View source for Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike

{{Use American English|date=May 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox road
| state = PA
| name = Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike
| alternate_name = 
| maint = [[Pennsylvania Department of Transportation|PennDOT]]
| length_mi = 73.33
| length_round = 2
| length_ref = <ref name="DeLorme">[[DeLorme]] Street Atlas 2007, Toggle Measure Tool.  Retrieved on July 2, 2007.</ref>
| length_notes = Route to Columbia included (10.86&nbsp;mi)
| established = 1792 (first used 1795)
| allocation = [[File:LincolnHighwayMarker.svg|22px]] [[Lincoln Highway]] from [[Columbia, Pennsylvania|Columbia]] to [[Lower Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania|Lower Merion]]<br/>{{jct|state=PA|PA|462}} from Columbia to [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania|Lancaster]]<br>
{{jct|state=PA|PA|23}} in Lancaster<br>
{{jct|state=PA|US|30}} from Lancaster to [[Sadsbury Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania|Sadsbury Township]]<br>{{jct|state=PA|US-Bus|30|dab1=Chester County}} from Sadsbury Township to [[Frazer, Pennsylvania|Frazer]]<br>{{jct|state=PA|US|30}} from Frazer to [[Philadelphia]]<br>• '''SR 3012''' and '''SR 3005''' in Philadelphia<br/>• '''Lancaster Walk''' (a pedestrian walkway) at [[Drexel University]] campus between 34th and Market Streets
| direction_a = West
| terminus_a = {{jct|state=PA|PA|462}} in Columbia
| direction_b = East
| terminus_b = {{jct|state=PA|PA|3}} in Philadelphia
| counties = [[Lancaster County, Pennsylvania|Lancaster]], [[Chester County, Pennsylvania|Chester]], [[Delaware County, Pennsylvania|Delaware]], [[Montgomery County, Pennsylvania|Montgomery]], [[Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]]
| embedded = {{designation list|embed=yes|designation1=Pennsylvania|designation1_date=November 20, 1999<ref name="PAHMDB">{{cite web|url=http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/pennsylvania_historical_marker_program/2539/search_for_historical_markers |title=PHMC Historical Markers Search |work=Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission |publisher=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania | format=Searchable database | access-date=January 25, 2014}}</ref>}}
}}
[[File:Lancaster Road.jpg|Old Lancaster Road and Lancaster Avenue in [[Lower Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania|Lower Merion Township]]|thumb|right|220px]]
The '''Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike''', first used in 1795, is the first long-distance [[Road surface|paved road]] built in the [[United States]], according to engineered plans and specifications.<ref name="fhwa">{{cite web|title=The Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road|url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/rakeman/1795.htm|publisher=[[Federal Highway Administration]]|access-date=May 29, 2006}}</ref> It links [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania]], and [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]] at 34th Street, stretching for sixty-two miles. It was later extended by the Lancaster and Susquehanna Turnpike to the [[Susquehanna River]] in [[Columbia, Pennsylvania|Columbia]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bridges, Roads, and Turnpikes Collection, 1767-1968|url=https://www.lancasterhistory.org/finding-aids/bridges-roads-and-turnpikes-collection-1767-1968/|access-date=2020-12-10|website=LancasterHistory|language=en-US}}</ref>  The route is now designated [[Pennsylvania Route 462]] from the western terminus to [[US 30 (PA)|US 30]] just southeast of Lancaster, at which point US 30 (and US 30 Business in Chester County) follows the route to Philadelphia. The US 30 portion ends at [[Girard Avenue]] in the [[Parkside, Pennsylvania|Parkside]] neighborhood of Philadelphia, where '''State Route 3012''' is designated on the road to Belmont Avenue. At Belmont Avenue, the road changes designation to '''State Route 3005''' and runs to the eastern terminus at 34th Street. Historically, Lancaster Pike terminated at [[Market Street (Philadelphia)|Market Street]] before [[Drexel University]] took over the stretch between 32nd and 34th Streets and turned the road into a pedestrian walkway known as '''Lancaster Walk'''.<ref name="Philadelphia 1">{{Cite FTP |title=Philadelphia County|url=ftp://ftp.dot.state.pa.us/public/pdf/BPR_PDF_FILES/Maps/Type_10_GHS_Historical_Scans/Philadelphia_2005_Sheet_1.pdf|year=2005|page=1|server=Pennsylvania Department of Transportation|url-status=dead|access-date=July 2, 2007}}</ref>
