View source for North 24 Parganas district

{{Short description|District in West Bengal, India}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = North 24 Parganas
| native_name        = {{native_name|bn|Uttor Chobbish Pôrgônā Jelā}}
| other_name         = 
| settlement_type    = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]
| image_skyline      = {{Photomontage
|photo1a = Mangal Pandey Park, Barrackpore.jpg
|photo2a = Dakshineswar Temple1.jpg
|photo2b = Thakurnagar Matua Mahasangha and Thakur Bari Temple 13.jpg
|photo3a = Chandraketugarh Mound - Berachampa 2012-02-24 2525.JPG
|photo3b = Ruined Lal Masjid in Berachampa 24.jpg
|photo4a = BRkM-3.jpg
|size = 300
|foot_montage = Clockwise from top-left: [[Mangal Pandey]] Park in [[Barrackpore]] Cantonment, [[Matua Mahasangha]] headquarters in [[Thakurnagar]], Lal Masjid in [[Berachampa]], [[Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School|Baranagar Ramakrishna Mission]], [[Chandraketugarh]], [[Dakshineswar Kali Temple|Dakshineswar Kali temple]]
}}
| image_map                = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|id=Q338425 |stroke-colour=#C60C30|stroke-width=2|text=Interactive Map Outlining North 24 Parganas District}}
| image_map1          = North 24 Parganas in West Bengal (India).svg
| mapsize            = 300
| map_caption1        = Location of North 24 Parganas district in West Bengal
| coordinates        = {{coord|22.72|N|88.48|E|display=title,inline|type:adm2nd_region:IN-WB|format=dms}}
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Presidency division|Presidency]]
| seat_type          = Headquarters
| seat               = [[Barasat]]
| leader_title       = [[List of subdivisions of West Bengal|Subdivisions]]
| leader_name        = [[Bidhannagar subdivision|Bidhannagar]], [[Barrackpore subdivision|Barrackpore]], [[Barasat Sadar subdivision|Barasat Sadar]], [[Bangaon subdivision|Bangaon]], [[Basirhat subdivision|Basirhat]]
| leader_title1      = [[Community Development Block|CD Blocks]]
| leader_name1       = [[Rajarhat (community development block)|Rajarhat]], [[Barrackpore I]], [[Barrackpore II]], [[Barasat I]], [[Barasat II]], [[Amdanga (community development block)|Amdanga]], [[Deganga (community development block)|Deganga]], [[Habra I]], [[Habra II]], [[Bagdah (community development block)|Bagdah]], [[Bangaon (community development block)|Bangaon]], [[Gaighata (community development block)|Gaighata]], [[Baduria (community development block)|Baduria]], [[Swarupnagar (Community development block)|Swarupnagar]], [[Basirhat I]], [[Basirhat II]], [[Haroa (community development block)|Haroa]], [[Minakhan (community development block)|Minakhan]], [[Hasnabad (community development block)|Hasnabad]], [[Sandeshkhali I (Community development block)|Sandeshkhali I]], [[Sandeshkhali II (Community development block)|Sandeshkhali II]], [[Hingalganj (community development block)|Hingalganj]]
| leader_title2      = [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2       = [[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangaon]], [[Barrackpore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Barrackpore]], [[Dum Dum (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum]], [[Barasat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Barasat]], [[Basirhat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Basirhat]]
| leader_title3      = [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3       = [[Bagdah (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bagdah]], [[Bangaon Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bangaon Uttar]], [[Bangaon Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bangaon Dakshin]], [[Gaighata (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gaighata]], [[Swarupnagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Swarupnagar]], [[Baduria (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Baduria]], [[Habra (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Habra]], [[Ashoknagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ashoknagar]], [[Amdanga (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Amdanga]], [[Bijpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bijpur]], [[Naihati (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Naihati]], [[Bhatpara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Bhatpara]], [[Jagatdal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Jagatdal]], [[Noapara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Noapara]], [[Barrackpore (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barrackpore]], [[Khardaha (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Khardaha]], [[Dum Dum Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum Uttar]], [[Panihati (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Panihati]], [[Kamarhati (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kamarhati]], [[Baranagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Baranagar]], [[Dum Dum (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum]], [[Madhyamgram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Madhyamgram]], [[Barasat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Barasat]], [[Rajarhat New Town (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajarhat New Town]], [[Bidhannagar Assembly constituency|Bidhannagar]], [[Rajarhat Gopalpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Rajarhat Gopalpur]], [[Deganga (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Deganga]], [[Haroa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Haroa]], [[Minakhan (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Minakhan]], [[Sandeshkhali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sandeshkhali]], [[Basirhat Dakshin (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Basirhat Dakshin]], [[Basirhat Uttar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Basirhat Uttar]], [[Hingalganj (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Hingalganj]]
| total_type         = Total
| area_total_km2     = 4094
| area_footnotes     = 
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_total   = 10,009,781
| population_footnotes = 
| population_urban   = 5,732,162
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1       = Demographics
| demographics1_title1     = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1      = 84.95 per cent
| demographics1_title2     = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| demographics1_info2      = 949 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| demographics_type2       = Languages
| demographics2_title1     = Official
| demographics2_info1      = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2     = Additional&nbsp;official
| demographics2_info2      = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1          = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1        = +05:30
| website            = {{URL|http://www.north24parganas.gov.in/}}
}}

'''North 24 Parganas''' (abv. '''24 PGS (N)''') or sometimes '''North Twenty Four Parganas''' is a district in southern [[West Bengal]], of eastern India. North 24 Parganas extends in the [[tropical zone]] from [[latitude]] 22° 11′ 6″ north to 23° 15′ 2″ north and from longitude 88º20' east to 89º5' east.  [[Barasat]] is the district headquarters of North 24 Parganas. North 24 Parganas is West Bengal's most populous district<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: North 24 Parganas |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1348/download/4406/DH_2011_1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH_TWENTY_FOUR_PARGANAS.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> and also (since 2014) the most populated district in the whole of India. It is the tenth-largest district in the State by area.

