View source for Ouvrage Ferme Chappy

{{Infobox Military Structure
|name=Ouvrage Ferme Chappy
|partof=[[Maginot Line]]
|location=Northeast [[France]]
|coordinates = {{coord|49.44944|5.62722|type:landmark|display=inline}}
|image=[[File:Ferme chappy bloc 2.jpg|Le bloc 2|300px]]
|caption=Block 2, Ferme Chappy
|map_type = France
|map_size = 280
|type=
|code=
|built=
|builder=CORF
|materials=Concrete, steel, deep excavation
|height=
|used=
|demolished=
|condition=Abandoned and secured
|ownership=Private
|open_to_public=No
|controlledby=France
|garrison=
|current_commander=
|commanders=
|occupants=
|battles=[[Battle of France]], [[Lorraine Campaign]]
|events=
}}
{{Maginot Line Infobox
|localisation=
|type=POI
|year=
|sector=[[Fortified Sector of the Crusnes]]
|sub-sector=Arrancy
|number=A1
|regiment=149th Fortress Infantry Regiment (RIF)
|blocks=2
|entrance=
|strength=109 enlisted + 3 officers
|picture=
|caption=
}}

'''Ouvrage Ferme Chappy''' is a {{lang|fr|petit ouvrage}} of the [[Maginot Line]] in northeastern France. It is located at the western end of the [[Fortified Sector of the Crusnes]] near [[Longuyon]] in the [[Meurthe-et-Moselle|Meurthe-et-Moselle ''département'']], facing [[Belgium]]. The {{lang|fr|gros ouvrage}} [[Ouvrage Fermont|Fermont]] borders Ferme Chappy's artillery coverage to the east. A wide gap existed to the west in the direction of [[Longuyon]], covered only by blockhouses and natural obstacles such as rivers. Ferme Chappy was assaulted by German forces during the [[Battle of France]] in June 1940, fending off the attack with artillery support from Fermont. Chappy surrendered with its neighbors on 27 June.  It was abandoned after the war and is now private property.

== Design and construction ==
Ferme Chappy was approved for construction in April 1932. It was completed at a cost of 11 million francs.<ref name="hetou1-1">Mary, Tome 1, p. 52</ref> The ''ouvrage''{{#tag:ref|English-language sources use the French term ''ouvrage'' as the preferred term for the Maginot positions, in preference to "fort", a term usually reserved for older fortifications with passive defensives in the form of walls and ditches.<ref name="kaufmann1">Kaufmann 2006, p. 13</ref> The literal translation of ''ouvrage'' in the sense of a fortification in English is "work." A ''gros ouvrage'' is a large fortification with a significant artillery component, while a ''petit ouvrage'' is smaller, with lighter arms.<ref>Kaufmann 2006, p.20</ref>|group="nb"}} was named for the adjoining farm whose buildings sit nearly on top of the underground barracks and entry.<ref name="hetou3-1">Mary, Tome 3, p. 81</ref>

The ''ouvrage'' is immediately to the east of Longuyon and the valley of the Crusnes river, with a considerable space between Ferme Chappy and the next ''ouvrage'' to the west, [[Ouvrage Vélosnes]]. A ''gros ouvrage'' (Bois du Rafour) was planned immediately to the rear of Longuyon in the direction of [[Verdun]], along with two casemates (Casemates de la Chaudronnerie) just to the south of Ferme Chappy, but were replaced by a dense series of blockhouses closer to Longuyon.<ref>Mary, Tome 3, p.78</ref>

== Description ==
*'''Block 1''': Entry block with two machine gun/anti-tank gun embrasures (JM/[[AC 47 anti-tank gun|AC47]]), two machine gun embrasures (JM), two [[GFM cloche|automatic rifle cloches (GFM)]] and one [[JM cloche|machine gun cloche (JM)]].<ref name="fortiffbe1">{{cite web|url=http://www.fortiff.be/maginot/index.php?p=2946|title=Ferme Chappy (po A2 de la) Bloc 1|last=Puelinckx|first=Jean|last2=Aublet |first2=Jean-Louis |last3=Mainguin |first3=Sylvie|year=2010|work=Index de la Ligne Maginot|publisher=fortiff.be|language=fr|access-date=12 May 2010}}</ref> The block also served as an observation post for Fermont.<ref name="hetou3-1"/>
*'''Block 2''': one machine gun turret, one GFM cloche and one JM cloche.<ref name="fortiffbe2">{{cite web|url=http://www.fortiff.be/maginot/index.php?p=2947|title=Ferme Chappy (po A2 de la) Bloc 2|last=Puelinckx|first=Jean|year=2010|work=Index de la Ligne Maginot|publisher=fortiff.be|language=fr|access-date=12 May 2010|display-authors=etal}}</ref>

A combination personnel and ammunition entry was planned for a second phase of construction.<ref name="hetou3-1"/> The block was intended to be equipped with a GFM cloche, an AC47/JM embrasure and two automatic rifle embrasures.<ref name="fortiffbe1a">{{cite web|url=http://www.fortiff.be/maginot/index.php?p=2948|title=Ferme Chappy (po A2 de la) entrée hommes|last=Puelinckx|first=Jean|year=2010|work=Index de la Ligne Maginot|publisher=fortiff.be|language=fr|access-date=12 May 2010|display-authors=etal}}</ref>