[[File:Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road 1795.jpg|left|thumb|Share of the "Company of the Lancaster and Turnpike Road", issued 16 March 1795]]
It was the first turnpike of importance, and because the Commonwealth of [[Pennsylvania]] could not afford to pay for its construction, it was privately built by the '''Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road Company''', making it an early example of a public-private partnership for American infrastructure.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Buxbaum |first1=Jeffrey N |title=Public Sector Decision Making for Public-private Partnerships |date=2009 |publisher=Transportation Research Board |location=Washington, DC |isbn=978-0-309-09829-8 |page=9}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Philadelphia & Lancaster Turnpike|work=Lifelong Learning Online|url=http://www.l3-lewisandclark.com/ShowOneObject.asp?SiteID=29&ObjectID=383|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020827091522/http://www.l3-lewisandclark.com/ShowOneObject.asp?SiteID=29&ObjectID=383|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 27, 2002|access-date=May 29, 2006}}</ref>  Credited as the country's first engineered road, its ground was broken in 1792.<ref>{{cite web|title=Philadelphia & Lancaster Turnpike|work=Explore Pennsylvania History|url=http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=373|access-date=May 29, 2006}}</ref>  By the 1840s, the use of railroads and canals dealt a serious blow to the companies who specialized in the manufacture of wagons and coaches. During the next fifty years, the road suffered from lack of use and maintenance, but later saw recovery with the invention of the automobile.

[[File:Lancaster Avenue end.jpg|Near the end at 34th Street.  Lancaster Avenue ends as a road, but continues as the “Lancaster Walk” pedestrian walkway on the campus of [[Drexel University]]|thumb|220px|left]]
In 1876, the parallel [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] bought the turnpike from 52nd Street in Philadelphia west to [[Paoli, Pennsylvania|Paoli]] for $20,000 (equal to ${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|20000|1876}}}} today) to prevent competing [[Tram|streetcar]] companies from building along it. In 1913, the turnpike became part of the transcontinental [[Lincoln Highway]], and tolls continued to be collected until 1917, when the [[Pennsylvania Department of Transportation|State Highway Department]] bought it for $165,000, equal to ${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|165000|1917}}}} today.<ref name="Butko">{{cite book|first=Brian|last=Butko|title=The Lincoln Highway: Pennsylvania Traveler's Guide|isbn=0-8117-2497-2|pages=50–51}}</ref> In 1926 it was designated as part of [[U.S. Route 30 in Pennsylvania|U.S. Route 30]] along with the rest of the original [[United States Numbered Highway System|United States Numbered Highways]].

==Major intersections==
{{PAinttop|length_ref=<ref name="DeLorme" />}}
{{PAint
|county=Lancaster
|cspan=15
|location=Columbia
|lspan=2
|mile=0.00
|mspan=2
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|462|dir1=west|name1=Chestnut Street|city1=Wrightsville}}
|notes=Continuation west into [[Wrightsville, Pennsylvania|Wrightsville]] on the [[Columbia-Wrightsville Bridge]]
}}
{{PAint
|mile=none
|road={{jct|state=PA|road|North 3rd Street|to2=to|PA|441|city1=Washington Boro|city2=Marietta}}
|notes=
}}
{{PAint
|location=Lancaster Township
|ctdab=Lancaster
|mile=7.73
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|741|name1=Rorherstown Road / Millersville Road|city1=East Petersburg|city2=New Danville}}
}}
{{PAint
|location=Lancaster
|lspan=7
|type=concur
|mile=9.76
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|23|dir1=west|name1=College Avenue}}
|notes=West end of PA 23 westbound overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|mile=10.48
|type=incomplete
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|999|dir1=west|name1=Manor Street}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of PA 999; eastbound access only
}}
{{PAint
|mile=10.74
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|222|PA|272|dir1=south|dir2=south|name2=Prince Street}}
|notes=Southbound [[one-way pair]] of US 222/PA 272
}}
{{PAint
|mile=10.86
