date=2018-06-27|access-date=2018-08-31}}</ref>

==Development==
The SandCat was designed from 2004 and for a variety of applications. It was seen as a potential replacement for the [[AIL Storm]] jeeps of the [[Israel Defense Forces]] ([[Israel Defense Forces|IDF]]), and for wider use as protected light vehicle capable of performing roles on deployed operations that until the deployments to Iraq and [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan]] had been performed by softskin light utility types. Plasan has also stated the design was intended to demonstrate to partner-customer OEMs that the company could take any automotive platform and design an armoured hull for it.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>

The original SandCat was designed around an approximate 4,000&nbsp;kg [[gross vehicle weight]] (GVW) and four-man crew, although following feedback from early evaluations this was revised to around 5,000&nbsp;kg and four- to five-man crew. The SandCat's then unusual and distinct trapezoidal side windows were optimised to reduce the mass of the heavy armoured glass, while maximising useful viewing angles. Now widely adopted, these were an early and distinct design feature of the SandCat, as was a feline theme in the design aesthetics.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>

The SandCat was originally known as Caracal, but by [[Eurosatory]] 2006 the name SandCat had been adopted so as not to encourage confusion between the Plasan product and the version of IVECO's LMV being offered to the German Bundeswehr as Caracal by the now [[Rheinmetall|Rheinmetall Vehicle Systems Division]].<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/><ref name="DU"/>

Most SandCats are fully enclosed, although some first- and second-generation models were produced with a small open-topped rear cargo space.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>

==Generations==
There have been four generations of SandCat. 

===First generation===
The first-generation were mainly prototypes, although a small quantity were supplied to Israeli security forces. Sweden received a small quantity during 2008 in an eight-seat station wagon configuration for a Police/SWAT-type role. Prototypes and Israeli deliveries were in the original design configuration which featured an open rear stowage area. To differentiate between the original configuration, the longer bodied station wagon.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/> configuration was initially known as the SandCat Plus.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/> With the exception of the Swedish SandCats which are based on a Ford F450 chassis, all other developmental first generation SandCats were based on a Ford F350 chassis, this shortened from the standard 3.581 m wheelbase to a 2.946 m wheelbase. The original Caracal/SandCat prototype had a wheelbase shortened to 2.845 m. Prototypes were shortened by Manning Equipment of Louisville, Kentucky, United States.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>
===Second generation===
The second-generation SandCat was introduced in 2008, and following an update of the commercial product by Ford. More than 300 second-generation SandCats were produced. At this point Plasan did not desire to bulk-manufacture so [[Oshkosh Corporation|Oshkosh Defense]] was licensed to market the SandCat. Second-generation SandCats for the Israeli Border Police were based on a Ford F350 chassis (shortened from a 3.581 m to a 2.946 m wheelbase), All other second-generation and all subsequent generations of SandCat are based on a Ford F550 chassis. Second-generation F550-based SandCats have a 2.946 m wheelbase, and with an overall length of 5 m for both the Utility (five-seat) and Transport (eight-seat) configurations. Utility has the open rear cargo area, Transport is the station wagon configuration. GVW for both configurations is up to 8,845&nbsp;kg, with a payload allowance of up to 2,109&nbsp;kg depending on configuration and protection levels.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>

