View source for Pierre-Auguste Renoir

{{Short description|French painter and sculptor (1841–1919)}}
{{Redirect|Renoir|other people named Renoir|Renoir (surname)|other uses|Renoir (disambiguation)}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox artist
| image            = Pierre Auguste Renoir, uncropped image.jpg
| image_size       = 270px
| caption          = Renoir, {{circa|1875}}
| birth_date       = {{birth date|df=yes|1841|2|25}}
| birth_place      = [[Limoges]], France
| death_date       = {{death date and age|df=yes|1919|12|3|1841|2|25}}
| death_place      = [[Cagnes-sur-Mer]], France
| spouse           = {{marriage|[[Aline Charigot]]|1890|1915|end=died}}
| children         = 3, including [[Pierre Renoir|Pierre]] and [[Jean Renoir|Jean]]
| relatives        = [[Claude Renoir]] (grandson)
| movement         = [[Impressionism]]
| works            = ''[[Bal du moulin de la Galette]]'', 1876<br />''[[Luncheon of the Boating Party]]'', 1880<br />''[[Pink and Blue (Renoir)|Pink and Blue]]'', 1881<br />''[[Girls at the Piano]]'', 1892<br />''[[Nude (Renoir, Belgrade, 1910)|Nude]]'', 1910
| signature        = Renoir, Pierre-Auguste 1841-1919 15 Signature.jpg
}}

'''Pierre-Auguste Renoir''' ({{IPAc-en|r|ɛ|n|ˈ|w|ɑr}};<ref>[http://www.dictionary.com/browse/renoir "Renoir"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> {{IPA|fr|pjɛʁ oɡyst ʁənwaʁ|lang}}; 25 February 1841 – 3 December 1919) was a French artist who was a leading painter in the development of the [[Impressionism|Impressionist]] style. It has been said that, as a celebrator of beauty and especially [[femininity|feminine]] sensuality, "Renoir is the final representative of a tradition which runs directly from [[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens]] to [[Antoine Watteau|Watteau]]."<ref>Read, Herbert: ''The Meaning of Art'', page 127. Faber, 1931.</ref>

He was the father of the actor [[Pierre Renoir]] (1885–1952), the filmmaker [[Jean Renoir]] (1894–1979) and the ceramic artist Claude Renoir (1901–1969). He was the grandfather of the filmmaker [[Claude Renoir]] (1913–1993), son of Pierre.

==Life==
===Youth===
[[File:Renoir A Box at the Theater (At the Concert).jpg|thumb|296x296px|''A Box at the Theater (At the Concert)'', 1880, [[Clark Art Institute]], Williamstown]]
Pierre-Auguste Renoir was born in [[Limoges]], [[Haute-Vienne]], France, in 1841. His father, Léonard Renoir, was a tailor of modest means, so, in 1844, Renoir's family moved to Paris in search of more favorable prospects. The location of their home, in rue d'Argenteuil in central Paris, placed Renoir in proximity to the Louvre. Although the young Renoir had a natural proclivity for drawing, he exhibited a greater talent for singing. His talent was encouraged by his teacher, [[Charles Gounod]], who was the choirmaster at the Church of St Roch at the time. However, due to the family's financial circumstances, Renoir had to discontinue his music lessons and leave school at the age of thirteen to pursue an apprenticeship at a [[porcelain]] factory.<ref>Renoir, Jean: ''[[Renoir, My Father]]'', pages 57–67. Collins, 1962.</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=History & Techniques of the Great Masters: Renoir|last=Jennings|first=Guy|publisher=Quantum Publishing Ltd.|year=2003|isbn=1861604696|location=London|pages=6}}</ref>

Although Renoir displayed a talent for his work, he frequently tired of the subject matter and sought refuge in the galleries of the [[Louvre]]. The owner of the factory recognized his apprentice's talent and communicated this to Renoir's family. Following this, Renoir started taking lessons to prepare for entry into [[École des Beaux-Arts de Paris|Ecole des Beaux Arts]]. When the [[porcelain]] factory adopted mechanical reproduction processes in 1858, Renoir was forced to find other means to support his learning.<ref name=":0" /> Before he enrolled in art school, he also painted hangings for overseas missionaries and decorations on fans.<ref>Vollard, Ambroise: ''Renoir, An Intimate Record'', pages 24–29. Knopf, 1925.</ref>

In 1862, he began studying art under [[Charles Gleyre]] in Paris. There he met [[Alfred Sisley]], [[Frédéric Bazille]], and [[Claude Monet]].<ref>Vollard, page 30.</ref> At times, during the 1860s, he did not have enough money to buy paint. Renoir had his first success at the [[Salon (Paris)|Salon]] of 1868 with his painting ''[[Lise with a Parasol]]'' (1867), which depicted [[Lise Tréhot]], his lover at the time.<ref name="OxfordArtOnline">[[Distel, Anne]]. "Renoir, Auguste." ''Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online''. Oxford University Press. Web. 27 December 2014.</ref> Although Renoir first started exhibiting paintings at the [[Salon of 1864|Paris Salon of 1864]],<ref>Wadley, Nicholas: ''Renoir, A Retrospective'', page 15. Park Lane, 1989.</ref> recognition was slow in coming, partly as a result of the turmoil of the [[Franco-Prussian War]].

