View source for November 1966

{{short description|Month of 1966}}
{{Events by month|1966}}
{{calendar|year=1966|month=November}}

[[File:Flag of Barbados.svg|200px|thumb|left|November 30, 1966: Barbados becomes independent]]
[[File:Copernicus.gif|200px|thumb|right|November 30, 1966: NASA releases first "bird's eye view" of the lunar surface]]
[[File:Lovell and Aldrin on Deck - GPN-2000-001356.jpg|200px|thumb|left|November 15, 1966: Lovell and Aldrin complete the last Gemini mission]]
[[File:Soyuz 7K-OK(A) at Space Center 1.jpg|200px|thumb|right|November 28, 1966: Soyuz program begins]]

The following events occurred in '''November 1966''':

==[[November 1]], 1966 (Tuesday)==
*Hospital administrators at the [[Riverdell Hospital]] in [[Oradell, New Jersey]], opened an investigation of one of the staff physicians, Dr. [[Mario Jascalevich]], after a hospital surgeon discovered 18 open bottles, most of them almost empty, of the poison [[curare]] in Dr. Jascalevich's locker. Suspicion had arisen after nine of Dr. Jascalevich's patients had died after minor surgeries in the previous eleven months, the most recent victim being a 36-year-old mother who had died on October 23 after a Cesarean section. The doctor's explanation for the curare was that he had been "engaged in personal experiments on dogs", and he would continue to practice until 1976, when his indictment for five murders in what would become known as the "[[Dr. X killings]]" because of efforts to protect his anonymity during the trial. Jascalevich would be acquitted in 1978, and the case remains unsolved.<ref>"Riverdell Hospital murders", in ''The Encyclopedia of Unsolved Crimes'', by Michael Newton (Infobase Publishing, 2009) p320</ref>
*Inventor [[Candido Jacuzzi]] of [[Lafayette, California]], was granted U.S. Design Patent No. 206,143 for a large [[Jacuzzi|"Hydrotherapy Tub"]] that would bear his family's surname. Jacuzzi, who had immigrated to the United States from Italy at the age of 17, had developed the initial technology, a pump that could create a swirling whirlpool within a standard bathtub, in 1947. The invention had arisen from necessity, to ease the rheumatoid arthritis of Candido's child, who would document the history in a 2005 book.<ref>Ken Jacuzzi, ''Jacuzzi: A Father's Invention to Ease a Son's Pain'' (iUniverse, 2005) p xxiii</ref>
*Twelve firefighters in California were trapped and burned to death while fighting a blaze inside a canyon in the Pacoima area of the San Fernando Valley. All were members of the "El Coriso hot shots", a service crew for the U.S. Forestry Service in the nearby Cleveland National Forest.<ref>"10 KILLED BY BRUSH FIRES", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 2, 1966, p1</ref> Ten died in the fire and two died a few days later in hospital from injuries sustained in the blaze. This event is known as the [[Loop Fire]].
*On [[All Saints' Day]], the [[National Football League]] awarded an expansion franchise to the largest city of Louisiana, and the owners announced that the pro football team would be called the [[New Orleans Saints]].<ref>Dave Dixon, ''The Saints, the Superdome, and the Scandal'' (Pelican Publishing, 2008) pp. 71-72</ref>
*[[Haryana]] became the 17th [[States and union territories of India|state of India]], after being separated from the existing Punjab State by the Indian government.<ref>S. C. Mittal, ''Haryana, a Historical Perspective'' (Atlantic Publishers, 1986) p153</ref> [[B. D. Sharma]] was installed as the first [[Chief Minister of Haryana]] at the capital, [[Chandigarh]].<ref>"Two new States from today", ''The Indian Express'' (Madras), November 1, 1966, p1</ref>

==[[November 2]], 1966 (Wednesday)==
*[[Israel]] moved one step closer to developing [[Nuclear weapons and Israel|its own nuclear bomb]] when its armaments agency, [[Rafael Advanced Defense Systems|RAFAEL]] (an acronym based upon ''Reshut l'pituah Emtzaei L'ehima'', Hebrew for "Authority for the Development of Means of Warfare")<ref>{{cite book |first=Leslie |last=Stein |title=The Making of Modern Israel: 1948-1967 |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |year=2013}}</ref> achieved a successful test implosion of a nuclear device. RAFAEL Director Munya Mador would later describe the date as the moment that "a test of special import" was achieved, representing "unambiguous experimental proof of the efficacy of the system" that "we had waited many years for."<ref>{{cite book |first=Michael I. |last=Karpin |author-link=Michael Karpin |title=The Bomb in the Basement: How Israel Went Nuclear and what that Means for the World |publisher=[[Simon and Schuster]] |year=2006 |page=268}}</ref>
*A low-level [[Korean DMZ Conflict|conflict within the Korean Demilitarized Zone]] began as six American soldiers and one South Korean were killed by members of the [[North Korean Army]], who had penetrated {{convert|0.5|mi}} inside [[South Korea]].<ref>{{cite news |title=N. Korean Reds Slay Six Yanks |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 2, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> The attack, which followed a call on [[October 1966|October 5]] by [[North Korea]]'s [[Kim Il Sung]] for "a positive struggle against U.S. imperialism", coincided with a visit by U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] to South Korea.<ref>{{cite book |first=Narushige |last=Michishita |title=North Korea's Military-Diplomatic Campaigns, 1966-2008 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2009 |page=20}}</ref>
*NASA's [[George E. Mueller]] announced plans to proceed with the [[Apollo Applications Program]] (AAP) project for an [[Orbital Workshop]] space station, starting by launching the complete airlock, Workshop, and multiple docking adapter into orbit at least a year before sending an astronaut crew. The first two missions would send three astronauts to the orbiting station for a 28-day flight and establish a larger clustered space configuration for subsequent missions in the era after the [[Apollo program]] exploration of the Moon.<ref name="Brooks">{{Source attribution}} {{cite book |title=SKYLAB: A CHRONOLOGY |chapter=PART II: Apollo Application Program -August 1965 to December 1966. |last1=Brooks |first1=Courtney G. |last2=Ertel |first2=Ivan D. |last3=Newkirk |first3=Roland W. |series=NASA Special Publication-4011 |pages=95–99 |chapter-url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4011/part2a.htm |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=8 April 2023}}</ref>
*The [[Cuban Adjustment Act]] came into force, allowing automatic [[permanent residency]] (a prerequisite to [[Citizenship in the United States|United States citizenship]]) for any citizen of [[Cuba]] who had legally immigrated to the United States after January 1, 1959. The Act affected 123,000 refugees and their families who had fled the regime of [[Fidel Castro]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=William M. |last1=LeoGrande |author1-link=William M. LeoGrande |first2=Peter |last2=Kornbluh |author2-link=Peter Kornbluh |title=Back Channel to Cuba: The Hidden History of Negotiations between Washington and Havana |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |year=2014 |pages=107–108}}</ref>
*[[1966 Barbadian general election|Legislative elections]] were held in Barbados, in preparation for independence, with a 79.7% voter turnout. The [[Democratic Labour Party (Barbados)|Democratic Labour Party]], led by [[Errol Barrow]], won a majority in the new parliament, capturing 14 of the 24 seats.<ref>{{cite book |last=Nohlen |first=D |author-link=Dieter Nohlen |year=2005 |title=Elections in the Americas: A data handbook |volume=I |page=90 |isbn=978-0-19-928357-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Mary |last=Chamberlain |author-link=Mary Chamberlain |title=Empire and Nation-building in the Caribbean: Barbados, 1937-66 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2010 |page=182}}</ref>
*[[Air Canada]] began the first [[North America]]n air services to the [[Soviet Union]], starting with the flight of a DC-8 jet from [[Montreal]] to [[Moscow]]. The first [[Aeroflot]] flight from the Soviet Union to [[Canada]] would be inaugurated two days later.<ref>{{cite news |title=Launch Air Service To Moscow |newspaper=[[Ottawa Journal]] |date=November 2, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*Leaders of West Germany's ruling coalition, the [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]] and the [[Christian Social Union in Bavaria|Christian Social Union]], called upon their leader, [[Ludwig Erhard]], to resign as [[Chancellor of Germany (1949–)|Chancellor of West Germany]].<ref name="Mierzejewski">{{cite book |first=Alfred C. |last=Mierzejewski |title=Ludwig Erhard: A Biography |publisher=[[University of North Carolina Press]] |year=2005 |page=203}}</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[David Schwimmer]], American actor best known for portraying [[Ross Geller]] on ''[[Friends]]''; in [[New York City]]
*'''Died:'''
**[[Sadao Araki]], 89, war criminal, general in the [[Imperial Japanese Army]], and Minister of War during [[World War II]], who served ten years in prison after being convicted of war crimes.
**[[Peter Debye]], 82, Dutch chemist who won the 1936 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]
**[[Mississippi John Hurt]], 73, African-American singer and guitarist

==[[November 3]], 1966 (Thursday)==
*[[Che Guevara]], who had helped [[Fidel Castro]] take power in [[Cuba]] before setting off on fomenting similar popular uprisings in other nations, arrived in [[La Paz]], [[Bolivia]], with plans to help lead a guerrilla war against the Bolivian government. Clean-shaven, bald and wearing glasses, Guevara, entered the country with a passport from Uruguay as "Adolfo Mena Gonzalez", and was identified as a "Special Envoy of the Organization of American States".<ref>Richard L. Harris, ''Death of a Revolutionary: Che Guevara's Last Mission'' (W. W. Norton & Company, 2000) p97</ref> Within two months after his arrival, however, he found that the Bolivian Communist Party had no wish to start a violent revolution, and set off to conduct his own fight, eventually being captured and executed in 1967.<ref>René De La Pedraja, ''Wars of Latin America, 1948-1982: The Rise of the Guerrillas'' (McFarland, 2013) p165</ref>
*The Nobel Committee announced in Stockholm that Professor [[Robert Mulliken]] of the United States would receive the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] for "his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method", and Professor [[Alfred Kastler]] of France would get the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] for "the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms".<ref>"Nobel Prize Award to U. of C. Prof.— Chemist, French Physicist Win", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 4, 1966, p3</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Fritz Baumgarten (illustrator)|Fritz Baumgarten]], 83, German illustrator of children's books