In terms of styling the second-generation SandCat is the most varied and a variety of front ends, wings, windows and body configurations can be seen. While retaining the Ford bonnet, Plasan designed a new feline-inspired grille and lights that could accept either the Oshkosh badge, a generic SandCat badge, or for the local Israeli market where the Ford distributor sold the vehicle, a Ford badge. For the Mexican market Oshkosh retained the Ford grille and headlights for their version of the Transport configuration known as Tactical Protector Vehicle (TPV).<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/> The 249 Mexican SandCats were delivered during 2011/2012 and all were in Transport configuration. These were manufactured locally Blindajes Epal, the former local partner of Oshkosh/Plasan. There is also a local product known as the SandCat MX, but this is not a Plasan or Oshkosh product. Additionally, the Ford F550-based DN-XI which is similar in appearance to the Plasan SandCat (and is often confused with it) is a vehicle built independently by the Mexican Army and it is not related to the Plasan or Oshkosh products in any way. Following an agreement signed in 2016, Plasan's current local partner for the SandCat is IBN Industrias Militares/IBN Military Industries. The SandCat when marketed to Mexico by Plasan is known as the Stormer, the SandCat trademark having been registered elsewhere.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/> Romania's second-generation SandCat's are used by the Gendarmerie and are a unique blast-protected model with a distinctly raised profile.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>
===Third generation===
The third-generation SandCat was introduced in 2011 following an update of the commercial product by Ford. Plasan marketed the third generation heavily as the SandCat Stormer to help differentiate it from earlier models. Users of third generation SandCats include Azerbaijan,<ref name="Elbit announces new version of Spear lightweight mortar system"/> Colombia, Israel, Kazakhstan, Poland, and Ukraine. Colombia placed an order with Oshkosh Defense in December 2012 for 14 SandCats, and it was around this time that Oshkosh's involvement with the product ceased. South Korea received its first SandCats in 2013, these fitted with RAFAEL Spike non line-of sight (NLOS)-guided missiles. In 2015 a contract to provide the Polish Military Police with 14 SandCats under the local name of the Szop (Racoon) was awarded. SandCats used by Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan were first seen during June 2015. The first Ukrainian SandCat was seen in March 2017.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/><ref name="MSPO 2015: Polish Military Police select Plasan SandCat armoured 4x4">{{cite web|url=https://janes.ihs.com/Janes/Display/jdw59649-jdw-2015|title=SandCat Poland|date=2015-09-03|access-date=2018-08-31}}</ref>

Third-generation SandCats were available with a 2.946 m wheelbase and 5 m overall length or a 3.429 m wheelbase and 5.5 m overall length, although no 2.946 m wheelbase models were ordered. GVW of third-generation SandCats was up to 8845&nbsp;kg, with payload allowance dependent on configuration and protection levels, but up to 2000&nbsp;kg. Plasan initially focused the third-generation SandCat towards Police and SWAT-type roles so less-threatening styling was deliberately adopted. Design revisions included the swapping out of angular wheel arches with rounded plastic ones similar to those on earlier Swedish and Israeli Police SandCats. The grille and lights were carried over from the second-generation, these modified slightly to adapt to the new Ford bonnet. The third generation SandCat received a facelift in 2014 when a potential military customer requested a harder look. Key facelift features were a new armoured grille and a squarer third side glass in place of the more triangular original design. There were also cosmetic changes to the wings and side steps, the result of which created a more slab-sided look with less shape and tapering to the rear flanks. The softer original Stormer look remained available. The facelifted SandCat evolved into a family of Vehicles with single-cab, double-cab, and other variants tailored to particular missions or payloads. An example of this tailoring would be the vehicles supplied to South Korea.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>
====Fourth generation====
Fourth-generation models were shown for the first time in June 2018 and are described by the manufacturer as having a more flexible and modular architecture. Fourth generation SandCats are available in three baseline configurations; troop carrier, utility and a single cab version.  The Troop Carrier which seats up to 10 is fully enclosed. The Utility has a fully armoured crew-type cab that seats up to five, while the Single Cab option seats up to three. In both instances, The rear chassis of the utility and single cab variants is available for a variety of payload options. In terms of styling, for recognition, for the first time there are no visible Ford parts on the fourth generation vehicle's exterior, the bonnet now a Plasan design. The new front has been designed to more easily allow for localisation or alternative identities. The default is a new interpretation of the feline SandCat grille first introduced on the second-generation model. A new window design has allowed for greater commonality across variants, there now being four unique glass shapes as opposed to eight on third-generation SandCats. The previous window designs remain available on request.<ref name="Sandcat Sept 2018"/>

==Technical description==
The SandCat is based on a well-proven Ford Super Duty commercial pick-up chassis to reduce through life cycle costs, and automotives used in all SandCat generations have remained standard Ford wherever possible.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018">{{cite web|url=https://janes.ihs.com/Janes/Display/jafv0187-jafv|title=SandCat JAFV|date=2018-09-19|access-date=2018-10-03}}</ref>