==History==

===Pre-independence===
The territory of Greater 24 Parganas were under the [[Saptagram|Satgaon]] (ancient Saptagram, now in Hoogly district) administration during the [[Mughal era]] and later it was included in Hoogly chakla (district under post-Mughal Nawabi rule) during the rule of [[Murshid Quli Khan]]. In 1757, after the [[Battle of Plassey]], Nawab [[Mir Jafar]] conferred the Zamindari of 24 parganas and janglimahals (small administrative units) upon the [[British East India Company]]. These Parganas are: 1. Akbarpur, 2. Amirpur, 3. Asimabad, 4. Balia, 5. Baridhati, 6. Basandhari, 7. Birati, 8. Calcutta, 9. Dakshin Sagar, 10. Garh, 11. Hathiagarh, 12. Ikhtiarpur, 13. Kharijuri, 14. Khaspur, 15. Maidanmal or Mednimall, 16. Magura, 17. Mayda, 18. Manpur, 19. Murnagacha, 20. Paika, 21. Pechakul, 22. Satal, 23. Shahnagar, 24. Shahpur, and 25. Uttar Pargana (O'Mally, L.S.S. (1914) Bengal District Gazetteers: 24 Parganas. Page 44). Since then, this entire territory is known as '24 Parganas'.

In 1751, the Company assigned [[John Zephaniah Holwell]] as [[zemindar]] of the District.<ref>McCabe, Joseph (1920) "Holwell, John Zephaniah", ''A biographical dictionary of modern rationalists'', Watts & Co., London, pp. 356–357, p. 357, {{OCLC|262462698}}.</ref> In 1759, after the [[Battle of Plassey|Bengali War]] of 1756–1757, the Company assigned it to [[Robert Clive|Lord Clive]] as a personal Jaghir (zamindari) and after his death it again came under the direct authority of the company.

In 1793, during the rule of [[Lord Cornwallis]], entire [[Sunderbans]] were in Twentyfour Parganas. In 1802, some parganas on the western banks of river Hoogly were included into it. These parganas were in [[Nadia district|Nadia]] earlier. In 1814, a separate collectorate was established in Twenty-four Parganas. In 1817, Falta and [[Baranagar]] and in 1820, some portions of Nadia's Balanda and Anwarpur were encompassed to it. In 1824, portions of [[Barasat]], [[Khulna]] and Bakhargunge (now in Bangladesh) were also included to it. In 1824, the district headquarters was shifted from Kolkata to Baruipur, but in 1828, it was removed to [[Alipore]]. In 1834, the district was split into two districts – Alipore and Barasat, but later these were united again.

In 1905, some portion of this district around the Sunderbans was detached and linked to Khulna and [[Barisal]]. These parts remained in [[Bangladesh]] territories where [[Jessore]]'s Bangaon was joined to Twentyfour Pargana after the 1947 partition.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}}

===After Independence===
In 1980, an administrative reform committee under the chairmanship of Dr. [[Ashok Mitra]] suggested splitting the district into two and as per the recommendation of the committee in 1983, on 1 March 1986, two new districts – North 24 Parganas (24 PGS (N)) and [[South 24 Parganas]] (24 PGS (S)) were created.
The North 24 Parganas which was included in the [[Presidency division]] has been formed with five sub-divisions of the Greater 24 Parganas, namely [[Barasat Sadar subdivision|Barasat Sadar]] (Headquarters), [[Barrackpore subdivision|Barrackpore]], [[Basirhat subdivision|Basirhat]], [[Bangaon subdivision|Bangaon]], and [[Bidhannagar subdivision|Bidhannagar]] (a satellite township of Kolkata, popularly known as Salt Lake).

On 1 August 2022, the [[Chief Minister of West Bengal]] [[Mamata Banerjee]] announced to create two more districts named [[Ichamati district]] consisting of [[Bangaon subdivision]] and a yet unnamed district consisting of [[Basirhat subdivision]] by bifurcating the district for better development and smooth administration purpose.<ref>{{cite news |title=West Bengal to get 7 new districts, announces CM Mamata Banerjee |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/west-bengal-to-get-7-new-districts-announces-cm-mamata-banerjee-11659346022057.html |access-date=3 August 2022 |work=LiveMint |date=1 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

==Geography==
The district lies within the [[Ganga]]–[[Brahmaputra]] delta. The major distributary of river [[Ganga]] that is river [[Hooghly River|Hooghly]] flows along the western border of the district. There are many other distributary branches, sub-branches of Ganga river and other local rivers, which include the [[Ichamati River|Ichhamati]], [[Jamuna River (West Bengal)|Jamuna]], and [[Bidyadhari River|Bidyadhari]].

==Economy==
[[File:Omega & Infinity Benchmark.jpg|thumb|Omega and Infinity Benchmark, office buildings in Salt Lake, Kolkata]]
[[File:Bengal Intelligent Park - Kolkata 2011-08-29 4815.JPG|thumbnail|right|The Bengal Intelligent Park in Sector V.]]
[[File:Cognizant Technology Solutions office, Calcutta.jpg|thumbnail|right|The Cognizant Technology Solutions office in Sector V.]]

People are mainly engaged in farming, fishing and other agricultural activities. The average size of agricultural landholdings is about 3.2 Bighas. North 24 Parganas is one of the economically developed districts of [[West Bengal]], but there is chronic poverty in the southern half of the district (the [[Sundarbans]] area).

The information technology hub of [[Kolkata]] is at this district, which is the centre of some of the notable IT/[[ITES]] Indian and [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] companies. Approximately 1,500 companies have their offices in Sector V.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chakraborti |first1=Suman |title=Soon, smart composting units at Sector V offices {{!}} Kolkata News |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/soon-smart-composting-units-at-sector-v-offices/articleshow/68713409.cms |access-date=20 April 2020 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> Majority of the corporate offices are situated in Sector V and Sector III. Around 3.5 Lakh (by 2017) people are employed in [[Salt Lake City, Kolkata|Salt Lake City]].