==[[November 4]], 1966 (Friday)==
*[[1966 Flood of the Arno River|A flash flood killed 149 people]] when the [[Arno River]] swept through the city of [[Florence]] in [[Italy]]. Shortly after 9:00&nbsp;p.m., the Arno's waters swept through the city. Exacerbated by the ancient city's narrow streets, the water level rose {{convert|18|ft|m|abbr=on}} within two hours.<ref>Lee Davis, ''Natural Disasters'' (Infobase Publishing, 2010) pp169-171</ref> With "a combination of moderately high tide, the runoff of torrential rain from the day before, and a sirocco wind blowing northward up the [[Adriatic Sea|Adriatic]]",<ref>"Between Venice and the deep blue sea", by Hugh Aldersey-Williams, ''New Scientist'' (magazine), August 4, 1988, p49</ref> the river brought the highest recorded water level in Florence, peaking at {{convert|22|ft|m|abbr=on}}. Besides the death toll (with 35 of the deaths in Florence itself, and another 114 in the surrounding countryside), the flood of the Arno destroyed millions of dollars worth of Renaissance art masterpieces and rare books, and causing more damage than had been suffered during World War II.<ref>"Desolation Left by Floods", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 6, 1966, p5</ref> The basements and first floor of the renowned [[Uffizi|Uffizi Gallery]] were inundated with water and mud, and water filled the [[San Marco, Florence|Convent of St. Mark]] and the [[Florence Cathedral]]. Damaged also were the holdings of the [[Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence|Santa Croce Basilica]], and six million books in the Italian national library and state archives ([[National Central Library (Florence)|Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale]]).<ref>"Italy's Floods Take Art Treasure Toll", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 8, 1966, p4</ref> The previous recorded high had been exactly 633 years earlier, on November 4, [[1333]].<ref>Robert Clark, ''Dark Water: Art, Disaster, and Redemption in Florence'' (Anchor Books, 2009)</ref> In Venice, which suffered its worst flooding in several centuries, the rise of the waters to more than six feet above normal "cut the country virtually in half", destroyed gondolas and boats, and damaged many of the foot bridges over the canals.<ref>"Worst Flood in 966 Years Belts Venice", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 5, 1966, p1</ref>
*In Cairo, Prime Minister [[Yusuf Zuayyin]] of [[Syria]] signed a mutual defense pact with [[Egypt]], committing each nation to coming to the other's aid in the event of a war with Israel. The treaty had been proposed by Egypt's President [[Gamel Abdel Nasser]], who believed that Syrian provocation of Israel would end up bringing the entire Middle East into a war, as an attempt to bring Syria's incursions under control by requiring that the two nations consult with each other before undertaking military action.<ref>Elli Lieberman, ''Reconceptualizing Deterrence: Nudging Toward Rationality in Middle Eastern Rivalries'' (Routledge, 2012) p87</ref>

==[[November 5]], 1966 (Saturday)==
*[[Ghana]] released the Foreign Minister of Guinea, General Joseph Ankrah, and 18 other Guineans who had been held as prisoners in [[Accra]] since being removed from an airliner while on their way to the meeting of the [[Organization of African Unity]] (OAU) in [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]]. The arrest and detention of the Guinean delegates had taken place on October 29 after Ghana alleged that many of its nationals were being held as prisoners by Guinea. The government of Ethiopia and the OAU negotiated the release of the Ghana delegation, which then proceeded to the summit in Ethiopia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ghana Frees 19 Guineans Held in Accra |journal=Chicago Tribune |date=November 6, 1966 |page=1D-7}}</ref>
*[[KOST|KADS]] 103.5 FM, the first radio station devoted to have programming that consisted entirely of [[advertisement|ads]], went on the air in [[Los Angeles]], after radio broadcaster [[Gordon McLendon]] came up with the idea for a service where listeners would pay for [[classified advertising]] ("want ads") to be read over the radio. In March 1968, McLendon would drop the "K-Ads" in favor of an all-music format, and be allowed to change the station name to [[KOST]]-FM.<ref>{{cite book |first=Ronald |last=Garay |title=Gordon McLendon: The Maverick of Radio |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |year=1992 |page=141}}</ref>
*George E. Mueller, NASA Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight, recommended to [[Robert C. Seamans, Jr.]], the lunar module ascent stage/half-rack Apollo telescope mount (LM/ATM) as the baseline configuration for development of the ATM.<ref name="Brooks"/>
*'''Born:''' [[Chester Turner]], American serial killer and sex offender who was sentenced to death for sexually assaulting and murdering fourteen women in Los Angeles between 1987 and 1998; in [[Warren, Arkansas]]<ref name="Pelisek">{{cite news| last =Pelisek| first =Christine| title =Death Penalty for Chester Turner| work =[[LA Weekly]]|date =May 15, 2007| url =http://www.laweekly.com/2007-05-17/news/death-penalty-for-chester-turner/ | access-date =May 22, 2007}}</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Dietrich von Choltitz]], 71, Nazi German military governor of Paris in [[World War II]]. After being installed as Military Governor on August 2, 1944, General von Choltitz defied a direct order, from Adolf Hitler, to destroy Paris rather than to let it fall to the Allied invasion force. Instead, he surrendered the city "relatively intact" when troops arrived, and was ostracized after his post-war return home. A fellow general once said, "He has more friends in France than he has in Germany." His self-published 1950 autobiography, ''Is Paris Burning?'', inspired a bestselling book by the same name.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gen. Choltitz Dies; Refused to Burn Paris |journal=Chicago Tribune |date=November 6, 1966 |page=1D-4}}</ref>

==[[November 6]], 1966 (Sunday)==
*[[Lunar Orbiter 2]] was launched by the United States from Cape Kennedy at 6:21&nbsp;p.m. local time.<ref>"U.S. Lofts 2d Lunar Orbiter— Plan to Photograph 13 Landing Sites", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 7, 1966, p1</ref> After initially orbiting at {{convert|122|mi|km|abbr=off|sp=us}} above the surface, the probe was guided to a lower orbit of only {{convert|30|mi|km}} over the Moon by November 15, and during the week of November 18 to November 25, took 609 high resolution photographs of landing sites.<ref>P.J. Capelotti, ''The Human Archaeology of Space: Lunar, Planetary and Interstellar Relics of Exploration'' (McFarland, 2010) p55</ref>
*At the OAU summit in Addis Ababa, 38 African nations unanimously passed a resolution  demanding that the United Kingdom use force to retake control of its former colony of [[Rhodesia]], which had declared its independence with a white minority government in 1965.<ref>"African Group Calls for Force In Rhodesia", ''(Louisville KY) Courier-Journal'', November 7, 1966, p17</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Hugh Fraser, 1st Baron Fraser of Allander|Hugh Fraser]], 63, Scottish baron and entrepreneur who created the [[House of Fraser]] department store chain in the United Kingdom.

==[[November 7]], 1966 (Monday)==
*[[1966 Trinidad and Tobago general election|Legislative elections]] were held in [[Trinidad and Tobago]]. The [[People's National Movement]], led by Prime Minister [[Eric Williams]], retained its two-thirds majority, with 24 of the 36 seats in the House of Representatives, while the [[Democratic Labour Party (Trinidad and Tobago)|Democratic Labour Party]], with heavy support from the citizens of East Indian descent, and led by [[Rudranath Capildeo]], won the other 12 seats.<ref>Scott B. MacDonald, ''Trinidad and Tobago: Democracy and Development in the Caribbean'' (ABC-CLIO, 1986) p154</ref><ref>[[Dieter Nohlen]] (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p635 {{ISBN|978-0-19-928357-6}}</ref>
*In a massive [[1966 anti-cow slaughter agitation|demonstration]] in [[New Delhi]], India, Hindu protesters demanded a ban on the [[Cattle slaughter in India|slaughter of cows in India]], as enacted in the [[Directive Principles of State Policy]] in the [[Constitution of India]]. A crowd of 10,000 protesters tried to storm parliament, then rampaged through the city. A 48-hour curfew was ordered, and future meetings were banned.<ref>"At Least 7 Die in Hindu Riot to Keep Cows— Police Fire at Mobs; 500 Are Injured", ''Chicago Tribune'', November 8, 1966, p1A-12</ref><ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=0klj8wIChNAC&dat=19661108&printsec=frontpage&hl=en  ''Spokane (WA) Spokesman-Review''], November 8, 1966</ref>
*The [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Jundiaí]] was established in Brazil.

==[[November 8]], 1966 (Tuesday)==
*[[1966 United States House of Representatives elections|Midterm elections were held for the U.S. House of Representatives]] and for one-third of the [[1966 United States Senate elections|U.S. Senate]] seats, as well as for offices in various American states. In the [[1966 United States House of Representatives elections|House]], the Republicans gained 47 seats from the Democrats<ref>{{cite news |title=Republican Gains grow in State, U.S.; Add 47 Seats in House for New Total of 187 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 10, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> and three seats in the [[1966 United States Senate elections|Senate]]<ref>{{cite news |title=3 More Senators Set to Challenge Great Society |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 9, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> but the Democratic Party retained a 248–187 majority in the House and a 64 to 33 in the Senate. Among individual winners, former [[Massachusetts]] Attorney General [[Edward Brooke]], a Republican, became the first [[African American]] elected to the [[United States Senate]] since [[Blanche Bruce|Blanche K. Bruce]] during the [[Reconstruction Era]] a century earlier.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brooke First Negro Senator Since 1881 |newspaper=[[North Adams Transcript]] |location=[[North Adams, Massachusetts]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> Film and television actor [[Ronald Reagan]] was elected [[Governor of California]], oil company chairman [[George H. W. Bush]] won his first election ever, as a U.S. Representative for Texas,<ref>{{cite news |title=Bush Winner Over Briscoe For Congress |newspaper=[[Baytown Sun]] |location=[[Baytown, Texas]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> and Baltimore County Executive [[Spiro Agnew]] as [[Governor of Maryland]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Ted Agnew Scores Smashing Triumph |newspaper=[[Hagerstown Sun]] |location=[[Hagerstown, Maryland]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> [[Charles H. Percy]], whose daughter had been brutally murdered in September, was elected U.S. Senator for Illinois.<ref>{{cite news |title=Douglas Loses Senate Seat To GOP's Percy by 300,000 Votes |newspaper=[[Edwardsville Intelligencer]] |location=[[Edwardsville, Illinois]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> [[Lucius Amerson]] was made the first African-American county sheriff in Alabama in more than a century.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alabama Negro Defeats Whites In Sheriff's Race |newspaper=[[Huron Daily Plainsman]] |location=[[Huron, South Dakota]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=6}}</ref> In a referendum in [[Nebraska]], voters narrowly approved a constitutional amendment that abolished state property taxes, and voted against a measure for the necessary approval of a state income tax.<ref>{{cite news |title=Property Tax in Nebraska Is Voted Out |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 29, 1966 |page=1B-1}}</ref> Louisiana voters approved a project for the construction of the [[Louisiana Superdome]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Louisiana Okays Domed Stadium |newspaper=[[Amarillo Globe-Times]] |location=[[Amarillo, Texas]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=30}}</ref> (which would open in 1975).
*Guinea's President [[Sekou Toure]] ordered all [[Peace Corps]] volunteers to leave the African nation within one week.<ref>{{cite news |title=Peace Corps Kicked Out By Guinea's Boss Toure |newspaper=[[Lincoln Star]] |location=[[Lincoln, Nebraska]] |date=November 9, 1966 |page=22}}</ref>
*[[Levi Eshkol]], the [[Prime Minister of Israel]] (as well as its Minister of Defense), announced the end of military government over the Arab-minority regions of the nation in [[Galilee]] (Al-Jalil), the [[Negev]] (Naqab), and the "[[Little Triangle]]" (HaMeshulash or al-Muthallath). The [[Knesset]] gave its approval by a 48–7 vote, and military administration formally terminated on December 1.<ref>{{cite book |first1=Mansour |last1=Nasasra |display-authors=etal |title=The Naqab Bedouin and Colonialism: New Perspectives |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |page=46}}</ref>
*[[NASA]] official [[John H. Disher]] announced a sequence for future missions of the Saturn/Apollo Applications program. SAA-209 would send a crew on a [[Apollo command and service module#Major differences between Block I and Block II|block II CSM]] 28-day flight. SAA-210 would launch the docking adapter for the airlock and the Orbital Workshop. SAA-211 would send a crew on a 56-day flight, and SAA-212 would launch the Apollo lunar module telescope mount.<ref name="Brooks"/>
*One day before the Wednesday scheduled launch of [[Gemini 12]], the flight was postponed by malfunctions to be sent up on Thursday, then Friday, and finally to Saturday, November 11.<ref name="Grimwood 2">{{Source attribution}} {{cite book |title=Project Gemini Technology and Operations - A Chronology |chapter=PART III (B) Flight Tests January 1966 through February 1967 |last1=Grimwood |first1=James M. |last2=Hacker |first2=Barton C. |last3=Vorzimmer |first3=Peter J. |series=NASA Special Publication-4002 |chapter-url=https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4002/p3b.htm |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=14 March 2023}}</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Gordon Ramsay]], British chef, restaurateur and television host, known for the ''[[Hell's Kitchen (U.S. TV series)|Hell's Kitchen]]'' and ''[[Kitchen Nightmares]]'' shows in the U.S. and UK; in [[Johnstone]], [[Renfrewshire]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Michelin Starred |url=https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/restaurants-and-bars/michelin-starred/ |website=Gordon Ramsay Restaurants |access-date=16 October 2018 |archive-date=30 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030005044/https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/restaurants-and-bars/michelin-starred/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Bernhard Zondek]], 75, German-born Israeli gynecologist, developer of the first reliable pregnancy test