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|72|dir1=north|name1=Queen Street}}
|notes=Northbound one-way PA 72
}}
{{PAint
|mile=11.10
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|222|PA|272|dir1=south|dir2=north|name2=Lime Street}}
|notes=Northbound one-way pair of US 222/PA 272
}}
{{PAint
|type=concur
|mile=11.84
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|23|dir1=east|name1=Broad Street}}
|notes=East end of PA 23 westbound overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|mile=12.74
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|340|dir1=east|name1=Old Philadelphia Pike}}
|notes=Western terminus of PA 340
}}
{{PAint
|location=East Lampeter Township
|type=trans
|mile=14.54
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|30|dir1=west|to2=to|PA|283|dir2=west|city1=York|city2=Harrisburg}}<br/>{{jct|state=PA|PA|462|dir1=ends|nolink1=yes}}
|notes=Interchange; eastern terminus of PA 462; west end of US 30 overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|location=Ronks
|mile=17.03
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|896|name1=Eastbrook Road / Hartman Bridge Road|city1=Strasburg}}
}}
{{PAint
|location=Gap
|lspan=3
|mile=25.92
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|772|dir1=west|name1=Newport Road}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of PA 772
}}
{{PAint
|mile=26.32
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|41|dir1=south|name1=Gap Newport Pike|location1=[[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington, DE]]}}
|notes=Northern terminus of PA 41
}}
{{PAint
|mile=26.66
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|897|dir1=north|name1=White Horse Road}}
|notes=Southern terminus of PA 897
}}
{{PAint
|county=Chester
|cspan=17
|location=West Sadsbury Township
|lspan=2
|mile=31.10
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|10|name1=Octorara Trail|city1=Honey Brook|city2=Parkesburg}}
}}
{{PAint
|mile=31.50
|type=trans 
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|30|dir1=east|name1=Coatesville Downingtown Bypass|city1=Coatesville|city2=Downingtown}}<br>{{jct|state=PA|US-Bus|30|dab1=Chester County|dir1=begins|nolink1=yes}}
|notes=Interchange; eastbound access to eastbound US&nbsp;30 and westbound access from westbound US&nbsp;30; east end of US 30 overlap; western terminus of [[U.S. Route 30 Business (Chester County, Pennsylvania)|US 30 Bus.]]
}}
{{PAint
|location=Coatesville
|lspan=2
|type=concur
|mile=36.59
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|82|dir1=south|name1=Strode Avenue}}
|notes=West end of PA 82 overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|type=concur
|mile=37.00
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|82|dir1=north|name1=North 1st Avenue|to2=yes|US|30}}
|notes=East end of PA 82 overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|location=Thorndale
|mile=41.24
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|340|dir1=west|name1=Bondsville Road|city1=Wagontown}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of PA 340
}}
{{PAint
|location=Downingtown
|lspan=4
|type=concur
|mile=43.48
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|322|dir1=west|name1=Manor Avenue|to2=to|US|30}}
|notes=West end of US 322 overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|type=concur
|mile=43.66
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|322|dir1=east|name1=Brandywine Avenue|city1=West Chester}}<br>{{jct|state=PA|US-Truck|322|dab1=Downingtown|dir1=begins}}
|notes=East end of US 322 overlap; west end of US 322 Truck overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|mile=43.80
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|282|dir1=west|name1=Green Street}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of PA 282
}}
{{PAint
|mile=44.18
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|113|dir1=north|name1=West Uwchlan Avenue|to2=yes|PATP}}
|notes=Southern terminus of PA 113
}}
{{PAint
|location=East Caln Township
|lspan=2
|type=concur
|mile=45.26
|road={{jct|state=PA|road|Quarry Road|name1=[[Special routes of U.S. Route 322#Downingtown truck route|US 322 Truck]] east|to2=yes|US|30|dir2=east|city1=King of Prussia}}
|notes=Eastern end of US&nbsp;322 Truck concurrency 
}}
{{PAint
|mile=45.41
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|30|dir1=west|name1=Coatesville–Downingtown Bypass|city1=Coatesville|city2=Lancaster}}
|type=incomplete
|notes=Interchange; access to and from westbound US 30
}}
{{PAint
