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{{short description|Port operator}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox company
| name = PSA International Pte. Ltd.
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| logo = Official_Logo_of_PSA_International.png
| foundation = {{start date and age|1964|04|01}} (as Port of Singapore Authority)<br /> {{start date and age|1997|10|01}} (as PSA Corporation Ltd),<br/> {{start date and age|2003|12}} (as PSA International Pte. Ltd.)
| founder = 
| location_city = 
| location_country = 
| location = 1 Harbour Drive, PSA Horizons, Singapore 117352
| key_people = Peter Voser (group chairman)<br />Ong Kim Pong (group CEO)
| area_served = 
| industry = Port Operator, Logistics
| products = 
| services = [[Port]] services, [[logistics]] services, [[Maritime transport|marine]] services, [[Digital economy|digital]] services
| revenue = [[Singapore dollar|S$]]7.724 billion (2024)<ref>{{cite web|date=28 March 2025|title=PSA International Pte Ltd and Its Subsidiaries Results for the Year Ended 31 December 2024|url=https://www.globalpsa.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/nr250328.pdf|access-date=28 August 2025|website=PSA International}}</ref>
| parent = [[Temasek Holdings]]
| divisions = 
| subsid = 
| owner = 
| homepage = {{url|https://www.globalpsa.com|globalpsa.com}}
| dissolved = 
| footnotes = 
}}

'''PSA International Pte. Ltd.''', formerly the '''Port of Singapore Authority''', is a global port operator and supply chain company. One of the largest port operators in the world, PSA's portfolio comprises over 70 deepsea, rail, and inland terminals. The operator is present in more than 180 locations in 45 countries, including flagship operations in Singapore and Belgium, and encompasses supply chain solutions, marine, and digital businesses.<ref>{{cite web|title=About PSA International|url=https://www.globalpsa.com/psa-international|website=PSA International}}</ref>

==History==
Under the 1912 Straits Settlements Port Ordinance, the Singapore Harbour Board was formed on 1 July 1913.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/f829dfda-99e5-4e21-b00e-b6d38f78e11d|title=Singapore Harbour Board is formed - Singapore History|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg}}</ref> On 1 April 1964, the '''Port of Singapore Authority''' came into being under the 1963 Port of Singapore Authority Ordinance to replace the Singapore Harbour Board and several organisations that have been operating in the port.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/a7193804-3862-4f99-8b3b-46c867073a95|title=Formation of the Port of Singapore Authority - Singapore History|website=eresources.nlb.gov.sg}}</ref>

In the 1970s, PSA started building a container port in Singapore, and in 1972, handled their first container ship. A decade later, they reached the milestone of one-million-TEU of number of containers processed. They later reached the 5 million TEU mark by 1990, making Singapore the world’s largest container port at the time. The company became a global operator after it first started its global expansion in 1966 through port interests in [[Dalian]], China.<ref>{{Cite web|date=23 July 2021|title=11 Major Container Terminal Operators In The World|url=https://www.marineinsight.com/know-more/11-major-container-terminal-operators-in-the-world/|access-date=22 December 2021|website=Marine Insight|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=24 September 2021|title=Top 10: The busiest container port and terminal operators in the world|url=https://container-news.com/top-10-the-busiest-container-port-and-terminal-operators-in-the-world/|access-date=22 December 2021|website=Container News|language=en-US}}</ref>

A parliamentary bill was passed on 25 August 1997, to turn the Port of Singapore Authority, a state organisation into an independent commercial company. PSA Corporation Limited was thus corporatised on 1 October 1997. The company kept the initials “PSA” as its brand name but it is no longer an acronym. The regulatory functions of the former authority were transferred to Singapore's new maritime regulator, the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA).

In order to focus on its core port business, PSA Corporation set up The HarbourFront Limited (present day [[Mapletree Investments|Mapletree]]) on 7 December 2000, to spearhead development of its properties.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mapletree.com.sg/en/Media/News/2000/Dec/07122000-PSA-SetsUpNewVehicleToPursueHarbourFrontBusiness.aspx |title=PSA Sets Up New Vehicle To Pursue HarbourFront Business While Sharpening Focus On core Business |website=Mapletree |access-date=22 July 2019 |date=7 December 2000}}</ref>

Following a restructuring exercise in December 2003, PSA International Pte Ltd. became the holding company for the PSA Group of companies.