==[[November 9]], 1966 (Wednesday)==
*In one of the variations of the "[[Paul is dead]]" rumors that would begin in 1967 following the retirement of [[The Beatles]] from live performances, the story would later be spread that [[Paul McCartney]] had been killed in an auto accident on November 9, 1966.<ref>{{cite book |first=Nicholas |last=Schaffner |author-link=Nicholas Schaffner |title=The Beatles Forever |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] |year=1978 |page=127}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Frank W. |last1=Hoffmann |first2=William G. |last2=Bailey |title=Arts & Entertainment Fads |publisher=[[The Haworth Press]] |year=1990 |pages=165–166}}</ref> The rumor, which aided the sale of Beatles records, would ultimately be debunked by the Beatles' press agent on October 21, 1969,<ref>{{cite news |title=Beatle Spokesman Calls Rumor of McCartney's Death 'Rubbish' |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 22, 1969 |page=8}}</ref> followed by an interview by BBC reporter Chris Drake and photographs published in ''[[Life (magazine)|LIFE]]'' magazine's November 7, 1969 issue.
*[[John Lennon]] of [[the Beatles]] met [[Yoko Ono]] at the [[Indica Gallery]]. They would marry and live together for 11 years before John Lennon's [[Murder of John Lennon|murder]] in 1980.<ref>{{cite book |first=Barry |last=Miles |author-link=Barry Miles |title=Paul McCartney: Many Years From Now |title-link=Paul McCartney: Many Years from Now |publisher=[[Henry Holt and Company]] |year=1998 |page=466}}</ref>
*'''Died:''' [[Peter Hillwood]] (born Adolf Bergolz), 46, British [[Royal Air Force]] and [[test pilot]], was killed in a plane crash.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://glostransporthistory.visit-gloucestershire.co.uk/JetAgeRMC_EP_Pioneers.html |title=The Jet Age Reserve Model Collection Presents Easter Parade 2010 |website=Gloucestershire Transport History |access-date=June 4, 2022}}</ref>

==[[November 10]], 1966 (Thursday)==
{{multiple image
|image1 =Jack Lynch 1967 (cropped).jpg|width1=100|caption1=Jack Lynch of Ireland
|image2 =Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F024017-0001, Oberhausen, CDU-Parteitag Rheinland, Kiesinger.jpg|width2=142|caption2=Kurt Georg Kiesinger of West Germany}}
*[[Seán Lemass]] retired as [[Taoiseach]] (Prime Minister) of the [[Republic of Ireland]] for health reasons. The [[Dáil Éireann]], Ireland's parliament, elected Finance Minister [[Jack Lynch]], the successor to Lemass as leader of the [[Fianna Fáil]] party, 71–64. The other votes went to [[Liam Cosgrave]], leader of the [[Fine Gael]] party, as the members of parliament voted along party lines.<ref>"Lynch Is Elected Prime Minister", ''Nashua (NH) Telegraph'', November 10, 1966, p1</ref><ref>Michael J. Kennedy, ''Division and Consensus: The Politics of Cross-border Relations in Ireland, 1925-1969'' (Institute of Public Administration, 2000) p279</ref>
*On the third round of balloting, [[Kurt Georg Kiesinger]] was selected as the successor to Chancellor Ludwig Erhard as leader of West Germany's CDU/CSU party, ahead of rival candidate [[Rainer Barzel]]. Leadership of West Germany's majority party meant that Kiesinger would become the next Chancellor of West Germany when Erhard resigned on November 30.<ref>John David Nagle, ''The National Democratic Party: Right Radicalism in the Federal Republic of Germany'' (University of California Press, 1970) pp43-44</ref>

==[[November 11]], 1966 (Friday)==
[[File:Gemini XII astronauts at launch pad.jpg|thumb|right|November 11, 1966: Astronauts Lovell and Aldrin commemorate the end of Project Gemini]]
*After several postponements, [[Gemini 12]], the last of the [[Project Gemini]] crewed space missions, was launched from [[complex 19]] at Florida's [[Cape Kennedy]] at 3:47&nbsp;p.m. local time, crewed by two [[astronaut]]s, [[U.S. Navy]] Captain [[James A. Lovell, Jr.]], the command pilot, and [[U.S. Air Force]] Major [[Buzz Aldrin|Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, Jr.]], the pilot.<ref name="Grimwood 2"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Last Gemini Project Rockets Into Orbit |date=November 11, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> The Gemini [[Atlas-Agena]] target vehicle for the mission had been launched from [[complex 14]] at 2:08&nbsp;p.m.<ref name="Grimwood 2"/>
[[File:RETRATO DEL GRAL. FRANCISCO FRANCO BAHAMONDE.jpg|right|100px|thumb|Franco]]
*Generalissimo [[Francisco Franco]] issued a general pardon to everyone who had been convicted of political crimes during the [[Spanish Civil War]], declaring an amnesty for those Spanish residents who had been with the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republicans]] who had been defeated by Franco's Falangist troops. It was unclear whether the amnesty extended to tens of thousands of Republican fighters who had gone into exile after Franco became Spain's leader.<ref>{{cite news |title=Franco Pardons Former Enemies |agency=[[UPI]] |newspaper=The Daily Telegram |location=[[Eau Claire, Wisconsin]] |date=November 12, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> At the same time, Franco's cabinet also approved a decree that would dissolve the "Special Commission on Political Crimes" effective December 31.<ref>{{cite news |title=Franco Pardon Hopes to Heal Civil War Scars |newspaper=[[Bridgeport Post]] |location=[[Bridgeport, Connecticut]] |date=November 12, 1966 |page=14}}</ref>
*[[Gary Steven Krist]] escaped from the [[Deuel Vocational Institution]], a medium-security prison near [[Tracy, California]], where he was serving a sentence for auto theft. He would be recaptured more than two years later, but not before carrying out the bizarre [[Barbara Mackle kidnapping]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Mackle, Barbara Jane |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Kidnappings |first=Michael |last=Newton |author-link=Michael Newton (author) |publisher=[[Infobase Publishing]] |year=2002 |page=179}}</ref>
*All 19 people aboard a [[U.S. Air Force]] [[551st Airborne Early Warning and Control Wing]] [[EC-121H Warning Star]] airplane [[1966 EC-121H Warning Star crash|were killed when it crashed]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean]] off [[Nantucket]], [[Massachusetts]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Plane Carrying 19 Is Reported Down in Atlantic |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 11, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Stewart Wilken]], South African serial killer who used the alias "Boetie Boer"; in [[Boksburg]]

==[[November 12]], 1966 (Saturday)==
[[File:Los-angeles-free-press-1966-11-18 p.3, no 2.jpg|250px|thumb|November 12, 1966: Demonstrators protesting outside a nightclub during the curfew riots]]
*The [[Sunset Strip curfew riots]] began in [[West Hollywood, California]] as 1,000 demonstrators, many of them [[hippie]]s and other young people, erupted in protest against the strict 10:00&nbsp;p.m. curfew and strictly-enforced loitering laws. Earlier in the year, the city council had implemented a handful of measures, including the curfew to prevent people from entering into night clubs late at night. Celebrities, including [[Jack Nicholson]] and [[Peter Fonda]] joined the protesters in the demonstrations against the city government.<ref name="npr2019">{{cite news |last1=Hajek |first1=Danny |title=A Thousand People In The Street: 'For What It's Worth' Captured Youth In Revolt |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/02/20/693790065/buffalo-springfield-for-what-its-worth-american-anthem |access-date=31 March 2019 |work=Morning Edition: American Anthem |publisher=NPR |date=20 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Priore|2007|p=11}}: "...{{nbsp}}across the span of three months, from November{{nbsp}}1966 to January{{nbsp}}1967, a series of curfews, crackdowns, and harassment by local authorities resulted in unrest, youth riots, and, ultimately, the closing of the clubs themselves."</ref>
*Inspired by the press coverage of the [[University of Texas tower shooting]], an 18-year-old Robert Benjamin Smith walked into the Rose-Mar College of Beauty in [[Mesa, Arizona]] and [[1966 Rose-Mar College of Beauty shooting|murdered four women and a 3-year-old girl]]. Smith told police that "he was inspired by mass murderers [[Charles Whitman]] and [[Richard Speck]]" who had carried out mass murders earlier the same year. Smith also told police that "he simply sought infamy and wanted to be known and remembered". Police said afterward that if Smith had walked into the shop half an hour later, the death toll would have been much higher when more student beauticians and customers normally would have arrived.<ref>{{cite news |title=SEEKS FAME; KILLS 5 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 13, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> He would be convicted of the five murders on October 24, 1967, and sentenced to execution in Arizona's [[Gas chamber#United States|gas chamber]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Execution of Smith Set For Feb. 2 |newspaper=[[Tucson Daily Citizen]] |location=[[Tucson, Arizona]] |date=November 9, 1967 |page=3}}</ref> but the conviction would be reversed on appeal. Tried and convicted again, he would be sentenced to life imprisonment in 1972.<ref>{{cite news |title=Smith to Appeal Latest Sentences |newspaper=[[Arizona Daily Sun]] |location=[[Flagstaff, Arizona]] |date=July 24, 1972 |page=10}}</ref>
*The legend of the "[[Mothman]]" began when five grave diggers in [[Clendenin, West Virginia]], said that they had witnessed what "looked like a brown human being flying out of the trees".<ref>{{cite book |first=Janet |last=Lorimer |title=Strange But True Stories, Book 2 |publisher=[[Saddleback Educational Publishing]] |year=2011 |page=35}}</ref> A similar sighting by another group of people, in another part of [[West Virginia]], would happen three days later.
*A land mine killed three [[Israel]]i paratroopers, and injured six other soldiers, as their convoy was driving on patrol north of the town of [[Arad, Israel|Arad]] near the [[West Bank]] and the border with Jordan.<ref>{{cite news |title=3 Israeli Soldiers Die in Mine Blast |newspaper=[[San Antonio Express-News|San Antonio Express and News]] |date=November 13, 1966 |page=7}}</ref> The incident would lead to an attack by Israel against Jordan.
*A [[Solar eclipse of November 12, 1966|total solar eclipse]] took place, and was observed by scientists in Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Brazil.<ref>{{cite news |title=Total Eclipse of Sun Seen in S. America |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 13, 1966 |page=3}}</ref> For the first time, photos of the eclipse were taken from [[outer space]] as Edwin Aldrin made photographs while the cockpit was open on Gemini 12.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sun Eclipse Photos Taken from Gemini |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 13, 1966 |page=3}}</ref>
*The first of two periods of standup EVA spacewalks began on [[Gemini 12]] and lasted for 2 hours 29 minutes.<ref name="Grimwood 2"/>
*'''Died:''' 
**[[Don Branson]], 46, sprint car racer, was killed in a crash at the Ascot Speedway in [[Gardena, California]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Don Branson Killed at Ascot |newspaper=[[Independent Press-Telegram]] |location=[[Long Beach, California]] |date=November 13, 1966 |page=C-1}}</ref> 
**[[Shakeb Jalali]], 32, Pakistani poet, committed suicide by [[rail suicide|throwing himself into the path of a train]] in the city of [[Sargodha]] in [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab Province]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Parekh |first=Rauf |title=Creativity and mental disorder: Urdu poets and writers who committed suicide |website=dawn.com |date=2015-04-27 |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1178438 |access-date=2018-02-13}}
</ref>