==Divisions==
===Administrative subdivisions===
[[File:North 24 Parganas Subdivision Map (en).svg|thumb|400px|Administrative Map of North 24 Parganas]]

The district comprises five subdivisions: Barrackpore, Barasat Sadar, Basirhat, Bangaon and Bidhannagar.
*''' Barrackpore Subdivision''' consists of 16 municipalities ([[Kanchrapara]], [[Halisahar]], [[Naihati]], [[Bhatpara]], [[Garulia]], [[Barrackpore]], [[North Barrackpur]], [[New Barrackpur]], [[Titagarh]], [[Khardaha]], [[Panihati]], [[Kamarhati]], [[Baranagar]], [[Dum Dum]], [[North Dumdum]] and [[South Dumdum]] (25 Wards)) and 2 community development blocks: [[Barrackpore I]] and [[Barrackpore II]].
*''' Barasat Sadar Subdivision''' consists of five municipalities ([[Barasat]], [[Habra]], [[Ashoknagar Kalyangarh]], [[Madhyamgram]], and [[Gobardanga]]) and 7 community development blocks: [[Barasat I]], [[Barasat II]], [[Amdanga (community development block)|Amdanga]], [[Deganga (community development block)|Deganga]], [[Habra I]] and [[Habra II]]
*'''Bongaon Subdivision''', consists of [[Bangaon]] municipality and three community development blocks: [[Bagdah, North 24 Parganas|Bagdah]], [[Bangaon (community development block)|Bangaon]] and [[Gaighata (community development block)|Gaighata]].
*''' Basirhat Subdivision''' consists of three municipalities ([[Basirhat]], [[Baduria]] and [[Taki (India)|Taki]]) and ten community development blocks: [[Baduria (community development block)|Baduria]], [[Basirhat I]], [[Basirhat II]], [[Haroa (community development block)|Haroa]], [[Hasnabad (community development block)|Hasnabad]], [[Hingalganj (community development block)|Hingalganj]], [[Minakhan (community development block)|Minakhan]], [[Sandeshkhali I (Community development block)|Sandeshkhali I]], [[Sandeshkhali II (Community development block)|Sandeshkhali II]], [[Swarupnagar (Community development block)|Swarupnagar]].<ref name=blocdir>{{cite web
 |url         = http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs(RevisedMarch-2008).doc
 |title       = Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008
 |date        = 19 March 2008
 |access-date  = 1 December 2008
 |work        = West Bengal
 |publisher   = National Informatics Centre, India
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090225032419/http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs%28RevisedMarch-2008%29.doc
 |archive-date = 25 February 2009
 |df          = dmy-all
}}</ref>
*'''Bidhannagar Subdivision''' consists of [[Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation]], [[South Dum Dum]] Municipality (10 wards) and one community development blocks [[Rajarhat (Community development block)|Rajarhat]].

[[Barasat]] is the district headquarters. There are 35 police stations, 22 development blocks, 27 municipalities, 200 [[gram panchayat]]s and 1599 villages in this district.<ref name=blocdir/><ref name=adminsetup>{{cite web
| url = http://north24parganas.gov.in/glance.html
| title = District at a glance
| publisher = Official website of the North 24 Parganas district
| access-date = 1 December 2008
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080602171559/http://north24parganas.gov.in/glance.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2 June 2008}}</ref>

Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 48 urban units: 27 municipalities and 20 [[census town]]s and 1 cantonment board.<ref name=adminsetup/><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table5_11.htm
| title = Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001
| access-date = 1 December 2008
| work = West Bengal
| publisher = Directorate of census operations
}}</ref>

====[[Barrackpore subdivision]]====
* 16 municipalities: [[Kanchrapara]], [[Halisahar]], [[Naihati]], [[Bhatpara]], [[Garulia]], [[Barrackpore]], [[North Barrackpur]], [[New Barrackpur]], [[Titagarh]], [[Khardaha]], [[Panihati]], [[Kamarhati]], [[Baranagar Municipality|Baranagar]], [[Dum Dum]], [[North Dumdum]] and [[South Dumdum]].<ref>{{cite web
 |url         = http://north24parganas.gov.in/barrackpore.html
 |title       = Page on Barrackpore subdivision
 |publisher   = Official website of North 24 Parganas district
 |access-date  = 1 December 2008
 |url-status     = dead
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20100325040647/http://north24parganas.gov.in/barrackpore.html
 |archive-date = 25 March 2010
 |df          = dmy-all
}}</ref>
* One [[Cantonment Board]]: [[Barrackpur Cantonment]].
* One more census town: [[Ichhapur Defence Estate]].
* [[Barrackpore I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats and three census towns: [[Jetia]], [[Garshyamnagar]] and [[Kaugachhi]].
* [[Barrackpore II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 6&nbsp;gram panchayats and six census towns: [[Jafarpur]], [[Talbandha]], [[Muragachha]], [[Patulia]], [[Ruiya]] and [[Chandpur, Ghola|Chandpur]].
* [[Panchayet]]: Duttapukur

====[[Barasat Sadar subdivision]]====
*5 municipalities: [[Barasat]], [[Habra]], [[Ashoknagar Kalyangarh]], [[Madhyamgram]] and [[Gobardanga]].
* [[Barasat I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 9&nbsp; gram panchayats and 1 census town: [[Duttapukur]].
* [[Barasat II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 7&nbsp; gram panchayats.
* [[Amdanga (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 8&nbsp; gram panchayats.
* [[Deganga (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 13&nbsp; gram panchayats.
* [[Habra I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 7&nbsp; gram panchayats and 3 census towns: [[Nokpul]], [[Maslandapur]] and [[Sadpur]].
* [[Habra II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 8&nbsp; gram panchayats and 2 census towns: [[Bara Bamonia]] and [[Guma, India|Guma]].
* [[Rajarhat (Community development block)]] (now shifted to '''Bidhannagar Subdivision''')<ref name="Bidhannagar">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/change-of-guard/cid/1471266|title=Change of guard|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref> consists of rural areas with 6&nbsp; gram panchayats (after Mahishbathan II gram panchayat being shifted to [[Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation]],<ref>{{cite web|title=bmcwbgov.in|url=http://www.bmcwbgov.in/index.php/about-us/about-bmc|access-date=18 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806101118/http://www.bmcwbgov.in/index.php/about-us/about-bmc|archive-date=6 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> number of gram panchayats becomes 5) and 1 census town: [[Raigachhi]].

