View source for Open front rounded vowel

{{Short description|Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɶ⟩ in IPA}}
{{hatnote group|
{{redirect-distinguish|ɶ|Œ}}
{{other uses|oe (disambiguation)}}
}}
{{Infobox IPA
|ipa symbol  = ɶ
|ipa number  = 312
|decimal     = 630
|x-sampa     = &
|kirshenbaum = a.
|imagefile   = IPA Unicode 0x0276.svg
|imagesize   = 150px
|braille     = in
|braille2    = ow
}}
{{IPA vowels|class=floatright}}

The ('''near-''')'''open front rounded vowel''', or ('''near-''')'''low front rounded vowel''',<ref>{{Vowel terminology}}</ref> is a type of [[vowel]] sound that has not been confirmed to be [[phonemic]] in any [[Speech communication|spoken]] [[language]].{{citation needed|date=June 2023|reason=Source for the claim "has not been confirmed to be phonemic."}} The symbol in the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] that represents this sound is {{angbr IPA|ɶ}}, and the equivalent [[X-SAMPA]] symbol is <code>&</code>. The letter {{angbr IPA|ɶ}} is the [[small caps]] rendition of {{angbr|[[Œ]]}}. {{angbr IPA|œ}}, the lowercase version of the ligature, is used for the [[open-mid front rounded vowel]].

While the IPA chart lists it as a fully open vowel, the rounded equivalent of {{IPA|[a]}}, Ladefoged<ref>{{SOWL|290}}</ref> characterizes it as near-open, the rounded equivalent of {{IPA|[æ]}}.

A phoneme generally transcribed by this symbol is reported from the [[Bavarian language|Bavarian]] [[Amstetten dialect|dialect of Amstetten]]. However, it is phonetically [[Open-mid vowel|open-mid]], {{IPAblink|œ}}.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Traunmüller|1982}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt|Ladefoged|Maddieson|1996|p=290}}</ref>

It occurs allophonically in Weert Limburgish<ref name="hg">{{Harvcoltxt|Heijmans|Gussenhoven|1998|p=110}}</ref> as well as in some speakers of [[Danish language|Danish]]<ref name="bas46">{{Harvcoltxt|Basbøll|2005|p=46}}</ref> and [[Swedish language|Swedish]].<ref name="Riad38">{{Harvcoltxt|Riad|2014|p=38}}</ref> Certain transcriptions of [[Danish language|Danish]] use {{angbr IPA|ɶ}} to denote an ''open-mid'' front rounded vowel {{IPAblink|œ}}.<ref name="bas46"/>

In [[Maastrichtian Limburgish]], the vowel transcribed with {{angbr IPA|ɶː}} in the [https://www.mestreechtertaol.nl/home Mestreechter Taol] dictionary is phonetically near-open central {{IPAblink|ɐ̹ː}}. It is a phonological open-mid front rounded vowel, the long counterpart of {{IPA|/œ/}}.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Gussenhoven|Aarts|1999|pp=159, 161–162, 164}}</ref>

{{Harvcoltxt|Riad|2014}} reports that {{IPA|[ɶː]}} in Stockholm Swedish is sometimes difficult to distinguish from {{IPAblink|ɒː}}, which is the main realization of the {{IPA|/ɑː/}} phoneme, a sign that both vowels are phonetically very close.<ref name="Riad38"/>

==Features==
{{open vowel}}
{{front vowel}}
{{rounded vowel}}

==Occurrence==
{| class="wikitable" style="clear: both;"
! colspan=2 | Language !! Word !! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]!! Meaning !! Notes
|-
| [[Danish language|Danish]] || Some speakers<ref name="bas46"/> || {{lang|da|[[Danish alphabet|gr'''ø'''n]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈkʁɶ̝nˀ]}} || 'green' || Near-open;<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Grønnum|1998|p=100}}</ref> allophone of {{IPA|/ø/}} between {{IPA|/ʁ/}} and {{IPA|/v/}} as well as an allophone of {{IPA|/œ/}} between {{IPA|/ʁ/}} and a nasal.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Grønnum|2005|p=288}}</ref> Other speakers pronounce it the same as {{IPAblink|œ}}.<ref name="bas46"/> See [[Danish phonology]]
|-
| [[Limburgish language|Limburgish]] || Weert dialect<ref name="hg"/> || {{lang|li|b'''u'''i}} || {{IPA|[bɶj]}} || 'shower' || Allophone of {{IPA|/œ/}} before {{IPA|/j/}}.<ref name="hg"/> See [[Weert dialect phonology]]
|-
| [[Swedish language|Swedish]] || Stockholm<ref name="Riad38"/> || {{lang|sv|[[Swedish alphabet|'''ö'''ra]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈɶ̂ːra̠]}} || 'ear' || Pre-{{IPA|/r/}} allophone of {{IPA|/øː/}} (sometimes also {{IPA|/œ/}}) for younger speakers.<ref name="Riad38"/> Open-mid {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|œː}}, {{IPAplink|œ}}]}} for other speakers.<ref name="Riad38"/> See [[Swedish phonology]]
|}

==See also==
* [[Index of phonetics articles]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|30em}}

==References==
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{citation
|last=Basbøll
|first=Hans
|author-link=Hans Basbøll
|year=2005
|title=The Phonology of Danish
|publisher=Taylor & Francis
|isbn=0-203-97876-5
}}
* {{citation
|last=Grønnum
|first=Nina
|year=1998
|title=Danish
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|volume=28
|issue=1–2
|pages=99–105
|doi=10.1017/S0025100300006290
|s2cid=249412109
}}
* {{citation
|last=Grønnum
|first=Nina
|year=2005
|title=Fonetik og fonologi, Almen og Dansk
|edition=3rd
|publisher=Akademisk Forlag
|place=Copenhagen
|isbn=87-500-3865-6
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9RtCAgAAQBAJ
}}
* {{citation
|last1=Gussenhoven
|first1=Carlos
|last2=Aarts
|first2=Flor
|year=1999
|title=The dialect of Maastricht
|publisher=University of Nijmegen, Centre for Language Studies
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|volume=29
|issue=2
|pages=155–166
|doi=10.1017/S0025100300006526
|s2cid=145782045
|url=http://gep.ruhosting.nl/carlos/gussenhoven_aarts.pdf
}}
* {{citation
|last1=Heijmans
|first1=Linda
|last2=Gussenhoven
|first2=Carlos
|year=1998
|title=The Dutch dialect of Weert
|journal=Journal of the International Phonetic Association
|volume=28
|issue=1–2
|pages=107–112
|doi=10.1017/S0025100300006307
|s2cid=145635698
|url=http://gep.ruhosting.nl/carlos/weert.pdf
}}
* {{SOWL}}
* {{Citation
|last=Riad
|first=Tomas
|year=2014
|title=The Phonology of Swedish
|publisher=Oxford University Press
|isbn=978-0-19-954357-1
}}
* {{citation
|last=Traunmüller
|first=Hartmut
|year=1982
|title=Vokalismus in der westniederösterreichischen Mundart.
|journal=Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik
|volume=2
|pages=289–333
}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{phoible|ɶ}}

{{IPA navigation}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Open Front Rounded Vowel}}
[[Category:Open vowels]]
[[Category:Front vowels]]
[[Category:Rounded vowels]]