==[[November 13]], 1966 (Sunday)==
*Tanks of the [[Israeli Army]] swept across the border from Israel and attacked three towns located {{convert|2|mi}} inside [[Jordan]]. Four [[Royal Jordanian Air Force]] [[Hawker Hunter]] aircraft attacked an Israeli unit that was engaged in blowing up buildings in [[as-Samu]], [[Jordan]], a town that the terrorist group ''[[Fatah]]'' had used for staging [[commando]] attacks into [[Israel]]. [[Israeli Air Force]] aircraft responded, shot down one of the Jordanian planes and drove off the other three during the [[dogfight]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Hammel |first=Eric |author-link=Eric M. Hammel |title=Six Days in June: How Israel Won the 1967 Arab-Israeli War |location=[[New York City|New York]] |publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons]] |year=1992 |isbn=0-684-19390-6 |page=20}}</ref> The other villages attacked by Israel were Hirbeit Karkaz and Jimba. Jordan's ambassador to the United Nations told reporters that 13 Jordanian soldiers and 13 civilians had been killed in the attack, which came the day after four Israeli Army personnel had been killed by a land mine on their side of the border. Prime Minister Levi Eshkol of Israel said later, "We trust that the lesson will not go unheeded in Damascus."<ref>{{cite news |title=Three Jordan Towns Hit in Israeli Raid |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 14, 1966 |page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Samu Raid, West Bank |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and Military History |first1=Spencer C. |last1=Tucker |author1-link=Spencer C. Tucker |first2=Priscilla |last2=Roberts |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2008 |page=888}}</ref>
*All 50 people on [[All Nippon Airways Flight 533]] were killed when the [[NAMC YS-11]] turboprop plunged into the [[Seto Inland Sea]] as it was attempting to land at the airport at the resort of [[Matsuyama]] in [[Ehime Prefecture]]. Of the 45 passengers, 22 were newlyweds who had departed from [[Osaka]] for their [[honeymoon]]s.<ref>{{cite news |title=50 Are Killed in Japanese Plane Crash |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 14, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> The cause of the accident was never determined.<ref>[https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/332271 Aviation Safety Network]</ref>
*During a more than two-hour umbilical EVA on Gemini 12, astronaut Buzz Aldrin attached a {{convert|100|foot|adj=on}} tether from the GATV target vehicle to the [[spacecraft]] docking bar.Aldrin evaluated the [[Project Gemini#Adapter module|spacecraft adapter]] restraint systems. While the tether remained slack, the crew believed that the Gemini craft and the GATV slowly attained [[gravity-gradient stabilization]].<ref name="Grimwood 2"/>
*'''Died:''' [[Dick Atkins]], 30, collided with Don Branson's overturned car the previous day<ref>{{cite news |title=Race Crash Claims Veteran Dick Atkins |newspaper=[[Valley Morning Star]] |location=[[Harlingen, Texas]] |date=November 14, 1966 |page=10}}</ref>

==[[November 14]], 1966 (Monday)==
*A U.S. Air Force [[C-141 Starlifter]], part of the [[86th Military Airlift Squadron]] and piloted by Captain Howard Geddes, became the first jet aircraft to land in [[Antarctica]], touching down on a runway carved out of the ice, at Williams Field on [[McMurdo Sound]]. The jet had completed a roundtrip flight of {{convert|2,200|mi|km}} each way to and from [[Christchurch]], New Zealand.<ref>{{cite news |title=First Jet Lands In Antarctica |agency=[[Associated Press|AP]] |newspaper=[[The Herald-Mail|The Morning Herald]] |location=[[Hagerstown, Maryland]] |date=November 14, 1966 |page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/af/100_years_of_flight.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040222040010/http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/af/100_years_of_flight.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 22, 2004 |last=Haulman |first=Daniel L. |author-link=Daniel L. Haulman |title=One Hundred Years of Flight: USAF Chronology of Significant Air and Space Events, 1903-2002 |location=[[Maxwell Air Force Base]], [[Alabama]] |publisher=[[Air University Press]] |year=2003 |isbn= |page=99}}</ref>
*[[Jack L. Warner]], the co-founder and largest stockholder of [[Warner Bros. Pictures]], signed a contract to sell his one-third interest in the motion picture company to [[Seven Arts Productions]], a Toronto-based distributor of films for television. Warner's 1,573,861 million shares of stock were sold for $20 apiece<ref>{{cite book |first=Jerome |last=Christensen |title=America's Corporate Art: The Studio Authorship of Hollywood Motion Pictures (1929–2001) |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |year=2012 |page=245}}</ref> for a total of $31,477,220.<ref>{{cite news |title=Seven Arts Set to Purchase 33% of Warner Bros. Pictures |newspaper=Bridgeport Post |location=Bridgeport, Connecticut |date=November 15, 1966 |page=34}}</ref>
*Despite having been away from boxing for more than 15 months while recovering from being shot by a police officer, [[Cleveland Williams]] fought world heavyweight champion Cassius Clay (later [[Muhammad Ali]]) in front of a crowd of 35,460 fight fans at the [[Houston Astrodome]]. Williams, who had worked his way back to health after four surgeries, a broken hip and the loss of a kidney,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Williams, Cleveland |dictionary=Historical Dictionary of Boxing |first=John |last=Grasso |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]] |year=2013 |page=429}}</ref> was felled in the third round after one of the most unusual career comebacks in athletic history.<ref>{{cite news |title=CLAY STOPS WILLIAMS IN THIRD ROUND |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 15, 1966 |page=3-1}}</ref> Dale Witton, the highway patrolman who had shot Williams in 1964, had been given tickets to two ringside seats by the challenger, who said, "I have no hard feelings for him."<ref>{{cite news |title=No Hard Feelings |newspaper=[[Lincoln Evening Journal]] |location=[[Lincoln, Nebraska]] |date=November 14, 1966 |page=11}}</ref>
*The Italian cargo ship ''Marina di Sapri'' struck the sunken wreckage of the ''SS Ada'', which had gone down on November 6 in the Adriatic Sea, and sank as well.
*The second standup EVA of the Gemini 12 mission lasted 55 minutes, ending at 67 hours 1 minute ground elapsed time.<ref name="Grimwood 2"/>
*'''Born:''' [[Curt Schilling]], American baseball pitcher; in [[Anchorage, Alaska]] 
*'''Died:'''
**[[Peter Baker (British politician)|Peter Baker]], 45, the last British Member of Parliament to be expelled (in 1954) from the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]], died in hospital at [[Eastbourne]] after a long illness.<ref>"Peter Baker dies: Prison ended his career in Commons", ''Liverpool Echo'', November 15, 1966, p.16</ref>
**[[Zengo Yoshida]], 81, Admiral of the Imperial Navy of Japan and former Japanese War Minister
**[[Steingrímur Steinþórsson]], 73, 11th [[Prime Minister of Iceland]] from 1950 to 1953

==[[November 15]], 1966 (Tuesday)==
[[File:Gemini 12 recovery.jpg|thumb|right|November 15, 1966: Aldrin and Lovell after landing aboard ''Wasp'']]
*At 2:21&nbsp;p.m., [[Gemini 12]], with [[James A. Lovell]] and [[Buzz Aldrin]], splashed down safely in the [[Atlantic Ocean]], {{convert|600|km|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[the Bahamas]], less than {{convert|3|mi}} from the prime recovery ship, the [[aircraft carrier]] {{USS|Wasp|CV-18}}, bringing an end to the [[Gemini program]] to make way for the [[Apollo program|Apollo crewed program]] set to land on the Moon.<ref name="Grimwood 2"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Final Gemini a Success |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 16, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> Both Gemini 12 astronauts, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin and James Lovell, would fly on Apollo missions.
*The second and most famous "[[Mothman]]" sighting took place when a pair of married couples in [[Point Pleasant, West Virginia]] reported seeing "a flying man with a 10-foot wingspan who flies after cars at 100 miles per hour".<ref>{{cite news |title='Moth Man' Sighted |agency=AP |newspaper=[[Beckley Post-Herald]] |location=[[Beckley, West Virginia]] |date=November 17, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> The experience of Steve and Mary Mallette and Roger and Linda Scarberry, along with subsequent sightings, would lead to a 1975 bestselling book by [[John Keel]], ''[[The Mothman Prophecies]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=IN FEAR OF THE UFO-BIRD: Is the dreaded mothman poised to strike again? |newspaper=[[San Antonio Express]] |date=February 18, 1975}}</ref> In 2002, a [[The Mothman Prophecies (film)|horror film of the same title]] would star [[Richard Gere]] and [[Debra Messing]] as the first people to witness the Mothman.<ref>{{cite news |title=Don't answer the call to this really annoying Gere thriller |newspaper=[[Santa Cruz Sentinel]] |location=[[Santa Cruz, California]] |date=January 25, 2002 |page=B-5}}</ref>
*The [[Pan American World Airways]] [[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-21]] cargo aircraft ''Clipper München'', operating as [[Pan Am Flight 708]], crashed in [[East Germany]] as it was making its approach to [[Tegel Airport]] in [[West Germany]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Fear Yank Jet Down in E. Germany |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 15, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> killing the three crew members, all of whom were Americans. The jet, carrying mail from [[Frankfurt]] to [[West Berlin]], was the first airliner to crash while using one of the air corridors that linked West Berlin to the rest of West Germany<ref>{{cite news |title=Jet Crashes in Soviet Zone; 3 Crewmen Die— Russians Silent About Pan-Am Wreckage |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 16, 1966 |pages=2–9}}</ref> and went down at a Soviet Army training ground near [[Dallgow-Döberitz]] in the [[Bezirk Potsdam]] district (now the German state of [[Brandenburg]]).
*The low-budget American horror film ''[[Manos: The Hands of Fate]]'' was released. Produced, written, directed and starring [[Harold P. Warren]], the movie would become a [[cult film|cult classic]] more than 25 years later as one of the selections for the [[Comedy Central]] series ''[[Mystery Science Theater 3000]]''.
*[[Harry Maurice Roberts]], the last member of a trio that had murdered three London policemen on [[August 1966|August 12]], was caught hiding on a farm near the town of [[Bishop's Stortford]] in [[Hertfordshire]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Harry Roberts to appear in court to-day |newspaper=[[Glasgow Herald]] |date=November 16, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Rachel True]], American television actress (''[[Half & Half]]''); in [[New York City]]