== Manning ==
The 1940 manning of the ''ouvrage'' under the command of Lieutenant Thibeau comprised 109 men and 3 officers of the 149th Fortress Infantry Regiment and the 152nd Position Artillery Regiment. The units were under the umbrella of the 42nd Fortress Corps of the 3rd Army, Army Group 2.<ref>Mary, Tome 3, p. 79</ref> The Caserne Lamy provided peacetime above-ground barracks and support services to Ferme Chappy and other fortifications in the area.<ref name="dkpl1">{{cite web|url=http://www.darkplaces.org/Frankreich/WW2/Ligne_Maginot/SF_de_la_Crusnes/SF_de_la_Crusnes.html|title=Festungsabschnitt Crusnes|last=Wahl|first=J.B.|publisher=darkplaces.org|language=de|access-date=5 May 2010}}</ref>

== History ==
:''See [[Fortified Sector of the Crusnes]] for a broader discussion of the events of 1940 in the Crusnes sector of the Maginot Line.''
Ferme Chappy, lacking long-range artillery, played no part in the artillery fire of May 1940 between the larger ''ouvrages'' and opposing German forces in Belgium. After the Germans broke out behind the Maginot Line in June, Ferme Chappy was threatened from the rear. The ''ouvrage'' was attacked during the [[Battle of France]] on June 21 by the German 161st Infantry Division.  The attack was repelled with help from the nearby ''gros ouvrage'' Fermont.<ref>Kaufmann 2006, p. 171</ref> Firing continued until the [[Second Armistice at Compiègne|armistice of 25 June]], but no further assault was launched by the Germans. Chappy's garrison surrendered to the Germans on 27 June after negotiations with German forces that were undertaken by Commandant Pophillat of [[Ouvrage Latiremont]].<ref>Mary, Tome 3, pp. 228-229</ref> Once the area was occupied, Chappy's machine gun turret was removed by the Germans,<ref name="hetou5-1">Mary, Tome 5, p. 153</ref> along with all of the interior fittings.<ref name="dkpl2">{{cite web|url=http://www.darkplaces.org/Frankreich/WW2/Ligne_Maginot/SF_de_la_Crusnes/PO/Ferme_Chappy/PO_de_la_Ferme_Chappy_fr.html|title=Petit ouvrage (P.O.) de la Ferme Chappy&nbsp;— A1 |last=Wahl|first=J.-B.|year=2010|language=fr|access-date=2024-11-16}}</ref> The position saw no fighting in the 1944 [[Lorraine Campaign]] and remained abandoned after the war.

== Current condition ==
The {{lang|fr|ouvrage}} is the property of M. Peiffert who now owns the farm.  The interior, though bare, remains in good condition. It is not open to the public.<ref name="dkpl2"/>

== See also ==
* [[List of Maginot Line ouvrages|List of all works on Maginot Line]]
* [[Siegfried Line]]
* [[Atlantic Wall]]
* [[Czechoslovak border fortifications]]

== Notes ==
<references group="nb" />

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== Bibliography ==
*Allcorn, William. ''The Maginot Line 1928-45.'' Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2003. {{ISBN|1-84176-646-1}}
*Kaufmann, J.E. and Kaufmann, H.W. ''Fortress France: The Maginot Line and French Defenses in World War II'', Stackpole Books, 2006. {{ISBN|0-275-98345-5}}
*Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovič-Potočnik, A. and Lang, P. ''The Maginot Line: History and Guide'', Pen and Sword, 2011. {{ISBN|978-1-84884-068-3}}
*Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. ''Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 1.'' Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2001. {{ISBN|2-908182-88-2}} {{in lang|fr}}
*Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. ''Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 2.'' Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2003. {{ISBN|2-908182-97-1}} {{in lang|fr}}
*Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. ''Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 3.'' Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2003. {{ISBN|2-913903-88-6}} {{in lang|fr}}
*Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. ''Hommes et Ouvrages de la Ligne Maginot, Tome 5.'' Paris, Histoire & Collections, 2009. {{ISBN|978-2-35250-127-5}} {{in lang|fr}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.fortiff.be/maginot/index.php?page=c71 Ferme Chappy (petit ouvrage A1 de la)] at fortiff.be {{in lang|fr}}
*[http://lignemaginot.com/ligne/sf-crun/chappy/index.htm Petit ouvrage de la Ferme Chappy] at lignemaginot.com {{in lang|fr}}
*[http://www.alsacemaginot.com/pages/racine-decouverte-crusnes-fermechappy Ouvrage de la Ferme Chappy] at alsacemaginot.com {{in lang|fr}}
*[http://www.wikimaginot.eu/visu.php?id=10571#N13262 Ouvrage Ferme Chappy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403172107/http://wikimaginot.eu/visu.php?id=10571#N13262 |date=2016-04-03 }} at wikimaginot.eu {{in lang|fr}}

{{commonscat|Ouvrage de la Ferme-Chappy}}
{{Maginot Line list}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ferme Chappy, Ouvrage}}
[[Category:Maginot Line]]
[[Category:Fortified sector of the Crusnes]]