View source for Ontario Highway 407

{{Short description|Controlled-access highway (Partial Tollway) in Ontario}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2018}}
{{redirect|Highway 407|the station|Highway 407 station|other highways with that number|List of highways numbered 407}}
{{Good article}}
{{Infobox road
| province       = ON
| type           = Both
| route          = 407
| maint          = <br />[[Ministry of Transportation (Ontario)|Province of Ontario]]<br />407 ETR Concession Company Limited
| map            = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=290|frame-height=260|type=line|raw={{Wikipedia:Map data/Wikipedia KML/Ontario Highway 407}}}}
| map_custom     = yes
| map_notes      = Highway 407 highlighted in red
| length_km      = 151.4<!-- QEW to Brock Rd is 107.9 - adjustment for error at Hwy 403 junction per 407 ETR + 30.8 from Highway 407 East-->
| length_ref     = <ref name="length">{{cite web
 |title        = Map / Toll Calculator
 |publisher    = 407 ETR
 |date         = December 11, 2019
 |url          = https://www.407etr.com/en/tolls/tolls/toll-calculator.html
 |access-date  = December 11, 2019
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |title        = Design - Highway 407 Project
 |publisher    = Highway407east.com<!-- Not clear from Contact Us or Privacy Statement pages if this website is maintained by the province/MTO, 407 EDG, or Blackbird Infrastructure Group -->
 |date         = October 2012
 |url          = http://highway407east.com/project-info/project-facts/design/
 |access-date  = July 7, 2016
 |url-status   = usurped
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160707173023/http://highway407east.com/project-info/project-facts/design/
 |archive-date = July 7, 2016
 |df           = mdy-all}}</ref>
| history        = {{plainlist|
* Proposed 1959–1986,<ref name="suburbs">{{cite book
 | title       = The Shape of the Suburbs: Understanding Toronto's Sprawl
 | first       = John
 | last        = Sewell
 | publisher   = University of Toronto Press
 | year        = 2009
 | page        = 72
 | isbn        = 978-0-8020-9884-9
 | url         = https://books.google.com/books?id=dFA2YUVA57wC&q=%22Highway+403%22&pg=PA72
 | access-date = July 1, 2010}}</ref>
* Opened 1997–2001<ref name="opened">{{cite news
 | title      = At Last – Opening Bell Tolls for the 407
 | first1     = Bob
 | last1      = Mitchell
 | work       = The Toronto Star
 | date       = June 6, 1997
 | department = News
 | pages      = A1, A6}}</ref><ref name="dates">{{cite report
 |title        = Settlement of Claim of Richard Prendiville
 |publisher    = Ontario Superior Court of Justice
 |date         = December 12, 2001
 |page         = 7
 |url          = http://www.kmlaw.ca/site_documents/011240_SOC_18dec01.pdf
 |access-date  = June 30, 2014
 |url-status   = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140727041251/http://www.kmlaw.ca/site_documents/011240_SOC_18dec01.pdf
 |archive-date = July 27, 2014
 |df           = mdy-all}}</ref>
* Extended 2016–2019<ref name="phase1">{{cite web
 | title       = Hwy. 407 eastern extension opens between Pickering and Oshawa
 | url         = http://www.insidetoronto.com/news-story/6734110-hwy-407-eastern-extension-opens-between-pickering-and-oshawa/
 | website     = Inside Toronto
 | date        = June 21, 2016}}</ref><ref name="phase2a">{{cite web
 | title       = Ontario Opens New Section of Highway in Durham Region
 | url         = https://news.ontario.ca/mto/en/2018/01/ontario-opens-new-section-of-highway-in-durham-region.html
 | website     = Ontario Newsroom
 | access-date = January 2, 2018
 | language    = en}}</ref><ref name="phase2b">{{cite web
 | title       = Extension of Ontario Hwy. 407, new Hwy. 418 open east of Toronto
 | url         = https://www.on-sitemag.com/roads/extension-of-ontario-hwy-407-new-hwy-418-open-east-of-toronto/1003966229/
 | website     = On-Site
 | access-date = December 11, 2019
 | language    = en
 | date        = December 9, 2019
 }}</ref>
}}
| direction_a    = West
| terminus_a     = {{jcon|Hwy|403|con=QEW}} in [[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]]
| junction       = {{plainlist|
* {{jcon|Hwy|403|}} in [[Mississauga]]
* {{jcon|Hwy|401|}} in [[Milton, Ontario|Milton]]
* {{jcon|Hwy|410|}} in [[Brampton]]
* {{jcon|Hwy|427|}} in [[Vaughan]]
* {{jcon|Hwy|400|}} in Vaughan
* {{jcon|Hwy|404|}} in [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]
* {{jcon|Hwy|412|}} in [[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]]
* {{jcon|Hwy|418|}} in [[Clarington, Ontario|Clarington]]
}}
| direction_b    = East
| terminus_b     = {{jcon|Hwy|35|con=115}} in Clarington
| previous_type  = Hwy
| previous_route = 406
| next_type      = Hwy
| next_route     = 409
}}
'''King's Highway 407''', commonly referred to as '''Highway 407''' and colloquially as the "four-oh-seven", is a [[400-series highways|400-series highway]] in the [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Canadian province]] of [[Ontario]]. Comprising a tolled privately leased segment and a publicly owned segment, the route spans the entire [[Greater Toronto Area]] (GTA) around the city of [[Toronto]], travelling through the suburbs of [[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]], [[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]], [[Mississauga]], [[Brampton]], [[Vaughan]], [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]], [[Pickering, Ontario|Pickering]], [[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]], and [[Oshawa]] before ending in [[Clarington]], north of [[Orono, Ontario|Orono]] and Newcastle. At {{convert|151.4|km|mi}} long, it is the fourth-longest expressway in Ontario's 400-series network, after Highways [[Ontario Highway 417|417]], [[Ontario Highway 400|400]], and [[Ontario Highway 401|401]]. The tolled segment between Burlington and [[Brougham, Ontario|Brougham]] in Pickering is leased to and operated by the 407&nbsp;ETR Concession Company Limited and is officially known as the '''407 Express Toll Route''' ('''407&nbsp;ETR'''). It begins at the Freeman Interchange between the [[Queen Elizabeth Way]] (QEW) and [[Ontario Highway 403|Highway&nbsp;403]] in Burlington; the highway travels {{convert|108.0|km|abbr=on}} across the urban GTA to Brock Road in Pickering. East of Brock Road, the freeway continues east as '''Highway 407''' (referred to as '''Highway 407 East''' during development to distinguish it from 407 ETR), a route operated by the provincial government and formerly tolled, for {{convert|43.4|km|abbr=on}} to [[Ontario Highway 35|Highway 35]]/[[Ontario Highway 115|115]] in Clarington. The route interchanges with nine freeways in Ontario: the [[Queen Elizabeth Way|QEW]], [[Ontario Highway 403|Highway&nbsp;403]], [[Highway&nbsp;401]], [[Ontario Highway 410|Highway&nbsp;410]], [[Ontario Highway 427|Highway&nbsp;427]], [[Ontario Highway 400|Highway&nbsp;400]], [[Ontario Highway 404|Highway&nbsp;404]], [[Ontario Highway 412|Highway&nbsp;412]], and [[Ontario Highway 418|Highway&nbsp;418]]. 407 ETR is an electronically operated toll highway; there are no toll booths along the route. Distances are calculated automatically using [[transponders]] or [[automatic number-plate recognition]], which are scanned at entrance and exit portals.

Highway&nbsp;407 was planned in the late 1950s as a freeway bypassing Toronto's segment of Highway&nbsp;401, the busiest highway in North America.<ref name="tgcar">{{cite web
 | title      = Carmageddon: the world's busiest roads
 | last       = Allen
 | first      = Paddy
 | url        = https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2011/jul/11/cars-busiest-roads-i405-interactive
 | website    = The Guardian
 | publisher  = Guardian News & Media Ltd.
 | date       = July 11, 2011
 | access-date = July 11, 2014}}</ref><ref name="fhwa">{{cite report
 | title      = Long-Life Concrete Pavements in Europe and Canada
 | first      = Hanna
 | last       = Maier
 | publisher  = Federal Highway Administration
 | date       = October 9, 2007
 | section    = Chapter&nbsp;2
 | url        = https://international.fhwa.dot.gov/pubs/pl07027/llcp_07_02.cfm
 | access-date = May 1, 2010
 | quote      = The key high-volume highways in Ontario are the 400-series highways in the southern part of the province. The most important of these is the 401, the busiest highway in North America, with average annual daily traffic (AADT) of more than 425,000&nbsp;vehicles in 2004 and daily traffic sometimes exceeding 500,000&nbsp;vehicles.}}</ref> However, construction did not begin until 1987. During the early 1990s, the provincial government proposed tolling the highway to alleviate a revenue shortfall. The central sections of Highway&nbsp;407 opened in 1997, and the remaining sections were built quickly over the following four years, with the final segment opening in mid-2001.<ref name="opened" /> Despite being included in the 400-series network, the Highway&nbsp;407 ETR section is not considered part of the provincial highway network as it is now privately operated.<!--While the Highway 407 Act uses the term "owned" the actual definition of the term in the Act refers to it being leased and operated--><ref>{{cite web
 | title      = Highway 407 Act, 1998, Sections 12(1) and 12(2)
 | publisher  = Service Ontario e-Laws
 | url        = http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_98h28_e.htm#BK14 
 | access-date = August 25, 2014| date = July 24, 2014
 }}</ref> The segment is operated privately under a [[99-year lease]] agreement signed with the Conservative provincial government, which was sold in 1999 for about [[Canadian Dollar|C$]]3.1 billion to a consortium of Canadian and Spanish investors operating under the name 407&nbsp;International Inc.<ref name="Profits Soar">{{cite web
 | title      = Highway 407 Profits Soar
 | author     = Canadian Press
 | publisher  = Toronto Star
 | date       = February 15, 2013
 | url        = https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2013/02/15/highway_407_profits_soar.html
 | access-date = February 23, 2013}}</ref> The privatization of the Highway&nbsp;407 ETR section has been the source of significant criticism,<ref name = "PC Blunder">{{cite news|last1=Regg Cohn|first1=Martin|title=PC blunder over Highway 407 looms over Liberals on Hydro: Cohn|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/queenspark/2015/03/30/pc-blunder-over-highway-407-looms-over-liberals-on-hydro-cohn.html|access-date=December 6, 2017|work=Toronto Star|date=March 30, 2015|language=en-CA|quote=The 407 deal is now considered a financial blunder on a par with Newfoundland's lease of Churchill Falls to Quebec, and China's surrender of Hong Kong to Britain, for equally ill-fated 99-year leases.}}</ref> especially regarding increases in tolls, plate denial, and false charges. In addition, the safety of segments built after the sale of the freeway has been called into question.

Phase&nbsp;1 of a provincially owned and tolled extension of the route, known solely as Highway 407 (not Highway 407 ETR), opened to traffic from Brock Road in Pickering to Harmony Road in Oshawa on June 20, 2016. Included as part of this extension was the construction of a tolled north–south link between Highways 401 and 407, known as [[Ontario Highway 412|Highway&nbsp;412]].<ref name="phase1" /> Phase&nbsp;2 later extended the provincially owned portion of Highway 407 to [[Ontario Highway 35|Highway&nbsp;35]]&nbsp;/ [[Ontario Highway 115|Highway&nbsp;115]] in Clarington. This construction was completed in two stages, with Phase&nbsp;2A opening on January 2, 2018, as a {{convert|9.6|km|adj=on}} extension to Taunton Road,<ref name="phase2a" /> and Phase&nbsp;2B opening on December 9, 2019, as a {{convert|23.3|km|adj=on}} extension to Highway&nbsp;35 and Highway&nbsp;115. Included as part of this extension was the construction of another tolled north–south link between Highways 401 and 407, known as [[Ontario Highway 418|Highway&nbsp;418]].<ref name="phase2b" />

Unusually, Highway 407 does not reach or pass through any of its three [[control city|control cities]]: Hamilton, Toronto, or [[Peterborough, Ontario|Peterborough]]. Hamilton is accessed by following either the QEW or Highway 403 beyond its western terminus in Burlington. Toronto proper is bypassed but is used as a control city due to the similar sizes of the suburban municipalities the highway passes through in [[Regional Municipality of York|York]] and [[Regional Municipality of Peel|Peel]] Regions, and control cities are not shown at street entrances in these regions, as is the case for freeways passing through Toronto. In the east, Peterborough is reached by briefly following the Highway 35/Highway 115 [[Concurrency (road)|concurrency]] north and then continuing northeast on Highway 115 alone.

{{TOC limit|limit=3}}

== Route description ==
[[File:407ETR Terminus.jpg|thumb|left|Highway 407 begins at the [[Ontario Highway 403|Highway 403]]/[[Queen Elizabeth Way]] junction in [[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]].]]