==[[November 16]], 1966 (Wednesday)==
*U.S. doctor [[Sam Sheppard]] was acquitted in his second trial for the murder of his pregnant wife in [[1954]]. The jury of seven men and five women spent nearly 12 hours deliberating before returning their verdict of not guilty at 10:18&nbsp;p.m.<ref>{{cite news |title=JURY ACQUITS SHEPPARD! |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 17, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> Sheppard, who had been in the Ohio State Penitentiary from 1955 until he was allowed to post a bond in 1964 while his conviction was being reviewed, was eligible to have his osteopathic medicine license restored.
*[[Otto Arosemena Gómez]], a [[Conservative Party (Ecuador)|Conservative Party]] candidate, was sworn into office as the new [[President of Ecuador]] by a 40–35 vote of the nation's Constituent Assembly, defeating [[Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party|Radical Liberal Party]] challenger [[1956 Ecuadorian general election|Raúl Clemente Huerta]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Arosemena Gómez, Nuevo Presidente de Ecuador |trans-title=Arosemena Gómez, New President of Ecuador |newspaper=[[El Tiempo (Colombia)|El Tiempo]] |location=[[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]] |date=November 17, 1966 |page=1 |language=es}}</ref> Arosemena, who succeeded [[Clemente Yerovi]], would serve as a caretaker President until September 1, 1968.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Ecuador— Heads of State |title=Heads of States and Governments Since 1945 |first=Harris M. |last=Lentz |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 |page=239}}</ref>
*In order to help pay for an estimated US$800 million for reconstruction from flooding, the cabinet of Prime Minister [[Aldo Moro]] of Italy voted for a 10 percent increase in income taxes for one year. The tax boost was expected to raise $264,000,000 and was supplemented by a 6 cent per gallon increase on the price of gasoline.<ref>{{cite news |title=Italy Boosts Taxes to Pay Flood Costs |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 16, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*Maurice J. Raffensperger of [[NASA]] announced the new criteria for design of an "interim [[space station]]" for the U.S., the Orbital Workshop, with a goal of launch by the beginning of [[1971]]. The station would need to be capable of spending at least two years in [[low Earth orbit]] and at created at a cost of no more than $200 million, possibly by using a spare [[S-IVB]] stage that could be "dry-launched" without major structural changes, along with a flight-qualified Apollo vehicle and a [[Manned Orbiting Laboratory]] hardware capable of one-year operation. For the second year, a long-duration "developmental systems" module would be attached to the original space station structure.<ref name="Brooks"/>
*In a major AAP mission planning session at [[Houston]], NASA officials [[George M. Low]] and Robert F. Thompson of Manned Space Center, and [[Eberhard F. M. Rees]] and Leland F. Belew of Manned Spaceflight Center,  established a joint approach for the first four Apollo Applications missions. SAA 209 and 210 would be primarily a crewed Workshop operation and SAA 211 and 212 would be a 56-day mission for orbital assembly operations and [[solar astronomy]].<ref name="Brooks"/>

==[[November 17]], 1966 (Thursday)==
*The Earth's orbit took it into the path of the debris of [[55P/Tempel–Tuttle|Comet Tempel–Tuttle]], providing the most spectacular display of meteors in 133 years. The [[Leonids]] shower peaked with a 20-minute display that began at 1155 UTC (4:55 in the morning at the [[Kitt Peak National Observatory]] in Arizona), where the meteors passed through the atmosphere at the rate of 40 per second.<ref>"Leonid Meteor Shower Provides Spectacular Show Over Tucson", ''Tucson (AZ) Daily Citizen'', November 17, 1966, p1</ref> The spectacle, anticipated as the "Show of the Century" and the largest shower of record since the Leonids of November 12 and 13, [[1833]].<ref>"Meteors May Put On Show Of Century", ''The Daily Mail'' (Hagerstown MD), November 16, 1966, p2-1</ref> However, overcast skies blocked the view for millions of other observers in the United States and Japan.<ref>"Leonid Meteor Shower Spectacle Disappointing", ''Dover (OH) Daily Reporter'', November 17, 1966, p6</ref> The 1966 event is still described as "the last primary maximum" of the Leonids.<ref>Mark Littmann, ''The Heavens on Fire: The Great Leonid Meteor Storms'' (Cambridge University Press, 1999) pp205-213</ref>
*[[Reita Faria]], a medical student who had won the [[Femina Miss India]] title, was crowned [[Miss World 1966|Miss World]] in London, becoming the first person from India to win the title. Faria told reporters that she had never appeared in a bathing suit prior to the world pageant. The 1966 competition marked the first time that a Communist nation sent a contestant, and Mikica Marinovic of Yugoslavia was the runner up.<ref>"Medical Student From India Wins 'Miss World' Title", ''Albuquerque (NM) Journal'', November 18, 1966, p1</ref><ref>"Bombay girl Miss World", ''The Indian Express'' (Madras), November 19, 1966, p1</ref>
*''[[Don't Drink the Water (play)|Don't Drink the Water]]'', the first full-length play written by comedian [[Woody Allen]], premiered on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]], opening at the [[Morosco Theatre]]. After a run of 598 performances on stage, it would be made into a [[Don't Drink the Water (1969 film)|1969 feature film]] and later as a 1994 made-for-television movie.<ref>Annette Wernblad, ''Brooklyn is Not Expanding: Woody Allen's Comic Universe'' (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1992) pp27</ref>
*The UN General Assembly passed Resolution 2152 (XXI), creating the [[United Nations Industrial Development Organization]] (UNIDO).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unido.org/who-we-are/brief-history|title=A brief history &#124; UNIDO|website=www.unido.org}}</ref><ref>Bob Reinalda, ''Routledge History of International Organizations: From 1815 to the Present Day'' (Routledge, 2009) p459</ref>
*'''Born:''' 
**[[Jeff Buckley]], American singer-songwriter and son of [[Tim Buckley]] (d. 1997); in [[Anaheim]], [[California]]
**[[Daisy Fuentes]], Cuban-American television star; in [[Havana]]
**[[Sophie Marceau]], French film actress; in [[Paris]]
[[File:JamesJabaraPortrait1940s.jpg|right|100px|thumb|Colonel Jabara]]
*'''Died:''' 
**U.S. Air Force Colonel [[James Jabara|James "Jabby" Jabara]], 43, American aviator, the first American jet fighter ace, was killed in a car crash along with his 16-year-old daughter, when the car in which he was riding overturned on the Florida Turnpike. Jabara, a veteran of World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War, had three distinguished flying crosses, 19 air medals and two distinguished service crosses.<ref>"Veteran Of Three Wars, 1st Jet Ace, Dies In Auto", ''Tucson (AZ) Daily Citizen'', November 18, 1966, p1</ref><ref>{{cite news|agency=[[United Press International|UPI]]|title=James Jabara, World's First Jet Plane Ace, Killed|work=[[Observer-Reporter|The Washington Reporter]], 18 November 1966|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=kOBdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2l4NAAAAIBAJ&dq=james-jabara&pg=908%2C2136735|access-date=28 July 2011}}</ref>
**[[:sq:Adem Reka|Adem Reka]], 38, Albanian dockworker who was posthumously proclaimed a "Hero of Socialist Labor" in [[Albania]], was killed saving his fellow workers from a loading crane vessel that capsized in a violent storm. A statue would be erected in his honor at [[Durrës]], pilgrimages were made to his shrine, and a postage stamp would be issued by the government for Reka, who was virtually unknown outside of the Communist nation.<ref>"From Religious to Secular and Back Again: Christian Pilgrimage Space in Albania", by Konstantinos Giakoumis, in ''Pilgrimage, Politics and Place-Making in Eastern Europe: Crossing the Borders'' (Ashgate Publishing, 2014) p111</ref>

==[[November 18]], 1966 (Friday)==
{{multiple image
|image1 =Philip Hannan.jpg|width1=100|caption1=Archbishop Hannan
|image2 =Pope Nicholas I.jpg|width2=100|caption2=Pope Nicholas I
}}
*Roman Catholics in the United States would no longer be required to abstain from meat on Fridays, as a national conference of U.S. Roman Catholic cardinals, archbishops and bishops voted in Washington to revoke a requirement of abstinence that had been in effect for 11 centuries. As part of the recognition of Friday as a day of penance, [[Pope Nicholas I]] had decreed in the [[9th century]] that adherents to Roman Catholic faith would be required to abstain from the eating of meat, although the consumption of fish on Fridays was permitted. Friday, December 2, 1966, would mark the first day that 45,000,000 American Roman Catholics could consume beef, chicken, pork, or other meats without violating Church doctrine. [[Philip Hannan]], Archbishop of New Orleans, and [[Clarence George Issenmann]], the Bishop of Cleveland, jointly made the announcement at a press conference.<ref>{{cite news |title=FRIDAY MEAT BAN LIFTED |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 19, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*Baseball pitching legend [[Sandy Koufax]] surprised the sporting world when he confirmed a report by ''[[The San Diego Union-Tribune|San Diego Union]]'' reporter [[Phil Collier]] that he was retiring from the sport at the height of his career, because of severe arthritis in his elbow. The story was front-page news, particularly in papers that covered Koufax's [[Los Angeles Dodgers]] team. Koufax, at the time the highest paid pitcher in the game's history, told a [[press conference]], "I've had a few too many shots and too many pills because of my arm trouble."<ref>{{cite news |title=Sandy Koufax Announces Retirement |newspaper=[[San Mateo Times]] |location=[[San Mateo, California]] |date=November 18, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> For the preceding 15 months, Collier had been keeping the secret that Koufax planned to quit baseball following the 1966 season, and Koufax returned the favor by giving Collier the chance to break the story.<ref>{{cite book |first=J.P. |last=Hoornstra |title=The 50 Greatest Dodgers Games of All Time |publisher=[[Riverdale Avenue Books]] |year=2015}}</ref> 
*U.S. Air Force Major [[William J. Knight]] flew the [[North American X-15]] to a record speed of Mach 6.33 (4,250&nbsp;mph, 6,840&nbsp;km/h).<ref>{{cite news |title=X-15 Rocket Palne Flashes to Speed Mark of 4,159 m.p.h. |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 19, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> Major Knight began the flight after he had climbed to an altitude of {{convert|98,000|ft}}, after the X-15 had been released by a B-52 over Mud Lake, Nevada, and covered a distance of {{convert|637|mi}} in nine minutes.
*J. Pemble Field, Jr., Director, Saturn/Apollo Applications Control, notified program officials in NASA Headquarters of Acting Director [[David M. Jones]]' decision to designate AAP missions in numerical sequence, starting with AAP-1 (rather than the former designation of S/AA-209).<ref name="Brooks"/>

