View source for Perekop

{{short description|Village in Crimea}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox--See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
| settlement_type    = [[Village (Ukraine)|Village]]
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = 
| subdivision_type1        = [[Republic]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Crimea]]
| timezone                 = [[Moscow Time|MSK]]
| utc_offset               = +4
| timezone_DST             = 
| utc_offset_DST           = 
| official_name            = Perekop
| native_name              = {{lang|uk|Перекоп}}<br/>{{lang|chr|Or Qapı}}
| image_shield             = 
| image_flag               = 
| subdivision_type2        = [[Crimea#Administrative divisions|Region]]
| subdivision_name2        = [[Armiansk municipality]]
| pushpin_map              = Crimea#Ukraine#European Russia#Black Sea
| pushpin_label_position   = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location of Perekop within the Crimea
| pushpin_mapsize          = 
| pushpin_relief           = 0
| coordinates              = {{coord|46|9|42|N|33|41|34|E|region:UA|display=inline}}
| elevation_m              = 5
| population_total         = 919
| population_as_of         = 2015|
| postal_code_type         = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code              = 96011|
| area_code                = +380-6567
| blank1_info              = Or Qapı, Taphros
| blank1_name              = [[List of renamed cities in Ukraine|Former names]]|
| blank2_name              = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank2_info              = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]
| website                  = 
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
| mapframe-wikidata = yes
| mapframe-marker = village
}}

'''Perekop''' ([[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] & [[Russian language|Russian]]: Перекоп; {{Langx|crh|Or Qapı}}; {{Langx|el|Τάφρος and Τάφραι<ref name="Stephanus">[https://topostext.org/work/241#T609.9 Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica, §T609.9]</ref> and Τάφρη<ref name="Stephanus"/>}}) is a village located on the [[Perekop Isthmus]] connecting the [[Crimean peninsula]] to the [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] mainland. It is known for the [[Or Qapi]] fortress, which served as the gateway to Crimea. The village currently is part of [[Armiansk Municipality]]. Population: {{Crimea-census2014|919|punct=.}}

==Name==
The original name was of the Greek settlement of ''Taphros'' ({{langx|grc|Τάφρος}}) which means a dug-out locality. The people were called Taphrians ({{langx|grc|Τάφριοι}})<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.perseus-grc1:7.3.19 Strabo, Geography, §7.3.19]</ref>

Thereafter it was known by the equivalent name of ''Or Qapı'' in the [[Crimean Tatar language]] meaning ''Or'' - trench and ''Qapı'' - gate. In the [[Middle Ages]], Perekop was known as Tuzla.<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Perekop |volume=21 |page=138}}</ref> Subsequently, it was known as ''Perekop'' in the [[Slavic languages]], which literally means an over-dug locality.

==History==
Due to its key position, Perekop has endured [[Siege of Perekop (disambiguation)|many sieges]].

During the [[Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739)]], Russian field marshal [[Burkhard Christoph von Munnich]] [[Siege of Perekop (1736)|successfully stormed the fortifications]] on June&nbsp;17, 1736 and left the Tatar fortress in ruins. This was a serious, if not mortal, blow to the independence of the Crimean Khanate.

The town was virtually wiped out during the [[Siege of Perekop (1920)|Siege of Perekop]] by the [[Red Army]] in 1920. The siege was a key episode of the [[Russian Civil War]]. The success of the [[Bolsheviks]] allowed them to oust [[Pyotr Wrangel]]'s [[White Army]] from the [[Crimea]]. Twelve years later, the [[Soviets]] founded the new town of [[Krasnoperekopsk]] {{Convert|32|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the south.

During [[World War II]], Perekop was occupied by the [[Wehrmacht|German Army]] from [[Crimean Campaign|September 27, 1941]] to November 1, 1943. The capture of Perekop (by both the [[Wehrmacht]] in 1941 and the Red Army in 1943) was used to cut off Crimea from [[Ukraine]].

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* [http://gska2.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=20.10.2003&rf7571=558 Registration card at Verkhovna Rada]{{dead link|date=March 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://dir.icm.edu.pl/pl/Slownik_geograficzny/Tom_VII/957 Description of Perekop at the geographical dictionary of Polish Kingdom]
* [http://www.hrono.ru/heraldicum/russia/lost/towns/perekop.htm Perekop's Coat of Arms]
* [http://www.perekop.info/ A website dedicated to Perekop]

{{Coord|46|9|42|N|33|41|34|E|region:UA_type:city|display=title}}

{{Armiansk municipality}}

[[Category:Armiansk Municipality]]
[[Category:Villages in Crimea]]
[[Category:Perekopsky Uyezd]]

{{Crimea-geo-stub}}