Highway 407 is a {{convert|151.4|km|mi|adj=mid|-long}}<ref name="length" /> [[controlled-access highway]] (freeway) that encircles the GTA, passing through [[Burlington, Ontario|Burlington]], [[Oakville, Ontario|Oakville]], [[Mississauga]], [[Brampton]], [[Vaughan]], [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]], [[Pickering, Ontario|Pickering]], [[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]], [[Oshawa]], and [[Clarington]], as well as travelling immediately north of [[Toronto]].<ref name="2011 mapart">
{{cite map |title = Golden Horseshoe
 |cartography = [[MapArt]]
 |publisher   = Peter Heiler Ltd
 |year        = 2011
 |isbn        = 978-1-55198-213-7
 |pages       = [https://archive.org/details/torontoarea0000unse/page/258 258, 353–357, 451–453, 457–459, 464, 469–470, 474–475]
 |section     = H2–9,<!-- Durham (p. 258)--> V3–Z42,<!-- York (pp. 353–357) --> Y8–R56<!-- Y to Z, A to R. Halton/Peel (remaining pages) -->
 |url-access  = registration
 |url         = https://archive.org/details/torontoarea0000unse/page/258
}}</ref><ref name="gmaps">
{{google maps
 | title      = Highway 407 - Length and Route
 | url        = https://www.google.ca/maps?saddr=Unknown+road&daddr=Express+Toll+Route/ON-407+E&hl=en&ll=43.632099,-79.475098&spn=1.035696,1.766052&sll=43.914589,-79.103365&sspn=0.016107,0.027595&geocode=FQxHlQId79w9-w;FT0UngId-PVI-w&t=h&mra=dme&mrsp=1&sz=15&z=9
 | access-date = July 19, 2014
}}</ref> Although the general public felt that tolling made the highway a luxury rather than fulfilling its original purpose of relieving traffic on Highway&nbsp;401,<ref name="eye" /><ref name="risingtolls">{{cite news | title = 407 is the Road Less Travelled Due to Highway's Rising Tolls | first = Kevin | last = McGran | work = The Toronto Star | date = January 4, 2003 | page = A18}}</ref> Highway 407 ETR had average daily trip counts of over 350,000 vehicles in June 2014.<ref>
{{cite web
 |title       = Usage Statistics
 |publisher   = 407 ETR
 |url         = http://www.407etr.com/about/usage-statistics.html
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140808042419/http://www.407etr.com/about/usage-statistics.html
 |archive-date = August 8, 2014
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref> The 407&nbsp;ETR is contractually responsible for maintaining high traffic levels as justification for increasing tolls, but conducts its own traffic studies.<ref name="eye" /> Despite increased usage, parallel roads that Highway&nbsp;407 was intended to supplement continue to grow congested, forcing the MTO to revisit costly widening projects of Highway&nbsp;401 and the QEW.<ref name="eye" />

Highway&nbsp;407 was designed with aesthetics and environmental concerns in mind, featuring landscaped embankments, 79 storm drainage ponds, and a curb and gutter system.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title       = Company Reports - 407 ETR: Drive the Open Road
 | first       = Sarah
 | last        = Wolfe
 | publisher   = White Digital Media Group
 | work        = Business Review Canada
 | url         = http://www.businessreviewcanada.ca/reports/407-etr-drive-open-road
 | access-date  = August 25, 2014
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140808055118/http://www.businessreviewcanada.ca/reports/407-etr-drive-open-road
 | archive-date = August 8, 2014}}</ref> Unlike most Ontario highways, it features concrete pavement as opposed to top-coated asphalt. Because of this, the [[high-mast lighting]] along the urban portions of the route features fewer luminaires than asphalt-surfaced freeways.<ref>{{cite report
 | title      = The Design and Construction of Concrete Pavements for Highway 407 ETR - Express Toll Route
 | publisher  = Transportation Association of Canada
 | year       = 1997
}}</ref>

=== Burlington–Vaughan ===
Highway&nbsp;407 begins in Burlington within [[Regional Municipality of Halton|Halton Region]] (part of the GTA) at the Freeman Interchange between Highway&nbsp;403 and the QEW, from which it branches off northward. The six-lane route passes under Brant Street (Halton Regional Road 18), Upper Middle Road, and Guelph Line (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;1) before it interchanges with [[Dundas Street]] (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;5, formerly [[Ontario Highway 5|Highway&nbsp;5]]). It briefly enters [[open space reserve|green space]] as it curves gently to the northeast, eventually avoiding the nearby [[Niagara Escarpment]]. The route is crossed by Walkers Line, east of which residential subdivisions line the south side and green space lines the north of the highway. At an interchange with Appleby Line (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;20), the highway straightens and travels parallel to Dundas Street before passing over [[Bronte Creek]] and under the [[Canadian National Railway]]'s (CN) [[CN Halton Subdivision|Halton Subdivision]].<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />
[[File:Hwy 407 near Hwy 403 2024.jpg|thumb|Highway 407 alignment to Highway 403 in Mississauga.]]
[[File:Highway 407ETR at Highway 401.jpg|thumb|right|Highway&nbsp;407 south of Highway&nbsp;401; this section follows a north–south alignment to Highway&nbsp;403.]]
East of Bronte Creek, Highway&nbsp;407 enters an agricultural area, which is interspersed with [[woodlot|woodlots]]. It enters Oakville at the Tremaine Road (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;22) overpass, then gradually swerves to the north as it encounters an interchange with Bronte Road (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;25, formerly [[Ontario Highway 25|Highway&nbsp;25]]). The route crosses [[Sixteen Mile Creek (Halton Region)|Sixteen Mile Creek]] just north of Glenarchy Conservation Area, then travels parallel to the creek for several kilometres. It swerves north after an interchange with Neyagawa Boulevard (Halton Regional Road 4), north of the Hamlet of [[Oakville, Ontario|Glenarchy]]. After diverging from the creek, it curves northeast, parallel to and north of [[Burnhamthorpe Road]] (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;27) and the William Halton Parkway (Burnhamthorpe Road's bypass), where it crosses under Sixth Line and interchanges with Trafalgar Road (Halton Regional Road&nbsp;3). Highway&nbsp;407 then encounters Highway&nbsp;403 (near Hydro One Trafalgar Transformer Station), where it curves sharply to the northwest, while Highway&nbsp;403 curves from the southeast to the northeast; resulting in both highways meeting and deflecting at a 90-degree angle and not crossing each other.<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

Now travelling parallel to and immediately west of the Halton–[[Regional Municipality of Peel|Peel]] regional boundary and [[Milton, Ontario|Milton]]–Mississauga city limits, the six-lane Highway&nbsp;407 progresses northwest alongside [[Hydro One]]'s [[Electric power transmission|power transmission corridor]], with residential areas to the east and farmland to the west. The route continues as such northwest to Highway&nbsp;401, passing under Lower Base Line and [[Eglinton Avenue]] and interchanging with [[List of roads in Mississauga#Britannia Road|Britannia Road]] and [[List of roads in Mississauga#Derry Road|Derry Road]] (Halton Regional Roads&nbsp;6 and 7) before crossing the [[Canadian Pacific Railway]]'s (CP) [[Galt Subdivision]]; it then crosses under transmission lines. At an interchange with Highway&nbsp;401, the route makes a sharp curve to the northeast, while interconnecting ramps weave across both freeways over several kilometres. It enters Peel Region at the Winston Churchill Boulevard (Peel Regional Road&nbsp;19) overpass, then follows another hydro corridor just north of the Brampton–Mississauga boundary.<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

[[File:Derry and 407.jpg|left|thumb|Highway&nbsp;407 and [[Derry Road]], facing southwest; this section of Highway&nbsp;407 parallels the boundary between [[Mississauga]] (''at left'') and [[Milton, Ontario|Milton]] (''at right'').]]
Highway&nbsp;407 swerves northeast again, encountering an interchange with Mississauga Road (Peel Regional Road&nbsp;1) just prior to crossing the [[Credit River]] and the [[Orangeville Brampton Railway]], after which it enters the urban GTA. After passing through interchanges with Mavis Road (Peel Regional Road&nbsp;18) and [[Hurontario Street]] (formerly [[Ontario Highway 10|Highway&nbsp;10]]), the highway encounters Highway&nbsp;410 at another sprawling interchange located over [[Etobicoke Creek]]. Over the next {{convert|7|km|mi}}, the highway nudges northward into Brampton, interchanging with Dixie Road (Peel Regional Road&nbsp;4) and Bramalea Road, meeting another CN railway line, and crossing over the CN Halton Subdivision, before crossing under [[Steeles Avenue]] (Peel Regional Road&nbsp;15). Highway&nbsp;407 curves back to the northeast as it interchanges with Airport Road (Peel Regional Road&nbsp;7) and passes beneath another CN line, before crossing under hydro lines and encountering the final interchange in Peel Region at Goreway Drive, as York Region is ahead. It crosses the [[Humber River (Ontario)|West Humber River]] and under former [[Ontario Highway 50|Highway&nbsp;50]] in [[Claireville Conservation Area]] before curving east into Vaughan, in [[Regional Municipality of York|York Region]].<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

=== Vaughan–Pickering ===
[[File:Highway 407 Overview.jpg|thumb|right|Highway&nbsp;407 facing east toward Pine Valley Drive with a hydro corridor, in [[Vaughan]].]]
Immediately after crossing into Vaughan and York Region, Highway&nbsp;407 encounters the first of three large interchanges with other 400-series highways. The Highway&nbsp;427 interchange is a [[Stack interchange|four-level partial stack]] located just north of Steeles Avenue (York Regional Road&nbsp;95) and adjacent to the 407 ETR Concession Company offices. The interchange features weaved ramps which connect to former [[Ontario Highway 27|Highway&nbsp;27]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;27), located just to the east. The route continues eastward, parallel to and north of Steeles Avenue and south of Highway&nbsp;7 (York Regional Road&nbsp;7). It dives through the Humber River Valley alongside a CN line and along the northern border of Thackeray Conservation Lands, passing beneath a CP line. After crossing under transmission lines of a hydro corridor (now remerged back into two [[Transmission tower|hydro towers]]) and interchanging with Pine Valley Drive (York Regional Road&nbsp;57), the route becomes sandwiched between the industrial lands of the Pine Valley Business Park and the Emery Creek Corporate Park, Greater Toronto's industrial places. A partial interchange with [[Weston Road]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;56) lies just west of the large, four-level stack interchange with Highway&nbsp;400 (Toronto–Barrie Highway), the only of its kind in Canada. An interchange with [[Jane Street (Toronto)|Jane Street]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;55) is interwoven into the east side of the Highway&nbsp;400 interchange, below which pass the tunnels of the [[Line 1 Yonge–University]] Subway; the [[Highway 407 station]] (with its large commuter parking lot and [[GO Transit bus services|GO Transit bus]] terminal serving the highway corridor) is located south of the highway.<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

[[File:Hwy 407 at Thronhill 2024.jpg|thumb|left|Highway&nbsp;407 east of Bayview Ave., near the boundary of [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]] and [[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]].]]
Still travelling alongside a hydro corridor (power transmission corridor), Highway&nbsp;407 crosses a complex rail [[wye (rail)|wye]], which provides access to the [[MacMillan Yard|CN freight yards]] to the north. After interchanging with Keele Street (York Regional Road&nbsp;6), the route gently curves northward, passing under the [[CN Newmarket Subdivision]], which carries the GO Transit [[Barrie line]]; it then crosses the [[Don River (Ontario)|Don River]]. It curves back eastward as it interchanges with [[Dufferin Street]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;53), travelling adjacent to and south of Highway&nbsp;7. After it interchanges with [[Bathurst Street (Toronto)|Bathurst Street]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;38), Highway&nbsp;407 crosses under transmission lines at an interchange with [[Yonge Street]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;1, formerly [[Ontario Highway 11|Highway 11]]), and then crosses the [[CN Bala Subdivision]], which carries the GO Transit [[Richmond Hill line]]. As the highway swerves east and enters Markham, it interchanges with [[Bayview Avenue]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;34) and once again crosses under transmission lines. A second partial interchange with Leslie Street (York Regional Road&nbsp;12) precedes the third and final large freeway–freeway junction at Highway&nbsp;404, known as a multi-level [[combination interchange]].<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

East of Highway&nbsp;404, the freeway travels generally parallel to the [[Rouge River (Ontario)|Rouge River]]. It interchanges with [[Woodbine Avenue]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;8) and Warden Avenue (York Regional Road&nbsp;65), east of which the route travels alongside a CN line and crosses the GO Transit [[Stouffville line]] (near the [[Unionville GO Station]]). Highway&nbsp;407 continues straight eastward into a residential area, interchanging with Kennedy Road (York Regional Road&nbsp;3), McCowan Road (York Regional Road&nbsp;67), and Markham Road (York Regional Road&nbsp;68), where it diverges from both a CN line and hydro corridor. After crossing the river, the route interchanges with Ninth Line (York Regional Road&nbsp;69) and [[Donald Cousens Parkway]] (York Regional Road&nbsp;48) before exiting the urban Greater Toronto Area (GTA), entering [[Rouge National Urban Park|Rouge Park]], and curving northeast over a CP line.<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

[[File:Ontario Highway 407 Construction at Harmony Road.JPG|thumb|right|Construction in 2015 of the overpass and off-ramp at Harmony Road near a hydro corridor in Durham Region, the temporary terminus of the highway from June 20, 2016, until January 2, 2018.]]
Until the opening of the first phase of 407E in June 2016, the final interchange along Highway&nbsp;407 was with York–Durham Line (York/Durham Regional Road&nbsp;30), the boundary between York Region and [[Regional Municipality of Durham|Durham Region]], as well as Markham and Pickering.<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" />

Immediately after exiting the urban GTA, the highway curves northeast, then crosses West Duffins Creek north of the community of [[Whitevale, Ontario|Whitevale]], south of the future [[Pickering Airport]] and north of the planned community of [[Seaton, Ontario|Seaton]]. Sandwiched between farm fields, the highway is crossed by North Road, before interchanging with Whites Road (Durham Regional Road&nbsp;38, formerly Sideline 26), an interchange which opened in February 2021.<ref>{{cite news
 |title        = 407 ETR Opens new access at Whites Road serving the Seaton community
 |url          = https://newsroom.407etr.com/2021-02-05-407-ETR-Opens-new-access-at-Whites-Road-serving-the-Seaton-community
 |access-date  = April 9, 2025
 |agency       = 407 ETR
 |publisher    = 407 ETR
 |date         = Feb 5, 2021
 |url-status   = live
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20240418165851/https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2021/news-release2021-02-05.html
 |archive-date = April 18, 2024
}}</ref>
Highway&nbsp;407 originally ended just south of [[Brougham, Ontario|Brougham]], Pickering at a signalized intersection with Brock Road (Durham Regional Road&nbsp;1) until the end of 2015, where it continued eastward as Highway&nbsp;7.<ref name="2011 mapart" /><ref name="gmaps" /> However, a new interchange has been built in conjunction with the provincially maintained and tolled extension, Highway&nbsp;407 East, which was constructed east of this point, and ties in with the current freeway, eliminating the at-grade intersection.<ref>
{{cite report
 |title       = 407 East Brock Road Interchange: Design and Construction Report
 |first1      = Jeff
 |last1       = Warren
 |first2      = Alla
 |last2       = Dinerman
 |publisher   = MMM Group
 |date        = February 2013
 |page        = 9
 |url         = http://www.highway407east.com/documents/Highway_407_East_Brock_Road_Interchange_DCR.pdf
 |access-date = August 25, 2014
 |url-status  = usurped
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140808040835/http://www.highway407east.com/documents/Highway_407_East_Brock_Road_Interchange_DCR.pdf
 |archive-date = August 8, 2014
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref>

=== Pickering–Clarington ===
[[File:407 ETR Ends where ON 407 begins.jpg|thumb|Sign for the transition between 407 ETR and 407 East in Pickering, two kilometres west of Brock Road.]]
Immediately east of Brock Road, drivers enter the provincially operated portion of the highway. Right before Brock Road, the freeway turns northeast. After interchanging with Brock Road (near Brougham), Highway 407E is crossed by [[Ontario Highway 7|Highway 7]] (now a provincial highway) and Sideline 14 before it slowly eases due east. The freeway is flanked by farmland is then crossed by Westney Road (Durham Regional Road 31), Salem Road, where there is a maintenance depot, and Kinsale Road before crossing the Pickering–Whitby border at an interchange with Lake Ridge Road (Durham Regional Road 23). Immediately east of Lake Ridge Road, the freeway meets with [[Ontario Highway 412]] at a large Y-interchange.