==[[November 19]], 1966 (Saturday)==
[[File:Project Harp.jpg|120px|thumb|right|The HARP gun]]
*[[Project HARP]], the '''H'''igh '''A'''ltitude '''R'''esearch '''P'''roject and a collaboration of the U.S. and Canadian armed forces, achieved its highest success when it used a large cannon ("the HARP gun") to fire a projectile into outer space, though not into Earth orbit. The "[[Shell (projectile)|shell]]" was the [[Project HARP#Martlet projectiles|Martlet 3]] rocket, and the cannon, designed by [[Gerald Bull]], sent it to an altitude of {{convert|111|mi|km|abbr=off|sp=us}}. As a military historian would note in 2011, "It was, and remains, a world record for any fired projectile."<ref>{{cite book |first=Andrew B. |last=Godefroy |author-link=Andrew Godefroy |title=Defence and Discovery: Canada's Military Space Program, 1945-74 |publisher=University of British Columbia Press |year=2011 |page=65}}</ref>
[[File:Mike Kenney kicks field goal against Notre Dame (1966).jpg|right|200px|thumb|The 10–10 tie]]
*Billed as "[[1966 Notre Dame vs. Michigan State football game|The Game of the Century]]" for college football,<ref>{{cite news |title=IRISH AND SPARTANS SETTLE IT TODAY! |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 19, 1966 |page=2-1}}</ref> the meeting between the nation's two unbeaten and untied teams, #1 ranked Notre Dame Fighting Irish and the #2 ranked Michigan State Spartans, ended anti-climatically when the teams played to a 10–10 tie.<ref>{{cite news |title=Notre Dame and Spartans Tie, 10-10 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 20, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> Televised nationally, and witnessed by more viewers than any American football game, college or pro, before that time, the game ended in controversy. Notre Dame took over on its own 30-yard line with a little more than a minute left to play, and instead of risking a turnover, Notre Dame's coach ordered the team to run out the clock to preserve the tie, rather than to go for the win.<ref>{{cite book |first1=Fred |last1=Eisenhammer |first2=Eric B. |last2=Sondheimer |title=College Football's Most Memorable Games |publisher=McFarland |year=2010 |pages=66–67}}</ref>
*A planned invasion of [[Haiti]] by several hundred well-armed exiles was halted at the last moment after an intervention by the United States government. The force, led by Rolando Masferrer and Father Jean Baptiste Georges, was preparing to embark from [[Florida]] and was ready to overthrow the government of Haitian dictator [[Francois Duvalier|Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier]], and had raised $300,000 in donations, filled several warehouses in Miami with weapons, and had "a number of ships and four or five planes including one [[Martin B-26 Marauder|B-26]]". The B-26 bomber was prepared to bomb the capital, [[Port-au-Prince]], in advance of the invasion. U.S. government intervention had initially been held off because the exiles' plan was for "converting Haiti to a base for Cuban exile operations against Fidel Castro's communist Cuba".<ref>{{cite news |title=Exiles Give Up Haiti Invasion— U.S. Bars Seizure for Anti-Castro Base |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 24, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*More than 40 people were killed near [[Durban]], [[South Africa]], when their bus plummeted {{convert|200|ft}} down an embankment and landed in the rain-swollen [[Mdloti River]]. Another 31 were injured but rescued alive from the crash.<ref>{{cite news |title=40 Killed as Bus Plunges Into River |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 20, 1966 |page=3}}</ref>
*'''Born:'''
**[[Gail Devers]], American track and field athlete who overcame [[Graves' disease]] to become the women's world champion in both the 100-meter dash and the 100-meter hurdles, winning three Olympic gold medals, and world championships in 1993, 1995, 1997 and 1999; in [[Seattle]]
**[[Shmuley Boteach]], American rabbi and author best known for the book ''Kosher Sex: A Recipe for Passion and Intimacy'' (1999) and the film ''[[Kosher Jesus]]'' (2012); in [[Los Angeles]]
*'''Died:'''
**[[Mendel Balberyszski]], 72, Lithuanian-Polish historian and survivor of the Holocaust
**[[Arthur Haynes]], 52, English comedian, died from a heart attack.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/838493/index.html |title=British Film Institute ScreenOnline |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719001630/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/838493/index.html |archive-date= 19 July 2010 <!--DASHBot-->|url-status=live}}</ref>

==[[November 20]], 1966 (Sunday)==
*''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]'', one of the most popular musicals on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]], opened at the [[Broadhurst Theatre]]. In its initial run, the Tony Award-winning [[Kander and Ebb]] production would have 1,165 performances, and a 1998 revival would be staged 2,377 times.<ref>{{cite book |first=Keith |last=Garebian |title=The Making of Cabaret |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2011 |pages=115, 164}}</ref> 
*In what would later be described as "the first instance of a spacecraft imaging an archaeological site on the Moon", [[Lunar Orbiter 2]] photographed [[Ranger 8]] and its impact point in ''[[Mare Tranquillitatis]]'' (the "Sea of Tranquility").<ref>{{cite book |first=P.J. |last=Capelotti |title=The Human Archaeology of Space: Lunar, Planetary and Interstellar Relics of Exploration |publisher=McFarland |year=2010 |page=56}}</ref>
*Photographs were taken by [[Lunar Orbiter 2]] of the [[Xenoarchaeology#Planetary SETI|"Blair Cuspids"]], "an unusual arrangement of seven spirelike objects of varying heights" at the western edge of the ''Mare Tranquillitatis'', and a pattern that is cited in [[pseudoscience]] as the product of extraterrestrial intelligence.<ref>{{cite book |first=Louis |last=Proud |title=The Secret Influence of the Moon: Alien Origins and Occult Powers |publisher=Inner Traditions / Bear & Co |year=2013}}</ref> Reactions to the photo varied.<ref>"Six Mysterious Statuesque Shadows Photographed on the Moon by Orbiter", ''The Washington Post'', November 22, 1966; "Orbiter 2 Pictures 'Columns' on Moon", ''The New York Times'', November 23, 1966; "Orbiter Records Strange Pillars", ''Fitchburg (MA) Sentinel'', November 23, 1966, p13; "Orbiter photos reveal tall skinny pyramids", ''Redlands (CA) Daily Facts'', November 23, 1966, p5; "Protuberances Rise on Moon Like Stalagmites", ''Winona (MN) Daily News'', November 23, 1966, p2; "What Are Those Things Up There On The Moon?", ''Lawton (OK) Constitution'', November 23, 1966, p4</ref>
*In [[Cuba]], the Soviet Union won the [[17th Chess Olympiad]] in [[Havana]] for its eighth consecutive gold medal, with 39½ points to 34½ for the silver medalist, the United States. [[Tigran Petrosian]] of Russia had the highest winning percentage (88.46%) from 11½ wins out of 13 games, narrowly edging [[Bobby Fischer]] of the U.S. (88.23%) with 15 points out of 17 games.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russ Rook U.S. On Chess Play |newspaper=[[Salt Lake Tribune]] |location=[[Salt Lake City, Utah]] |date=November 21, 1966 |page=10A}}</ref>

==[[November 21]], 1966 (Monday)==
*[[Kotok-McCarthy#Match with ITEP|The first international computer chess competition between the United States and the Soviet Union]] began between the [[Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics]] at [[Moscow]], and [[Stanford University]] in [[Palo Alto, California]].<ref>{{cite news |title=U.S., Russia Open Computer Chess Contest |newspaper=[[San Rafael Independent-Journal]] |location=[[San Rafael, California]] |date=November 22, 1966 |page=7}}</ref> The Soviet [[Minsk family of computers|Minsk M-20]] computer had a program developed by a team led by [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]] and [[Vladimir Arlazarov]]; the [[Kotok-McCarthy]] program, created by [[Alan Kotok]] and [[John McCarthy (computer scientist)|John McCarthy]], used an [[IBM 7090]] computer.<ref name="Newborn">{{cite book |first=Monroe |last=Newborn |author-link=Monty Newborn |title=Computer Chess |publisher=[[Academic Press]] |year=2014 |page=30}}</ref> Four games were played simultaneously between the two computers, and the moves were [[correspondence chess|communicated by telegram]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Computer Chess Match May Take Year To Play |agency=AP |newspaper=[[Lebanon Daily News]] |location=[[Lebanon, Pennsylvania]] |date=November 25, 1966 |page=14}}</ref> It would not be until March 10, 1967, that the first result could be reported, when ITEP checkmated Kotok-McCarthy in 19 moves;<ref>{{cite news |title=Checkmate, Comrade |newspaper=[[Long Beach Independent]] |location=[[Long Beach, California]] |date=March 11, 1967 |page=1}}</ref> eventually, with two wins and two draws, ITEP defeated Stanford, 3–1.<ref name="Newborn"/>
*In [[Togo]], the nation's army crushed an attempted coup against the government of President [[Nicolas Grunitzky]]. Calling themselves "Congress Unite Togolaise", a 25-member group of insurgents seized the radio station in the capital, [[Lomé]]. [[Hubert Maga#Under Maga|Noe Kutuklui]], the coup leader and the group's spokesman, interrupted the music and told listeners, "The revolution has just begun. The Togolese people want their rights. The people want the immediate dissolution of the unpopular Grunitzky government and of parliament," then promised that "new and democratic elections will be held." By noon, the Togolese Army had taken back the station and Lieutenant Colonel [[Etienne Eyadema]] called on demonstrators to "go back to work".<ref>{{cite news |title='Mini-Revolt' Flares in Togo— Flops |newspaper=Salt Lake Tribune |location=Salt Lake City, Utah |date=November 21, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*[[Johns Hopkins Hospital]] of [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]], announced that it had opened its [[History of transgender care at Johns Hopkins Hospital|Gender Identity Clinic]] in [[July 1966|July]], and had started accepting applications for the first [[sex reassignment surgery]] in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |first=Betty W. |last=Steiner |author-link=Betty Steiner |title=Gender Dysphoria: Development, Research, Management |publisher=Springer |year=2013 |page=326}}</ref> The announcement came as a front-page story by reporter Thomas Buckley on the front page of ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=A Changing of Sex by Surgery Begun at Johns Hopkins— Johns Hopkins Becomes First U.S. Hospital to Undertake Program of Sex Change Through Surgery |newspaper=The New York Times |date=November 21, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Troy Aikman]], American NFL quarterback and member of the Pro Football and the College Football Halls of Fame; in [[West Covina, California]]

==[[November 22]], 1966 (Tuesday)==
*All 25 passengers and three crew of an [[Aden Airways]] [[Douglas DC-3|DC-3]] were killed in the assassination of Amir Mohammed bin Said, the deputy ruler of the Sultanate of [[Wahidi Haban|Wahidi]] in the [[Federation of South Arabia]]. A terrorist bomb exploded in the baggage compartment of the airplane before it took off from [[Mayfa'a District|Maifa'a]] on a flight to [[Khormaksar]]. When the plane reached an altitude of {{convert|6000|ft}}, the bomb detonated.<ref>Aaron Edwards, ''Mad Mitch's Tribal Law: Aden and the End of Empire'' (Random House, 2014)</ref><ref>Jin-Tai Choi, ''Aviation Terrorism: Historical Survey, Perspectives and Responses'' (Springer, 1993) p102</ref>
[[File:Jelle Zijlstra 1966.jpg|right|120px|thumb|Zijlstra]]
*Economics professor [[Jelle Zijlstra]] became the 42nd [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] after the October 14 vote of no confidence and subsequent resignation of Prime Minister [[Jo Cals]].<ref>"New Cabinet Set for Netherlands", AP report in ''Winona (MN) Daily News'', November 23, 1966, p31</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.absolutefacts.nl/politiek/data/zijlstrajelle1918.htm Jelle Zijlstra (1918-2001) Biografie], Absolutefacts.nl, February 19, 2005</ref>
*'''Died:''' 
**[[Moises Frumencio da Costa Gomez]], 59, the first [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles]], from 1951 to 1954.
**[[Émile Drain]], 76, French film actor

