View source for PPD-40

{{Infobox weapon
|is_ranged= yes
 | name   = PPD
 | image  = [[File:PPD-34.JPG|300px]]<br/>[[File:PPD-34-38 SMG.JPG|300px]]
 | caption= PPD-34 & PPD-34/38
 | origin = Soviet Union
 | type   = [[Submachine gun]]
<!-- Production history -->
 | designer= [[Vasily Degtyaryov]]
 | design_date= 1934
 | service    = 1935–45
 | production_date= 1934–1942;<ref>"''В декабре 1942 г. из-за сложности конструкции ППД был снят с вооружения РККА и его производство было прекращено''"<br/>КПСС и строительство советских вооруженных сил. (Коллектив авторов). 2е изд. М., Воениздат, 1967; стр.277</ref> most in 1940
 | number = Approx. 90,000
 | used_by    = See ''[[#Users|Users]]''
 | wars     = [[Spanish Civil War]]<br/>[[Winter War]]<br/>[[Second Sino Japanese War]]<br/>[[World War II]]<br/>[[Korean War]]<br/>[[Hukbalahap Rebellion]]<br/>[[1958 Lebanon crisis]]<br/>[[Lebanese Civil War]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-03 |title=Lebanese Forces : The Weapons: Sub Machine Guns (SMG) |url=http://www.lebaneseforces.com/wsmg.asp |access-date=2022-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174221/http://www.lebaneseforces.com/wsmg.asp |archive-date=2016-03-03 }}</ref>
 | cartridge  = [[7.62×25mm Tokarev]]
 | action     = [[Blowback (arms)|Blowback]], [[open bolt]]
 | rate       = 800–1000 rounds/min
 | velocity   = 490 [[Metre per second|m/s]] (1,600 ft/s)
 | range      = {{convert|200|m|yd|abbr=on|0}}
 | weight     = {{convert|3.2|kg|lb|abbr=on|1}} ''empty''
 | length     = {{convert|788|mm|abbr=on|1}}
 | part_length= {{convert|273|mm|abbr=on|1}}
 | feed       = 25-round detachable [[Magazine (firearm)#Box|box magazine]]<br/>71-round detachable [[drum magazine]]
 | sights=
 | variants   = PPD-34, PPD-34/38, PPD-40
}}

The '''PPD''' ({{langx|ru|Пистоле́т-пулемёт Дегтярёва|Pistolet-pulemyot Degtyaryova|Degtyaryov's [[machine pistol]]}}) is a [[submachine gun]] originally designed in 1934 by [[Vasily Degtyaryov]]. The PPD had a conventional wooden stock, fired from an [[open bolt]], and was capable of [[selective fire]]. It was replaced by the [[PPSh-41]].

==History==
[[File:RIAN archive 93172 Defenders of Leningrad.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet soldier holding a PPD-40 with two-part wooden stock.]]

Developed in the [[Soviet Union]] by arms designer [[Vasily Degtyaryov]]. The PPD was designed to chamber the new Soviet [[7.62×25mm Tokarev]] pistol cartridge, which was based on the [[7.63×25mm Mauser]] cartridge used in the [[Mauser C96]] pistol. The later PPD models utilized a large [[drum magazine]] for ammunition feeding.