====[[Bangaon subdivision]]====
* 1 municipality: [[Bangaon]].
* [[Bagdah CD Block|Bagdah (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 9&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Bangaon (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 16&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Gaighata (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 13&nbsp;gram panchayats and seven census towns: Chandpara(7,113), Chhekati (4,995), Sonatikiri (6,919), Dhakuria (10,165), Chikanpara (9,594), Shimulpur (20,803) and Bara (5,172).

====[[Basirhat subdivision]]====
* Three municipalities: [[Basirhat]], [[Baduria]] and [[Taki (India)|Taki]].
* [[Baduria (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 14&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Basirhat I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 7&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Basirhat II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas with 9&nbsp;gram panchayats and one census town: [[Dhanyakuria]].
* [[Haroa (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Hasnabad (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 9&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Hingalganj (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 9&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Minakhan (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Sandeshkhali I (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Sandeshkhali II (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 8&nbsp;gram panchayats.
* [[Swarupnagar (Community development block)]] consists of rural areas only with 10&nbsp;gram panchayats.

====[[Bidhannagar subdivision]]====
This subdivision consists of the<ref name=blocdir/> [[Bidhannagar Municipal Corporation]].
* [[Rajarhat (Community development block)]] is also shifted to this subdivision now.<ref name="Bidhannagar" />

==Assembly constituencies==
As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, the district is divided into 33 assembly constituencies:<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.wbgov.com/e-gov/English/DELIMITATION.pdf  | title = Press Note, Delimitation Commission| access-date = 21 November 2008 | work = Assembly Constituencies in West Bengal| publisher =Delimitation Commission}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://north24parganas.gov.in/n24p/page.php?nm=mp_mla| title = list of MPs & MLAs of N 24 PGS| access-date = 12 May 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140118020218/http://north24parganas.gov.in/n24p/page.php?nm=mp_mla| archive-date = 18 January 2014| url-status = dead}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Sl. No. !! Name 
!Lok Sabha constituency!! MLA !! colspan="2" | Party 
|-
| 94
| [[Bagdah Assembly constituency|Bagdah (SC)]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Bangaon Lok Sabha constituency|Bangaon]]
|Madhuparna Thakur
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 95
| [[Bangaon Uttar Assembly constituency|Bangaon Uttar (SC)]]
|[[Ashok Kirtania]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 96
| [[Bangaon Dakshin Assembly constituency|Bangaon Dakshin (SC)]]
|[[Swapan Majumder]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 97
| [[Gaighata Assembly constituency|Gaighata (SC)]]
|[[Subrata Thakur]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 98
| [[Swarupnagar Assembly constituency|Swarupnagar (SC)]]
|[[Bina Mondal]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|99
| [[Baduria Assembly constituency|Baduria]]
|[[Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency|Basirhat]]
|[[Abdur Rahim Quazi]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 100
| [[Habra Assembly constituency|Habra]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Barasat Lok Sabha constituency|Barasat]]
|[[Jyotipriya Mallick]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 101
| [[Ashoknagar Assembly constituency|Ashokenagar]]
|[[Narayan Goswami]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 102
| [[Amdanga Assembly constituency|Amdanga]]
| rowspan="7" |[[Barrackpore Lok Sabha constituency|Barrackpore]]
|[[Rafiqur Rahaman]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 103
| [[Bijpur Assembly constituency|Bijpur]]
|[[Subodh Adhikary]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 104
| [[Naihati Assembly constituency|Naihati]]
|[[Partha Bhowmick]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 105
| [[Bhatpara Assembly constituency|Bhatpara]]
|[[Pawan Singh (politician)|Pawan Singh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 106
| [[Jagatdal Assembly constituency|Jagatdal]]
|[[Somenath Shyam Ichini]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 107
| [[Noapara Assembly constituency|Noapara]]
|[[Manju Basu]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 108
| [[Barrackpur Assembly constituency|Barrackpore]]
|[[Raj Chakraborty]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 109
| [[Khardaha Assembly constituency|Khardaha]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Dum Dum Lok Sabha constituency|Dum Dum]]
|[[Sovandeb Chattopadhyay]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 110
| [[Dum Dum Uttar Assembly constituency|Dum Dum Uttar]]
|[[Chandrima Bhattacharya]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 111
| [[Panihati Assembly constituency|Panihati]]
|[[Nirmal Ghosh]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 112
| [[Kamarhati Assembly constituency|Kamarhati]]
|[[Madan Mitra]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 113
| [[Baranagar Assembly constituency|Baranagar]]
|[[Sayantika Banerjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 114
| [[Dum Dum Assembly constituency|Dum Dum]]
|[[Bratya Basu]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 115
| [[Rajarhat New Town Assembly constituency|Rajarhat New Town]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Barasat Lok Sabha constituency|Barasat]]
|Tapash Chatterjee
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 116
| [[Bidhannagar Assembly constituency|Bidhannagar]]
|[[Sujit Bose (politician)|Sujit Bose]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 117
| [[Rajarhat Gopalpur Assembly constituency|Rajarhat Gopalpur]]
|[[Dum Dum Lok Sabha constituency|Dum Dum]]
|[[Aditi Munshi]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 118
| [[Madhyamgram Assembly constituency|Madhyamgram]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Barasat Lok Sabha constituency|Barasat]]
|[[Rathin Ghosh]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 119
| [[Barasat Assembly constituency|Barasat]]
|[[Chiranjeet Chakraborty]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 120
| [[Deganga Assembly constituency|Deganga]]
|[[Rahima Mondal]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 121
| [[Haroa Assembly constituency|Haroa]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency|Basirhat]]
|[[Haji Nurul Islam]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 122
| [[Minakhan Assembly constituency|Minakhan (SC)]]
|[[Usha Rani Mondal]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 123
| [[Sandeshkhali Assembly constituency|Sandeshkhali (ST)]]
|[[Sukumar Mahata]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 124
| [[Basirhat Dakshin Assembly constituency|Basirhat Dakshin]]
|[[Saptarshi Banerjee|Dr. Saptarshi Banerjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 125
| [[Basirhat Uttar Assembly constituency|Basirhat Uttar]]
| [[Rafikul Islam Mondal]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 126
| [[Hingalganj Assembly constituency|Hingalganj (SC)]]
|Debes Mandal
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|}