Still within Greater Toronto, Highway 407 curves southeast to bypass the town of [[Brooklin, Ontario|Brooklin]]. It is crossed by Highway 7 once again before interchanging with [[Ontario Highway 12|Highway 12]]/Baldwin Street (or Durham Regional Road 12) and Thickson Road (Durham Regional Road 26). The freeway becomes parallel with a hydro corridor briefly. Once again, the freeway curves northeast, crossing the [[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]]–[[Oshawa]] boundary, passing over Thornton Road and Winchester Road (Durham Regional Road 3) before interchanging with Simcoe Street (Durham Regional Road 2) and Harmony Road (Durham Regional Road&nbsp;33). The freeway then curves sharply southeast, crossing under the hydro lines it was just parallel to, crossing Winchester Road for the last time, and crossing the Oshawa–[[Clarington]] border. The freeway is then crossed by Langmaid Road and Concession Road 6 before turning due east and interchanging with Enfield Road (Durham Regional Road 34). The freeway passes south of the hamlet of Solina before meeting [[Ontario Highway 418]] at another large Y-interchange. East of the 418, Highway 407 crosses under transmission lines.

Highway 407 then jogs north of the hamlet of Hampton before interchanging with Bowmanville Avenue (Durham Regional Road 57). The freeway is crossed by Middle Road, Liberty Street, and Bethesda Road before it turns slightly northeast. The freeway interchanges with Darlington-Clarke Townline with a B4 Parclo Interchange, which is the last interchange on the freeway. After crossing under hydro lines, the freeway crosses Leskard Road and Best Road, before ending at [[Ontario Highway 35|Highway 35]]/[[Ontario Highway 115|Highway 115]] within Clarington, north of Newcastle, with a modified trumpet interchange.

Both Phase&nbsp;1 of the 407 East Extension, as far as Harmony Road in Oshawa, and Highway&nbsp;412 opened to traffic on June 20, 2016.<ref name="phase1" /> Phase&nbsp;2A of the 407 East Extension, as far as Taunton Road in Clarington opened to traffic on January 2, 2018.<ref name="phase2a" /> Both Phase&nbsp;2B of the 407 East Extension, as far as Highway&nbsp;35 and Highway&nbsp;115 in Clarington and Highway&nbsp;418 opened to traffic on December 9, 2019.<ref name="phase2b" />

== Tolls ==
{{multiple image
 | align             = left
 | direction         = vertical
 | header            = 
 | header_align      = left
 | header_background = 
 | footer            = 
 | footer_align      = left
 | footer_background = 
 | width             = 
 | image1            = 407 Transponder.jpg
 | width1            = 190
 | caption1          = 
 | image2            = Electronic Toll Equipment in Ontario.jpg
 | width2            = 190
 | caption2          = Along with transponders, The 407 uses cameras and licence plate recognition technology to toll vehicles
}}
Similar to most other toll highways, Highway 407 features no toll booths. Rather, a system of cameras and transponders allows for [[electronic toll collection|automatic toll collection]]. It was one of the first highways to exclusively use [[open road tolling]]. Highway&nbsp;407 is otherwise designed as a normal freeway; interchanges connect directly to crossroads. A radio antenna detects when a vehicle with a transponder enters and exits the highway, calculating the toll rate. For vehicles without a transponder, an [[automatic number plate recognition|automatic license plate recognition]] system is used. In both cases, monthly statements are mailed to users. The automatic plate recognition system is linked to several provincial and [[United States|U.S.]] state motor vehicle registries.<ref>
{{cite web
 |title       = Tolls Explained
 |publisher   = 407 ETR
 |url         = http://www.407etr.com/tolls/tolls-explained.html
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140808042516/http://www.407etr.com/tolls/tolls-explained.html
 |archive-date = August 8, 2014
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref> Toll rates are set by the 407&nbsp;ETR and the Province of Ontario for their respectively owned sections. However, the province set out limitations in the 407 ETR lease contract for maintaining traffic volumes to justify toll rates. Despite this, rates have increased annually against the requests of the provincial government, resulting in several court battles and the general public regarding the route as a luxury.<ref name="risingtolls" />

=== Plate denial ===
As part of the contractual agreement with the government, the MTO is required to deny licence plate validation stickers to drivers who have an outstanding 407&nbsp;ETR bill over 125 days past due.<ref>The Highway&nbsp;407 Act, Section&nbsp;22</ref> This process was temporarily halted in February 2000 due to numerous false billing claims. Following a decision by the Ontario Divisional Court on November 7, 2005, the Ontario Registrar of Motor Vehicles was ordered to begin denying the validation or issue of Ontario licence plates and vehicle permits for 407&nbsp;ETR users who have failed to pay owed fees. On November 22, 2005, the MTO announced that it would appeal the decision but would begin to deny plates until the appeal was decided. On February 24, 2006, the Ontario Court of Appeals denied the government leave to appeal the 2005 decision. As a result, plate denial remains in place.<ref name="platedenial">
{{cite news
 |title       = Court of Appeal Denies Government's Request to Appeal Plate Denial Decision for 407 ETR Debts
 |publisher   = 407 ETR
 |date        = February 26, 2006
 |url         = http://www.407etr.com/about/news-release/news-release2006-13.html
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115954/http://www.407etr.com/about/news-release/news-release2006-13.html
 |archive-date = August 26, 2014
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref>

=== Rates ===
* Users of both 407 ETR and Highways 407E/412/418 only receive one bill, with trips on each highway specified.<ref name="Tolling">
{{cite web
 | title      = Tolling
 | publisher  = Highway 407 East
 | date       = 2016
 | url        = http://highway407east.com/#tab-1
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110802120719/http://www.highway407east.com/#tab-1
 | url-status = usurped
 | archive-date = August 2, 2011
 | access-date = July 16, 2016
}}</ref> 
* 407 ETR transponders were compatible with Highways 407E, 412, 418.<ref name="Tolling"/>

==== 407 ETR ====
: ''All dollar amounts listed are [[Canadian dollar]]s. EB = eastbound, WB = westbound''
The rate rose for tolls in 2019 and again in 2020. On December 31, 2019, it was announced that the highway would have seasonal toll rates.<ref name="seasonal">{{Cite web |date=December 31, 2019 |title=407 ETR introducing seasonal toll rates to keep traffic moving |url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2019/news-release2019-12-31.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211183226/https://407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2019/news-release2019-12-31.html |archive-date=December 11, 2023 |access-date=March 15, 2020 |website=www.407etr.com |publisher=407 ETR }}</ref>

As of February 1, 2020, the base tolls for driving on the 407 ETR are as follows:<ref>
{{cite web
 | title      = Complete Fee Details
 | publisher  = 407 ETR
 | date       = February 1, 2018
 | url        = https://www.407etr.com/en/tolls/rate-charts/rate-chart-complete.html
 | access-date =February 6, 2018
}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! colspan = 3 style="text-align:center;"| Duty Class
! colspan= 4| Light<ref>
 {{cite web
 | title      = Current Rate Chart
 | publisher  = 407 ETR
 | date       = February 1, 2018
 | url        = https://www.407etr.com/en/tolls/rate-charts/rate-chart-light.html
 | access-date = February 6, 2018
 }}</ref>
! colspan= 4| Heavy<ref>
 {{cite web
 | title      = Current Rate Chart
 | publisher  = 407 ETR
 | date       = February 1, 2018
 | url        = https://www.407etr.com/en/tolls/rate-charts/rate-chart-heavy.html
 | access-date = February 6, 2018
 }}</ref>
! colspan= 4| Heavy Multi-unit<ref>
 {{cite web
 | title      = Current Rate Chart
 | publisher  = 407 ETR
 | date       = February 1, 2018
 | url        = https://www.407etr.com/en/tolls/rate-charts/rate-chart-multi.html
 | access-date = February 6, 2018
 }}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 3 style="text-align:center;"| Zone
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 4
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 4
| 1
| 2
| 3
| 4
|-
! rowspan= 8 | Time
| colspan= 2 | off-peak
| colspan= 4 | 25.29¢/km
| colspan= 4 | 50.58¢/km
| colspan= 4 | 75.87¢/km
|-
| 06:00–07:00
| WB<br />EB 
| 42.85<br />43.76
| 42.83<br />48.29
| 46.31<br />47.43
| 44.86<br />42.04
| 85.70<br />87.52
| 85.66<br />96.58
| 92.62<br />94.86
| 89.72<br />84.08 
| 128.55<br />131.28
| 128.49<br />144.87
| 138.93<br />142.29
| 134.58<br />126.12
|-
| 07:00–09:30 
| WB<br />EB
| 48.74<br />55.13
| 50.89<br />56.44
| 54.43<br />56.43
| 54.93<br />47.83
| 97.48<br />110.26
| 101.78<br />112.88
| 108.86<br />112.86
| 109.86<br />95.66
| 146.22<br />165.39 
| 152.67<br />169.32 
| 163.29<br />169.29 
| 164.79<br />143.49 
|-
| 09:30–10:30 
| WB<br />EB
| 42.53<br />45.45
| 44.02<br />48.29
| 46.58<br />47.43
| 46.58<br />42.04
| 85.06<br />90.90 
| 88.04<br />96.58 
| 93.16<br />94.86 
| 93.16<br />84.08 
| 127.59<br />136.35 
| 132.06<br />144.87 
| 139.74<br />142.29
| 139.74<br />126.12 
|-
| 10:30–14:30 
| WB<br />EB
| 39.07
| 39.07<br />40.17
| 40.17<br />40.90
| 39.07<br />38.47
| 78.14 
| 78.14<br />80.34 
| 80.34<br />81.80 
| 78.14<br />76.94 
| 117.21 
| 117.21<br />120.51 
| 120.51<br />122.70
| 117.21<br />115.41 
|-
| 14:30–15:30<br />18:00–19:00 
| WB<br />EB
| 51.93<br />44.04
| 50.55<br />48.98
| 51.01<br />51.92
| 43.62<br />48.61
| 103.86<br />88.08
| 101.10<br />97.96
| 102.02<br />103.84
| 87.84<br />97.22
| 155.79<br />132.12 
| 151.65<br />146.94 
| 153.03<br />155.76
| 130.86<br />145.83 
|-
| 15:30–18:00 
| WB<br />EB
| 61.14<br />50.10
| 55.45<br />59.00
| 58.99<br />62.24
| 49.56<br />58.48
| 122.28<br />100.20
| 110.90<br />118.00
| 117.98<br />124.48
| 99.12<br />116.96
| 183.42<br />150.30 
| 166.35<br />177.00 
| 176.97<br />186.72 
| 148.68<br />175.44 
|-
| Midday (weekends & holidays)
| WB<br />EB
| 34.63<br />35.96
| colspan= 2 | 35.96¢/km
| 34.63
| 69.26<br />71.92
| colspan= 2 | 71.92¢/km
| 69.26
| 103.89<br />107.88
| colspan= 2 | 107.88¢/km
| 103.89
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Minimum charge<br />(vehicle with transponder)
| colspan = 2 | Peak 
| rowspan = 2 colspan = 4 | N/A
| colspan = 4 | $19.85/journey
| colspan = 4 | $36.95/journey
|-
| colspan = 2 | Off peak
| colspan = 4 | $12.80/journey
| colspan = 4 | $23.85/journey 
|-
! Accessory Charge
| colspan = 2 | Trip toll
| colspan = 4 | $1/journey
| colspan = 4 | $2/journey
| colspan = 4 | $3/journey
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Additional Charge<br />Journey without transponder
| colspan = 2 | Video toll
| colspan = 4 | $4.20/journey*
| colspan = 4 | $50.00/journey**
| colspan = 4 | $50.00/journey**
|-
| colspan = 2 | Account fee 
| colspan = 12 | $3.95
|-
! rowspan = 2 | Transponder Lease
| colspan = 2 | Annually
| colspan = 12 | $24.50
|-
| colspan = 2 | Monthly 
| colspan = 12 | $3.95
|-
|}
* Starting February 1, 2018, there are 4 zones: 1 from QEW/403 to 401, 2 from 401 to 427, 3 from 427 to 404 and 4 from 404 to 407E (Brock Rd.)
* The toll rate that applies to a specific trip is determined by the time at which a vehicle enters the highway.
* Off-peak rates are in effect 19:00–06:00 Monday to Friday except public holidays, and 19:00–11:00 Saturday, Sunday, and holidays.
* Midday weekday rates are in effect 10:00–14:30, Monday to Friday except for holidays.
* Midday weekend/holiday rates are in effect 11:00–19:00, Saturday, Sunday, and holidays.
* Peak period rates are in effect 06:00–07:00, 09:00–10:00, 14:30–15:30 and 18:00–19:00, Monday to Friday except for public holidays.
* Peak hours rates are in effect 07:00–09:00 and 15:30–18:00, Monday to Friday except for public holidays.
*Heavy goods vehicles and lorries are assessed a minimum toll regardless of the length of their trip.
: * Light goods vehicles without transponders are assessed an additional [[Video tolling|video toll]]. Motorcycles are not charged a video toll because there is rarely a suitable place to mount a transponder.
: ** Heavy-duty vehicles are legally required to have transponders in order to use the highway; offenders may be penalized under the Highway Traffic Act.