In March 2022, it was announced by PSA International and [[Port of Halifax|Halifax Port Authority]] that PSA has acquired the Fairview Cove Container Terminal (Ceres Halifax Inc.) from [[Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 April 2022 |title=PSA acquires container terminal in the Port of Halifax |url=https://www.porttechnology.org/news/psa-acquires-container-terminal-in-the-port-of-halifax/ |access-date=4 April 2022 |website=Port Technology International |language=en-GB}}</ref>

=== Port assets ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+PSA International Port terminals<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Network |url=https://www.globalpsa.com/global-network/ |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=PSA International |language=en-GB}}</ref>
!City
!Country
!Port (Terminal)
!Ownership
|-
|[[Antwerp]]
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|[[Port of Antwerp]] (Europa Terminal)
|100%
|-
|[[Antwerp]]
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|[[Port of Antwerp]] (Noordzee Terminal)
|100%
|-
|[[Antwerp]]
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|[[Port of Antwerp]] (MSC PSA European Terminal)
|Joint venture between TiL and PSA
|-
|[[Bangkok]]
|{{Flag|Thailand}}
|[[Bangkok Port]] (Thai Connectivity Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca|Buenaventura]]
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|Port of Buenaventura (SPIA Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Buenos Aires]]
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|[[Port of Buenos Aires]] (Exolgan Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Busan]]
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|[[Port of Busan]] (Pusan Newport International Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Busan]]
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|[[Port of Busan]] (HMM PSA New-Port Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Chennai]]
|{{Flag|India}}
|[[Chennai Port]] (Chennai International Terminals)
|
|-
|[[Dalian]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|[[Port of Dalian]] (Dalian Container Terminal) 
|
|-
|[[Dammam|Damman]]
|{{Flag|Saudi Arabia}}
|[[King Abdul Aziz Port]] (King Abdulaziz Port Dammam)
|
|-
|[[Eddystone, Pennsylvania|Eddystone]]
|{{Flag|United States}}
|PSA Penn Terminals
|
|-
|[[Fuzhou]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|[[Port of Fuzhou]] (Fuzhou Container Terminals)
|
|-
|[[Gdańsk]]
|{{Flag|Poland}}
|[[Port of Gdańsk]] (Baltic Hub Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Genoa]]
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|[[Port of Genoa]] (PSA Genova Pra Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Genoa]]
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|[[Port of Genoa]] (Southern European Container Hub)
|
|-
|[[Guangzhou]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|[[Port of Guangzhou]] (Guangzhou Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|[[Port of Halifax]] (PSA Halifax Atlantic Hub)
|
|-
|[[Halifax, Nova Scotia|Halifax]]
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|[[Port of Halifax]] (PSA Halifax Fairview Cove)
|
|-
|[[Incheon]]
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|Incheon Port (Incheon Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Jakarta]]
|{{Flag|Indonesia}}
|[[Port of Tanjung Priok]] (New Priok Container Terminal One)
|
|-
|[[Kitakyushu]]
|{{Flag|Japan}}
|Port of Kitakyushu (Hibiki Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Laem Chabang]]
|{{Flag|Thailand}}
|Port of Laem Chabang (Eastern Sea Laem Chabang Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Lianyungang]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|Port of Lianyungang (LYD-PSA Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Mersin]]
|{{Flag|Turkey}}
|[[Port of Mersin]] (Mersin International Port)
|
|-
|[[Mumbai]]
|{{Flag|India}}
|[[Mumbai Port]] (Bharat Mumbai Container Terminals)
|
|-
|[[Panama City|Panama]]
|{{Flag|Panama}}
|[[PSA Panama International Terminal|Panama International Terminal]]
|
|-
|[[Qinzhou]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|[[Port of Beibu Gulf]] (Beibu Gulf International Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Sines]]
|{{Flag|Portugal}}
|[[Port of Sines]] (Sines Container Terminal)
|Joint venture between PSA and TiL
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (Brani Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (Keppel Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (Pasir Panjang Terminals)
|
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (Tuas Port)
|
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (Jurong Island Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (Cosco-PSA Terminal) 
|51%
|-
|[[Singapore]]
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|[[Port of Singapore]] (MSC PSA Asia Terminal) 
|Joint venture between TiL and PSA
|-
|[[Tianjin]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|[[Port of Tianjin]] (Tianjin Port Alliance International Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Tianjin]]
|{{Flag|China}}
|[[Port of Tianjin]] (Tianjin Port Pacific International Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Venice]]
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|[[Port of Venice]] (Venice Container Terminal)
|
|-
|[[Vũng Tàu]]
|{{Flag|Vietnam
}}
|SP-PSA International Port
|
|}

==PSA Marine==
''PSA Marine Pte Ltd.'', a wholly owned subsidiary of PSA International, provides marine services to the maritime and shipping community. They include pilotage and port and terminal towage. PSA Marine owns and operates a fleet of over 80 vessels in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, mainland China, India, Australia, Panama, Peru and Oman.

{{Portal|Companies}}

==References==
{{Library resources box
 |onlinebooks=no
 |by=no
 }}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official|https://www.globalpsa.com/}}
* [https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_577_2005-01-27.html Port of Singapore Authority Infopedia page]
* [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_2019-07-05_162000.html Singapore Harbour Board Infopedia page]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-2ZDFXIN9nQ&list=PLCtifntA_CXU6eH6laIuC749pSkG-X1pZ SG Bicentennial: A Port's Story] - a video series about the history of the port of Singapore, produced by PSA Singapore in 2019 to commemorate Singapore's Bicentennial.

{{Statutory boards of Singapore}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1997 establishments in Singapore]]
[[Category:Transport companies established in 1997]]
[[Category:Government-owned companies of Singapore]]
[[Category:Port operating companies]]
[[Category:Temasek Holdings]]
[[Category:Transport operators of Singapore]]
[[Category:Singaporean brands]]