During the [[Paris Commune]] in 1871, while Renoir painted on the banks of the [[Seine|Seine River]], some [[Communards]] thought he was a spy and were about to throw him into the river, when a leader of the ''Commune'', [[Raoul Rigault]], recognized Renoir as the man who had protected him on an earlier occasion.<ref>Renoir, Jean, pages 118–21. Different and less life-threatening versions are offered by Paul Valéry and Vollard. In all accounts, however, their re-acquaintance led to great celebration.</ref> In 1874, a ten-year friendship with Jules Le Cœur and his family ended,<ref name="Wadley, page 15">Wadley, page 15.</ref> and Renoir lost not only the valuable support gained by the association but also a generous welcome to stay on their property near [[Fontainebleau]] and [[Forest of Fontainebleau|its scenic forest]]. This loss of a favorite painting location resulted in a distinct change of subjects.

===Adulthood===
Renoir was inspired by the style and subject matter of the previous modern painters [[Camille Pissarro]] and [[Édouard Manet]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haine|first1=Scott|title=The History of France|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=0-313-30328-2| page=[https://archive.org/details/historyoffrance00hain/page/112 112] |edition=1st| year=2000|url-access= registration |url= https://archive.org/details/historyoffrance00hain/page/112}}</ref> After a series of rejections by the Salon juries, he joined forces with Monet, Sisley, Pissarro, and several other artists to mount the [[First Impressionist Exhibition]] in April 1874, in which Renoir displayed six paintings. Although the critical response to the exhibition was largely unfavorable, Renoir's work was comparatively well received.<ref name="OxfordArtOnline"/> That same year, two of his works were shown with [[Paul Durand-Ruel]] in London.<ref name= "Wadley, page 15"/>
[[File:Auguste Renoir - The Swing - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|left|''[[The Swing (Pierre-Auguste Renoir)|The Swing (La Balançoire)]]'', 1876, oil on canvas, [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris]]

Hoping to secure a livelihood by attracting portrait commissions, Renoir displayed mostly portraits at the second Impressionist exhibition in 1876.<ref name="Brodskaya_114"/> He contributed a more diverse range of paintings the next year when the group presented its third exhibition; they included ''Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette'' and ''The Swing''.<ref name="Brodskaya_114">{{cite book| last= Brodskaja| first= Natalja |year= 2010| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=SMqjAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA114 |title= Impressionism| place= London| publisher= Parkstone Press| page= 114 | isbn= 9781844847433}}</ref>  Renoir did not exhibit in the fourth or fifth Impressionist exhibitions, and instead resumed submitting his works to the Salon. By the end of the 1870s, particularly after the success of his painting ''[[Marguerite Charpentier|Mme Charpentier]] and her Children'' (1878) at the Salon of 1879, Renoir was a successful and fashionable painter.<ref name="OxfordArtOnline"/> It was also in 1879 that he met the man who was soon to become his main patron, {{ill|Paul Bérard|fr|Paul-Antoine Bérard}}, who regularly invited him to paint and enjoy the Normandy seaside at the {{ill|Château de Wargemont|fr|Château de Wargemont|lt=Château de Wargemont.}}[[File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Le Moulin de la Galette.jpg|thumb|250px|''Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette'' (''[[Bal du moulin de la Galette]]''), 1876, [[Musée d'Orsay]]]]

In 1881, he traveled to [[Algeria]], a country he associated with [[Eugène Delacroix]],<ref>{{cite book| last1= Poulet| first1= A. L.| last2= Murphy| first2= A. R. |year= 1979| title= Corot to Braque: French Paintings from the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston| page= 117| place= Boston| publisher= The Museum |isbn= 0-87846-134-5}}</ref> then to [[Madrid]], to see the work of [[Diego Velázquez]]. Following that, he traveled to Italy to see [[Titian]]'s masterpieces in [[Florence]] and the paintings of [[Raphael]] in Rome. On 15 January 1882, Renoir met the composer [[Richard Wagner]] at his home in [[Palermo]], Sicily. Renoir painted Wagner's portrait in just thirty-five minutes. In the same year, after contracting pneumonia which permanently damaged his respiratory system, Renoir convalesced for six weeks in Algeria.<ref name="Wadley, page 25">Wadley, p. 25.</ref>

In 1883, Renoir spent the summer in [[Guernsey]], one of [[Channel Islands|the islands]] in the [[English Channel]] with a varied landscape of beaches, cliffs, and bays, where he created fifteen paintings in little over a month. Most of these feature ''Moulin Huet'', a bay in [[Saint Martin's, Guernsey]]. These paintings were the subject of a set of commemorative postage stamps issued by the Bailiwick of Guernsey in 1983. While living and working in Montmartre, Renoir employed [[Suzanne Valadon]] as a model, who posed for him (''The Large Bathers'', 1884–1887; ''[[Dance at Bougival]]'', 1883)<ref>Wadley, pages 371, 374.</ref> and many of his fellow painters; during that time, she studied their techniques and eventually became one of the leading painters of the day. In 1887, the year when [[Queen Victoria]] celebrated her [[Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria|Golden Jubilee]], and upon the request of the queen's associate, Phillip Richbourg, Renoir donated several paintings to the "French Impressionist Paintings" catalog as a token of his loyalty.