==== Provincially operated section ====
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = horizontal
| image1            = Highway 407 East Shield, June 1 2025 (cropped).jpg
| alt1              = 
| image2            = Toll Removal from Highway 407 East, June 1 2025 (01).jpg
| alt2              = 
| total_width       = 400
| footer            = Blue Highway 407 East Shield with toll tab removed in Clarington (left), and a patched-over blue Highway 407 sign indicating the removal of tolls (right). The blue shields and signage will likely be replaced with standard white and green versions respectively. 
}}
[[File:Ontario 407 Toll.svg|right|thumb|80px|Shield
with former toll tab]] 
To compensate for opening delays, tolling of both the Highway 407 extension and [[Ontario Highway 412|Highway 412]] did not commence until February 2017. The tolls also applied to [[Ontario Highway 418|Highway 418]] when first opened in December 2019.<ref name="Tolling"/> On April 5, 2022, Highways 412 and 418 became toll-free, but the tolls on the 407 East Extension remained.<ref name=remove>{{Cite press release |first1 = Ivana |last1 = Yelich |first2 = Dakota |last2 = Brasier |first3 = Simisola |last3 = Ikotun |url = https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/1001631/ontario-government-removing-tolls-on-highways-412-and-418 |title = Ontario Government Removing Tolls on Highways 412 and 418 |date  = February 18, 2022 |publisher = Office of the Premier |access-date = February 18, 2022 }}</ref> On June 1, 2025, following a promise made during the [[2025 Ontario general election]], the provincially operated section of Highway 407 became toll-free. The following tolls show what drivers were charged prior to removal:<ref name="mto.gov.on.ca">
{{cite web
 | title      = Major highway projects - Toll Rates
 | publisher  = Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO)
 | date       = July 7, 2016
 | url        = http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/highway-bridges/major-highway-projects.shtml
 | access-date = July 16, 2016
}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! scope="col" rowspan = 2 | Time period
! scope="col" colspan = 6 | Duty class
|-
<!-- | colspan = 1 style="text-align:right;"| Duty Class -->
! scope="col" colspan= 2 | Light<ref name="mto.gov.on.ca"/>
! scope="col" colspan= 2 | Heavy<ref name="mto.gov.on.ca"/>
! scope="col" colspan= 2 | Heavy Multi-unit<ref name="mto.gov.on.ca"/>
|-
! scope="row" | '''Peak (weekdays)''' <br /> ''(6am–10am and 3pm–7pm)''
| colspan= 2 | 29.66 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 59.32 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 88.97 ¢/km
|-
! scope="row" | '''Midday (weekdays)''' <br /> ''(10am–3pm)''
| colspan= 2 | 23.52 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 47.04 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 70.57 ¢/km
|-
! scope="row" | '''Midday (weekends & holidays)''' <br /> ''(11am–7pm)''
| colspan= 2 | 22.50 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 45.00 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 67.50 ¢/km
|-
! scope="row" | '''Off-peak (weekdays)''' <br /> ''(7pm–6am)''
| colspan= 2 | 19.43 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 38.86 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 58.29 ¢/km
|-
! scope="row" | '''Off-peak (weekends & holidays)''' <br /> ''(7pm–11am)''
| colspan= 2 | 19.43 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 38.86 ¢/km
| colspan= 2 | 58.29 ¢/km
|-
|}
* All end times displayed were rounded up to the nearest minute for simplicity (i.e. 06:00 is actually 5:59:59) 
* The toll rate that applied to a specific trip was determined by the time a vehicle entered the highway.
* Heavy goods vehicles and lorries were assessed a minimum toll regardless of the length of their trip: $3.00 off peak, $5.00 during peak hours. 
* As seen above, the cost of using the provincially owned tollways was less than that of using the 407 ETR.
* Light vehicles without transponders may have been assessed an additional [[Video tolling|video toll]].
* Vehicles weighing over 5,000 kilograms were divided into two categories: Heavy Single Units and Heavy Multiple Units. Heavy Multiple Unit Vehicles were charged two or three times the passenger rate, depending on vehicle size.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title      = Major highway projects – Toll Rates
 | publisher  = Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO)
 | date       = July 7, 2016
 | url        = http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/highway-bridges/major-highway-projects.shtml
 | access-date = July 16, 2016
}}</ref>
* All Heavy Unit vehicles were legally required to have transponders in order to use the highways; offenders may have been penalized under the Highway Traffic Act. <!-- according to signage along freeway entrances -->

== Financial ==

=== Lease ownership ===
As of September 2024,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/investors/|title=407 ETR – Financial Information|access-date=2024-09-26}}</ref> and unchanged since 2019,<ref name="Owner2019-03">{{Cite news |url=https://business.financialpost.com/news/troubled-snc-lavalin-sells-10-stake-in-407-highway-to-omers |title=Troubled SNC-Lavalin to net $3.25B after partial exit from 407 highway |last=Hussain |first=Yadullah |date=2019-04-05 |work=The Financial Post |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref><ref name="Owner2019-08">{{cite news|url=https://www.thespec.com/news-story/9538818-court-clears-way-for-snc-lavalin-to-close-3-25b-sale-of-stake-in-hwy-407/|title=Court clears way for SNC-Lavalin to close $3.25B sale of stake in Hwy. 407|access-date=12 August 2019|work=[[The Hamilton Spectator]]}}</ref> ownership of the 407 ETR Concession Company Limited ("407 ETR"), the operator and manager of the highway, is as follows:
* Indirectly owned subsidiaries of [[Canada Pension Plan Investment Board]]: 50.01%
* Cintra Global S.E., a subsidiary of Spanish firm [[Ferrovial]] S.A.: 43.23%
* [[AtkinsRéalis|AtkinsRéalis Canada Inc.]]: 6.76%

In March 2025,<ref name='2025 sale'>{{cite news |last=Lutz |first=Jay |date=2025-03-13 |title=AtkinsRealis Sells 6.76% Interest In Highway 407 For $2.79 Billion |url=https://thedeepdive.ca/atkinsrealis-sells-6-76-interest-in-highway-407-for-2-79-billion/ |publisher=The deep Dive |access-date=2025-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news | author=[[The Canadian Press]] |date=2025-03-13 |title=AtkinsRéalis sells stake in 407 highway, rounding off turn to pure-play engineering |url=https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/company-news/2025/03/13/atkinsrealis-group-reports-fourth-quarter-profit-down-announces-sale-of-407-stake/ |publisher=BNN Bloomberg |access-date=2025-03-13}}</ref> AtkinsRéalis sold their remaining share of the highway bringing the ownership totals to as follows:
* Indirectly owned subsidiaries of Canada Pension Plan Investment Board: 51.71%
* Cintra Global S.E., a subsidiary of Spanish firm Ferrovial S.A.: 48.29%

=== Revenue and profit ===
The concession has been called a "cash cow" for AtkinsRéalis (then known as SNC-Lavalin),<ref name="45B in a decade">{{Cite news |url=https://business.financialpost.com/investing/highway-407-could-be-worth-up-to-45b-in-a-decade-and-thats-good-news-for-snc-lavalin |title=Highway 407 could be worth up to $45B in a decade, and that's good news for SNC Lavalin |last=Zochodne |first=Geoff |date=2017-09-27 |work=Financial Post |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref> while local media has commented on the "huge jump"<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.guelphmercury.com/news-story/2785598-highway-407-toll-operator-reports-huge-jump-in-profits/ |title=Highway 407 toll operator reports huge jump in profits |date=2012-07-12 |work=Guelph Mercury |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref> or "soar"<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2013/02/15/highway_407_profits_soar.html |title=Highway 407 profits soar |last=Canadian Press |date=2013-02-15 |work=The Toronto Star |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref> in profits.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Income 407
! Year  !! Revenue<br />(millions)  !! Net Income<br />(millions) !! Annual Net income<br />increase (decrease) !! Interest expense<br />(millions) !! Dividends paid<br />(millions) !! Cumulative<br />Dividends paid<br />(millions)!! Long-term<br />debt outstanding (millions) !! Approx Average<br />interest rate<br />on long-term debt !! Net long-term<br />debt added<br />(issued - repaid<br />in millions) !! [[Dividend payout ratio]] !! [[Earnings before interest and taxes|EBIT]]<br />(millions) !! [[Times interest earned]]<br />(Interest Coverage Ratio) !! Expenses (millions)!! Operating Expenses (millions)
|-
| 1999 || $112 || ($50.5)|| || $110 || || ||$2,890 || ||$2,811 <ref name=Income1999>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=00259845&docId=509006|title=407 ET Concession Company Ltd Audited annual financial statements}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2000" /> || || $51 || 0.5 || 61.1 || 40.7
|-
| 2000 || $189.5 || ($87.3)|| || $166 || || ||$3,356 || 6.6% ||$450 <ref name=Income2001 /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2000">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=00333792&docId=643183|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2000|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref> || || $91 || 0.5 || 98.9 || 64.2
|-
| 2001 || $244 || ($96.5)|| || $197 || $0 || ||$3,663 || 6.3% ||$656.8 <ref name=Income2001>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sedar.com/DisplayCompanyDocuments.do?lang=EN&issuerNo=00012280|title=407 International Audited annual financial statements}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2002" /> || || $127 || 0.6 || 117.4 || 69.3
|-
| 2002 || $311 || ($99.1)|| || $252 || $48.5 || ||$3,556 || 6.3% || ($0.2) <ref name=Income2003>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2004/news-release2004-15.html|title=407 International Reports $75.2 Million in Loss for 2003}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2002">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=00516220&docId=1001411|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2002|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref> || || $159 || 0.6 || 151.6 || 103.5
|-
| 2003 || $343.3 || ($75.2)|| || $268 || $55.3 || $103.8 ||$3,923 || 6.2% ||$72 <ref name=Income2004 /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2004" /> || || $187 || 0.7 || 162.8 || 109.9
|-
| 2004 || $383 || ($86.7)|| || $310 || $62.9 || $166.7 ||$4,268 || 5.8% ||$236 <ref name=Income2004>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2005/news-release2005-12.html|title=407 International Reports $86.7 Million Loss for 2004}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2004">{{Cite web|url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=00739831&docId=1411736|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2004|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref> || || $223 || 0.7 || 160.4 || 105.8
|-
| 2005 || $420.2 || ($27.5)|| || $287 || $85 || $251.7 ||$4,347 || 5.8% ||($6.4) <ref name=Profits2006 /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2006" /> || || $261 || 0.9 || 158.9 || 104.0
|-
| 2006 || $455.7 || $48.5|| || $247 || $145 || $397 || $4,477 || 6.0% ||$98 <ref name=Profits2006>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2007/news-release2007-18.html|title=407 International Reports 2006 Results}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2006">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=01048450&docId=1883823|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2006|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref> || 276% || $290 || 1.2 || 165.3 || 103.0
|-
| 2007 || $519 || $60.3 || 24% || $282 || $120 || $517 ||$4,594 || 5.2% ||$113 <ref name="Profits2008" /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2008" /> || 199% || $339 || 1.2 || 179.9 || 111.3
|-
| 2008 || $546.5 || $119 || 97% || $234 || $135 || $652 ||$4,681 || 5.6% ||$67 <ref name=Profits2008>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2009/news-release2009-4.html|title=407 International Reports 2008 Results}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2008">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=01373647&docId=2352268|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2008|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref> || 113% || $342 || 1.5 || 204.2 || 132.2
|-
| 2009 || $560 || $58.2 || (49%) || $372 || $190 || $842 ||$4,103 || 5.4% ||$92 <ref name="Profits2010" /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2010" /> || 326% || $383 || 1.0 || 177.4 || 116
|-
| 2010 || $624 || $77 || 32% || $333 || $300 || $1,142 ||$5,255 || 5.4% ||$317 <ref name=Profits2010>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2011/news-release2011-01.html|title=407 International Reports 2010 Results}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2010">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=01699027&docId=2821185|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2010|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref> || 389% || $443 || 1.3 || 181.1 || 124.2
|-
| 2011 || $675 || $128.3 || 67% || $335 || $460 || $1,602 ||$5,365 || 5.2% ||$41.7 || 358%|| ${{Round|{{#expr:675 - 179.6}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(675 - 179.6)/335}} |1}} || 179.6||121.2<ref name="Profits2012" /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2012" />
|-
| 2012 || $734 || $174.4 || 36% || $314 || $600 || $2,202 ||$5,773 || 5.0% ||$390  || 344%|| ${{Round|{{#expr:734 - 186.4}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(734 - 186.4)/314}} |1}} || 186.4||125.8<ref name=Profits2012>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2013/news-release2013-02-14.html|title=407 International Reports 2012 Results}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2012">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=02015511&docId=3269297|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2012|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref>
|-
| 2013 || $801 || $248.7 || 43% || $273 || $690 || $2,892 ||$6,204 || 5.0% ||$460  || 277%|| ${{Round|{{#expr:801 - 199}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(801 - 199)/273}} |1}} || 199||136.4<ref name="Profits2014" /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2014" />
|-
| 2014 || $887 || $222.9 || (10%) || $365 || $730 || $3,622 ||$6,799 || 4.8% ||$552  || 327%|| ${{Round|{{#expr:887 - 230.3}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(887 - 230.3)/365}} |1}}  || 230.3||151.9<ref name=Profits2014>{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2015/news-release2015-02-12.html|title=407 International Reports 2014 Results}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2014">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=02307814&docId=3676663|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2014|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref>
|-
| 2015 || $980 || $311.2 || 39% || $336 || $750 || $4,372 ||$7,133 || 4.7% ||$336.7 || 241% || ${{Round|{{#expr:980 - 248.2}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(980 - 248.2)/336}} |1}}  || 248.2||162.2<ref name="Profits2016" /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2016" />
|-
| 2016 || $1,101.5 || $372.9 || 20% || $383 || $790 || $5,162 || $7,735 || 4.5% ||$570.8 || 211% || ${{Round|{{#expr:1101.5 - 254.6}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(1101.5 - 254.6)/383}} |1}}  || 254.6||149.7<ref name=Profits2016>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/407-international-reports-2016-results-613317063.html|title=407 International Reports 2016 Results}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2016">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=02582641&docId=4052413|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2016 and 2015|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref>
|-
| 2017 || $1,267.7 || $470.1 || 26% || $372 || $845 || $5,607 || $8,298 || 4.5% || $558 || 180% || ${{Round|{{#expr:1267.7 - 269.7}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(1267.7 - 269.7)/372}} |1}}  || 269.7||163.9<ref name="Revenue2018" /><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2018" /> f>
|-
| 2018 || $1,390.3 || $539.0 || 14% || $390 || $920 || $6,927 || $8,368 || 4.5% || ${{Round|{{#expr:500 - 433.9}} |0}} || 170% || ${{Round|{{#expr:1390.3 - 287}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(1390.3 - 287)/390}} |1}}  || 287 || 179.7<ref name="Revenue2018">{{Cite web |url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2019/news-release2019-02-07.html |title=407 International Reports 2018 Results |date=2019-02-07 |website=www.407etr.com |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2018">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=02872115&docId=4457655|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2018 and 2017|website=sedar.com|access-date=2019-09-07}}</ref>
|-
| 2019 || $1,505.3 || $575.7 || 7% || ${{Round|444.6|0}} || $1,050 || ${{Round|{{#expr:1050 + 6927}} |0}} || $8,913 || 4.4% || ${{Round|{{#expr:884.2 - 372.6}} |0}} || 182% || ${{Round|{{#expr:1505.3 - 301.7}} |0}} || {{Round|{{#expr:(1505.3 - 301.7)/444.6}} |1}} || 301.7 || 196.2<ref name="Revenue2019">{{Cite web |url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/news/news-release/2020/news-release2020-02-19.html |title=407 International Reports 2019 Results |date=2019-02-19 |website=www.407etr.com |access-date=2020-06-14}}</ref><ref name="AuditedFinStmt2019">{{Cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=03018843&docId=4667272|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2019 and 2018|website=sedar.com|access-date=2020-06-14}}</ref>
|-
| 2020 || $908.6 || $148.0 || (74%) || ${{Round|456.9|0}} || ${{Round|562.5|0}} || ${{Round|{{#expr:562.5 + 7977}} |0}} || $9,627 || 4.1% || $705.4 || 380% || $643 || 1.4 || 266.1 || 168.7 <ref>{{cite web |title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2020 |url=https://407etr.com/documents/major-financial-filings/74%20-%20Q4%202020%20-%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements%20-%20407%20International%20-%20December%2031%202020.pdf}}</ref>
|-
| 2021 || $1,023.1 || $212.4 || 44% || $470 || $600 || $9,140 || $9,681 || 4.1% || ($14.2) || 282% || $757 || 1.6 || 266.3 || 164.1 <ref name="AuditedFinStmt2021">{{cite web |url=https://www.sedar.com/GetFile.do?lang=EN&docClass=5&issuerNo=00012280&issuerType=03&projectNo=03339697&docId=5136619|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2021 and 2020 |website=sedar.com |access-date=13 April 2022}}</ref>
|-
| 2022 || $1,327.2 || $435.3 || 105% || $470 || $750 || $9,890 || $10,092 || 4.1% || $359.8 || 172% || $1,039 || 2.2 || 288.4 || 188.4 <ref name="Q4FinStmt2022">{{cite web |url=https://www.407etr.com/documents/major-financial-filings/Q4%20-%20Interim%20Condensed%20Consolidated%20Financial%20Statements.pdf|title=407 International Inc. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2022 |website=407etr.com |access-date=1 Jan 2024}}</ref>
|-
|2023<ref>{{Cite web |date=Dec 31, 2023 |title=407 INTERNATIONAL INC. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2023 |url=https://www.407etr.com/documents/major-financial-filings/Q4-InterimCondensedConsolidatedFinancialStatements.pdf |access-date=Mar 3, 2023}}</ref>
|$1,495.5
|$567.3
|30%
|$473
|$950
|$10,840
|$10,316
|
|$286
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|2024<ref name=cfs24>{{Cite web |date=Dec 31, 2024 |title=407 INTERNATIONAL INC. Consolidated Financial Statements Dec 31, 2024 |url=https://assets.ctfassets.net/oqdgumaqmw49/5bBsBoxygxeFHWBYKatmsN/7f1f530283a41ba3828e3d1691a01ebd/Q4_-_Interim_Condensed_Consolidated_Financial_Statements.pdf |access-date=Apr 14, 2025}}</ref>
|$1,705.2
|$692.2
|22%
|$463.7
|$1100
|$11,940
|$11,103
|
|$286
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| '''Total''' || '''$20,510''' || '''$4,938''' || || '''$7,971''' || '''$11,940''' || N/A||N/A ||N/A ||'''$11,103''' <ref name="cfs24" />|| '''{{Round|{{#expr:11940/4938*100}} |0}}%''' || N/A || N/A || N/A || N/A
|}