Automotives used in all SandCat generations have remain standard Ford wherever possible, the latest fourth-generation models powered by a Ford PowerStroke 6.7-litre V8 diesel developing 330&nbsp;hp and coupled to a Ford TorqShift six-speed automatic transmission. Standard F550 drive axles are retained, however the front coil and rear leaf springs plus the brakes are uprated/tuned to suit operating weight. On second-generation models the rear leaf springs were swapped for a Plasan-designed coil spring and trailing arm set-up. Some elements of the electrical system are upgraded to suit specific requirements, with 24 V available if required.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

The overall design of the SandCat is such that it can be adopted to perform a wide range of military and Police/internal security-related missions. The original SandCat featured a four- or five-seat protected crew citadel, this having two doors on each side plus two rear doors in the crew citadel that open into an open-topped rear stowage area. This stowage area which could be covered if required, is open-topped to save weight. First-generation ‘station wagon’ vehicles for Sweden could seat eight in an extended fully enclosed rear body. Second-generation models could seat up to five (Utility) or eight (Transport/TPV). Third-generation models seat up to 10.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

Fourth-generation models, which are described by the manufacturer as having a more flexible and modular architecture, are available in three core configurations. The Troop Carrier which seats up to 10 is fully enclosed. The Utility has a fully armoured crew-type cab that seats up to five, while the Single Cab option seats up to three. In both instances, the rear of the chassis is available for a variety of payload options. Given the inherent adaptability of the base platform and the modularity of the SandCat's design, other configurations are possible.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

In terms of styling for recognition, for the first time there are no visible Ford parts on the vehicle's exterior, the bonnet now a Plasan design. The new front has been designed to more easily allow for localisation or alternative identities. The default is a new interpretation of the feline SandCat grille first introduced on the second-generation model. A new window design has allowed for greater commonality across variants, there now being four unique glass shapes as opposed to eight on third-generation SandCats. The previous window designs remain available on request.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

With regard to armouring, Plasan refers to SandCat's armouring as a kitted hull, this consisting of a selection overlapping bolted and bonded (not welded) panels. Armour composition has not been disclosed but is understood to include a steel base layer with a mix of internal/external aluminium, composite/ceramic and Kevlar components. The advantages of a bolted/bonded construction are stated to be ease of repair following damage, the option to upgrade parts or all of the protection as new technologies emerge, plus the ability to swap out specific panels to reconfigure a vehicle. An example here might be replacing a solid roof panel for one with a hatch and/or the ability to mount a weapon station. Firing ports for the crew are standard.<ref name="MSPO 2015: Polish Military Police select Plasan SandCat armoured 4x4"/><ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

A key differentiator between the fourth and all previous SandCat generations is the latest generation's option of a monocoque body. This variant, the Mine-resistant Light Patrol Vehicle (M-LPV) is the first SandCat engineered as a fully structural monocoque. It retains the Ford F550 automotives but the ladder frame chassis is no longer required, the engine/gearbox utilising a sub-frame assembly that bolts to the monocoque. The key benefit of the monocoque design is a greater level of underbody blast protection without increasing the height, center of gravity, or weight of comparably configured base vehicles. A stated advantage of the monocoque is that a custom wheelbase can be selected without the associated engineering challenges of shortening any chassis.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

Internally on both variants ballistic protection is augmented by spall lines, while underbody blast protection is augmented by a floating floor, proprietary foot pads and Plasan's own blast attenuating seats. The interior has two-zone air-conditioning as standard, and can be fitted with an NBC filtration system if required. Additional external protection options available for both versions of the fourth-generation SandCat include radiator, front wings, and critical engine components. A selection of internal and/or external manual or automatic fire suppression systems can be fitted to provide protection in areas such as the engine compartment, crew compartment, wheel arches, fuel tank and so on. At a lower level, mesh screens are available for all lighting and glazing.<ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

