View source for Nise-e

[[Image:Zuishin Teiki handscroll.jpg|thumb|Imperial guardians handscroll detail]]

{{nihongo|'''''Nise-e'''''|似絵|nisee|{{lit|likeness picture}}|lead=yes}} were a style of [[portrait painting|portraiture]] popular in the [[Court (royal)|court]] circles of Japan's [[Kamakura period]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/art/nise-e|title=nise-e {{!}} Japanese art|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2017-05-28|language=en}}</ref> Prior to the 12th century [[Japanese art]] was purely religious in character, but ''nise-e'' introduced the realistic depiction of [[Laity|lay]] figures such as [[Courtier|courtiers]] and [[samurai]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Steiner|first=Evgeny|date=2013|title=Zen Portraits Chinzō: Why do They Look as They do?|url=https://terebess.hu/zen/szoto/Chinzo.docx|journal=Terebess Asia Online|via=Google Scholar}}</ref> The popularity of ''nise-e'' helped to end the [[taboo]] against artistic depictions of the emperor, with one of earliest ''nise-e'' to depict a living [[Emperor of Japan|emperor]] being a portrait of [[Emperor Hanazono]] by Gōshin.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hirayama|first=Mikiko|title=The Emperor's New Clothes: Japanese Visuality and Imperial Portrait Photography|journal=History of Photography|volume=33|issue=2|pages=165–184|doi=10.1080/03087290902768099|year=2011}}</ref> The aim of a ''nise-e'' portrait was to capture a man's character with a few simple lines; the work served as a veneration of his accomplishments.<ref name="auto"/> 

[[Fujiwara Takanobu]] is generally considered to have originated the ''nise-e'' style and technique.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Takanobu|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/benezit/B00179192|journal=Benezit Dictionary of Artists|via=Oxford Art Online}}</ref> He innovated the use of jutting, angular outlines, and dense swaths of color which came to characterize ''nise-e'' portraiture as a whole.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fujiwara-Takanobu|title=Fujiwara Takanobu {{!}} Japanese painter|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2017-05-28|language=en}}</ref> Takanobu's influence is seen in the works of his son [[Fujiwara Nobuzane]], and descendants Tametsugu, Korenobu, Tamenobu, and Gōshin, who continued to develop the ''nise-e'' school alongside others, such as Shinkai and Tametada.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fujiwara-Nobuzane|title=Fujiwara Nobuzane {{!}} Japanese painter|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2017-05-28|language=en}}</ref><ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Nobuzane|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/benezit/B00131087|journal=Benezit Dictionary of Artists|via=Oxford Art Online}}</ref> ''Nise-e'' portraiture also greatly influenced the 18th century portrait style ''nigao-e'' ({{lit|likeness head}}), pioneered by [[Katsukawa Shunshō]], in response to a desire for [[Kabuki|actor]] portraits with realistic and expressive facial features.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Shunsho|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/benezit/B00168949|journal=Benezit Dictionary of Artists|via=Oxford Art Online}}</ref>

==References==
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[[Category:Japanese painting]]


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