* Bagdah, Bangaon Uttar and Dakshin, Gaighata, Swarupnagar, Minakhan and Hingalganj constituencies are reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Scheduled Castes (SC)]] candidates while Sandeshkhali is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|Schedule Tribe (ST)]].
* Bagdaha, Bangaon Uttar and Dakshin, Gaighata, Swarupnagar, and Kalyani and Haringhata (two assembly constituencies from [[Nadia district|Nadia]]) assembly constituencies form the [[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)]] which is reserved for Schedule Caste (SC) candidate.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.electionsinindia.com/westbengal/bangaon/electiondata.aspx|title=Assembly under Bangaon Lok Sabha|website=www.indiastatelections.com}}</ref>
* Habra, Ashoknagar, Rajarhat-New Town, Bidhannagar, Madhyagram, Barasat, Deganga assembly constituencies form the [[Barasat (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name="auto"/>
* Khardaha, Dum Dum, Dum Dum Uttar, Panihati, Kamarhati, Baranagar, Rajarhat Gopalpur assembly constituencies form the [[Dum Dum (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name="auto"/>
* Amdanga, Bijpur, Naihati, Bhatpara, Jagatdal, Noapara, Barrackpore assembly constituencies form the [[Barrackpore (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name="auto"/>
* Baduria, Haroa, Minakhan, Sandeshkhali, Basirhat Uttar, Basirhat Dakshin, Hingalganj constituencies are part of the [[Basirhat (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name="auto"/>

==Education==
{{Dynamic list|date=December 2018}}

===Universities===
{{multiple image|perrow=|total_width=300|caption_align=center
| image1 = Isical01.jpg|caption1=Indian Statistical Institute, [[Baranagar]]
| image2 = WBSU_roadside_view.jpg|caption2=West Bengal State University, located at [[Barasat]], the main general degree university of the district
}}

{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Indian Statistical Institute]]<ref name=ISI>{{cite web|url=https://www.isical.ac.in/kolcampus.php|title=ISI Kolkata Campus|access-date=11 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703131633/https://www.isical.ac.in/kolcampus.php|archive-date=3 July 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
* [[Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology]] 
* [[West Bengal State University]] 
* [[JIS University]]
* [[Techno India University]]
* [[Brainware University]] 
* [[Adamas University]]
* [[University of Calcutta]] (Technological Campus) 
* [[Jadavpur University]] (Second Campus)
* [[Aliah University]]
* [[Netaji Subhas Open University]]
* [[Amity University, Kolkata|Amity University]]
* [[Sister Nivedita University]] 
* [[St. Xavier's University, Kolkata]] 
{{div col end}}

===Colleges===
* [[Sarojini Naidu College for Women]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.sncwgs.ac.in/ | title = Sarojini Naidu College for Women | publisher = SNC |access-date =  29 September 2024}}</ref>
[[File:Narula Institute of Technology (2).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Narula Institute of Technology]]]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Narula Institute of Technology]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://nit.ac.in/ | title = Narula Institute of Technology  | publisher = NIT  |access-date =  8 May 2018}}</ref>
*[[Brahmananda Keshab Chandra College]]
*[[Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Mahavidyalaya]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pcmm.co.in/|title=Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Mahavidyalaya &#124; NAAC Accredited College|website=Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Mahavidyalaya}}</ref>
* [[Acharya Prafulla Chandra College]]
* [[Basirhat College]]
* [[College of Medicine & Sagore Dutta Hospital]]
* [[Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research]]
* [[Guru Nanak Institute of Technology]] 
* [[Bhairab Ganguly College]]
* [[Bidhannagar College]]
* [[Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College]]
* [[Barasat Government College]]
* [[Barasat College]]
*[[Barasat Government Medical College and Hospital]]
* [[Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College]]
* [[Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology]] 
* [[Gobardanga Hindu College]]
* [[Dinabandhu Mahavidyalay]] 
* [[Sree Chaitanya College]]
* [[Institute of Engineering and Management]]
* [[Taki Government College]]
*[[Vivekananda College, Madhyamgram]] 
* [[Netaji Satabarshiki Mahavidyalaya]], Ashokenagar
* [[Chandraketugarh Sahidullah Smriti Mahavidyalaya]], Berachampa
{{div col end}}

===Schools===
* [[Birati Mahajati Balika Vidyamandir]]<ref>{{cite web | url = https://schools.org.in/north-twenty-four-pargana/19114301406/birati-mahajati-balika-vidm-hs.html | title = Birati Mahajati Balika Vidyamandir | publisher = BMBV |access-date =  29 September 2024}}</ref>
[[File:BRKM Entrance.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School]]]]
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* Bagdah High School<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://directory.edugorilla.com/school/bagdah-high-school-bagdah-north-24-parganas-fee-structure-syllabus-address-admission-form-contact-number/|title=Bagdah High School - Bagdah, North 24 Parganas - Reviews, Fee Structure, Admission Form, Address, Contact, Rating - Directory}}</ref>
* [[Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rkmissionbaranagar.org/|title=Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama, Baranagar Mission|access-date=17 May 2015}}</ref>
*[[Barasat Indira Gandhi Memorial High School]]
* [[Central Modern School]]
* [[Sodepur High School]]
* [[St. Xavier's Institution (Panihati)]]
* [[Aditya Academy (Senior Secondary)]] 
* [[Auxilium Convent School]] 
* [[Barrackpore Government High School]]
* [[Kendriya Vidyalaya Barrackpore (Army)]]
* [[Taki Government High School]]