|location=Exton
|mile=47.98
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|100|name1=Pottstown Pike|to2=to|PATP||city1=Pottstown|city2=West Chester}}
}}
{{PAint
|location=West Whiteland Township
|mile=50.29
|type=trans
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|30|dir1=west|name1=Exton Bypass|city1=Downingtown}}<br>{{jct|state=PA|US|202|city1=King of Prussia|city2=West Chester}}<br>{{jct|state=PA|US-Bus|30|dab1=Chester County|dir1=ends|nolink1=yes}}
|notes=Interchange; eastern terminus of [[U.S. Route 30 Business (Chester County, Pennsylvania)|US 30 Bus.]]; west end of US 30 overlap 
}}
{{PAint
|location=Frazer
|mile=51.65
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|352|dir1=south|name1=Sproul Road|city1=Chester|location2=[[Immaculata University]]}}
|notes=Northern terminus of PA 352
}}
{{PAint
|location=Malvern
|lspan=2
|mile=53.21
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|401|dir1=west|name1=[[Conestoga Road]]|city1=Elverson}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of PA 401
}}
{{PAint
|mile=53.62
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|29|dir1=north|name1=Morehall Road|to2=to|US|202|city1=Phoenixville}}
|notes=Southern terminus of PA 29
}}
{{PAint
|location=Paoli
|mile=56.14
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|252|name1=Bear Hill Road / Leopard Road|city1=Valley Forge|city2=Newtown Square}}
}}
{{PAint
|county=Delaware
|cspan=2
|location=Villanova
|lspan=2
|mile=62.93
|road={{jct|state=PA|I|476|name1=Mid-County Expressway|city1=Plymouth Meeting|city2=Chester}}
|notes=Exit 13 on I-476
}}
{{PAint
|mile=63.26
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|320|name1=North Spring Mill Road / Sproul Road}}
}}
{{jctco|state=PA|county=Montgomery|township=Lower Merion}}
{{jctco|state=PA|county=Delaware}}
{{PAint
|county1=Montgomery
|county2=Philadelphia
|location1=Lower Merion Township
|location2=Philadelphia
|mile=69.35
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|1|name1=City Avenue|city1=Bala Cynwyd|city2=Upper Darby}}
}}
{{PAint
|county=Philadelphia
|cspan=6
|location=Philadelphia
|lspan=6
|type=trans 
|mile=71.56
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|30|dir1=east|name1=[[Girard Avenue]]}}<br>{{jct|state=PA|QR|3012|dir1=begins|nolink1=yes}}
|notes=East end of US 30 overlap; western terminus of SR 3012
}}
{{PAint
|type=trans 
|mile=72.00
|road={{jct|state=PA|QR|3005|county1=Philadelphia|name1=Belmont Avenue|road|44th Street}}<br>{{jct|state=PA|QR|3012|dir1=ends|nolink1=yes}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of SR 3012; west end of SR 3005 overlap
}}
{{PAint
|mile=73.04
|road={{jct|state=PA|US|13|name1=Powelton Avenue}}
}}
{{PAint
|type=trans
|mile=73.33
|road=North 34th Street<br>{{jct|state=PA|QR|3005|dir1=ends|nolink1=yes}}
|notes=Eastern terminus of SR 3005; route transitions to pedestrian walkway called “Lancaster Walk”
}}
{{PAint
|mile=74.33
|road={{jct|state=PA|PA|3|name1=[[Market Street (Philadelphia)|Market Street]]}}
|notes=Eastern terminus
}}
{{jctbtm|keys=concur,incomplete,trans}}
==See also==
*{{Portal-inline|U.S. Roads}}
*{{Portal-inline|Pennsylvania}}
*{{Portal-inline|Philadelphia}}
*[[Great Wagon Road]]
*[[Lincoln Highway]]
*[[Colossus Bridge (Philadelphia)|"The Colossus", 1813 bridge]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{GeoGroup}}
{{Commons}}
* [http://www.pahighways.com/us/US30.html Pennsylvania Highways: US 30]
* [http://www.jflashphoto.com/lancav/lancavhme/lahme.htm Lancaster Avenue: Turn of the Millennium]. Photographs along the Lancaster Turnpike in Philadelphia.

{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|40.0367|-76.3122|type:landmark_source:enwiki-googlemaplink|display=title}}

[[Category:Lincoln Highway]]
[[Category:Pre-freeway turnpikes in the United States]]
[[Category:History of Lancaster, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Streets in Philadelphia]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 30]]
[[Category:1795 establishments in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Historic trails and roads in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Transportation in Lancaster, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Transportation in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Transportation in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Transportation in Chester County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Transportation in Delaware County, Pennsylvania]]