=== Market valuation ===
The highway's initial construction cost was pegged at $1.5 billion.<ref name="CBC_InitSale">{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/highway-407-sold-1.191438 |title=Highway 407 sold |date=1999-04-14 |work=CBC News |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref> The toll concession was sold for $3.1 billion.<ref name="CBC_InitSale" />

In 1998, [[Member of Provincial Parliament (Ontario)|MPP]] [[Doug Rollins|E. J. Douglas Rollins]] claimed that the province had as much as $104 billion invested in the highway.<ref name="100billion">{{cite report | title = Hansard Issue L047 | publisher = Legislative Assembly of Ontario | date = October 21, 1998 | section = Highway 407 Act, 1998 | url = http://hansardindex.ontla.on.ca/hansardeissue/36-2/l047.htm | access-date = August 25, 2014}}</ref>{{Dubious |reason=seems way to high; not sure what is said in legislature is actually accurate; can we find an additional source for this claim?|date=April 2019}}

On October 5, 2010, the Canada Pension Plan announced that an agreement had been reached with the highway's owners to purchase a 10% stake for $894&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news | title = CPP Investment Board to Buy 10% of 407 Toll Road for About $878 Million | first = Doug | last = Alexander | publisher = Bloomberg | date = October 5, 2010 | url = https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-10-05/cpp-investment-board-to-buy-10-of-407-toll-road-for-about-878-million.html | access-date = August 25, 2014}}</ref> This implied a value of close to $9 billion for the highway in its then-current state.

In April 2019, SNC-Lavalin Group Inc. announced the sale of a 10.01% share of the highway to the Ontario Municipal Employees Retirement System (OMERS) for $3.25 billion, implying a $32.5 billion valuation of the highway. After the sale, SNC-Lavalin would own only 6.76% of the highway.<ref name="Zochodne">{{cite news |last1=Zochodne |first1=Geoff |title=For whom the road tolls: Ontario's $32.5 billion highway highlights private asset boom |url=https://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/why-snc-lavalins-407-highway-sale-may-do-little-to-turn-around-its-fortunes?video_autoplay=true |access-date=9 April 2019 |work=[[Financial Post]] |date=9 April 2019}}</ref> In August 2019, a court approved the sale of SNC-Lavalin's 10% stake to CPPIB instead of to OMERS.<ref name="Owner2019-08" />

In March 2025, AtkinsRéalis sold their remaining 6.76% share for $2.79 billion, giving the entire highway a valuation of $41.27 billion.<ref name="2025 sale" />

== History ==

=== Planning and initial construction ===
Although the construction of Highway&nbsp;407 did not begin until 1987, planning for the bypass of Highway 401 north of Toronto began in the late 1950s. Concepts for the new "dual highway" first appeared in the 1959 plan for Metropolitan Toronto.<ref name="suburbs" /> Land adjacent to several [[hydro corridor]]s was acquired for the future freeway in the 1960s, but sat vacant as the Ontario Department of Highway (predecessor to the [[Ministry of Transportation of Ontario]] (MTO)) opted instead to widen Highway&nbsp;401 to a twelve-lane collector-express system. The Highway&nbsp;401 expansion project was considered a success and construction of Highway&nbsp;407 was shelved for almost thirty years. The plan was revisited in the mid-1980s as congestion in Toronto pushed roads beyond capacity. In 1986, [[Premier of Ontario|Premier]] [[David Peterson]] was given a helicopter tour of the city during rush-hour; construction of the highway was announced soon thereafter, and began in 1987.<ref name="suburbs" />

The Ontario government's normal process for highway construction was not desirable given the financial constraints of the recession of the early 1990s. The Rae government sought out private sector partnerships and acquired innovative electronic tolling technology. This met the interests of shippers for improved reliability for just-in-time deliveries such as parts for auto plants while simultaneously implementing the polluter pay principal. To address equity concerns, the NDP government announced a policy of only allowing tolls on roads where there was an alternative free route.

Two firms bid on the public-private project, with the '''Canadian Highways International Corporation''' being selected as the operator of the highway.<ref>
{{cite web
 | title      = The Highway 407 Hijack – How Ontario Became a Have Not Province Pt 5
 | publisher      = D, Salman
 | url      = http://prudentpress.com/politics/the-highway-407-hijack-how-ontario-became-a-have-not-province-pt-5/
 | access-date      = August 25, 2014
 | archive-date      = February 2, 2021
 | archive-url      = https://web.archive.org/web/20210202013827/http://prudentpress.com/politics/the-highway-407-hijack-how-ontario-became-a-have-not-province-pt-5/
 | url-status      = dead
}}</ref> This arrangement allowed for the construction to be accelerated, creating jobs during the recession. The PPP contracting also enabled design modifications that reduced construction costs while maintaining safety standards. Retrofitting toll booths into already designed and constructed interchanges threatened the viability of the plan. The innovative use of automated cameras to read license plates overcame this challenge, and along with transponders for regular users avoided driver delays and provided increased convenience. This resulted in the 407 becoming "the world's first all-electronic, barrier-free toll highway".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2009-12-04 |title=Don't like tolls on the 407? Well, boo-hoo |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/dont-like-tolls-on-the-407-well-boo-hoo/article4311490/ |access-date=2025-03-12 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref> 
Financing for the highway was to be paid by user tolls lasting 35 years, after which it would return to the provincial system as a toll-free 400-series highway.<ref name="eye">{{cite news
 | title      = Did Ontario Taxpayers Get Taken For a Ride on Highway 407?
 | first      = Jim
 | last       = Trautman
 | work       = Eye Weekly
 | url        = http://contests.eyeweekly.com/eye/issue/issue_05.11.00/news/407.php
 | date = May 11, 2010
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140809201044/http://contests.eyeweekly.com/eye/issue/issue_05.11.00/news/407.php
 | archive-date=August 9, 2014
 | access-date = January 31, 2015
}}</ref> The Rae government announced on March 31, 1995, that the corridor reserved for [[Ontario Highway 403|Highway&nbsp;403]] between Burlington and Oakville would instead be built as a western extension of Highway&nbsp;407.<ref name="407ext">
{{cite news
 | title      = Rae Announces 407 Extension
 | first      = Theresa
 | last       = Boyle
 | work       = The Toronto Star
 | date       = April 1, 1995
 | department = News
 | page       = A12
 | quote      = Rae also announced yesterday that the province will ask for private-sector proposals to design and construct the Burlington–Oakville link of Highway 403 as part of Highway 407.
}}</ref>

The first segment of Highway&nbsp;407, between [[Ontario Highway 410|Highway&nbsp;410]] and [[Ontario Highway 404|Highway&nbsp;404]], was ceremonially opened to traffic on June 7, 1997; no tolls were charged for a month to allow motorists to test-drive the freeway.<ref name="opened" /> Several other sections were well underway at this point. A {{convert|13|km|adj=on}} extension westwards to Highway&nbsp;401 was opened just months later on December 13, 1997.<ref>
{{cite news
 | title   = Highway 407 Extends to West
 | first   = Bob
 | last    = Mitchell
 | work    = The Toronto Star
 | date    = December 13, 1997
 | department = News
 | page    = A5
 | quote   = Highway 407's 13 kilometre western extension opens today from Highway 410 in Brampton to Highway 401 in Mississauga.
}}</ref>
That section was connected with Highway&nbsp;403 to the south on September 4, 1998,<ref name="dates" />
with a temporary two lane ramp connecting to Trafalgar Road.<ref>{{cite map
 |title        = Ontario Road Map
 |cartography  = Cartography Section
 |publisher    = Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
 |year         = 1990–91
 |section      = K8
 |url          = http://ao.minisisinc.com/FS_IMAGES/I0050591.jpg
 |access-date  = November 20, 2021
 |via          = Archives of Ontario
 |archive-date = May 22, 2022
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20220522014544/http://ao.minisisinc.com/FS_IMAGES/I0050591.jpg
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>
In the east, an extension to Markham Road, at what was then the southern terminus of [[Ontario Highway 48|Highway&nbsp;48]], was completed in early 1998. However, due to the protest of local residents and officials concerning traffic spill-off (a scenario revisited with the extension to Oshawa<ref name="oshawaprotest">{{cite web
 |title        = "Crippling Impacts" for 407 Phase-in
 |first        = Katie
 |last         = Richard
 |publisher    = Dowellman Publishing Corp
 |work         = The Oshawa Express
 |url          = http://www.oshawaexpress.ca/viewposting.php?view=460
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |archive-date = August 26, 2014
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114738/http://www.oshawaexpress.ca/viewposting.php?view=460
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>), the freeway was opened only as far as McCowan Road on February 18.<ref name="markhamprotest">
{{cite news
 | title   = Highway 407 Grows a Controversial 7 Kilometres
 | first1  = Bob
 | last1   = Mitchell
 | first2  = Nicholas
 | last2   = Keung
 | work    = The Toronto Star
 | date    = February 18, 1998
 | department = Greater Toronto
 | page    = B1, B3
 | quote   = Highway 407 grows again today with the opening of a controversial seven-kilometre stretch from Highway 404 to McCowan Road. As of 2:30 p.m., motorists will be able to travel Canada's first tollway from Highway 401 on the Mississauga/Milton border to McCowan Rd. in Markham.
}}</ref>
The short segment from McCowan Road to Markham Road remained closed for over a year, as locals feared the funneling of traffic onto Main Street, which is named Markham Road south of the freeway. Both Markham and McCowan were widened to four lanes between Highway&nbsp;407 and Steeles Avenue at this time. This did not alleviate concerns, but on June 24, 1999, the extension opened to continued protest regardless.<ref>
{{cite news
 | title   = Highway Bypass Put on Fast Track
 | first   = Gail
 | last    = Swainson
 | work    = The Toronto Star
 | date    = June 28, 1999<!-- Monday; extension thus opened on June 24 -->
 | department = Greater Toronto
 | page    = B5
 | quote   = The eastern section of Highway 407, running from McCowan Rd. to Markham Rd., opened Thursday to howls of protest from Markham residents.
}}</ref>