{{div col end}}

==Culture==
[[File:Dakshineswar Temple2.jpg|thumb|upright|Dakshineswar Kali Temple]]
[[File:Bandhudal Sporting Club, Baranagar, idol 2018.jpg|thumb|upright|Durga idol at a pandel in Baranagar]]
This district is rich in culture. Many famous places like [[Dakshineswar Kali Temple]], [[Naihati Boro Maa Kali Temple]], [[Baranagar Math]]<ref name="Brief history of Baranagar Math">{{cite web|title=Brief history of Baranagar Math |url=http://www.rkmbaranagar.org/brief_history.php |publisher=Tamakrishna Mission, Baranagar |access-date=8 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131118073620/http://www.rkmbaranagar.org/brief_history.php |archive-date=18 November 2013 |url-status=usurped |df=dmy }}</ref> (first monastery of Ramakrishna Order) are situated in this district.

Many places of this district are famous for festivals –

The scale and intensity of [[Durga Puja]] celebrations in [[Basirhat]] are among the largest in North 24 Parganas district. In terms of the number of Durga Puja pandals, the city ranks fourth in West Bengal, following Kolkata, [[Siliguri]], and [[Durgapur]].<ref>{{cite web |title=বসিরহাট শহর ও মহকুমা এলাকায় থিম দুর্গাপুজোতে মাইলফলক |url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/north-24-parganas/theme-durga-puja-in-basirhat-subdivision-area-creates-milestone-l18-1329297.html |website=News18 বাংলা |publisher=Network18 |language=bn |access-date=19 February 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Durga Puja 2024: পরিদর্শনকারীরা QR কোড স্ক্যান ও GPS-র মাধ্যমে দেখতে পারবেন দুর্গাপুজো |url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/south-bengal/visitors-can-see-the-durga-puja-2024-by-scanning-qr-code-and-through-gps-l18-rdp-local18-1887044.html |work=News18 বাংলা |language=bn |date=June 10, 2024 |access-date=June 13, 2025}}</ref> Other cities like  [[Baranagar]], [[Barrackpore]], [[Bongaon]] are also organise many Durga Pujas.

[[File:Grand decoration in the pandel of Sobuj Sangha, Basirhat.jpg|thumb|Grand decorations reflecting the richness of art and culture of Basirhat's Durgapuja in Sobuj Sangha.]]

[[Kali Puja]] of [[Barasat]], [[Madhyamgram]] and [[Naihati]] are also quite famous in whole West Bengal because of its large scale celebration. [[Habra]], [[Barrackpore]], [[Basirhat]], [[Belgharia]] also celebrates Kali Puja vibrantly.

[[Ashoknagar Kalyangarh]] is famous for [[Jagaddhatri|Jagatdhatri puja]].

==Transport==

===Railways===
The electrified [[Kolkata suburban railway|suburban rail network]] of the [[Eastern Railway (India)|ER]] is extensive and penetrates far and deep into the neighbouring districts of [[Kolkata]], [[South 24 Parganas]], [[Nadia District|Nadia]], [[Howrah District|Howrah]], [[Hooghly District|Hooghly]] etc.

The [[Kolkata Circular Railway|Circular Rail]] encircles the entire city of Kolkata, and also used to provide an offshoot to connect the Dum Dum Airport, but now it is limited up to Dum Dum Cantonment. Jessore Road and Biman Bandar railway stations are closed for the construction work of Noapara–Barasat metro corridor ([[Yellow Line (Kolkata Metro)|Yellow Line]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/2016/10/13/services-end-on-kolkatas-circular-railway-to-facilitate-metros-construction/|title=Services End on Kolkata's Circular Railway to Facilitate Metro's Construction|date=13 October 2016}}</ref>

[[Kolkata Metro]] is also a transport medium for parts of the district. Four stations of [[Blue Line (Kolkata Metro)|Blue Line]] are located here, [[Dum Dum metro station]] at [[Dum Dum]], [[Baranagar metro station]] at [[Baranagar]], [[Dakshineswar metro station]] at [[Dakshineswar]] and [[Noapara metro station]] at [[Noapara, West Bengal|Noapara]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Gupta|first=Jayanta|title=March 2013 date for Noapara Metro|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/March-2013-date-for-Noapara-Metro/articleshow/17302229.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904202833/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-11-21/kolkata/35257399_1_metro-railway-dum-dum-station-new-station|url-status=live|archive-date=4 September 2013|access-date=30 May 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=21 November 2012}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200px" heights="160px">
File:KolkataLocalTrain.JPG|Kolkata Suburban EMU Train
File:INSIDENOAPARACAL.jpg|[[Kolkata Metro]]'s [[Noapara metro station]] at [[Noapara, West Bengal|Noapara]], [[Baranagar]]
</gallery>

===Airports===
{{See also|Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport}}
[[File:Kolkata Airport New Terminal Outside view.JPG|thumb|Cityside view of the new Integrated Terminal of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport]]

The [[Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport]] ([[IATA]] code:'''CCU'''), which is at [[Dum Dum]] (previously known as Dum Dum Airport) in [[North 24 Parganas]], is the only airport serving the city [[Kolkata]]. It operates both domestic and international flights. It is a gateway to North-East India, Bangkok, and Bangladesh. The number of people using the airport has consistently increased over the last few years.

===Roadways===
The road network is fairly well developed. Sparsed across by state-highways, it provides a convenient means of transport. [[National Highway 12 (India)| NH 
12]] connects the district with northern and southern region of the state and its sub road [[National Highway 112 (India)|NH 112]] connect the district headquarter [[Barasat]] with the border town [[Bangaon]] and [[Petrapole]], the largest land port of India.