Given the wide variety of variants and configurations available the options list for the SandCat is extensive. Equipment and fittings options can include: a GPS system, rifle holders, trailer tow hitch, weapon station (manual or remote), run-flat inserts, electric self-recovery winch, front-axle air-actuated differential lock, external searchlight, public address system, siren, roof-mounted flashing lights, external cameras, a non-slip coating on certain external surfaces, 24 V electrical circuit, blackout lighting, bull bars, and assault ladders to allow the dismounts access to the upper floor of buildings or similar.<ref name="Elbit announces new version of Spear lightweight mortar system">{{cite web|url=https://janes.ihs.com/Janes/Display/jdw65822-jdw-2017|title=SandCat Spear|date=2017-05-18|access-date=2018-08-31}}</ref><ref name="SandCat Sept 2018"/>

The SandCat is reported to have excellent [[car handling|handling]] and acceleration for an armored vehicle.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.battle-technology.com/this_issue01d_1.html |title=BATTLESPACE - Companies Directory |publisher=Battle-technology.com |access-date=2012-07-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216045305/http://www.battle-technology.com/this_issue01d_1.html |archive-date=2012-02-16 }}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Plasan SandCat.jpg|There have been four generations of the SandCat. The first-generation were mainly prototypes, this is the original prototype.
File:Sandcat Polisen Göteborg 2009-06-24 1.jpg|Sweden received a small quantity of first-generation SandCats during 2008 in an eight-seat station wagon configuration for a Police/SWAT-type role.
File:Bulgarian sandcat.jpg|A Bulgarian 2nd generation SandCat Utility. In terms of styling the second-generation SandCat is the most varied and a variety of configurations can be seen.
File:EjércitoExpoPuebla1.JPG|A Mexican SandCat as supplied by Oshkosh Defense. The similar-looking SandCat MX and DN-XI are not related to the Plasan or Oshkosh products in any way.
File:2014.11.21 해병대 스파이크 사격 (15677996050).jpg|South Korea received its first 3rd generation SandCats in 2013, these fitted with RAFAEL Spike non line-of sight (NLOS)-guided missiles.
File:Бронеразведывательная машина SandCat.JPG|A Kazakh army 3rd generation SandCat mounting a NSV heavy machine gun.
File:Oshkosh Plasan SandCat BSIJ 2019.jpg|A SandCat used by the [[Romanian Gendarmerie]]'s ''[[Brigada Specială de Intervenție a Jandarmeriei]]''.
</gallery>