The PPD officially went into military service with the [[Red Army]] in 1935<ref>{{citation | url = http://encycl.atsar.ru/guns/ppd34/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311102633/http://encycl.atsar.ru/guns/ppd34/ | url-status = dead | archive-date = March 11, 2007 | script-title = ru:Пистолет-пулемет Дегтярева ППД-34 | language = ru | place = RU | access-date = August 25, 2008 }}</ref> as the PPD-34, although it was not produced in large quantities. Production issues were not solved until 1937; in 1934 only 44 were produced, in 1935 only 23; production picked up in 1937 with 1,291 produced, followed by 1,115 produced in 1938 and 1,700 produced in 1939.<ref name="bolotin">{{cite book|last=Болотин|first=Давид|script-title=ru:История советского стрелкового оружия и патронов|pages=105–112|publisher=Полигон|year=1995|isbn=5-85503-072-5|language=ru}}; figure for 1936 is not reported</ref> It saw use with the [[NKVD]] internal forces as well as border guards.{{Cn|date=January 2023}} The PPD was decommissioned entirely in 1939 and factory orders cancelled following a directive of the [[People's Commissariat of Defence Industry of the USSR|People's Commissariat of Defence Industry]]; the decision was quickly reversed, though, after the personal intervention of Degtyaryov with [[Stalin]], with whom he had a good personal relationship.<ref name="bolotin"/><ref name="Kalashnikov2006">{{cite book|first=Mikhail |last=Kalashnikov|title=The Gun that Changed the World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F3tpsPVpojwC&pg=PA40|year=2006|publisher=Polity|isbn=978-0-7456-3692-4|page=40}}</ref> During the [[Winter War]] in 1939 with Finland, an acute lack of individual automatic weapons even led to the reintroduction of the stockpiled [[Fedorov Avtomat]]s into service.<ref>{{cite book|last=Monetchikov|first=Sergei|script-title=ru:История русского автомата|trans-title=The History of Russian Assault Rifle |year=2005 |pages=18–19|publisher=[[Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineers and Signal Corps]]|location=St. Petersburg|isbn=5-98655-006-4|language=ru}}</ref>

In 1938 and 1940, modifications were designated PPD-34/38 and PPD-40 respectively, and introduced minor changes, mostly aimed at making it easier to manufacture. Mass production began in 1940, a year in which 81,118 PPDs were produced. Nevertheless, the PPD-40 was too labor- and resource-expensive to mass-produce economically, most of its metal components being produced by [[Milling (machining)|milling]].<ref name="bolotin"/> Although it was used in action in  [[World War II]], it was officially replaced by the superior and cheaper [[PPSh-41]] by the end of 1941.{{Cn|date=January 2023}} [[Georgi Shpagin|Shpagin]]'s great innovation in Soviet automatic weapons manufacturing was the large-scale introduction of [[Stamping (metalworking)|stamped]] metal parts, particularly receivers; the PPSh also had a muzzle climb compensator which significantly improved accuracy over the PPD. In 1941 only 5,868 PPDs were made, compared to 98,644 PPSh and in the following year almost 1.5 million PPSh were produced.<ref name="bolotin"/>

PPDs captured by Finnish forces during the [[Winter War]] and [[Continuation War]] were issued to coastal and home guard troops and kept in reserve until approximately 1960.<ref name ="McNab 2014 22">{{cite book|title=Soviet Submachine Guns of World War II: PPD-40, PPSh-41 and PPS|series=Weapon 33|first=Chris |last=McNab |date= 20 May 2014 |isbn=9781782007944 |publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X8enCwAAQBAJ |page=22}}</ref> PPD-34/38 and PPD-40 submachine guns captured by the [[Wehrmacht]] were given the designations MP.715(r) and MP.716(r) respectively.

A number of PPD-like submachine guns were also manufactured in a semi-artisanal way by gunsmiths among the hundreds of thousands of [[Soviet partisans]]. These guns, even when made as late as 1944, used milling because metal stamping requires large industrial facilities that were not available to the partisans. There are no firm numbers about how many were made, but there were at least six partisan gunsmiths each making his own model series. One of them is known to have produced 28 such sub-machine guns in approximately two years.<ref>Сергей Плотников, "Партизанские Самоделки", ''Оружие'' 2000/4, pp. 46-51</ref>

==Users==
[[File:RIAN archive 393 Sailors of the Baltic Fleet are new parents of little girl Lucy.jpg|thumb|right|Sailors of the Baltic Fleet armed with PPD-40 (left two) and PPSh-41 (rightmost) in May 1943.]]
<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.-->