[[File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|250px|''[[Luncheon of the Boating Party]]'', 1880–1881, [[The Phillips Collection]], Washington D.C]]

In 1890, he married [[Aline Charigot|Aline Victorine Charigot]], a dressmaker twenty years his junior,<ref>{{cite book |last1= Renoir| first1= Jean |title=Renoir, My Father |date=2001|publisher=NYRB Classics|isbn=0940322773|page=200}}</ref> who, along with a number of the artist's friends, had already served as a model for ''Le Déjeuner des canotiers'' (''[[Luncheon of the Boating Party]]''; she is the woman on the left playing with the dog) in 1881, and with whom he had already had a child, Pierre, in 1885.<ref name="Wadley, page 25"/> After marrying, Renoir painted many scenes of his wife and daily family life including their children and their nurse, Aline's cousin [[Gabrielle Renard]]. The Renoirs had three sons: [[Pierre Renoir]] (1885–1952), who became a stage and film actor; [[Jean Renoir]] (1894–1979), who became a filmmaker of note; and Claude Renoir (1901–1969), who became a ceramic artist.

===Later years===
[[File:Renoir, Pierre-Auguste, by Dornac, BNF Gallica.jpg|thumb|left|Pierre-Auguste Renoir, {{Circa|1910}}]]
Around 1892, Renoir developed [[rheumatoid arthritis]]. In 1907, he moved to the warmer climate of "Les Collettes", a farm at the village of [[Cagnes-sur-Mer]], [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]], close to the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] coast.<ref>Wadley, page 28.</ref> Renoir painted during the last twenty years of his life even after his arthritis severely limited his mobility. He developed progressive deformities in his hands and [[ankylosis]] of his right shoulder, requiring him to change his painting technique. It has often been reported that in the advanced stages of his arthritis, he painted by having a brush strapped to his paralyzed fingers,<ref>André, Albert: ''Renoir''. Crés, 1928.</ref> but this is erroneous; Renoir remained able to grasp a brush, although he required an assistant to place it in his hand.<ref name="bmj">{{cite journal|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/315/7123/1704.full#R6 |title=Boonen, A.; van de Rest, J.; Dequeker, J.; van der Linden, S.: "How Renoir Coped with Rheumatoid Arthritis". ''British Medical Journal'', 1997:315:1704–1708 |journal=BMJ |date=20 December 1997 |volume=315 |issue=7123 |pages=1704–1708 |publisher=Bmj.com |doi=10.1136/bmj.315.7123.1704 |access-date=7 April 2012|last1=Boonen |first1=Annelies |last2=Rest |first2=Jan van de |last3=Dequeker |first3=Jan |last4=Linden |first4=Sjef van der |pmid=9448547 |pmc=2128020 }}</ref> The wrapping of his hands with bandages, apparent in late photographs of the artist, served to prevent skin irritation.<ref name="bmj" />

In 1919, Renoir visited the [[Musée du Louvre|Louvre]] to see his paintings hanging with those of the old masters. During this period, he created sculptures by cooperating with a young artist, [[Richard Guino]], who worked the clay. Due to his limited joint mobility, Renoir also used a moving canvas, or picture roll, to facilitate painting large works.<ref name="bmj" />

Renoir's portrait of the Austrian actress [[Tilla Durieux]] (1914) contains playful flecks of vibrant color on her shawl that offset the classical pose of the actress and highlight Renoir's skill just five years before his death.

Renoir died in Cagnes-sur-Mer on 3 December 1919 at the age of 78.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Renoir Biography, Life & Quotes|url=https://www.theartstory.org/artist/renoir-pierre-auguste/life-and-legacy/|access-date=7 October 2021|website=The Art Story}}</ref>

=== Family legacy ===
Renoir's great-grandson, [[Alexandre Renoir]], has also become a professional artist. In 2018, the Monthaven Arts and Cultural Center in [[Hendersonville, Tennessee]], United States, hosted ''Beauty Remains'', an exhibition of his works. The exhibition title comes from a famous quotation by Renoir who, when asked why he continued to paint with his painful arthritis in his advanced years, replied "The pain passes, but the beauty remains."<ref>{{Cite web| url= https://news.yahoo.com/alexandre-renoir-exhibit-monthaven-arts-190912574.html| title= Alexandre Renoir Exhibit at Monthaven Arts & Cultural Center in Hendersonville| website= news.yahoo.com| date= 9 May 2018|language=en-US|access-date=7 March 2019}}</ref>