==Demographics==
{{See also| List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate}}

{{historical populations
|11 = 1901
|12 = 10,16,001
|13 = 1911
|14 = 11,66,158
|15 = 1921
|16 = 12,39,719
|17 = 1931
|18 = 13,57,831
|19 = 1941
|20 = 17,11,806
|21 = 1951
|22 = 21,14,097
|23 = 1961
|24 = 31,27,685
|25 = 1971
|26 = 42,07,420
|27 = 1981
|28 = 55,29,497
|29 = 1991
|30 = 72,81,881
|31 = 2001
|32 = 89,34,286
|33 = 2011
|34 = 1,00,09,781
|percentages = pagr
|footnote = source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]. ''censusindia.gov.in''.</ref>
|align = center
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] North 24 Parganas district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 10,009,781,<ref name="districtcensus"/><ref>{{cite news|last1=Yeshwantrao|first1=Nitin|title=Population explosion across Thane district worries officials|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Population-explosion-across-Thane-district-worries-officials/articleshow/7839700.cms?referral=PM|access-date=18 March 2016|work=The Times of India|date=1 April 2011}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Bolivia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Bolivia 10,118,683 July 2011 est. }}</ref> or the US state of [[Michigan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Michigan 9,883,640 }}</ref> This gave it a ranking of second in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]) and first in its state.<ref name=districtcensus/> However, in 2014 the [[Thane district]] (in [[Maharashtra]]), which had been ranked first in India in 2011, was divided into two, thus promoting North 24 Parganas District to first in India. The district has a population density of {{convert|2463|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 12.86%.<ref name=districtcensus/> North Twenty Four Parganas has a [[sex ratio]] of 949 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 84.95%. 57.28% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 21.67% and 2.64% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

* Population Density: 2959 per square km
* Sex ratio: 982 females per 1000 males
* Growth Rate (1991–2000): 24.64% (approximately 2.5% per annum)
* Literacy rate (excluding 0–6 age group), in percentage: 87.66 (highest in West Bengal).<ref>{{cite web|title=District wise Literacy rate in West Bengal 2001–2011 census|url=http://updateox.com/west-bengal/district-wise-literacy-rate-in-West-Bengal-2001-2011-census/ |publisher=www.updateox.com |access-date=18 March 2016}}</ref>
** Male: 93.14; Female: 81.81

===Religion===
{{bar box
|title = Religion in North 24 Parganas district (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|73.46}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|25.82}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.72}}
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Religion in present-day North 24 Parganas district{{Efn|Barrackpore, Barasat and Basirhat subdivisions, along with Bongaon and Gaighata thanas of Bongaon subdivision in Jessore district.}}
!Religion
!Population (1941)<ref name="1941religion">{{cite web |title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI BENGAL PROVINCE |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/37365/GIPE-020591.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |access-date=13 August 2022}}</ref>{{rp|80–81}}
!Percentage (1941)
!Population (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
!Percentage (2011)
|-
|[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]]
|927,418
|57.09%
|7,396,769
|73.76%
|-
|[[Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]]
|648,920
|39.95%
|2,584,684
|25.52%
|-
|Tribal religion 
|41,105
|2.53%
|2,930
|0.03%
|-
|Others{{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
|6,994
|0.43%
|69,398
|0.69%
|-
|'''Total Population'''
|'''1,624,437'''
|'''100%'''
|'''10,009,781'''
|'''100%'''
|}

Hinduism is the main religion in the district, and especially dominates urban areas where they are nearly 90% of the population. Most Muslims are rural, and in the rural areas Hindus and Muslims are in equal proportions. In Bongaon and Sandeshkhali regions, Hindus, mainly descendants of refugees from present-day Bangladesh, dominate the rural population. But in the rest of the district, Muslims dominate the rural population.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Population by religion in CD blocks
|-
! CD Block
! Hindu
! Muslim
! Other
|-
| [[Bagdah (community development block)|Bagdah]]
|style="background:darkorange" |82.00%
|17.42%
|0.58%
|-
| [[Bangaon (community development block)|Bongaon]]
|style="background:darkorange" |78.17%
|20.83%
|1.00%
|-
| [[Gaighata]]
|style="background:darkorange" |93.27%
|6.42%
|0.31%
|-
| [[Swarupnagar]]
|style="background:darkorange" |52.17%
|47.58%
|0.25%
|-
| [[Habra I]]
|style="background:darkorange" |73.51%
|25.81%
|0.68%
|-
| [[Habra II]]
|style="background:darkorange" |53.85%
|45.76%
|0.39%
|-
| [[Amdanga]]
|41.30%
|style="background:green;color:white" |58.48%
|0.22%
|-
| [[Barrackpore I|Barrackpur I]]
|style="background:darkorange" |84.38%
|14.46%
|1.15%
|-
| [[Barrackpore II|Barrackpur II]]
|style="background:darkorange" |77.71%
|21.45%
|0.84%
|-
| [[Barasat I]]
|style="background:darkorange" |57.10%
|42.08%
|0.49%
|-
| [[Barasat II]]
|25.93%
|style="background:green;color:white" |73.81%
|0.26%
|-
|[[Deganga]]
|28.79%
|style="background:green;color:white" |70.92%
|0.29%
|-
|[[Baduria (community development block)|Baduria]]
|34.35%
|style="background:green;color:white" |65.48%
|0.17%
|-
|[[Basirhat I]]
|31.24%
|style="background:green;color:white" |68.54%
|0.22%
|-
|[[Basirhat II]]
|29.67%
|style="background:green;color:white" |70.10%
|0.23%
|-
|[[Haroa (community development block)|Haroa]]
|38.76%
|style="background:green;color:white" |61.12%
|0.12%
|-
|[[Rajarhat (community development block)|Rajarhat]]
|style="background:darkorange" |59.41%
|39.90%
|0.69%
|-
|[[Minakhan]]
|48.77%
|style="background:green;color:white" |50.60%
|0.63%
|-
|[[Sandeshkhali I]]
|style="background:darkorange" |69.19%
|30.42%
|0.39%
|-
|[[Sandeshkhali II]]
|style="background:darkorange" |77.17%
|22.27%
|0.55%
|-
|[[Hasnabad (community development block)|Hasnabad]]
|43.35%
|style="background:green;color:white" |56.51%
|0.14%
|-
|[[Hingalganj]]
|style="background:darkorange" |87.97%
|11.82%
|0.21%
|-
|Area not under any  Sub-district
|style="background:darkorange" |89.17%
|9.84%
|0.99%
|}