==Operators==
Plasan has stated that approximately 700 SandCats have been produced since 2004, and while never releasing complete details, these are known to be in service with at least 16 users across five continents:
[[File:Sand Cat operators.png|thumb|450px|Map with SandCat operators in blue]]
<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.-->
* {{AZE}}: various versions, including armored personnel carrier, anti-tank guided missile carrier, reconnaissance and armored combat vehicle variants operated by the [[Azerbaijani Land Forces]] since 2016.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/june_2016_global_defense_security_news_industry/israeli-made_plasan_sandcat_4x4_armoured_vehicle_now_in_service_with_azerbaijan_armed_forces_12806161.html | title=Israeli-made Plasan Sandcat 4x4 armoured vehicle now in service with A | date=28 June 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://az.azeridefence.com/azerbaycanin-israilden-aldigi-sand-cat-masinlarinin-teqdimati-kecirilib-fotolar/|title=Azərbaycanın İsraildən aldığı "Sand Cat" maşınlarının təqdimatı keçirilib – FOTOLAR|date=25 June 2016}}</ref>
* {{BUL}}: in use with Bulgarian [[Military Police]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.joint-forces.com/features/55406-sandcat-in-bulgarian-military-police-service | title=SandCat in Bulgarian Military Police Service | date=7 July 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.novinite.com/articles/112722/Bulgaria+Receives+25+SandCat+Armored+Vehicles+from+Israel|title=Bulgaria Receives 25 SandCat Armored Vehicles from Israel - Novinite.com - Sofia News Agency}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/international/europe/2016/03/11/bulgaria-halts-guardian-sand-cat-armored-vehicle-procurements/81655426/|title=Bulgaria Halts Guardian, Sand Cat Armored Vehicle Procurements|first=Jaroslaw|last=Adamowski|date=8 August 2017}}</ref>
* {{CAN}}: used by some local police [[SWAT]] units.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ptbotoday.ca/2020/08/19/peterborough-police-light-armoured-vehicle-donated-by-ontario-power-generation/ | title=Peterborough Police light-armoured vehicle donated by Ontario Power Generation }}</ref><ref name="jsonline1">{{cite web|last=Barrett |first=Rick |url=http://www.jsonline.com/business/96475494.html |title=Oshkosh creates new patrol vehicle |publisher=JSOnline |date=2010-06-16 |access-date=2012-07-04}}</ref>
* {{CHL}}: operated by [[Carabineros de Chile]] (Carabiniers of Chile, Chilean national [[law enforcement]] [[gendarmerie]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.infodefensa.com/latam/2019/12/09/noticia-carabineros-incoporara-nuevo-equipamiento-fuerzas-especiales.html|title = Carabineros de Chile incoporará nuevo equipamiento para sus Fuerzas Especiales - Noticias Infodefensa América|date = 9 December 2019}}</ref>
* {{COL}}: 14 units procured in 2012 and 2013 for the [[National Army of Colombia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/december_2012_new_army_military_defence_industry/government_of_colombia_has_selected_the_oshkosh_sandcat_plasan_4x4_armoured_vehicle_2012123.html |title=Colombia selects the Oshkosh Sandcat |publisher=Army Recognition |date=2012-12-20 |access-date=2012-12-20}}</ref>
* {{SLV}}: 50 units procured by the [[Salvadoran Army]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://diarioelsalvador.com/conozca-los-vehiculos-blindados-sandcat-que-combatiran-la-delincuencia-en-el-salvador/237641/ | title=Conozca los vehículos blindados SandCat que combatirán la delincuencia en El Salvador – Diario El Salvador | date=13 June 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=InfoDefensa |first=Revista Defensa |title=El Salvador compra vehículos blindados Plasan SandCat para tareas de seguridad |url=https://www.infodefensa.com/texto-diario/mostrar/3790303/salvador-adquiere-vehiculos-tacticos-blindados-plasan-sandcat |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=Infodefensa - Noticias de defensa, industria, seguridad, armamento, ejércitos y tecnología de la defensa |language=es}}</ref>
* {{ISR}}: operated by [[Israeli Ground Forces]], [[Israeli Border Police]] and [[Yamam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globes.co.il/serveen/globes/docview.asp?did=1000408292 |title=Plasan armors Sand Cats for Israel Police |publisher=Globes.co.il |date=2008-12-17 |access-date=2012-07-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212213056/http://www.globes.co.il/serveen/globes/docview.asp?did=1000408292 |archive-date=2012-02-12 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.4x4.co.il/articles/article.aspx?pCat=&catId=308&articleId=7709 |title=קרקל - העידן החדש |publisher=4x4.co.il |access-date=2012-07-04}}</ref>