==Artworks==
[[File:Two Sisters (On the Terrace).jpg|thumb|left|''[[Two Sisters (On the Terrace)]]'', oil on canvas, 1881, [[Art Institute of Chicago]]]]
Renoir's paintings are notable for their vibrant light and saturated color, most often focusing on people in intimate and candid compositions. The female nude was one of his primary subjects. However, in 1876, a reviewer in [[Le Figaro]] wrote "Try to explain to Monsieur Renoir that a woman's torso is not a mass of decomposing flesh with those purplish green stains that denote a state of complete putrefaction in a corpse."<ref name="Figaro">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2001/jun/16/art|title=La Parisienne, Renoir (1874)|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=16 June 2001 |access-date=29 April 2020}}</ref> Yet in characteristic Impressionist style, Renoir suggested the details of a scene through freely brushed touches of colour, so that his figures softly fuse with one another and their surroundings.

[[File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, 1880, Portrait of Mademoiselle Irène Cahen d'Anvers, Sammlung E.G. Bührle.jpg|thumb|''[[Portrait of Irène Cahen d'Anvers]]'' (''La Petite Irène''), 1880, [[Foundation E.G. Bührle]], Zürich<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.buehrle.ch/sammlung/artwork/detail/portraet-mademoiselle-irene-cahen-danvers-die-kleine-irene/|title=Porträt Mademoiselle Irène Cahen d'Anvers (Die kleine Irene) · Auguste Renoir · Stiftung Sammlung E.G. Bührle|website=www.buehrle.ch}}</ref>]]

His initial paintings show the influence of the colorism of [[Eugène Delacroix]] and the luminosity of [[Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot|Camille Corot]]. He also admired the realism of [[Gustave Courbet]] and [[Édouard Manet]], and his early work resembles theirs in his use of black as a color. Renoir admired [[Edgar Degas]]' sense of movement. Other painters Renoir greatly admired were the 18th-century masters [[François Boucher]] and [[Jean-Honoré Fragonard]].<ref>Rey, Robert: ''La Peinture française à la fin du XIXe siècle, la renaissance du sentiment classique : Degas, Renoir, Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat'', Les Beaux-Arts, Van Oest, 1931 (thesis).</ref>

A fine example of Renoir's early work and evidence of the influence of Courbet's realism, is ''[[Diana (Renoir painting)|Diana]]'', 1867. Ostensibly a mythological subject, the painting is a naturalistic studio work; the figure carefully observed, solidly modeled and superimposed upon a contrived landscape. If the work is a "student" piece, Renoir's heightened personal response to female sensuality is present. The model was Lise Tréhot, the artist's mistress at that time, and inspiration for a number of paintings.<ref>[http://www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/pinfo?Object=46397+0+none "From the Tour: Mary Cassatt"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041111002529/http://www.nga.gov/cgi-bin/pinfo?Object=46397+0+none |date=11 November 2004 }}, August Renoir. Retrieved 7 March 2007.</ref>

In the late 1860s, through the practice of painting light and water ''[[en plein air]]'' (outdoors), he and his friend [[Claude Monet]] discovered that the color of shadows is not brown or black, but the reflected color of the objects surrounding them, an effect known today as [[diffuse reflection]]. Several pairs of paintings exist in which Renoir and Monet worked side-by-side, depicting the same scenes (''La Grenouillère'', 1869).

One of the best-known Impressionist works is Renoir's 1876 ''Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette ([[Bal du moulin de la Galette]])''. The painting depicts an open-air scene, crowded with people at a popular dance garden on the ''Butte Montmartre'' close to where he lived. The works of his early maturity were typically Impressionist snapshots of real life, full of sparkling color and light.

[[File:Renoir Blond Bather.jpg|thumb|One of [[Blonde Bather|a series]], ''Blonde Bather'' (1881), marked a distinct change in style following a trip to Italy. The work is part of the permanent collection of the [[Clark Art Institute]].]]
By the mid-1880s, however, he had broken with the movement to apply a more disciplined formal technique to portraits and figure paintings, particularly of women. It was a trip to Italy in 1881 when he saw works by [[Raphael]], [[Leonardo da Vinci]], [[Titian]], and other [[Renaissance]] masters, that convinced him that he was on the wrong path. At that point he declared, "I had gone as far as I could with Impressionism and I realized I could neither paint nor draw".<ref>Ruggiero, Rocky, ''Renaissancing Renoir'', rockyruggiero.com Making Art and History Come To Life webinar, 19 April 2022</ref>

For the next several years he painted in a more severe style in an attempt to return to classicism.<ref>Clark, Kenneth: ''The Nude'', pages 154–61. Penguin, 1960.</ref> Concentrating on his drawing and emphasizing the outlines of figures, he painted works such as ''[[Blonde Bather]]'' (1881 and 1882) and ''The Large Bathers'' (1884–1887; [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]]) during what is sometimes referred to as his "[[Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres|Ingres]] period".<ref>Asked late in life if he felt an affinity to Ingres, he responded: "I should very much like to", Rey, quoted in Wadley, page 336.</ref>

[[File:Auguste Renoir - Young Girls at the Piano - Google Art Project.jpg|left|thumb|''[[Girls at the Piano]]'', 1892, [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris]]
After 1890 he changed direction again. To dissolve outlines, as in his earlier work, he returned to thinly brushed color.