==[[November 23]], 1966 (Wednesday)==
*A group of businessmen in [[Seattle]] held a press conference to announce their plans to create a {{convert|976|acre|mi2|abbr=off|adj=on}} [[artificial island]], followed by a [[micronation]] called "[[Taluga (country)|Taluga]]", on the [[Cortes Bank]], 97 miles off of the coast of [[San Diego, California]]. The plans of the O.S.D. Company were to spend $8,800,000 to transport rock and topsoil from Mexico to the site, followed by another $5,000,000 for infrastructure and buildings. The new nation, placed outside of U.S. territorial waters, would have a capital ("Aurora"), and a resort area ("Triana") and a port ("Bonaventura").<ref>"High Life on High Seas", ''Long Beach (CA) Independent'', November 24, 1966, p4</ref> The plans for Taluga and similar artificial island ventures would become moot in April when a federal district attorney, Edwin Miller, pointed out that the Cortes Bank was on the [[continental shelf]] off the shore of the United States, and therefore American territory under the [[Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899]].<ref>"Regent Took Investments Underwarter", ''Corpus Christi (TX) Caller-Times'', April 16, 1967, p8-B</ref>
*[[1966 New York City smog|Smog]] began to cover New York City and its surrounding areas during the Thanksgiving holiday weekend, filling the city's air with damaging levels of several toxic pollutants.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1966/11/25/archives/smog-here-nears-the-danger-point-patients-warned-air-gets-purer.html "Smog Here Nears the Danger Point]; Patients Warned; Air Gets Purer During Day, but Pollution Rises Again to a High in Evening", ''The New York Times'', November 25, 1966, p.1</ref><ref>"Smog Emergency Called for City; Relief Expected", ''The New York Times'', November 26, 1966, p.1</ref><ref>Smog would continue to affect the city's air until November 26."Smog Swept Away by Cool Air Mass; Emergency Ended", ''The New York Times'', November 27, 1966, p.1</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Vincent Cassel]], French film actor, son of [[Jean-Pierre Cassel]]; in [[Paris]]
*'''Died:'''
**[[Seán T. O'Kelly]], 84, the second [[President of Ireland]], who presided from 1945 to 1959
**[[Alvin Langdon Coburn]], 84, American-born Welsh photographer

==[[November 24]], 1966 (Thursday)==
*All 82 people on board [[TABSO Flight 101]], a Bulgarian airliner, were killed when the [[Ilyushin Il-18|Ilyushin Il-18B]] crashed in the foothills of the [[Little Carpathians]], two minutes after takeoff from [[Bratislava]] in  [[Czechoslovakia]]. The turboprop plane was partway through its multi-stop flight from [[Sofia]] to [[East Berlin]], and was between [[Budapest]] and [[Prague]] when bad weather forced it to make an unscheduled landing at Bratislava.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fear Big Toll in Air Crash at Czech City— 84 Aboard Before Emergency Stop |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 25, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> Among the dead were 50-year-old [[Honduras|Honduran]] writer and journalist [[Ramón Amaya Amador]]<ref>{{cite book |url=http://ark.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121201903 |title=Notice de personne "Amaya Amador, Ramón (1916-1966)" |trans-title=Person notice "Amaya Amador, Ramón (1916-1966)" |date=January 26, 2006 |publisher=[[Bibliothèque nationale de France]] |language=fr |access-date=July 22, 2022}}</ref> and [[flight attendant]] Svetla Georgieva, who 18 days earlier had married the Bulgarian sports official [[Ivan Slavkov]]. The crash remains the deadliest aviation accident in the history of [[Slovakia]].
*[[The Beatles]] began recording their classic ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' album, starting with "[[Strawberry Fields Forever]]".<ref>{{cite book |first=Anthony |last=Aldgate |title=Windows On the Sixties: Exploring Key Texts of Media and Culture |publisher=[[I.B.Tauris]] |year=2000 |page=143}}</ref>

==[[November 25]], 1966 (Friday)==
*During an ongoing [[1966 New York City smog|smog event]], [[New York City]] was placed under a "first-stage alert" by New York Governor [[Nelson Rockefeller]] because of heavy [[air pollution]] that had been held over the metropolitan area by a stagnant air mass. Residents were ordered to drive "only when necessary", to maintain minimum temperatures in all buildings heated by oil or coal, to avoid open fires and to not run incinerators until the alert ended. The alert was triggered by [[smog]] that had risen to 400% above normal levels on Thanksgiving Day, measured at 0.5 parts per million of [[sulphur dioxide]], nine parts per million of [[carbon monoxide]] and 7.5 parts per million of haze for four consecutive hours.<ref>"Smog Emergency Called for City", ''The New York Times'', November 25, 1966, p1</ref><ref>"SMOG CHOKES EAST U.S.", ''Tucson (AZ) Daily Citizen'', November 25, 1966, p1</ref> The days of smog were later credited with causing 169 additional deaths in New York City, lower than the estimate for a prior period in November 1953.<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/post/the-killer-london-smog-event-of-december-1952-a-reminder-of-deadly-smog-events-in-us/2012/12/19/452c66bc-498e-11e2-b6f0-e851e741d196_blog.html  "The killer London smog event of December 1952: a reminder of deadly smog events in U.S."], by Steve Tracton, ''The Washington Post'', December 20, 2012</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Billy Burke (actor)|Billy Burke]], American film and television actor; in [[Bellingham, Washington]]

==[[November 26]], 1966 (Saturday)==
{{multiple image
|image1 =Harold Holt 1965 01.jpg|width1=100|caption1=Australian PM Holt
|image2 =Keith Holyoake (crop).jpg|width2=105|caption2=New Zealand PM Holyoake
}}
*In the [[1966 Australian federal election|Australian federal election]], viewed as a popular referendum on Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War, [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]] [[Harold Holt]] stayed in office as the coalition of his [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal Party]] and the [[National Party of Australia|Australian Country Party]] increased its majority in the 124-member [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]. With a gain of 10 seats, the Liberal/Country coalition had 82 seats, while the [[Australian Labor Party]] of [[Arthur Calwell]] lost nine.<ref>"Lib.-CP expect record 33 majority", ''The Age'' (Melbourne), November 28, 1966, p1</ref>
*On the same day, in the [[1966 New Zealand general election|New Zealand parliamentary election]], [[Keith Holyoake]] remained [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|Prime Minister]], as his  [[New Zealand National Party|National Party]] lost only one seat. The National Party retained 44 of the 80 seats in the [[New Zealand House of Representatives]], and the [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]] of [[Norman Kirk]] had no change, with 35 seats. For the first time in more than 20 years, a third party, the [[Social Credit Party (New Zealand)|Social Credit Party]], had a parliamentary seat, as [[Vernon Cracknell]] took the electorate of Hobson from National's Logan Sloane.<ref>"New Zealand Gives Support To Holyoake", ''Montreal Gazette'', November 28, 1966, p1</ref>
*Led by Prime Minister [[Lester B. Pearson]], the [[Cabinet of Canada]] voted to create the [[Order of Canada]]. Pearson would state later that "I pointed out to my colleagues that nearly all countries of the world, excepting Switzerland, had some system of honors and awards" for civilians. Although the [[Canada Medal]] had been created in 1943 for that purpose, it had never been awarded (and never would be, after the Cabinet voted to abolish it).<ref>Lester B. Pearson, "Mike: The Memoirs of Rt. Hon. Lester B. Pearson, Volume Three: 1957-1968" (University of Toronto Press, 1975) p303</ref>  
*At Empire Stadium in Vancouver, the [[54th Grey Cup]] was "Roughriders vs. Rough Riders" as the [[Saskatchewan Roughriders]] broke a 14–14 tie in the final quarter with two touchdowns and a single for a 29–14 win over the [[Ottawa Rough Riders]], winning the Cup for the first time in team history.<ref>"Saskatchewan Wins Grey Cup For First Time", ''Montreal Gazette'', November 28, 1966, p13</ref>
*'''Born:''' [[Garcelle Beauvais]], Haitian-born American television actress known for ''[[The Jamie Foxx Show]]''; in [[Saint-Marc]]
*'''Died:'''
**[[Norval Baptie]], 87, Canadian-born American professional skater. In 1912, he held the world records for speed skating at 440 yards, one-half mile, and one mile (2 minutes, 8 seconds).<ref>''1912 Brooklyn Daily Eagle Almanac'', p533</ref>
**[[Siegfried Kracauer]], 77, German philosopher and cultural theorist
**[[Oliver Morton Dickerson]], 91, American historian

==[[November 27]], 1966 (Sunday)==
*Voters in [[Uruguay]] turned out for what the Associated Press called "[[1966 Uruguayan constitutional referendum|just about the most complicated election Latin America has yet seen]]", a referendum on the nation's constitution. In addition to deciding among five possibilities (keeping the existing council of government, or four separate presidential proposals marked by an orange, yellow, pink or gray ballot), the voters also had to decide on an alternative set of leaders, depending on which system went into place. This meant voting for nine members of the [[National Council of Government (Uruguay)|National Council]], if the council system remained, as well as for a [[President of Uruguay]] in case a presidential system was approved. Moreover, the voters had to pick their representatives in both houses of the legislature, provincial executives and legislators, mayors and local officials, and a ballot had to have at least 12 choices in order to be valid. Finally, the vote would not count unless at least 35% of the registered voters participated and unless one of the choices won an absolute majority.<ref>"Uruguay Ballot Staggers Brain", ''Abilene (TX) Reporter-News'', November 27, 1966, pB-1</ref> Ultimately, the old system was rejected, the "Reforma Naranja" (orange proposal for a presidential system) got 65% of the vote, and [[Óscar Diego Gestido]] was selected as the nation's first President since 1951.<ref>"Uruguayan Voters Scrap 15 Years Of Swiss-Style Rule By Committee", ''Danville (VA) Register'', November 29, 1966, p5</ref><ref name=DD>[https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&langpair=de%7Cen&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sudd.ch%2Fevent.php%3Flang%3Dde%26id%3Duy011966 Uruguay, 27 November 1966: Constitution] Direct Democracy {{in lang|en}}</ref> 
*The [[Washington Redskins]] defeated the [[New York Giants]] 72–41 in the highest scoring game in [[NFL]] history.<ref>"New York 'Defense' Drubbed By Redskins in 72-41 Romp", ''Oshkosh (WI) Daily Northwestern'', November 28, 1966, p18</ref> Washington led 13–0 after one quarter, 34–14 at halftime, and 48–28 after three quarters. The 113 points came from 16 touchdowns, 14 conversions and, with three seconds left, a field goal by Charlie Gogolak, on orders from Redskins coach Otto Graham. "In a crazy game like this," Graham said, "what's another three points?"<ref>"Would You Believe 'Skins 72, Giants 41?", ''La Crosse Tribune'', November 28, 1966, p8</ref>
*William J. Barnes shot a rookie Philadelphia policeman, Walter Barclay, Jr., during a burglary, leaving Barclay partially paralyzed.<ref>"Policeman Shot In Gun Fight With Burglar Suspect", ''Franklin (PA) News-Herald'', November 28, 1966, p3</ref> Almost 41 years later, after Barclay's death from a urinary tract infection on August 19, 2007, Barnes would be indicted for murdering a police officer. A jury would acquit Barnes in 2010, concluding that the prosecution failed to prove a direct link between the 1966 shooting and the 2007 infection.<ref>Cliff Roberson and Elena Azaola Garrido, ''Deviant Behavior'' (CRC Press, 2015) p110</ref>
*Reclusive billionaire [[Howard Hughes]] moved from Boston to [[Las Vegas]], where he leased the top two floors of the [[Desert Inn]]. Never venturing downstairs, Hughes would buy the hotel in 1967 and live there for several years before moving onward.<ref>Douglas Wellman, Mark Musick, ''Boxes: The Secret Life of Howard Hughes'' (BQB Publishing, 2016)</ref><ref>"Howard Hughes ill, in seclusion in Las Vegas", UPI report in ''Redlands (CA) Daily Facts'', December 1, 1966, p1</ref><ref>"Millionaire Howard Hughes Buys Desert Inn of Vegas", ''Salt Lake (UT) Tribune'', March 15, 1967, p6</ref>