In 2000, the 407 consortium had planned to extend the four lane highway by 16 kilometres eastward from Markham to Brock Road in Pickering by the end of the following year.<ref>[https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/coalition-protests-hwy-407-extension/article4161287/ Coalition protests Hwy. 407 extension], "[[The Globe and Mail]]", March 7, 2000</ref>

The 16-kilometre segment of Highway 407 from Markham to Brock Road in Pickering opened on August 24, 2001.<ref>[https://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/407/ 407 Express Toll Route (ETR), Ontario], "roadtraffic-technology.com"</ref>

=== Privatization and original extensions ===
{{Infobox company
| name = 407 International Inc. / <br />407 ETR Concession Company Ltd.
| logo =
| logo_size =
| logo_alt =
| logo_caption =
| logo_padding =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = <!-- Use ISO 639-1 code, e.g. "fr" for French. For multiple names in different languages, use {{lang|[code]|[name]}}. -->
| former_name =
| type =
| industry =
| founded = <!-- if known: {{start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} in [[city]], [[state]], [[country]] -->
| founder = <!-- or: | founders = -->
| hq_location =
| hq_location_city = [[Vaughan, Ontario|Vaughan]], [[Ontario]]
| hq_location_country = [[Canada]]
| area_served = <!-- or: | areas_served = -->
| key_people =
| products =
| brands =
| services =
| owners = {{plainlist|
* [[CPP Investment Board]] (51.71%)
* {{nowrap| [[Cintra]] (48.29%)}}}}
| ratio = <!-- for BANKS ONLY -->
| rating = <!-- for BANKS ONLY -->
| website = <!-- or: | homepage = --><!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
}}

When [[Mike Harris]] was elected Premier in 1995 on his platform of the [[Common Sense Revolution]], the Ontario government faced an $11&nbsp;billion annual deficit and a $100&nbsp;billion debt. Seeking to balance the books, a number of publicly owned services were privatized over the following years. Although initially spared, Highway&nbsp;407 was privatized quickly in the year leading up to the 1999 provincial elections. It was leased to a conglomerate of private companies for $3.1 billion. The Ontario-based corporation, known as '''407&nbsp;International Inc.''', was initially owned by the [[Spain|Spanish]] multinational [[Ferrovial]] through its subsidiary [[Cintra|Cintra Infraestructuras]] (61.3%), the Montreal-based engineering firm [[SNC-Lavalin]] (22.6%), and [[Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec|CDP Capital]] (16.1%).<ref name="infrastructureinvestor.com">
{{cite web
 |title       = Ontario Province 'to own' highway 407 extension
 |date = January 16, 2013
 |publisher   = Infrastructure Investor
 |url         = https://www.infrastructureinvestor.com/ontario-province-to-own-highway-407-extension/
 |access-date  = Jan 5, 2024
 |url-status     = live
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20240105172139/https://www.infrastructureinvestor.com/ontario-province-to-own-highway-407-extension/
 |archive-date = Jan 5, 2024
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref> The 99-year lease agreement granted the consortium unlimited control over the highway and its tolls, dependent on traffic volume; however, the government maintains the right to build a transport system within the highway right-of-way.<ref name="eye" /> The highway has since been described as a "value generating monster" and "cash cow" for SNC-Lavalin<ref name="45B in a decade" /> and one of the "worst financial missteps" by any government in Ontario's history.<ref name="YahooFinance 2019">{{cite news |last1=Siekierska |first1=Alicja |title=Worst deal ever? The 407 is worth $30B today – Ontario sold it for $3.1B in 1999 |url=https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/worst-deal-ever-the-407-is-worth-30-b-today-ontario-sold-it-for-31-b-in-1998-181642680.html |access-date=27 June 2019 |work=ca.finance.yahoo.com |date=5 April 2019 |language=en-CA}}</ref><ref name="TorStar McQuaig 2019">{{cite news |last1=McQuaig |first1=Linda |title=Doug Ford should cancel Highway 407 contract {{!}} The Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/opinion/contributors/2019/06/05/doug-ford-should-cancel-highway-407-contract.html |access-date=27 June 2019 |work=thestar.com |date=5 June 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

When purchased, the highway travelled from the junction of Highway&nbsp;403 in Mississauga to Markham Road in Markham. Extensions westward to [[Queen Elizabeth Way|the QEW]] and eastward to Highway&nbsp;7 and Brock Road in Pickering were constructed by the corporation, as mandated in the lease agreement.<ref name="407etr.com">
{{cite web
 |title       = History
 |publisher   = 407 ETR
 |url         = http://www.407etr.com/about/background-information1.html
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20140730013427/http://www.407etr.com/about/background-information1.html
 |archive-date = July 30, 2014
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref> The western extension, from Highway&nbsp;403 southwest to the QEW, was not part of the original Highway&nbsp;407 concept in 1987; rather, the corridor was originally intended to connect the Hamilton and Mississauga sections of Highway&nbsp;403. Highway&nbsp;407 was originally slated to assume the temporary routing for Highway&nbsp;403 along the Mississauga-Oakville boundary to end at the QEW. However, the Bob Rae led Ontario government altered these plans in 1995,<ref name="407ext" /> and the corporation constructed this section quickly upon obtaining the lease. Sections opened throughout the middle of 2001: between Neyagawa Boulevard and Highway&nbsp;403 on June 17; between Bronte Road and Neyagawa Boulevard on June 29; between Dundas Street and Bronte Road on July 18; and between the Freeman Interchange and Dundas Street on July 30. In the east, a final extension between Markham Road and Highway&nbsp;7 opened a month later on August 30.<ref name="dates" />

=== Highway 407 East project ===
{{See also|Ontario Highway 412|Ontario Highway 418}}
[[File:Highway-407-extensions.png|thumb|Routing of the 407 East project, including two north–south connector freeways in [[Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario|Durham Region]], as part of the eastern extension.|alt=|left]][[File:ON 407E extension.jpg|thumb|ON&nbsp;407's extension in June 2016, before its opening.]]
A provincially operated {{convert|65|km|mi|adj=on}} long extension to the 407&nbsp;ETR, known as Highway&nbsp;407 East (or 407E) during planning, began construction in 2012, with the project undertaken in two separate phases. Phase&nbsp;1 was opened on June 20, 2016, consisting of a {{convert|22|km|mi|adj=on}} extension to Harmony Road in Oshawa, as well as the {{convert|10|km|mi|adj=on}} Highway&nbsp;412.<ref name="phase1" /> The extension was free of tolls until February 1, 2017.<ref>
{{cite web
 | url        = https://toronto.citynews.ca/2016/06/20/highway-407-extension-opens-in-durham-region/
 | title      = Highway 407 extension opens in Durham Region
 | date       = June 20, 2016
 | publisher  = 680 News Toronto
}}</ref> Phase&nbsp;2A, which opened on January 2, 2018, added a {{convert|9.6|km|mi|adj=on}} extension to Taunton Road at the future Highway&nbsp;418 interchange.<ref name="phase2a" /> Phase&nbsp;2B, which opened on December 9, 2019, added a {{convert|23.3|km|mi|adj=on}} extension to Highway&nbsp;35 and Highway&nbsp;115, as well as the {{convert|12.8|km|mi|adj=on}} Highway&nbsp;418.<ref name="phase2b" />

An [[environmental assessment]] (EA) to analyze the proposed extension was undertaken in the early 2000s. The assessment also included studies of the two north–south connectors. A preferred route was announced in June 2007,<ref>
{{cite report
 | title       = Highway 407 East Technically Recommended Route
 | publisher   = 407 East
 | url         = http://www.407eastea.com/downloads/TRR0.pdf
 | access-date  = December 10, 2014
 | archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080509234227/http://www.407eastea.com/downloads/TRR0.pdf
 | archive-date = May 9, 2008
}}</ref> and the EA was completed in June 2009. On March 6, 2007, as part of the FLOW initiative, the Government of Canada and the Province of Ontario confirmed the extension of the 407 to Highway&nbsp;35 and Highway&nbsp;115 in Clarington, including the connector highways, with an announced completion date of 2013.<ref name="FLOW">
{{cite news
 |title       = Canada's New Government Announces Investment to Cut Commute Times, Clear the Air and Drive the Economy in the Greater Toronto Area
 |publisher   = Prime Minister of Canada
 |date        = March 6, 2007
 |url         = http://www.pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?category=1&id=1557
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100227124959/http://www.pm.gc.ca/eng/media.asp?category=1&id=1557
 |archive-date = February 27, 2010
 |df          = mdy-all
}}</ref>
On January 27, 2009, the provincial government announced that the extension would be a tolled highway but owned by the province and with tolls set by the province. The announcement also indicated that the province expected to issue a Request for Proposals later in the year.<ref name="TOLL">
{{cite news
 | title      = Province To Own Highway 407 Extension
 | author     = Ministry of Transportation of Ontario
 | publisher  = CNW Group
 | date       = January 27, 2009
 | url        = http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/January2009/27/c3040.html
 | access-date = August 25, 2014
}}</ref>
The contract, which is valued at $1.6&nbsp;billion and includes construction and operation of the highway, was eventually awarded to the same consortium that owns 407&nbsp;ETR.<ref name="etrext">
{{cite news
 | title      = Spanish Firm Behind 407 ETR Will Help Manage $1B Eastern Extension of the Toll Road
 | first      = Jayme
 | last       = Poisson
 | work       = The Toronto Star
 | date       = May 23, 2012
 | url        = https://www.thestar.com/news/city_hall/2012/05/23/spanish_firm_behind_407_etr_will_help_manage_1b_eastern_extension_of_the_toll_road.html
 | access-date = August 27, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
 | title      = McGuinty Announces $1B Extension of Highway 407
 | author     = The Canadian Press
 | publisher  = CP24
 | date       = May 24, 2012
 | url        = http://www.cp24.com/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20120524/120524_highway_extension/20120524/?hub=CP24Home
 | access-date = August 25, 2014
}}</ref>

[[File:Highway 7 over future 407 panorama.png|thumb|A bridge under construction along Highway&nbsp;7 west of Brooklin in 2012; this was the first project along the new extension.|alt=]]
On June 9, 2010, the MTO approved the extension as far east as Simcoe Street in Oshawa, announcing plans to phase construction of the extension. Local residents and politicians rejected the plan, as had happened with the section between McCowan Road and Markham Road.<ref name="oshawaprotest" /><ref name="markhamprotest" /> A motion was proposed in the Ontario Legislature to build the full extension in one project, but failed to pass. Instead, a compromise was issued on March 10, 2011: the first phase would extend Highway&nbsp;407 to Harmony Road in Oshawa by 2015, including Highway&nbsp;412; the second phase would then complete the extension to Highway&nbsp;35&nbsp;/ 115 by 2020, including Highway&nbsp;418.<ref>
{{cite news
 | title      = Liberals to Extend Highway 407
 | publisher  = Metroland Media
 | work       = Oshawa This Week
 | date       = March 10, 2011
 | url        = http://www.durhamregion.com/news-story/3515128-liberals-to-extend-highway-407/
 | access-date = August 25, 2014}}</ref> This timeline was confirmed by Premier [[Dalton McGuinty]] on May 24, 2012,<ref name="407etimeline">{{cite news
 |title        = Eastward Extension of Highway 407 Coming, Tolls Will Be 'Reasonable'
 |author       = The Canadian Press
 |work         = Hamilton Spectator
 |date         = May 24, 2012
 |url          = http://www.thespec.com/news/ontario/article/730711--eastward-extension-of-highway-407-coming-tolls-will-be-reasonable
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |archive-date = August 14, 2016
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160814141601/http://www.thespec.com/news/ontario/article/730711--eastward-extension-of-highway-407-coming-tolls-will-be-reasonable
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref> and construction began in the first quarter of 2013.<ref>{{cite news
 |title        = Hwy 407's Path of Construction
 |first        = Geoff
 |last         = Zochodne
 |publisher    = White Digital Media Group
 |work         = The Oshawa Express
 |date         = July 24, 2013
 |url          = http://www.407eastphase1.ca/wp-content/uploads/Hwy407PathofConstruction-OshawaExpress.pdf
 |access-date  = August 25, 2014
 |archive-date = March 3, 2016
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224322/http://www.407eastphase1.ca/wp-content/uploads/Hwy407PathofConstruction-OshawaExpress.pdf
 |url-status   = dead
}}</ref>

In early December 2015, it was announced that contractor delays would push the opening of the first phase from December 18 to the spring of 2016.<ref>
{{cite news
 | title      = Opening of Hwy. 407 expansion through Oshawa delayed until 2016
 | first      = Keith
 | last       = Gilligan
 | publisher  = Metroland Media
 | work       = Oshawa This Week
 | date       = December 4, 2015
 | url        = http://www.durhamregion.com/news-story/6159460-opening-of-hwy-407-expansion-through-oshawa-delayed-until-2016/
 | access-date = December 17, 2015
}}</ref>
The extension did not open until the morning of June 20, 2016, in the last hours of Spring 2016.<ref name="phase1" />

On December 9, 2019, the final portion of the 407 East Extension, as well as [[Ontario Highway 418]], both opened to traffic, marking the end of the 407 East project. The final portion was originally projected to be completed in 2020. Unlike when the extension originally opened, tolling started immediately on the final portion. The highway now extends east to [[Ontario Highway 115]], providing more options for people living in and around [[Peterborough, Ontario|Peterborough]] to get into Toronto and the western part of the Greater Toronto Area.<ref>
{{Cite web|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/6263439/hwy-407-extension-peterborough-open/|title=Final phase of Hwy. 407 extension near Peterborough to open 'ahead of schedule'|website=Global News|language=en|access-date=2020-01-21
}}</ref><ref>
{{Cite web|url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/12/09/highway-407-peterborough/|title=Final stretch of Hwy. 407, Hwy. 418 open Monday|website=toronto.citynews.ca|date=December 9, 2019 |access-date=2020-01-21
}}</ref>