From this period onward he concentrated on monumental nudes and domestic scenes, fine examples of which are ''[[Girls at the Piano]]'', 1892, and ''[[Les Grandes Baigneuses (Renoir)|Grandes Baigneuses]]'', 1887. The latter painting is the most typical and successful of Renoir's late, abundantly fleshed nudes.<ref>"For me, Renoir becomes a really great artist in the late nudes, above all in ''Les Grandes Baigneuses''". David Sylvester, quoted by Wadley, page 378</ref>

A prolific artist, he created several thousand paintings. The warm sensuality of Renoir's style made his paintings some of the most well-known and frequently reproduced works in the history of art. The single largest collection of his works—181 paintings in all—is at the [[Barnes Foundation]], in [[Philadelphia]], United States.

===Catalogue raisonné===
A five-volume ''[[catalogue raisonné]]'' of Renoir's works (with one supplement) was published by [[Bernheim-Jeune]] between 1983 and 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bernheim-jeune.com/renoir-en/|title=Bernheim-Jeune|access-date=13 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713214904/http://www.bernheim-jeune.com/renoir-en/|archive-date=13 July 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Bernheim-Jeune is the only surviving major art dealer that was used by Renoir. The [[Wildenstein Institute]] is preparing, but has not yet published, a critical catalogue of Renoir's work.<ref>[http://www.wildenstein-institute.fr/spip.php?page=wildenstein-notice&id_article=73&lang=en Wildenstein Institute] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713183551/http://www.wildenstein-institute.fr/spip.php?page=wildenstein-notice&id_article=73&lang=en |date=13 July 2015 }}</ref> A disagreement between these two organizations concerning an unsigned work in [[Picton Castle]] was at the centre of the second episode of the fourth season of the television series ''[[Fake or Fortune]]''.

===Posthumous prints===
In 1919, [[Ambroise Vollard]], a renowned art dealer, published a book on the life and work of Renoir, ''La Vie et l'Œuvre de Pierre-Auguste Renoir'', in an edition of 1000 copies. In 1986, Vollard's heirs started reprinting the copper plates, generally, [[etching]]s with hand applied [[Watercolor painting|watercolor]]. These prints are signed by Renoir in the plate and are embossed "Vollard" in the lower margin. They are not numbered, dated or signed in pencil.

===Posthumous sales===
A small version of ''[[Bal du moulin de la Galette#Smaller version|Bal du moulin de la Galette]]'' sold for $78.1&nbsp;million 17 May 1990 at Sotheby's New York.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-05-18-mn-183-story.html|title=Renoir Work Sells for $78.1 Million : Auction: The painting 'Au Moulin de la Galette' is highlight of Sotheby's offering of Impressionist and modern art. The price is the second highest ever.|first=Times Wire|last=Services|date=18 May 1990|via=LA Times}}</ref>

In 2012, Renoir's ''[[Paysage Bords de Seine]]'' was offered for sale at auction but the painting was discovered to have been stolen from the [[Baltimore Museum of Art]] in 1951. The sale was cancelled.<!-- File:CathedralRouen.JPG -->