===Languages===

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of North 24 Parganas district (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 88.91 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 7.69 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 2.28 |color3 = green
|label4 = Others |value4 = 1.12 |color4 = grey
}}
According to the 2011 census, 88.91% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 7.69% [[Hindi]] and 2.28% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Flora and fauna==

The district is also home to the [[Bibhutibhushan Wildlife Sanctuary]], which was established in 1985 and has an area of {{convert|0.6|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment|title=Protected areas: West Bengal|url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|access-date=25 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|archive-date=23 August 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Health facilities==
* District Hospitals: 10 with 2500 beds
* Sub Divisional Hospitals: 14 with 1870 beds
* State General Hospitals: 18 with 1870 beds
* ESI Hospital: 01 with 200 beds
* Rural Hospitals: 07 with 228 beds
* Block Primary Health Centers: 15

==Notable people==
{{alumni|residents|date=June 2021}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Troilokyanath Mukhopadhyay]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eisamay.com/world/eken-babu-writer-sujan-dusgupta-death-thriller-and-horror-series-writers-mysterious-death-incidents-came-into-focus/articleshow/97088456.cms|title=Thriller Writers Mystery Death: বুকে বিঁধল কলম, সিঁড়ি থেকে হঠাৎ পতন! রহস্য সিরিজের কোন লেখকদের মৃত্যুতেও ঘনিয়ে রহস্য?|work=eisamay|date=18 January 2023|accessdate=18 January 2023}}</ref> writer 
*[[Ramkamal Sen]], diwan and social reformer 
*[[Mathurmohan Biswas]], Zamindar, social reformer and philanthropist 
*[[Kshirode Prasad Vidyavinode]], poet, novelist, dramatist and nationalist
*[[Harinath De]], Indian linguist, polyglot, Indologist and an academician
* [[Bibhutibhushan Bandyopadhyay]], writer, novelist
* [[Manik Bandopadhay]], writer, novelist
* [[Mohitlal Majumdar]], Poet
* [[Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay]], archeologist
* [[Vidyadhar Bhattacharya]], chief architect and city planner of Jaipur, Rajasthan.
* [[Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay]], Director Indian Statistical Institute
* [[Taradas Bandyopadhyay]], writer, scholar 
* [[Chittaprosad Bhattacharya]], Indian political person and artist of the mid-20th century.
* [[Dola Banerjee]], athlete
* [[Masudur Rahman Baidya]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bengali.oneindia.com/news/kolkata/english-channel-winning-double-amputee-swimmer-masadur-rahman-dies-005100.html|title= আকস্মিক প্রয়াত হলেন ইংলিশ চ্যানেল জয়ী সাঁতারু মাসুদুর রহমান|work=Oneindia|date= 26 April 2015|accessdate=26 April 2015}}</ref> Indian swimmer and was the world's first physically disabled swimmer to swim across the Strait of Gibraltar.
* [[Rahul Banerjee (archer)|Rahul Banerjee]], athlete
* [[Raj Chakraborty]], Indian film director, actor, producer and politician.
* [[Ratan Lal Basu]], Fiction Writer in English, Economist, Indologist, Yoga & Tantra Specialist
* [[Pramatha Nath Bose]], [[Geologist]] and [[Paleontologist]]
* [[Pravanalini Bhandari]], Indian revolutionary
* [[Ajoy Chakrabarty]], Musician
* [[Abhishek Chatterjee]], actor
* [[Biswanath Basu]], actor and comedian 
* [[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]], writer, novelist
* [[Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay]], Bengali writer, poet and journalist.
*[[Sasipada Banerji]], a teacher, social worker and leader of the Brahmo Samaj
* [[Jeet Ganguly]], musician
* [[Ishwar Chandra Gupta]], Bengali poet and writer
* [[Ujjwal Maulik]], Computer Scientist
* [[Dinabandhu Mitra]], Bengali novelist
* [[Barun Biswas]], teacher and a social activist
* [[Tanmoy Bhattacharya]], Politician 
* [[Shyamal Mitra]], singer, musician
* [[Arunoday Mondal]], physician
* [[Samir Mondal]], Indian Painter
* [[Samir Roychoudhury]], Poet and Writer 
* [[Satyendranath Dutta]], Poet
* [[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]], film director
* [[Rani Rashmoni]], philanthropist
* [[Prabhavathi Devi Saraswathi]], Bengali writer and novelist
* [[Ramprasad Sen]], poet
* [[Muhammad Shahidullah]], educationist, writer, philologist and linguist
{{div col end}}

*

* [[Anisuzzaman]], educationist, writer, scholar
* [[Kamal Kumar Majumdar]], writer
* [[Bimal Kar]], writer and novelist

== Citations ==
{{reflist}}{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==External links==
{{commons category|North 24 Parganas district}}
* {{official website|http://north24parganas.nic.in}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051108041203/http://www.wb.nic.in/dist/parganas.html Map of North 24 Parganas]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060202000528/http://www.calcuttaweb.com/maps/north24pgs.shtml Another map of North 24 Parganas]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101201022621/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/FrameTable4_11.htm Census 2001 data]

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = North 24 Parganas district
|North     = [[Nadia district]]
|Northeast = ''[[Jhenaidah District|Jhenaidah]] and [[Jessore District|Jessore]] districts, [[Bangladesh]]''
|East      = ''[[Satkhira District]], [[Bangladesh]]''
|Southeast = ''[[Satkhira District]], [[Bangladesh]]''
|South     = ''[[Bay of Bengal]]''
|Southwest = [[South 24 Parganas district]]
|West      = [[Kolkata district]]
|Northwest = [[Hooghly district]]
}}
{{Districts of West Bengal}}
{{North 24 Parganas District}}
{{North 24 Parganas topics}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:North 24 Parganas District}}
[[Category:North 24 Parganas district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Minority concentrated districts in India]]
[[Category:1986 establishments in West Bengal]]