==[[November 28]], 1966 (Monday)==
*King [[Ntare V of Burundi]] was overthrown by his Prime Minister, Army Captain [[Michel Micombero]], who had helped him plot the coup that deposed Ntare's father, [[Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng of Burundi|King Mwambutsa IV]], less than five months earlier. The 18-year-old King and the 26-year-old Prime Minister had been friends when Micombero suggested that they take over the nation together. Micombero, a member of the [[Tutsi]] tribe, abolished the monarchy and declared himself to be the first [[President of Burundi]]. He would then begin a campaign to purge all [[Hutu]] tribesmen from the government, ultimately leading to the First [[Ikiza|Burundian Genocide]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Micombero, Michel |encyclopedia=A Biographical Encyclopedia of Contemporary Genocide: Portraits of Evil and Good |first=Paul R. |last=Bartrop |author-link=Paul R. Bartrop |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2012 |page=210}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first1=Jeffrey |last1=Dixon |first2=Meredith Reid |last2=Sarkees |title=Guide to Intrastate Wars: A Handbook on Civil Wars |publisher=[[Congressional Quarterly Press]] |year=2012 |page=622}}</ref> The coup was bloodless, as King Ntare V was out of the country, visiting [[Kinshasa]] in the Congo.<ref>{{cite news |title=Army Takes Over Burundi In Coup; Deposes Teen King |newspaper=Bridgeport Post |location=Bridgeport, Connecticut |date=November 29, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*[[Truman Capote]]'s [[Black and White Ball]], which would be referred to in 1999, by ''[[The New York Times]]'', as one of "10 Parties That Shook The Century",<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/26/style/10-parties-that-shook-the-century.html?pagewanted=all |title=10 Parties That Shook The Century |first=Penelope |last=Green |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 26, 1999}}</ref> was held in New York City at the Grand Ballroom of the [[Plaza Hotel]].<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Truman Capote |title=Fade to Black: A Book of Movie Obituaries |first=Paul |last=Donnelley |publisher=[[Music Sales Group]] |year=2003 |page=137}}</ref> The 480 guests at the [[masquerade ball]] included matron of honor [[Katharine Graham]], [[Frank Sinatra]] and [[Mia Farrow]], [[Jacob Javits]], [[Norman Mailer]], [[Joan Fontaine]], [[Penelope Tree]], [[Lauren Bacall]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-inside-story-of-truman-capotes-masked-ball-475551.html |first=Deborah |last=Davis |title=The inside story of Truman Capote's masked ball |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=25 April 2006 |access-date=16 November 2014}}</ref> and three daughters of U.S. Presidents ([[Alice Roosevelt Longworth]], [[Lynda Bird Johnson]] and [[Margaret Truman Daniel]]).<ref>{{cite news |title=Author's Posh Bash One for the Books |newspaper=Amarillo Globe-Times |location=Amarillo, Texas |date=November 29, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> More than 40 years later, the event would be recounted in a book entitled ''Party of the Century''.<ref>{{cite book |first=Deborah |last=Davis |title=Party of the Century: The Fabulous Story of Truman Capote and His Black and White Ball |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=2010}}</ref>
*The [[Soyuz programme|''Soyuz'' program]] began in the Soviet Union with the unmanned launch of a new series of space vehicles. In order to disguise the mission's true purpose, the launch was initially referred to as [[Kosmos 133]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Rex |last1=Hall |first2=David |last2=Shayler |title=Soyuz: A Universal Spacecraft |publisher=Springer |year=2003 |page=85}}</ref> Eventually, the first capsule would be automatically destroyed in orbit after experiencing problems with its orientation system.<ref>{{cite book |first=Dominic |last=Phelan |title=Cold War Space Sleuths: The Untold Secrets of the Soviet Space Program |publisher=Springer |year=2012 |page=67}}</ref> Nearly fifty years later, Soyuz rockets would continue to be flown, by the Russian Space Agency, as a shuttle to the [[International Space Station]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.space.com/32129-russian-soyuz-parachutes-through-clouds-photo.html |title=Home Again, At Last: Soyuz Capsule Brings Astronauts to Earth |first=Christine |last=Lunsford |website=[[Space.com]] |date=March 2, 2016}}</ref>

==[[November 29]], 1966 (Tuesday)==
[[File:Daniel J. Morell in 1936 inside the Soo Locks.jpg|200px|thumb|SS ''Daniel J. Morrell'']]
*The [[Great Lakes]] [[Lake freighter|ore freighter]] {{SS|Daniel J. Morrell}} sank in a storm on [[Lake Huron]], killing 28 of its 29 crewmen. Gale-force winds broke the {{convert|600|foot|adj=on}} ship into two sections at 2:30 in the morning near [[Harbor Beach, Michigan]], before a distress call could be sent. Dennis Hale, the lone survivor, was rescued after 36 hours in a life raft during near freezing weather after the ship failed to arrive as scheduled. He and three other crewmen had been the only ones able to get onto a life raft before the ''Morrell'' sank, but his companions died of hypothermia.<ref>{{cite news |title=SHIP SINKS IN LAKE; 32 DIE |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=December 1, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
[[File:孔子聖蹟圖.png|right|120px|thumb|Confucius (551 BC–479 BC)]]
*Twenty-four centuries after his death in 479 BC, the tomb of the Chinese philosopher [[Confucius]] (K'ung Fu-tzu) was destroyed by members of the [[Red Guards (China)|Red Guards]] in [[Qufu]] in China's [[Shandong Province]]. The teachings of Confucius had come under criticism during the [[Cultural Revolution]] as a symbol of China's feudal past, and the students destroyed his statue and a memorial tablet, then dug up his grave "only to find nothing inside it".<ref>{{cite book |author=Jun Jing |title=The Temple of Memories: History, Power, and Morality in a Chinese Village |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |year=1998 |page=179}}</ref>

==[[November 30]], 1966 (Wednesday)==
*The existence of "[[Gatorade]]" was revealed to readers of the ''[[Miami Herald]]'' by sports columnist Neil Amdur, after Amdur had noticed that the [[1966 Florida Gators football team|University of Florida Gators football team]] had been drinking from what appeared to be milk cartons. Surprised, Amdur asked coach [[Ray Graves]], "Are you giving your players milk?" and Graves showed him the beverage and said, "No. We've been fooling around with this stuff for a while now," then told him about the invention of Florida medical professor [[Robert Cade]]. Days after the game, Amdur's story, headlined "Florida's Pause That Refreshes: 'Nip of Gatorade'".<ref>{{cite book |first=Darren |last=Rovell |author-link=Darren Rovell |title=First in Thirst: How Gatorade Turned the Science of Sweat Into a Cultural Phenomenon |publisher=[[AMACOM]] |year=2005 |page=33}}</ref> The story was soon spread across the U.S. by [[United Press International]] about the team's "bitter beverage... designed to keep the players from wearing down as they lose body fluid on a hot day",.<ref>{{cite news |title='Gatorade' To Keep Florida Fired Up |newspaper=[[Pittsburgh Press]] |date=December 15, 1966 |page=65}}</ref> The beverage itself would be marketed nationwide in 1967.
*The United States, South Vietnam, and their other allies in the Vietnam War agreed to a proposal from the Viet Cong and from North Vietnam for three cease fires to coincide with holidays. All fighting would halt from 7:00&nbsp;a.m., Christmas Eve, until 7:00&nbsp;a.m. on December 26, as well as from the morning of New Year's Eve until the morning of January 2, 1967. In addition, there would be a four-day ceasefire during the 1967 [[Tết]] holidays, celebrated in both North Vietnam and South Vietnam, that marked the traditional start of the Vietnamese new year, with a truce to last between February 8 and February 12, 1967.<ref>{{cite news |title=ALLIES O.K. TRUCES IN VIET— Set up 48-Hour Lulls over Yule, New Year |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=November 30, 1966 |page=1}}</ref> A similar cease-fire a year later, during the Tết holiday of 1968, would be broken by the Viet Cong during the [[Tet Offensive]].
*At a meeting of the [[American Medical Association]] in [[Las Vegas]], Dr. Ralph Greenson, a psychiatry professor at UCLA, told his fellow physicians of a university survey that found that more than 100 people wanted to [[transgender|change their gender]]. "What is shocking," said Dr. Greenson, "is that this is more widespread than was believed." He also noted that American males were becoming "indifferent to sex", blaming the increased assertiveness of women as something that "repulses some males". "It's horrifying," he told his audience, "a danger to the future of the human race. Our only hope is that basic instincts will eventually win out, that a true equality of the sexes will emerge, and sex will be fun again."<ref>{{cite news |title=Finds Men Losing Sex Drive; Gender Switch Sought, Says Doctor |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=December 1, 1966 |page=1A-6}}</ref>
*[[Barbados]] was granted independence from the United Kingdom after 341 years, following the passage of the [[Barbados Independence Act 1966]].<ref>{{UK-LEG|type=ukpga|path=/ukpga/1966/37|title=Barbados Independence Act 1966}}</ref> Present at the flag raising ceremonies in [[Bridgetown]] were [[Prince Edward, Duke of Kent]], appearing on behalf of his cousin, Queen Elizabeth II, and [[Earl Warren]], Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.<ref>{{cite news |title=Barbados Gains Its Independence; British Rule Ends After 300 Years |newspaper=[[Bridgeport Telegram]] |location=Bridgeport, Connecticut |date=November 30, 1966 |page=3}}</ref> Prime Minister [[Errol Barrow]] said that he wanted his Caribbean island nation to be the first British Commonwealth Member to join the Organization of American States.
*NASA released three high resolution photographs, taken by Lunar Explorer 2, that showed the depth of [[lunar craters]], giving an unprecedented "[[bird's-eye view]]" that had been taken on November 23 of details of the [[Copernicus (lunar crater)|Copernicus crater]]. The crater itself, {{convert|60|mi}} in diameter and {{convert|2|mi}} deep, can be seen clearly from the Earth with binoculars. The photos also showed the [[Montes Carpatus]] mountain range and the [[Gay-Lussac (crater)|Gay-Lussac promontory]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Moon Crater Seen as Wasteland— NASA Releases High-Detail Photos |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=December 1, 1966 |page=1}}</ref>
*NASA Headquarters announced the appointment of Charles W. Mathews, [[Gemini Program]] Manager at MSC, to the post of Director of Saturn/Apollo Applications, replacing Acting Director David M. Jones. Mathews assumed direction of the agency's effort to use Apollo vehicles to extend scientific and technical exploration of space.<ref name="Brooks"/>
*'''Born:'''
**[[Andy Parsons]], English comedian and writer; in [[Weymouth, Dorset]] 
**[[David Nicholls (writer)|David Nicholls]], English novelist; in [[Eastleigh]], [[Hampshire]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Events by month links}}

[[Category:November 1966| ]]
[[Category:November by year|1966]]
[[Category:Months in the 1960s|*1966-11]]