==Gallery of paintings==
===Portraits and landscapes===
<gallery widths="250" heights="250" perrow="4">
File:Romaine Lacaux, by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Cleveland Museum of Art, 1942.1065.jpg|''Portrait of Romaine Lacaux'', 1864, [[Cleveland Museum of Art]]
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Spring Bouquet - 1943.277 - Fogg Museum.jpg|''Spring Bouquet'', 1866, [[Fogg Museum]], Cambridge. 
File:Dans la forêt de Fontainebleau 1866.jpg|''Dans la forêt de Fontainebleau'', 1866, Private Collection. 
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Frédéric Bazille.jpg|''[[Frédéric Bazille at his Easel]]'', 1867, [[Musée Fabre]], Montpellier
File:Auguste Renoir - La Grenouillère - Google Art Project.jpg|''La Grenouillère'', 1868, [[Nationalmuseum]], Stockholm
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 110.jpg|''Portrait of [[Alfred Sisley]]'', 1868, [[Foundation E. G. Bührle]], Zürich
File:Auguste Renoir - En été - La bohémienne - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[In Summer (Renoir)|In Summer (En été)]]'', 1868, [[Alte Nationalgalerie]], Berlin
File:Pont-Neuf (1872) - Pierre-Auguste Renoir (National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.).jpg|''Pont-Neuf'', 1872, [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington, D.C.
File:La Loge de P.-A. Renoir (Fondation Vuitton, Paris) (46499625955).jpg|''[[La Loge]] (The Theatre Box)'', 1874, [[The Courtauld Institute of Art]], London
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Danseuse.jpg|''The Dancer'', 1874, [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington, D.C.
File:Renoirgarden.jpg|''Woman with a Parasol in a Garden'', 1875, [[Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum]], Madrid
File:Pierre August Renoir, Claude Monet Reading.jpg|''Portrait of [[Claude Monet]] reading'', c. 1875, [[Musée Marmottan Monet]], Paris, France
File:Les Grands Boulevards - Renoir - 1875 - NG.jpg|''[[The Grands Boulevards]]'', 1875, [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]]
File:Auguste Renoir - A Girl with a Watering Can - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[A Girl with a Watering Can]]'', 1876, [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington, D.C.
File:Eugène Murer (Hyacinthe-Eugène Meunier, 1841–1906) MET DT1882.jpg|''[[Eugène Murer (Renoir)|Portrait of Eugène Murer]]'', 1876, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York 
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - La Promenade - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Mother and Children]]'', 1876, [[Frick Collection]], New York
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 096.jpg|''Portrait of [[Jeanne Samary]]'', 1877, [[Pushkin Museum]], Moscow
File:Renoir - Madame Georges Charpentier et ses enfants.jpg|''Mme. Charpentier and her children'', 1878, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York
File:Campo de trigo.jpg|''Wheatfield'', 1879, [[Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum]], Madrid
File:La Yole - The Skiff - Renoir.jpg|Pierre-Auguste Renoir, ''Boating on the Seine (La Yole)'', c. 1879, [[National Gallery]], London
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - By the Water.jpg|''By the Water'', 1880, [[Art Institute of Chicago]], Chicago, Illinois
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, The Umbrellas, ca. 1881-86.jpg|''[[The Umbrellas (Renoir)|The Umbrellas]]'', c. 1880–1886, [[National Gallery]], London
File:Renoir Девушки в черном.jpg|''[[Young Women in Black]]'', c.1880–1882, [[Pushkin Museum]], Moscow 
File:Renoir Mlles Cahen d Anvers.jpg|''[[Pink and Blue (Renoir)|Pink and Blue]]'' showing Alice and Elisabeth Cahen d'Anvers, 1881, [[São Paulo Museum of Art]], São Paulo
File:Pierre Auguste Renoir - The Piazza San Marco, Venice - Google Art Project.jpg|''The Piazza San Marco, Venice'', 1881 [[Minneapolis Institute of Art]]
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Jeanne Henriot.jpg|''Fillette au chapeau bleu'', 1881, ([[Jane Henriot]]), private collection
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 107.jpg|''Portrait of Charles and Georges [[Durand-Ruel]]'', 1882
File:Dance-At-Bougival.jpg|''[[Dance at Bougival]]'', 1882–1883, (woman at left is painter [[Suzanne Valadon]]), [[Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|Boston Museum of Fine Arts]]
File:Pierre Auguste Renoir - Country Dance - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Dance in the Country]]'' (''Aline Charigot and Paul Lhote''), 1883, [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 019.jpg|''[[Dance in the City]]'', 1883, [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Children on the Seashore, Guernsey (Enfants au bord de la mer à Guernesey) - BF10 - Barnes Foundation.jpg|''Children at the Beach at [[Guernsey]],'' 1883, [[Barnes Foundation]], Philadelphia
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Sailor Boy (Portrait of Robert Nunès) - BF325 - Barnes Foundation.jpg|''Jeune garçon sur la plage d'Yport'', 1883, [[Barnes Foundation]], Philadelphia
File:Girl with a Hoop.JPG|''Girl With a Hoop'', 1885, [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington, D.C.
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Suzanne Valadon - La Natte - Girl Braiding Her Hair.jpg|''[[The Braid|Girl Braiding Her Hair]] ([[Suzanne Valadon]])'', 1885, Langmatt Museum, Baden
File:Still Life with Flowers and Prickly Pears MET DP257756.jpg|''Still Life with Flowers and Prickly Pears'', 1885, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York
File:Pierre Auguste Renoir - Portrait of Mme. Paulin - Google Art Project.jpg|''Portrait of madame Paulin'', c. 1885–1890, [[Israel Museum]], Jerusalem
File:Pierre Auguste Renoir - Paysage à La Roche-Guyon.jpg|''Paysage à La Roche-Guyon'', c. 1887, Pérez Simón Collection, Mexico City
File:Auguste Renoir - Julie Manet - Google Art ProjectFXD.jpg|''[[Julie Manet]] with cat,'' 1887, [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Jeune fille au ruban bleu.jpg|''[[Young Woman with a Blue Choker]]'', 1888, [[Museum of Fine Arts of Lyon]]
File:Two Girls Reading LACMA M.68.46.1.jpg|'' Girls Reading'', c. 1890–1891, [[LACMA]], Los Angeles
File:Renoir - Jeune fille se peignant (La Toilette), 1894.jpg|''Young Girl with Red Hair'', 1894, Private Collection
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Christine Lerolle brodant.jpg|''Christine Lerolle Embroidering'', 1895, [[Columbus Museum of Art]] 
File:Gabrielle et Jean, by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, from C2RMF cropped.jpg|''[[Gabrielle Renard]] and infant son [[Jean Renoir]]'', 1895, [[Musée de l'Orangerie]], Paris
File:Renoir - The guitar player, c. 1896.jpg|''The guitar player'', 1896, [[National Gallery of Victoria]], Melbourne
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - The Artist's Family (La Famille de l'artiste) - BF819 - Barnes Foundation.jpg|''The Artist's Family'', 1896, The [[Barnes Foundation]], Philadelphia
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 042.jpg|''[[Gabrielle with Open Blouse]]'', 1907, [[Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art]]
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 106.jpg|''Portrait of [[Ambroise Vollard]]'', 1908, [[Courtauld Institute of Art]], London
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Jean en tant que Chasseur (1910).jpg|''Portrait of Jean Renoir as a Huntsman'', 1910, [[LACMA]], Los Angeles
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 113.jpg|''Portrait of [[Paul Durand-Ruel]]'', 1910
File:The Farm at Les Collettes, Cagnes MET DT215205.jpg|''[[The Farm at Les Collettes, Cagnes]]'', c. 1908–1914, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Vera Sergine Renoir.jpg|''Portrait of Vera Sergine Renoir'', 1918, [[Botero Museum]], Bogotá
</gallery>