=== Since completion ===
Between 2018 and 2019, Highway 407 was widened between Markham Road and Brock Road. The first project, widening the highway to 6 lanes between York-Durham Line and Brock Road, began in Spring 2018 and was completed in August 2018.<ref>
{{Cite web|url=https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/highway/construction-update.html|title=Construction {{!}} 407 ETR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129200128/https://www.407etr.com/en/highway/highway/construction-update.html|archive-date= 29 January 2019|last=www.407etr.com|website=www.407etr.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-02
}}</ref> The second project, which widened the highway to 8 lanes between Markham Road and York-Durham Line, was completed in September 2019.<ref name="ydl2019">
{{cite news |author1=Newswire |title=407 ETR opens new lane between Markham Road and York-Durham Line |url=https://www.rocktoroad.com/407-etr-opens-new-lane-between-markham-road-and-york-durham-line-6585/ |access-date=14 January 2020 |work=Rock to Road |publisher=Annex Business Media |date=25 September 2019
}}</ref>

In the [[Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario]]'s 2025 re-election campaign, Premier [[Doug Ford]] stated that a re-elected Progressive Conservative government would remove tolls from the provincially-owned portion of the highway.<ref>{{Cite web |last=D'Cunha |first=Patricia |date=2025-02-05 |title=Ford proposes toll removal on Hwy. 407 East, making gas tax cut permanent |url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2025/02/05/highway-407-tolls-gas-tax-cut-ford-ontario-election/ |access-date=2025-02-06 |website=CityNews Toronto |language=en}}</ref> Tolls were subsequently removed on June&nbsp;1, 2025, as part of the spring budget.<ref>[https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/large-stretch-of-highway-407-will-be-toll-free-starting-sunday-what-you-need-to/article_4331ab83-e2b7-45c0-9317-c4657944475e.html "Large stretch of Highway 407 will be toll free starting Sunday. What you need to know", Toronto Star]</ref>

There are currently plans for multiple new interchanges, as well as reconstruction of the ramps with route 401 to serve route 413.{{cn|date=June 2025}} The government of Ontario is also considering widening of the toll-free section, Hwy. 407 East.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ford considers widening ‘jammed up’ Hwy. 407 East weeks after tolls were removed {{!}} Globalnews.ca |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/11334822/doug-ford-highway-407-east-jammed-up/ |access-date=2025-08-15 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
[[File:Ontario-403East to 407ETR-QEW.jpg|thumb|left|Signage on eastbound Highway 403 in Burlington approaching the Freeman Interchange, where motorists wanting to take 407 ETR must exit to the left. This can potentially cause problems for drivers, such as weaving across traffic to avoid exiting and being billed for accidentally driving on the highway.]]
Highway 407 ETR has been the subject of several controversies over its two decades of existence.

=== Privatization ===
The privatization of the road, the toll rate increases, and the 99-year lease period have been widely criticized.<ref name="SportAndPrey">
{{cite book | author = Linda McQuaig | title = The Sport and Prey of Capitalists: How the Rich Are Stealing Canada's Public Wealth | publisher = [[Dundurn Press]] | location = Toronto | year = 2019 | isbn = 978-1-45974-366-3 | author-link = Linda McQuaig
}}</ref>{{rp|Chapter 2}}
* The original plan was for the tolls to end after the construction cost was paid off, probably after about 35 years; there is no indication that the private owners will eliminate the tolls.<ref name="Payoff Period">{{cite web |title=Highway 407 Revisited – smart tollroad extension |url=https://www.worldhighways.com/sections/key-projects/features/highway-407-revisited-smart-tollroad-extension/ |access-date=3 October 2019 |archive-date=October 10, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010194430/https://www.worldhighways.com/sections/key-projects/features/highway-407-revisited-smart-tollroad-extension/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Although [[Mike Harris|Premier Mike Harris]] promised that tolls would not rise by more than 30 percent, they have risen by over 200 percent by 2015, from about 10 cents to over 30 cents per kilometre.<ref name = "PC Blunder" />
* There have been criticisms and lawsuits arising from [[#Plate denial|plate denial]] issues.
* Another criticism is that taxpayers did not receive a fair price for the highway: In 2002, just three years after the original sale for C$3.1 billion, [[Atlas Arteria|Macquarie Infrastructure Group]], an Australian investment firm, estimated that the highway was worth four times the original price.<ref name="Estimate 2002">
{{cite news |last=Smith |first=Graeme |title=Bank values Highway 407 at four times the sale price
 |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/bank-values-highway-407-at-four-times-the-sale-price-graeme-smith/article1020754/ |date=9 January 2002 |work=theglobeandmail.com |access-date=3 October 2019 |language=en
}}</ref> By 2019, the estimated value had risen to C$30 billion.<ref name="YahooFinance 2019" /><ref name="Zochodne" />

* Both the length of the lease agreement and the fact that the road is controlled by private corporations mean that decisions about the road and the tolls are made with less accountability to the public.<ref name="SportAndPrey" />{{rp|Chapter 2}} The Harris government failed to put any restrictions on toll increases (as long as the road attracted a certain volume of cars). As a result, commuters in the densely populated GTA will have no protection against rising tolls on the highway for the entire 99-year term of the lease.<ref name="SportAndPrey" />{{rp|pp. 53–57}}

=== Safety concerns and PEO report ===
Cost-saving measures and ensuing safety concerns resulted in an independent [[Ontario Provincial Police]] investigation shortly before the opening of the freeway.<ref name="safety">
{{cite news  | title = 407 Builders Scrimped on Safety: Report | first = Mary | last = Gooderham | work = The Globe & Mail | date = April 5, 1997 | page = A8
}}</ref> An expert panel of [[Civil engineering|engineers]], assembled by the [[Professional Engineers Ontario]], released a report outlining concerns regarding the decreased loop ramp radii and the lack of protective guardrails along sharp curves, in addition to the lack of a concrete median barrier to separate the two travel directions. However, it was also argued that the large grass median was sufficient to prevent crossover collisions, given that Highway&nbsp;410 has a similar median.<ref name="safety" /><ref name="PEO">{{Cite report |url=http://www.peo.on.ca/index.php/ci_id/26291/la_id/1.htm |title=Report of the Highway 407 Safety Review Committee |last=Robinson |display-authors=etal |first=John |date=1997-03-25 |access-date=2019-04-09 |archive-date=June 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190625080415/http://www.peo.on.ca/index.php/ci_id/26291/la_id/1.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Toll rate approval ===
The Ontario provincial government has quarrelled with 407&nbsp;ETR over toll rates and customer service but is largely tied down by the lease contract. On February 2, 2004, the government notified 407&nbsp;ETR that it was considered to be in default of the contract because of 407&nbsp;ETR's decision to raise toll rates without first obtaining provincial clearance. The court's initial decision sided with 407&nbsp;ETR: on July 10, 2004, an independent arbitrator affirmed that 407&nbsp;ETR has the power to raise toll rates without first consulting the government. The government filed an appeal of this decision but was overruled by an [[Ontario Superior Court of Justice|Ontario Superior Court]] decision released on January 6, 2005; however, a subsequent ruling by the Ontario Court of Appeal on June 13, 2005, granted the government permission to appeal the decision.<ref>
{{cite news
 | title      = Court Grants Leave to Appeal Ruling Regarding Tolls
 | publisher  = 407 ETR
 | date       = June 13, 2005
 | url        = http://www.durhamregion.com/news-story/3515128-liberals-to-extend-highway-407/
 | access-date = August 27, 2014
}}</ref>

Around the same time, the government also faced off against 407&nbsp;ETR in court regarding [[#Plate denial|plate denial]].<ref name="platedenial" />

Members of the public have accused the 407 ETR of predatory billing practices, including false billing and continued plate denial after bankruptcy.<ref name="etrext" /><ref>{{cite news | title = Drivers Fight 407 ETR's Right to Collect Toll Debts After Bankruptcy | first = Kate | last = Allen | work = The Toronto Star | date = May 16, 2012 | url = https://www.thestar.com/news/crime/2012/05/16/drivers_fight_407_etrs_right_to_collect_toll_debts_after_bankruptcy.html | access-date = August 27, 2014}}</ref> In 2016, after a four-year legal battle, consumers won an $8 million class action lawsuit.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3046671/highway-407-to-pay-consumers-lawyers-8m-in-class-action-lawsuit-settlement/ |title=Highway 407 to pay consumers, lawyers $8M in class action lawsuit settlement |last=O’Shea |first=Sean |date=2016-11-04 |work=Global News |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref>

=== Comparative toll rates ===
The 407 ETR and [[Cobequid Pass|Cobequid Pass Toll Highway]] (Trans Canada Highway in Nova Scotia) are the only two toll highways (not counting toll bridges on highways) in Canada.<ref name="TollCompare_Star">{{Cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2012/01/31/think_highway_407_tolls_are_bad_trying_driving_in_orange_county_california.html |title=Think Highway 407 tolls are bad? Trying driving in Orange County, California |last=Hauch |first=Valerie |date=2012-01-31 |work=The Toronto Star |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref>

Some other toll rates are:
* [[Interstate 190 (New York)|New York State Niagara Thruway]], exit 1 to exit 20B, approx. 30&nbsp;km, US$1 cash, about C$1.33, or about $0.044 per km (2019)<ref>
{{Cite web |url=https://wwwapps.thruway.ny.gov/tollcalculator/index.aspx?Class=1&Entry=ns01x&Exit=ns20b |title=Toll and Distance Calculator |date=2019-04-09 |website=New York State Thruway Authority |access-date=2019-04-09
}}</ref>
* Cobequid Pass Toll Highway in [[Nova Scotia]], flat rate $4 cash, for approximately 25&nbsp;km of highway, or about $0.16 per km (2019)<ref>
{{Cite web|url=https://www.cobequidpass.com/COB/About/TollsAndFees.aspx|title=Tolls & Fees|website=www.cobequidpass.com|access-date=2019-12-28
}}</ref>
* [[Interstate 90 in Illinois|Chicago Skyway]] $0.28 per km (2012)<ref name="TollCompare_Star" />
* [[Fort Bend Parkway|Fort Bend Parkway Toll Road in Texas]] $0.13 per km (2012)<ref name="TollCompare_Star" />
* [[Interstate 25 in Colorado|I-25 HOV Express Lanes in Colorado]]  $0.357 per km (2012)<ref name="TollCompare_Star" />

== Future ==
{{See also|407 Transitway}}

The [[planned community]] of [[Seaton, Ontario|Seaton]] in north Pickering is currently under development with the release of development lands in Durham north of the Gatineau Hydro Corridor and west of Brock Road. This development originally included the proposed [[Pickering Airport]], which was slated for construction in 2020 after decades of delays; however, in January 2025 the Federal Government officially cancelled all plans for the Pickering Airport.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/after-decades-in-limbo-land-for-possible-pickering-airport-will-go-to-parks-canada-minister-1.7442457|title=After decades in limbo, land for possible Pickering airport will go to Parks Canada: minister|last=Ormstead|first=Jordan|agency=[[The Canadian Press]]|publisher=[[CBC News]]|date=27 January 2025|access-date=27 January 2025}}</ref> Interchanges with future extensions of Rossland Road (at the current North Road overpass, near [[Whitevale, Ontario|Whitevale]]) and Whites Road (currently Sideline 26) will be built as part of the large road network planned for the development.<ref name="seaton" />
{{Clear}}