*{{flag|Albania}}<ref name="jones2009">{{cite book |editor1-first=Richard D. |editor1-last=Jones |editor2-first=Leland S | editor2-last =Ness |title=Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010 |date=January 27, 2009 |edition=35th |publisher= Jane's Information Group |location=Coulsdon |isbn=978-0-7106-2869-5}}</ref>
*{{flag|Republic of China}}: Received 3,000 during the [[Second Sino Japanese War]].
*{{flag|Finland}}<ref>{{citation | chapter-url = http://www.jaegerplatoon.net/MACHINEPISTOLS2.htm | title = Finnish Army ARMY 1918–1945 | chapter = Machinepistols part 2 | publisher = Jaegerplatoon | access-date = 2011-04-26}}</ref><ref name="mcnab2002">{{cite book |last=McNab |first=Chris|title=20th Century Military Uniforms |year=2002 |edition=2nd |publisher=Grange Books |location=Kent |isbn=1-84013-476-3|page=67}}</ref>
* {{flag|Nazi Germany}}: Captured PPD-34/38s designated the Maschinenpistole 716(r). Captured PPD-40s designated the Maschinenpistole 715(r).
* {{flag|Poland}}
*{{flagicon image|Forces_Libanaises_Flag.svg}} [[Lebanese Forces (Militia)|Lebanese Forces]]
*{{flag|North Korea}}<ref name ="McNab 2014 22"/>
*{{flagicon image|Hukbalahap flag.svg}} [[Hukbalahap]]<ref name ="McNab 2014 22"/>
* {{flag|Slovakia}}: Used by Slovak forces on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ww2-weapons.com/slovak-armed-forces/|title=Slovak Armed Forces|date=15 September 2020|access-date=4 March 2024|archive-date=30 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130160305/https://www.ww2-weapons.com/slovak-armed-forces/|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|Soviet Union}}
*{{flagcountry|Spain|1931}}: Use of PPD-34/38 by the Spanish Republican Army during [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref>"Las armas de la Guerra Civil Española", José María Manrique García, Lucas Molina Franco.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia, Volume 1|pages=1013–1014|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=0824070291|year=1998|editor=David T. Zabecki }}</ref>
*{{YUG}}: 5,000 were delivered from Soviet Union during 1944-1945.<ref>Бранко Богданович. Югославский ТТ по имени «Тетеjац» // журнал «Оружие», № 10, октябрь 2012. стр.42-56</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of Russian weaponry]]
*[[List of submachine guns]]
*[[Tokarev Model 1927]]
*[[MP35]]
*[[Suomi KP/-31]]
*[[PPSh-41]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commonscat-inline|PPD}}
* {{citation | url = http://www.gewehr.ru/2007/04/11/ppd.html | title = Basic notes on PPD-34 and PPD-40 | publisher = Gewehr | place = RU | date = 2007-04-11 | language = ru | access-date = 2008-05-31 | archive-date = 2011-09-19 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110919183502/http://www.gewehr.ru/2007/04/11/ppd.html | url-status = dead }}.
* {{citation | url = http://www.otvaga.ucoz.ru/publ/5-1-0-8 | script-title = ru:ППД-1934\38\40 | trans-title = PPD-34, PPD-38 and PPD-40 | language = ru | publisher = Ucoz | place = RU | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081210180608/http://www.otvaga.ucoz.ru/publ/5-1-0-8 | archive-date = 2008-12-10 | url-status = dead }}.
* {{citation | chapter-url = http://www.jaegerplatoon.net/MACHINEPISTOLS2.htm | title = Finnish Army ARMY 1918–1945 | chapter = Machinepistols part 2 | publisher = Jaegerplatoon | access-date = 2011-04-26}}.
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-l4jlCtzsE&ab_channel=ForgottenWeapons The Soviet Union Adopts an SMG: Degtyarev's PPD-34/38]

{{WWIIUSSRInfWeapons}}
{{WWIIChineseInfantryWeapons}}

[[Category:7.62×25mm Tokarev submachine guns]]
[[Category:Simple blowback firearms]]
[[Category:Submachine guns of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1935]]
[[Category:World War II submachine guns]]
[[Category:World War II infantry weapons of the Soviet Union]]