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{{Short description|German philosopher and historian (1854–1924)}}
{{for|the Danish Olympic sailor|Paul Natorp (sailor)}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox philosopher
|region = [[Western philosophy]]
|era    = [[19th-century philosophy]]
|name                = Paul Natorp
|image               = Paul Natorp.jpg
|caption             =
|birth_date          = 24 January 1854 
|birth_place         = [[Düsseldorf]], [[Rhine Province]], [[Kingdom of Prussia]], [[German Confederation]]
|death_date          = 17 August 1924 (aged 70)
|death_place         = [[Marburg]], [[Province of Hesse-Nassau]], [[Free State of Prussia]], [[Weimar Republic|Germany]]
|school_tradition = [[Neo-Kantianism]] ([[Marburg school]])
|main_interests   = [[Philosophical logic]]
|notable_ideas    = 
|influences       = [[Ernst Laas]], [[Hermann Cohen]]<ref>[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cohen/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy "Hermann Cohen"]</ref>
|influenced       = [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]], [[Edmund Husserl]], [[José Ortega y Gasset]], [[Rabindranath Tagore]], [[Ernst Cassirer]], [[Martin Heidegger]], [[Karl Barth]]
|education           = [[University of Strasbourg]]
|institutions        = [[Marburg University]]
|doctoral_advisor    = {{Nowrap|[[Ernst Laas]] (PhD advisor)<br>[[Hermann Cohen]] (Dr. phil. hab. advisor)}}
|doctoral_students   = [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]]
|notable_students    = [[Nicolai Hartmann]], [[Martin Heidegger]], [[Ernst Cassirer]], [[Karl Barth]]
|thesis_title=Descartes' Erkenntnistheorie: Eine Studie zur Vorgeschichte des Kriticismus (Descartes's Theory of Knowledge: A Study in the Pre-history of Criticism)
|thesis_url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Descartes_Erkenntnistheorie.html?id=0fSjnQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y
|thesis_year=1882
}}
'''Paul Gerhard Natorp''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|eɪ|t|ɔr|p}};<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7chaokxFyN0 "Part I - Martin Heidegger: Session I"]<!--at 38:20--></ref> {{IPA|de|ˈnaːtoːrp|lang}}; 24 January 1854 – 17 August 1924) was a [[German people|German]] [[philosopher]] and [[educationalist]], considered one of the co-founders of the [[Marburg school]] of [[neo-Kantianism]]. He was known as an authority on [[Plato]].

==Biography==
Paul Natorp was born in [[Düsseldorf]], the son of the [[Protestant]] minister Adelbert Natorp and his wife Emilie Keller. From 1871 he studied music, history, classical philology and philosophy in [[University of Berlin|Berlin]], [[University of Bonn|Bonn]] and [[University of Strasbourg|Strasbourg]]. He completed his doctoral dissertation in 1876 at the [[University of Strasbourg]] under the supervision of the philosopher [[Ernst Laas]] and in 1881 completed his ''[[Habilitation]]'' under the neo-Kantian [[Hermann Cohen]]. In 1885 he became an extraordinary professor and in 1893 became an ordinary professor in philosophy and [[pedagogy]] at [[Marburg University]], a position he retained until his retirement in 1922. In the winter semester of 1923–24 Natorp conducted an intensive exchange of ideas with [[Martin Heidegger]], who had been called to Marburg and whose work on [[Duns Scotus]] Natorp had read very early on.

In 1887 he married his cousin Helene Natorp; they had five children. Natorp was an ambitious [[composer]], who wrote chiefly [[chamber music]] (including a [[cello]] [[sonata]], a [[violin]] sonata, and a [[piano]] [[trio (music)|trio]]). He also wrote some 100 songs and two choral works. He conducted a correspondence with [[Johannes Brahms]], who dissuaded him from becoming a professional composer.

He was an influence on the early work of [[Hans-Georg Gadamer]] and had a profound effect on the thought of [[Edmund Husserl]], the "father" of [[Phenomenology (philosophy)|phenomenology]]. His students included the philosopher and [[historian]] [[Ernst Cassirer]], the [[theologian]] [[Karl Barth]] and the author of ''[[Doctor Zhivago (novel)|Doctor Zhivago]]'', [[Boris Pasternak]].

== Works==
* ''Descartes' Erkenntnistheorie. Eine Studie zur Vorgeschichte des Kriticismus.'' 1882; 2014, {{ISBN|978-3-944253-04-6}}
* ''Sozialpädagogik'' (1899)
* ''Logik in Leitsätzen'' (1904)
* ''Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Sozialpädagogik'' (3 volumes, 1907)
* ''Pestalozzi. Leben und Lehre'' (1909)
* ''Die logischen Grundlagen der exakten Wissenschaften'' (1910)
* ''Philosophie; ihr Problem und ihre Probleme'' (1911), new edition: Edition Ruprecht, Göttingen 2008 (ed. and introduction by Karl-Heinz Lembeck), {{ISBN|978-3-7675-3055-3}} 
* ''Sozialidealismus'' (1920)
* ''Beethoven und wir'' (1920)
* ''Platos Ideenlehre'' (1921); transl. 2004, ''Platos's Theory of Ideas: An Introduction to Idealism.'', Academia Verlag {{ISBN| 978-3-89665250-8}}
* ''Allgemeine Logik'' (in: Flach und Holzhey, ''Erkenntnistheorie und Logik im Neukantianismus'', 1979)

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* Judy Deane Saltzmann ''Paul Natorp's Philosophy of Religion within the Marburg Neo-Kantian Tradition'' (1980)
* Alexis Philonenko ''L'École de Marbourg : Cohen, Natorp, Cassirer'' (1989)
* Karl-Heinz Lembeck ''Platon in Marburg: Platon-Rezeption Und Philosophiegeschichtsphilosophie Bei Cohen Und Natorp'' (1994)
* Julien Servois ''Paul Natorp et la Théorie Platonicienne des Idées'' (2004)
* Norbert Jegelka ''Paul Natorp'' (1992)

==External links==
*[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/natorp/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy page by Alan Kim]

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Natorp, Paul Gerhard}}
[[Category:1854 births]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century German composers]]
[[Category:19th-century German historians]]
[[Category:19th-century German male writers]]
[[Category:19th-century German philosophers]]
[[Category:20th-century German composers]]
[[Category:20th-century German historians]]
[[Category:20th-century German male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century German philosophers]]
[[Category:Continental philosophers]]
[[Category:Descartes scholars]]
[[Category:German logicians]]
[[Category:German historians of philosophy]]
[[Category:Kantian philosophers]]
[[Category:German philosophy academics]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Marburg]]
[[Category:University of Strasbourg alumni]]
[[Category:Writers from Düsseldorf]]
[[Category:Plato scholars]]