* {{KAZ}}: initial batch procured for the [[State Security Service (Kazakhstan)|State Security Service]] directly from Plasan, later purchases assembled locally under licence.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://military-informant.com/army/kazakhstan-priobrel-amerikanskie-broneavtomobili-sandcat.html |title=Казахстан приобрел американские бронеавтомобили "SandCat" |publisher=Военный информатор |language=ru |date=2015-04-20 |access-date=2015-04-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4DOzFoXwO4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/U4DOzFoXwO4 |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Самый масштабный парад в истории Казахстана прошел в Астане|last=TengrinewsTV|date=7 May 2015|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* {{MEX}}: 250 units procured in 2011 for [[Cuerpo de Fuerzas Especiales]], the special forces battalion of [[Mexican Army]]. Assembled locally under licence from Plasan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/183444.html |title=Combatirán al crimen con el "gato de arena" - El Universal - Mêxico |publisher=El Universal |date=2011-02-05 |access-date=2012-07-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4035105,00.html |title=Plasan wins Mexican defense bid |publisher= Ynetnews |last=Navit |first=Zomer |date=2011-02-28 |access-date=2012-09-19}}</ref>
* {{NGA}}: operated by [[State Security Service (Nigeria)|State Security Service]].<ref>{{cite web|author=John Pike |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2011/04/mil-110411-oshkosh01.htm |title=Oshkosh Defense Introduces SandCat Tactical Protector Vehicle in Latin America at LAAD 2011 |publisher=Globalsecurity.org |date=2011-04-11 |access-date=2012-07-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.military.africa/2022/12/nigeria-acquires-additional-plasan-sandcat-vehicle-from-israel/ | title=Nigeria acquires additional Plasan SandCat vehicle from Israel | date=22 December 2022 }}</ref>
* {{POL}}: used by [[Military Gendarmerie (Poland)|Military Gendarmerie]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defence24.pl/255166,plasan-sandcat-4x4-czyli-szop-nowy-samochod-zandarmerii-wojskowej |title=Plasan SandCat 4x4 czyli Szop |website=Defense24.org |date=2015-09-08}}</ref>
* {{ROU}}: operated by [[Brigada Specială de Intervenție a Jandarmeriei]] (Gendarmerie Special Intervention Brigade).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.brigadaspeciala.ro/fotob1repr.html|title=BSIJ Fotografii B1|work=[[Brigada Specială de Intervenție a Jandarmeriei]]|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20230816200853/https://www.brigadaspeciala.ro/fotob1dotare.html|archive-date=16 August 2023}}</ref>
* {{ROK}}: variants equipped with [[Spike (missile)|Spike]] [[anti-tank guided missile]] launchers in use with [[Republic of Korea Marine Corps]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/august_2016_global_defense_security_news_industry/south_korean_marine_corps_has_test_fire_spike_nlos_anti-tank_guided_missile_from_sandcat_vehicle_10808161.html |title=South Korean Marine Corps has test fire Spike NLOS anti-tank guided missile from SandCat vehicle |publisher=Army Recognition |date=2016-08-08 |access-date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
* {{SWE}}: was in use with [[Swedish Police Authority]] [[Reinforced Regional Task Force]];<ref>{{cite web|author=Alina Dumitrache |url=http://www.autoevolution.com/news/oshkosh-sandcat-tpv-goes-to-latin-america-34103.html |title=Oshkosh SandCat TPV Goes to Latin America |website=Autoevolution.com |date=2011-04-12 |access-date=2015-12-19}}</ref> replaced afterwards by [[ACMAT Bastion]].
* {{TKM}}: at least 4 StormRider variants in service with [[Ministry for National Security (Turkmenistan)|Ministry for National Security]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2021/10/turkmenistans-parade-analysis-whats-new.html | title=Turkmenistan's Parade Analysis: What's New? }}</ref>
* {{UKR}}: operated by [[Security Service of Ukraine]] since 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://defence-blog.com/security-service-of-ukraine-received-first-sandcat-armored-vehicles/|title=Security Service of Ukraine received first SandCat Armored Vehicles|work=Defense Blog|author=Dylan Malyasov|date=24 March 2017}}</ref>
* {{UGA}}: 5 units equipped with [[Elbit Systems]] SPEAR 120 mm [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] in service with [[Uganda People's Defence Force]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lesedi |first=Sarah |date=2022-01-20 |title=Uganda operating ELBIT SOLTAM SPEAR 120 mm Mortar System |url=https://www.military.africa/2022/01/uganda-operating-elbit-soltam-spear-120-mm-mortar-system/ |access-date=2023-06-15 |website=Military Africa |language=en-US}}</ref>
* {{GBR}}: 18 units ordered by the [[Metropolitan Police]] to replace the older [[Jankel]] models.<ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC London on Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/reel/DKb6nIqN4r-/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA== |access-date=2025-06-03 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{commons category|Plasan Sand Cat}}

==External links==
* [http://sandcat-stormer.com official website]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1WCsxGR1Ns&index=10&list=PLSimkl4926qO5v_jf5BnViBdSHnOtSOoP  SandCat Generation 4 (factual not promo style interview with designer]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-b1ngE4rgc&t=28s/ Plasan - an overview. Informative not advertorial.]

{{Oshkosh Corporation}}
{{Ford F-Series}}

[[Category:Armoured cars of Israel]]
[[Category:All-wheel-drive vehicles]]
[[Category:Military trucks]]
[[Category:Off-road vehicles]]
[[Category:Oshkosh vehicles]]
[[Category:Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s]]