View source for Pan-European Oil Pipeline

{{Short description|Proposed gas transporter}}
{{Infobox pipeline
| name        = Pan-European Oil Pipeline
| type        = oil
| country     = [[Romania]], [[Serbia]], [[Croatia]], [[Slovenia]], Italy
| map         = Pan-European Pipeline.svg
| map_caption = Location of Pan-European Oil Pipeline
| coordinates = 
| photo       = 
| caption     =
| operator    = Pan-European Oil Pipeline Project Development Company
| partners    = Conpet Ploiești, Oil Terminal Constanța, Transnafta, [[Jadranski naftovod|JANAF]]
| discharge   = 1.8 million barrels per year
| direction   = east–west
| start       = [[Constanța]]
| finish      = [[Trieste]]
| est         = 
| through     = [[Rijeka]]
| par         = 
}}

The '''Pan-European Oil Pipeline''' ('''PEOP''') is a proposed oil pipeline from [[Constanţa]] in [[Romania]] via [[Serbia]] and [[Croatia]] to [[Rijeka]] and from there through [[Slovenia]] to [[Trieste]] in [[Italy]].  The aim of the pipeline is to bypass [[Turkish Straits|Turkish straits]] in the transportation of Russian and [[Caspian Sea|Caspian]] oil to Central Europe. In Trieste the pipeline will be connected with the [[Transalpine Pipeline]], running to Austria and Germany.

==History==
The project was originally proposed in 2002. Signing of the memorandum of understanding on the construction of the pipeline was several times delayed until on 3 April 2007 it was signed by officials of Croatia, Italy, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia during an energy forum in [[Zagreb]].<ref name="ens">
{{cite news
 | publisher= Environment News Service
 | title = Pan-European Oil Pipeline Agreement Signed
 | url= http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/apr2007/2007-04-03-03.asp
 | date = 2007-04-03
 | access-date=2007-04-06}}
</ref> On 22 April 2008 Romanian, Serbian and Croatian companies signed an agreement establishing the Pan-European Oil Pipeline Project Development Company (PEOP PDC).<ref name=romania>
{{cite news
 | publisher= AFP
 | title = Romania, Croatia, Serbia Sign Oil Pipeline Deal
 | url= http://www.romanianewswatch.com/2008/04/romania-croatia-serbia-sign-oil.html
 | date = 2008-04-22
 | access-date=2008-08-22}}
</ref>  On 10 July 2008 Shareholders adopted the Statute and appointing the Managing Board of the PEOP PDC Plc.<ref name=mfa>{{cite news
 | publisher= AFP
 | title= Meeting of PEOP project development company shareholders held in Zagreb
 | url= http://hgd.mvpei.hr/news.aspx?id=56&newsId=2184
 | date= 2008-07-10
 | access-date= 2008-08-22
 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110721101301/http://hgd.mvpei.hr/news.aspx?id=56&newsId=2184
 | archive-date= 2011-07-21
 | url-status= dead
 }}</ref>

The national governments of [[Romania]], [[Serbia]] and [[Croatia]] are favorable about the project. Most engaged is the President of Romania, [[Traian Băsescu]], who has cited a study estimating the benefits of the project for Romania over 20&nbsp;years of operation in the range between US$2.27 to 4.39&nbsp;billion. The Government of Serbia is also politically motivated so as to decrease its dependence on crude oil supply from Croatia.<ref name="Pan European Oil Pipeline"/>

In 2006, the Government of [[Slovenia]] did not support the project because the {{convert|29|km|mi}} long stretch would pass the environmentally sensitive [[Karst Plateau|Karst]] terrain and no national interest exists regarding oil supply.<ref name="gasandoil">
{{cite news
 | publisher= ACT Media News Agency
 | title = Romania halts construction of PanEuropean pipeline
 | url= http://www.gasandoil.com/goc/news/nte61845.htm
 | date = 2006-04-13
 | access-date=2007-04-08}}
</ref> Nevertheless, Slovenian representatives in 2009 expressed support for the project.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/beograd-potpora-izgradnji-peopa-114304.aspx | language = hr | newspaper = [[Poslovni dnevnik]] | title = Beograd: Potpora izgradnji PEOP-a | date = 2009-04-22 | access-date = 2010-12-03}}</ref>

On January 15, 2010, JANAF decided to freeze its involvement in PEOP. The Romanian and Serbian companies responded by saying they would still build the pipeline from the [[Black Sea]] to the [[Pančevo refinery]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.poslovni.hr/vijesti/peop-se-nece-graditi-bez-janafa-140021.aspx | language = hr | title = PEOP se neće graditi bez Janafa | newspaper = [[Poslovni dnevnik]] | date = 2010-02-17 | access-date = 2010-12-03}}</ref>

==Technical description==
The {{convert|1856|km|mi}} long pipeline is expected to cost about €3.5&nbsp;billion. The capacity of the pipeline will be {{bbl to t|1.2|and|1.8|mlt=M|per=d|t_per=a}}. It is planned to be operational by 2012.<ref name=reuters1>
{{cite news
 | url= http://uk.reuters.com/article/rbssEnergyNews/idUKL0488037320080604
 | archive-url= https://archive.today/20130201135734/http://uk.reuters.com/article/rbssEnergyNews/idUKL0488037320080604
 | url-status= dead
 | archive-date= February 1, 2013
 | title= Funds still short for Pan-European Oil Pipeline
 | author = Ivana Sekularac
 | publisher= [[Reuters]]
 | date=2008-06-04
 | access-date=2008-08-22}}
</ref>

==Project company==
The pipeline project is developed by the London-registered Pan-European Oil Pipeline Project Development Company, comprising Romanian companies Conpet Ploiești and Oil Terminal Constanța, Serbian company Transnafta and Croatian company [[Jadranski naftovod|JANAF]]. One of the main purposes of the company is promotion of the Pan European Oil Pipeline and subsequently attracting new investors.<ref name="Pan European Oil Pipeline">[http://www.transnafta.co.rs/en/home/dev_projects/peop/ Pan European Oil Pipeline]</ref> Italian and Slovenian companies are invited to participate in the project.<ref name=romania/>

==See also==
{{Portal|Croatia|Energy}}
* [[Burgas-Alexandroupoli pipeline]]
* [[AMBO pipeline]]
* [[Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061025230822/http://www.inogate.org/en/resources/map_oil INOGATE Map of Crude Oil Pipelines in Europe]

{{wikinews| Construction for Romania-Italy pipeline to start in 2007}}
{{Black Sea Energy}}
{{coord missing|Romania}}

[[Category:Proposed pipelines in Europe]]
[[Category:Oil pipelines in Romania]]
[[Category:Oil pipelines in Serbia]]
[[Category:Oil pipelines in Croatia]]
[[Category:Cancelled energy infrastructure]]
[[Category:Black Sea energy]]