===Self-portraits===
<gallery widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Autoportrait, 1875.jpg|''[[Self-portrait]]'', 1875
File:Renoir, Pierre-Auguste - Self-portrait - Harvard Art Museums.Fogg Museum.jpg|''[[Self-portrait]]'', 1876
File:Renoir Self-Portrait 1910.jpg|''[[Self-portrait]]'', 1910
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Autoportrait 5.JPG|''[[Self-portrait]]'', 1910
</gallery>

===Nudes===
<gallery widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 020.jpg|''[[Diana (Renoir painting)|Diana]]'', 1867, The [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington, D.C.
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Torse, effet de soleil.jpg|''Nude in the Sun'', 1875, [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris
File:Femme Nue dans un Paysage, by Pierre-Auguste Renoir, from C2RMF cropped.jpg|''Seated Girl'', 1883
File:The river (Le Fleuve) - Renoir - 1885.jpg|''The river (Le Fleuve)'', 1885
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French - The Large Bathers - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[Les Grandes Baigneuses (Renoir)|The Large Bathers]]'', 1887, [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]]
File:1887, Renoir, Nu Dans un Paysage.jpg|''Nude in a Landscape'', 1887, [[Princeton University Art Museum]]
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Trois Baigneuses au crabe.jpg|''Three Bathers'', 1895, Cleveland Museum of Art [[Cleveland]], Ohio
File:Renoir's Nude.jpg|''[[Nude (Renoir, Belgrade, 1910)|Nude]]'', [[National Museum of Serbia]], Belgrade
File:Renoir18.jpg|''[[After the Bath (Renoir)|After The Bath]]'', 1910, [[Barnes Foundation]], Philadelphia
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir 030.jpg|''Woman at the Well'', 1910
File:Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Baigneuse assise s'essuyant une jambe.jpg|''Seated Bather Drying Her Leg'', 1914, [[Musée de l'Orangerie]], Paris
File:Bathing Women (Auguste Renoir) - Nationalmuseum - 19163.tif|''Women Bathers'', 1916, [[National Museum]], Stockholm
File:Pierre Auguste Renoir Les baigneuses.jpg|''Bathers'', 1918, [[Barnes Foundation]], Philadelphia
</gallery>

