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[[File:Iberia 300BC-en.svg|thumb|right|350px|Main language areas in Iberia c. 300 BC]]
The '''Paesuri''' or '''Paesures''' were an ancient pre-Roman people of [[Lusitania]], akin to the [[Lusitani]], to whom they were a dependent tribe.

==Origins==
Mentioned by [[Pliny the Elder]]<ref>[[Pliny the Elder]], ''Naturalis Historia'', IV, 113.</ref> and by a local epigraphic source, the 2nd Century AD Ponte de Alcântara inscription, near [[Cáceres, Spain|Cáceres]],<ref>CIL II 760: Municipia / provinciae / Lusitaniae stipe / conlata quae opus / pontis perfecerunt / Igaetani / Lancienses Oppidani / Talori / Interannienses / Colarni / Lancienses Transcudani / Aravi / Meidubrigenses / Arabrigenses / Banienses / Paesures.</ref> along with the other Lusitani tribes, their ethnic and Linguistic affiliation has not yet been fully determined. It has been suggested that the Paesuri were of [[Thracian]] origin,<ref>Ferreira do Amaral, ''Povos Antigos em Portugal – paleontologia do território hoje Português'' (1997), p. 141.</ref> though to what extent they were [[celticized]] by their neighbors, the Lusitani, [[Gallaeci]] and [[Turduli Veteres]], remains unclear.

==Location==
Located between the rivers [[Douro]] and ''Vacua'' or ''Vagua'' ([[Sever do Vouga|Vouga]]), in the modern northern central [[Portugal]], the Paesuri comprised four subtribes – ''Ireucutiori'', ''Aravoni'', ''Seareae'' and ''Paesicaeci'' or ''Paesici'' – which settled the mountains of [[Freita]], [[Arada, Portugal|Arada]], and the northern slopes of [[Caramulo]] around the 5th Century BC.

==History==
Like their neighbours the [[Turduli Veteres]] and [[Gallaeci]], the Paesuri did not fell under Carthaginian rule at the later 3rd Century BC and appear to have not taken part in the [[Second Punic War]]. It is still not clear if they played any significant role in the [[Lusitanian War]]s of the 2nd century BC. Allied with the Lusitani, they bore the brunt of the first Roman thrusts into the Iberian northwest.  In 138-136 BC [[Consul]] [[Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus|Decimus Junius Brutus]] certainly devastated their lands during his punitive campaign against the Lusitani and the Turduli Veteres.<ref>[[Appian]], ''Iberiké'', 73.</ref> Again the Paesuri suffered the same treatment in 61-60 BC, when they were forcibly incorporated into [[Hispania Ulterior]] province by the [[Propraetor]] [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>[[Cassius Dio]], ''Romaïké istoría'', 37, 52-55.</ref> 

===Romanization===
They were later aggregated by Emperor [[Augustus]] into the province of [[Lusitania]] in 27-13 BC.

==See also==
*[[Bardili (Turduli)]]
*[[Gallaeci]]
*[[Turduli]]
*[[Turduli Oppidani]]
*[[Turduli Veteres]]
*[[Thracians]]
*[[Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|30em}}

==References==
{{refbegin|30em}}
*Ángel Montenegro ''et alii'', ''Historia de España 2 - colonizaciones y formación de los pueblos prerromanos (1200-218 a.C)'', Editorial Gredos, Madrid (1989) {{ISBN|84-249-1386-8}}
*Alarcão, Jorge de, ''O Domínio Romano em Portugal'', Publicações Europa-América, Lisboa (1988) {{ISBN|972-1-02627-1}}
*Alarcão, Jorge de ''et alii'', ''De Ulisses a Viriato – O primeiro milénio a.C.'', Museu Nacional de Arqueologia, Instituto Português de Museus, Lisboa (1996) {{ISBN|972-8137-39-7}}
*Amaral, João Ferreira do & Amaral, Augusto Ferreira do, ''Povos Antigos em Portugal – paleontologia do território hoje Português'', Quetzal Editores, Lisboa (1997) {{ISBN|972-564-224-4}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040611215344/http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC)]

{{Pre-Roman peoples in Portugal}}

[[Category:Tribes of Lusitania]]
[[Category:Ancient peoples of Portugal]]
[[Category:Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula]]
[[Category:Tribes conquered by Rome]]

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