== Exit list ==
{{ONinttop|exit|unnum=no|maint=407 ETR Concession Company Limited |length_ref=<ref name="length" />}}
{{ONint
 | type             = incomplete
 | division         = Halton
 | dspan            = 8
 | location         = Burlington
 | lspan            = 5
 | km               = 0.0
 | km2              = 1.1
 | uspan            = 3
 | exit             = —
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|403|dir=west|city=Hamilton|city2=Brantford}}
 | notes            = {{Jcon|Toll|407ETR|nolink=yes|shield=yes|dir=western terminus}}; Highway&nbsp;403 exit&nbsp;80; westbound exit and eastbound entrance
}}
{{ONint
 | type             = incomplete
 | km               = none
 | exit             = 1
 | espan            = 2
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|QEW|city=Niagara-on-the-Lake}}
 | notes            = Toronto-bound exit and Fort Erie-bound entrance; QEW exit&nbsp;100
}}
{{ONint
 | type             = incomplete
 | km               = none
 | road             = Fairview Street, Plains Road
 | notes            = Westbound exit and eastbound entrance; Toronto-bound exit and Fort Erie-bound entrance from Queen Elizabeth Way; eastbound exit and westbound entrance from Highway&nbsp;403
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 6.0
 | exit             = 5
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|5|[[Dundas Street]]}}
 | notes            = Formerly {{jcon|Hwy|5|nosh=yes}}
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 9.9
 | exit             = 9
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|20|Appleby Line}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | location         = Oakville
 | lspan            = 3
 | km               = 14.0
 | exit             = 13
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|25|Bronte Road|town=Oakville|city2=Milton|sign=hospital}}
 | notes            = Formerly {{jcon|Hwy|25|nosh=yes}}; to [[Oakville Trafalgar Memorial Hospital]]
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 18.9
 | exit             = 18
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|4|Neyagawa Boulevard}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 22.2
 | exit             = 21
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|3|Trafalgar Road|town=Oakville|city2=Halton Hills}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | division_special = [[Regional Municipality of Halton|Halton]]–[[Regional Municipality of Peel|Peel]] boundary
 | dspan            = 5
 | location_special = [[Milton, Ontario|Milton]]–[[Mississauga]] boundary
 | lspan            = 3
 | km               = 24.8
 | exit             = 24
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|403|city=Hamilton|city2=Toronto}}
 | notes            = Highway&nbsp;403 exit&nbsp;109
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 28.8
 | exit             = 28
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|6|dir=west|contype=Peel|con=3|condir=east|Britannia Road|fulltext=y}}
 | notes            =  
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 31.9
 | exit             = 31
 | road             = {{jcon|Halton|7|dir=west|contype=Peel|con=5|condir=east|Derry Road|fulltext=y}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | location_special = [[Milton, Ontario|Milton]]–[[Mississauga]]–[[Halton Hills]] [[tripoint]]
 | lspan            = 2
 | type             = incomplete
 | km               = 33.9
 | km2              = 35.8
 | uspan            = 2
 | exit             = 34
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|401|city=Toronto|city2=London}}
 | notes            = Signed as exits 34A (east) and 34B (west) eastbound; no access from westbound Highway&nbsp;407 to eastbound Highway&nbsp;401 or westbound Highway&nbsp;401 to eastbound Highway&nbsp;407; Highway&nbsp;401 exit&nbsp;330
}}
{{ONint
 | type             = unbuilt
 | km               = none
 | exit             = &nbsp;
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|413}}
 | notes            = Possible interchange location for proposed freeway; connection to be incorporated into the Highway 401 interchange complex.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.gta-west.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/AECOM-Bulletin-AUG-07-2020-Final-web.pdf |title= Preferred Route Announcement |publisher=Aecom |access-date= April 8, 2022}}</ref>
}}
{{ONint
 | division         = Peel
 | dspan            = 8
 | location_special = [[Brampton]]–[[Mississauga]] boundary
 | km               = 39.7
 | exit             = 39
 | road             = {{jcon|Peel|1|Mississauga Road}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | location_special = [[Brampton]]
 | lspan            = 7
 | km               = 42.9
 | exit             = 42
 | road             = {{jcon|Peel|18|Mavis Road}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 45.2
 | exit             = 44
 | road             = [[Hurontario Street]]
 | notes            = Formerly {{jcon|Hwy|10|nosh=yes}}
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 47.3
 | exit             = 46
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|410}}
 | notes            = Highway&nbsp;410 exit&nbsp;5
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 49.6
 | exit             = 48
 | road             = {{jcon|Peel|4|[[Dixie Road (Peel Region)|Dixie Road]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 51.1
 | exit             = 50
 | road             = Bramalea Road
 | notes            = Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
 | type=incomplete
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 54.2
 | exit             = 53
 | road             = {{jcon|Peel|7|[[Airport Road (Ontario)|Airport Road]]}}
 | notes             = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 55.7
 | exit             = 54
 | road             = Goreway Drive
 | notes            = Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
 | type=incomplete
}}
{{ONint
 | division         = York
 | dspan            = 20
 | location_special = [[Vaughan]]
 | lspan            = 9
 | km               = 58.9
 | exit             = 58
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|427|sign=airport}}
 | notes            = Highway&nbsp;427 exit&nbsp;19; to [[Pearson International Airport]]
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 60.2
 | exit             = 59
 | road             = {{jcon|York|27|Highway 27}}
 | notes            = Formerly {{Jcon|Hwy|27|nosh=yes|fulltext=y}}
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 64.2
 | exit             = 63
 | road             = {{jcon|York|57|Pine Valley Drive}}
 | notes            = Changeable message sign eastbound prior to overpass
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 66.4
 | exit             = 65
 | road             = {{jcon|York|56|[[Weston Road]]}}
 | notes            = Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
 | type=incomplete
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 67.1
 | exit             = 66
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|400|city=Toronto|city2=Barrie}}
 | notes            = No access to {{jcon|York|7|[[Ontario Highway 7|Highway&nbsp;7]]|nosh=yes}} or {{jcon|York|72|Langstaff Road|nosh=yes}} via Highway&nbsp;400; Highway&nbsp;400 exits&nbsp;26 (northbound) and 28 (southbound)
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 68.3
 | exit             = 67
 | road             = {{jcon|York|55|[[Jane Street (Toronto)|Jane Street]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 70.5
 | exit             = 69
 | road             = {{jcon|York|6|[[Keele Street]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 74.0
 | exit             = 73
 | road             = {{jcon|York|53|[[Dufferin Street]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 76.2
 | exit             = 75
 | road             = {{jcon|York|38|[[Bathurst Street (Toronto)|Bathurst Street]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | location_special = [[Richmond Hill, Ontario|Richmond Hill]]–[[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]–[[Vaughan]] tripoint
 | km               = 78.4
 | exit             = 77
 | road             = {{jcon|York|1|[[Yonge Street]]}}
 | notes            = Formerly {{jcon|Hwy|11|nosh=yes}}
}}
{{ONint
 | location         = Markham
 | lspan            = 10
 | km               = 80.3
 | exit             = 79
 | road             = {{jcon|York|34|[[Bayview Avenue]]}}
 | notes            = Changeable message sign eastbound prior to overpass
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 82.4
 | exit             = 81
 | road             = {{jcon|York|12|[[Leslie Street]]}}
 | notes            = Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
 | type=incomplete
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 83.4
 | exit             = 83
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|404|city=Toronto|city2=Newmarket}}
 | notes            = No access to {{jcon|York|7|[[Ontario Highway 7|Highway&nbsp;7]]|nosh=yes}} via Highway&nbsp;404; Highway&nbsp;404 exit&nbsp;26
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 84.4
 | exit             = 84
 | road             = {{jcon|York|8|[[Woodbine Avenue]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 86.5
 | exit             = 86
 | road             = {{jcon|York|65|[[Warden Avenue]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 88.4
 | exit             = 88
 | road             = {{jcon|York|3|[[Kennedy Road (Toronto)|Kennedy Road]]}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 90.5
 | exit             = 90
 | road             = {{jcon|York|67|[[McCowan Road]]}}
 |
 | notes            =  
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 92.6
 | exit             = 92
 | road             = {{jcon|York|68|[[Markham Road]]}}
 | notes            = Formerly {{jcon|Hwy|48|nosh=yes}}
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 94.7
 | exit             = 94
 | road             = {{jcon|York|69|Ninth Line|sign=hospital}}
 | notes            = New ramps added 2009 - Westbound ramp from northbound Ninth Line. No access to Highway 407 eastbound from Ninth Line northbound, but a ramp is planned to be constructed in 2032–2041;<ref name="TMP 2016" /> to [[Markham Stouffville Hospital]]
 | type=incomplete
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 96.4
 | exit             = 95
 | road             = {{jcon|York|48|[[Donald Cousens Parkway]]}}
 | notes            = No entrance ramps from Donald Cousens Parkway northbound. A ramp from Donald Cousens Parkway Northbound to Highway 407 Eastbound is to be constructed in 2022–2026<ref name="TMP 2016">{{cite web |title=York Region Transportation Master Plan Appendix A- Road Projects (Part 4) |url=https://www.york.ca/wps/wcm/connect/yorkpublic/c854e57a-0205-4bcc-8c7d-3015f35eadf8/Appendix+A+-+Road+Projects+-+Part+4+-+accessible+-+2016-10-14.pdf?MOD=AJPERES |website=York Region |access-date=2019-01-29 |archive-date=October 8, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008150020/http://www.york.ca/wps/wcm/connect/yorkpublic/c854e57a-0205-4bcc-8c7d-3015f35eadf8/Appendix+A+-+Road+Projects+-+Part+4+-+accessible+-+2016-10-14.pdf?MOD=AJPERES |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 | type=incomplete
}}
{{ONint
 | division_special = [[Regional Municipality of York|York]]–[[Regional Municipality of Durham|Durham]] boundary
 | location_special = [[Markham, Ontario|Markham]]–[[Pickering, Ontario|Pickering]] boundary
 | km               = 99.4
 | exit             = 98
 | road             = {{jcon|York|30|York–Durham Line}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | unbuilt
 | division         = Durham
 | dspan            = 21
 | location         = Pickering
 | lspan            = 8
 | km               = 100.8
 | exit             = 100
 | road             = Rossland Road
 | notes            = Future interchange on existing freeway; currently North Road<ref name="seaton" />
}}
{{ONint
 |
 | km               = 102.3
 | exit             = 102
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|38|Whites Road}}
 | notes            = Opened February 2021. Formerly Sideline 26<ref name="seaton">{{cite web |title=Seaton Report
|url=http://wdra.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Phase-1-Seaton-Road-Network-Review-Update-Report.pdf
|website=WDRA
|access-date=5 February 2019
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207020451/http://wdra.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Phase-1-Seaton-Road-Network-Review-Update-Report.pdf
|archive-date=7 February 2019
|date=April 2013}}</ref>
<ref name="Whites Road">{{cite web
|title=407 ETR Opens new access at Whites Road serving the Seaton community
|url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/407-etr-opens-new-access-at-whites-road-serving-the-seaton-community-893213139.html
|website=NewsWire
|access-date=2 March 2021|date=5 February 2021}}</ref>
}}
{{ONint
 |former
 | km               = 106.5
 | exit             = &nbsp;
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|1|Brock Road}}
 | notes            =  At-grade intersection closed late 2015; corresponding segments of Brock Road now Mowbray Street and Elsa Storry Avenue
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 108.0
 | uspan            = 2
 | exit             = 105
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|1|Brock Road}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = none
 | type             = trans
 | road             = {{center|{{Jcon|Toll|407ETR|nolink=yes|shield=yes|dir=ends}}<br/>{{Jcon|Hwy|407|nolink=yes|shield=yes|dir=begins}}}}
 | rcspan           = 2
 | notes            = Eastern limit of privately operated {{Jcon|Toll|407ETR|ot=y}}; western limit of provincially operated {{Jcon|Hwy|407|ot=y}}
}}
{{ONint|former
 | km               = 108.3
 | exit             = &nbsp;
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|7}} / Sideline 16
 | notes            = At-grade intersection with former Brock Road alignment closed 2015; former eastern terminus of {{jcon||Toll|407ETR|ot=y}} (2001–2016)
}}
{{ONint
 | unbuilt
 | km               = 111.2
 | exit             = 108
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|31|Westney Road}}
 | notes            = Future interchange on existing freeway
}}
{{ONint
 | unbuilt
 | km               = 112.9
 | exit             = 109
 | road             = Salem Road
 | notes            = Future interchange on existing freeway. Currently eastbound off/on ramps used by service vehicles only to maintenance facility with no access to Salem Road.
}}
{{ONint
 | location_special = [[Pickering, Ontario|Pickering]]–[[Whitby, Ontario|Whitby]] boundary
 | km               = 115.3
 | exit             = 111
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|23|Lake Ridge Road}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | location         = Whitby
 | lspan            = 3
 | km               = 116.2
 | exit             = 112
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|401|via=412|viadir=south}} 
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 120.3
 | exit             = 118
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|7|via=12|viadir=north|town=Orillia}}<br />{{jcon|drh|12||dir=south|Baldwin Street}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 121.8
 | exit             = 120
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|26|Thickson Road}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | unbuilt
 | location_special = [[Oshawa]]
 | lspan            = 3
 | km               = 123.6
 | exit             = 122
 | road             = Thornton Road
 | notes            = Future interchange on existing freeway
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 125.4
 | exit             = 124
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|2|Simcoe Street}}
 | notes            = 
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 128.7
 | exit             = 127
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|33|Harmony Road}}
 | notes            = Former Eastern Terminus of 407E (Phase One)
}}
{{ONint
| location_special = [[Clarington]]
| lspan            = 6
| km               = 133.7
| exit             = 132
| road             = {{jcon|Durham|34|Enfield Road}}
| notes            = Opened January 2, 2018
}}
{{ONint
| km               = 137.0
| exit             = 135
| road             = {{jcon|Hwy|401|via=418|viadir=south}} 
| notes            = 
}}
{{ONint|former
| km               = 138.3
| exit             = &nbsp;
| road             = {{jcon|Durham|4|Taunton Road}}
| notes            = Temporary terminus of Highway 407, from January 2, 2018 to September 2019 (Phase 2A) <br /> Phase 2B (2019): Removal of direct 407 access to/from Taunton Road. North–south section of freeway renamed as part of Highway 418.<ref>{{cite web
 | title      = Next phase of Hwy. 407 from Oshawa to Clarington will open in early January, 2018
 | publisher  = DurhamRegion.com
 | url        = https://www.durhamregion.com/news-story/7987089-next-phase-of-hwy-407-from-oshawa-to-clarington-will-open-in-early-january/ 
 | access-date = January 6, 2018
 | quote = Ministry officials explained Friday morning that in the interim, the north-south section from Highway 407 to Taunton will also be called Highway 407. Once the full north-south toll road from Highway 401 to Highway 407 is complete in two years, the name will revert to Highway 418.| date = December 8, 2017
 }}</ref>
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 139.7
 | exit             = 138
 | road             = {{jcon|Durham|57|Bowmanville Avenue}} 
 | notes            = Opened on December 9, 2019
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 146.3
 | exit             = 145
 | road             = Darlington–Clarke Townline
 | notes            = Opened on December 9, 2019
}}
{{ONint
 | km               = 151.4
 | exit             = –
 | road             = {{jcon|Hwy|35|con=115|city=Peterborough|city2=Kingston}} 
 | notes            = {{Jcon|Hwy|407|nolink=yes|shield=yes|dir=eastern terminus}}; Highway&nbsp;115 exit&nbsp;14; opened on December 9, 2019
}}
{{jctbtm|col=7|keys=unbuilt,incomplete,trans}}

== See also ==
* [[Private highway]]
* [[Maryland Route 200]], a similar toll road in [[Maryland]], United States.

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Attached KML|display=title,inline}}
{{refbegin}}
; Official links
* {{Official website|http://www.407etr.com|407 ETR official website}}, privately operated section
* {{Official website|https://www.on407.ca/|Highway 407 official website}}, publicly operated section
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20150316042508/http://www.highway407east.com/ea/ 407 East Extension Environmental Assessment]}}
* [http://www.407eastphase1.ca 407 East Phase 1 webpage]
* [http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_98h28_e.htm Highway 407 Act, 1998]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130205011636/http://www.peo.on.ca/publications/407report/index407.htm Highway 407 Safety Review Committee report (archived copy)]

; Other links
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTT1POy1NV0 Video of Highway 407 eastbound from Burlington to Vaughan]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DfLov7U4L-k&t=349s Video of Highway 407 eastbound from Vaughan to Oshawa]
* [http://www.asphaltplanet.ca/ON/highway_407.htm Highway 407 at OntHighways.com]
{{refend}}

{{Ontario Controlled Access Highways}}
{{Ontario King's Highways}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Toll roads in Canada]]
[[Category:400-series highways|07]]
[[Category:Proposed roads in Canada]]
[[Category:Public–private partnership projects in Canada]]