===Interactive image===
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====Close-ups====
{{multiple image|align=left|caption_align=center|total_width=800
|header_align=center
|header=''[[Luncheon of the Boating Party]]'' (1881) - Details of the Women
|image1=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Aline Charigot).jpg
|width1=230
|height1=240
|caption1=[[Aline Charigot]]
|image2=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Angèle Legault).jpg
|width2=590
|height2=651
|caption2=[[Luncheon of the Boating Party#Subjects depicted|Angèle Legault]]
|image3=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Alphonsine Fournaise).jpg
|width3=400
|height3=421
|caption3=[[Maison Fournaise|Louise-Alphonsine Fournaise]]
|image4=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party (Detail of Ellen Andrée).jpg
|width4=344
|height4=600
|caption4=[[Ellen Andrée]]
|image5=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Jeanne Samary).jpg
|width5=330
|height5=431
|caption5=[[Jeanne Samary]]
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{{multiple image|align=left|caption_align=center|total_width=800
|header_align=center
|header=''[[Luncheon of the Boating Party]]'' (1881) - Details of the Men
|image1=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Alphonse Fournaise).jpg
|width1=595
|height1=621
|caption1=[[Maison Fournaise|Alphonse Fournaise Jr.]]
|image2=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Pierre Lestringuèz).jpg
|width2=425
|height2=446
|caption2=[[Luncheon of the Boating Party#Subjects depicted|Pierre Lestringuèz]]
|image3=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Paul Lhôte).jpg
|width3=250
|height3=350
|caption3=[[Luncheon of the Boating Party#Subjects depicted|Paul Lhôte]]
|image4=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Jules Laforgue).jpg
|width4=265
|height4=335
|caption4=[[Jules Laforgue]]
|image5=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Antonio Maggiolo).jpg
|width5=455
|height5=646
|caption5=[[Luncheon of the Boating Party#Subjects depicted|Antonio Maggiolo]]
|image6=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Gustave Caillebotte).jpg
|width6=550
|height6=656
|caption6=[[Gustave Caillebotte]]
|image7=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Charles Ephrussi).jpg
|width7=285
|height7=381
|caption7=[[Charles Ephrussi]]
|image8=Pierre-Auguste Renoir - Luncheon of the Boating Party - Google Art Project (Raoul Barbier).jpg
|width8=420
|height8=506
|caption8=[[Luncheon of the Boating Party#Subjects depicted|Raoul Barbier]]
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}}
{{clear}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Biography}}
*[[List of paintings by Pierre-Auguste Renoir]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book | author=Claude Roger-Marx | title=Les Lithographies de Renoir | location=Monte-Carlo | publisher=Andre Sauret | year=1952 | author-link=Claude Roger-Marx }}
* {{cite book | author=Joseph G. Stella | title=The Graphic Work of Renoir: Catalogue Raisonne | location=London | publisher=Lund Humphries | year=1975}}
* {{cite book | author=Jean Leymarie et Michel Melot | title=Les Gravures Des Impressionistes, Manet, Pissarro, Renoir, Cezanne, Sisley | location=Paris | publisher=Arts et Metiers Graphiques | year=1971 }}
* Kang, Cindy. [http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/augu/hd_augu.htm "Auguste Renoir (1841–1919)."] In ''Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History''. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (May 2011)
* {{cite book | author=Michel Melot | title=The Impressionist Print | location=New Haven | publisher=Yale University Press | year=1996 }}
* {{cite book | author=Theodore Duret | title=Renoir | location=Paris | publisher=Bernheim-Jeune | year=1924 }}
* {{cite book | author=Paul Haeserts | title=Renoir Sculpteur | location=Bruxelles | publisher=Hermès | year=1947 }}

==External links==
{{Commons and category|Pierre-Auguste Renoir}}
{{wikiquote|Pierre-Auguste Renoir}}On 7 December 2019 the [https://Www.albertasymphony.com Alberta Symphony Orchestra] presented a [http://www.albertasymphony.com/eventexample-of-event/action~oneday/exact_date~7-12-2019/#event|tribute-to-renoir|5 Tribute to Renoir] at Triffo Theater in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, under the direction of pianist and conductor [https://www.emiliodemercato.com Emilio De Mercato], for the 100th anniversary of the death of Renoir.

*{{Art UK bio}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Pierre-Auguste Renoir}}
*[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/18/arts/design/18renoir.html?_r=1 Avant-Gardist in Retreat, Holland Cotter, ''The New York Times'', 17 June 2010]
*[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/78705/rec/222 ''Impressionism: a centenary exhibition''], an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Renoir (p.&nbsp;179–200)
* [https://publications.artic.edu/renoir/reader/paintingsanddrawings/section/138973 ''Renoir works at the Art Institute of Chicago''], a digital catalogue
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Renoir, Firmin Auguste |short=x}}
* {{FrenchSculptureCensus}}
* {{YouTube|Qo886LaxmD0|Renoir, ''La Promenade''}}, (1:49) [[Frick Collection]]
* {{YouTube|4AgiBlkavqU|''Renoir, Impressionism, and Full-Length Painting,' An Introduction to the Exhibition''}}, (6:14) [[Frick Collection]]

{{Impressionists}}
{{Pierre-Auguste Renoir|state=expanded}}
{{Jean Renoir}}
{{Authority control (arts)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Renoir, Pierre-Auguste}}
[[Category:Pierre-Auguste Renoir| ]]
[[Category:1841 births]]
[[Category:1919 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Limoges]]
[[Category:French portrait painters]]
[[Category:French Impressionist painters]]
[[Category:19th-century French painters]]
[[Category:French male painters]]
[[Category:20th-century French painters]]
[[Category:20th-century French male artists]]
[[Category:École des Beaux-Arts alumni]]
[[Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Officers of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:French people of the Franco-Prussian War]]
[[Category:Members of the Ligue de la patrie française]]
[[Category:People of Montmartre]]
[[Category:Renoir family|Pierre-Auguste]]