View source for Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk

{{Short description|South Korean Catholic cardinal (1931–2021)}}
{{hatnote group|{{family name hatnote|[[Chung (Korean surname)|Cheong]]||lang=Korean}}{{baptismal name|Nicholas}}}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{For|a politician|Chung Jin-suk (politician)}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type             = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = His Eminence
| name             = Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk
| honorific-suffix = 
| native_name      = 정진석
| native_name_lang = 
| title            = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seoul|Archbishop of Seoul]]
| image            = Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk 2014.png
| image_size       = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = The cardinal in 2014.
| church           = 
| archdiocese      = Seoul
| province         = 
| metropolis       = 
| diocese          = 
| see              = Seoul
| elected          = 
| appointed        = 3 April 1998
| term             = 
| term_start       = 29 June 1998
| quashed          = 
| term_end         = 10 May 2012
| predecessor      = [[Stephen Kim Sou-hwan]]
| opposed          = 
| successor        = [[Andrew Yeom Soo-jung]]
| other_post       = {{unbulleted list|Cardinal-Priest of [[Santa Maria Immacolata di Lourdes a Boccea]]}}
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| ordination       = 18 March 1961
| ordained_by      = [[Paul Roh Ki-nam]]
| consecration     = 3 October 1970
| consecrated_by   = Paul Roh Ki-nam
| cardinal         = 24 March 2006
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Benedict XVI]]
| rank             = Cardinal-Priest
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name       = 
| birth_date       = {{Birth date|1931|12|07|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[Seoul]], [[Japanese Korea|Korea]]
| death_date       = {{Death date and age|2021|04|27|1931|12|07|df=y}}
| death_place      = Seoul, South Korea
| buried           = 
| nationality      = Korean
| religion         = [[Roman Catholic]]
| residence        = 
| parents          = 
| spouse           = 
| children         = 
| occupation       = 
| profession       = 
| previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheongju|Roman Catholic Bishop of Cheongju]] (1970–1998)|[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Pyongyang|Apostolic Administrator of P’yŏng-yang]] (1998-2012)}}
| education        =
| alma_mater       = [[Pontifical Urban University]]
| motto            = ''Omnibus omnia''
| signature        = 
| signature_alt    = 
| coat_of_arms     = Coat of arms of Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk.svg
| coat_of_arms_alt = 
<!---------- Other ---------->
| other            = 
}}
{{Infobox Korean name
| hangul = 정진석
| hanja  = {{linktext|鄭|鎭|奭|}}
| rr     = Jeong Jin-seok
| mr     = Chŏng Chinsŏk
}}
{{Ordination
| ordained deacon by = 18 March 1961
| date of diaconal ordination =
| place of diaconal ordination =
| ordained priest by = [[Paul Roh Ki-nam]]
| date of priestly ordination =
| place of priestly ordination =
| date of consecration = 3 October 1970
| place of consecration = 
| consecrated by       = Paul Roh Ki-nam
| co-consecrators      = James Vincent Pardy MM<br />Peter Han Kong-ryel
| elevated by          = [[Pope Benedict XVI]]
| date of elevation    = 24 March 2006
| bishop 1             = Gabriel Chang Bong-hun
| consecration date 1  = 24 August 1999
| bishop 2             = Joseph Lee Han-taek SJ
| consecration date 2  = 25 January 2002
| bishop 3             = [[Andrew Yeom Soo-jung]]
| consecration date 3  = 25 January 2002
| bishop 4             = Lucas Kim Woon-hoe
| consecration date 4  = 21 November 2002
| bishop 5             = Basil Cho Kyu-man
| consecration date 5  = 25 January 2006
}}
{{Infobox cardinal styles
| cardinal name = Nicholas Cheong Jin-Suk
| dipstyle      = [[His Eminence]]
| offstyle      = Your Eminence
| relstyle      = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]
| see           = [[Archbishop of Seoul|Seoul]]
| image         = Coat of arms of Nicolas Cheong Jin-suk.svg
| image_size    = 200px
}}

'''Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk''' ({{korean|정진석|鄭鎭奭}};{{citation needed|date=February 2021}} 7 December 1931 – 27 April 2021) was a South Korean [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church]]. He served as [[Archbishop of Seoul]] from 1998 until he retired in 2012. He was previously [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Chungju|Bishop of Cheongju]] from 1970 to 1998. He was made a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal]] in 2006.

==Biography==
Cheong Jin-suk briefly studied chemical engineering at the [[Seoul National University]] before entering the [[seminary]] in Seoul, from where he later obtained his [[Bachelor of Theology|bachelor's degree in theology]], in 1954. After studying [[sociology]] in Hong Kong, he was [[Holy Orders|ordained]] to the priesthood by Archbishop Paul Roh Ki-nam on 18 March 1961 at the Myeongdong Cathedral in Seoul.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-28|title=Life of Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210428000958|access-date=2021-05-02|website=[[The Korea Herald]]|language=en}}</ref>

Cheong then did [[Parish (Catholic Church)|pastoral]] work in Seoul until becoming a professor at its [[minor seminary]] and [[Notary public|notary]] of its [[Curia (religion)|archdiocesan curia]] in 1962. He was [[Chancellor (ecclesiastical)|chancellor]] of the curia and [[undersecretary]] of the Catholic Conference from 1964 to 1965, and episcopal chancellor and vice-[[Rector (ecclesiastical)|rector]] of the Minor Seminary from 1966 to 1967. He then earned a degree in [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|canon law]], studying at the [[Pontifical Urban University]], from October 1968 to 1970.<ref name=licas>{{cite news | access-date = 28 April 2021 | date= 28 April 2021 | url = https://www.licas.news/2021/04/28/former-catholic-prelate-of-seoul-cardinal-nicholas-cheong-jin-suk-dies-at-89/ | title = Former Catholic prelate of Seoul, Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk, dies at 89 | publisher = Licas News }}</ref>

On 25 June 1970, Cheong was appointed the second [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Chungju|Bishop of Cheongju]] by [[Pope Paul VI]].<ref>{{cite book | access-date = 28 April 2021 | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis | url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-62-1970-ocr.pdf | page = 645 | volume = LXII | date= 1970}}</ref> He was the youngest bishop in Korea at the time.<ref name=licas/> He received his [[Bishop (Catholicism)|episcopal consecration]] on the following 3 October from Archbishop Kinam Ro, with Bishops James Pardy, [[Maryknoll|MM]], and Peter Han Kong-ryel serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]], in the Church of the Holy Family in [[Cheongju]]. He was elected to a three-year term as president of the [[Catholic Bishops' Conference of Korea|Korean Episcopal Conference]] in 1996.<ref name=licas/>

Cheong was appointed the third [[Archbishop of Seoul]] on 3 April 1998.<ref>{{cite book | access-date = 28 April 2021 | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis | url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-90-1998-ocr.pdf | page = 820 | volume = XC | date= 1998}}</ref> In addition to his duties in Seoul, he was made [[Apostolic Administrator]] of [[Pyongyang|P'yong-yang]] on 6 June of that same year.<ref>{{cite book | access-date = 28 April 2021 | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis | url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-90-1998-ocr.pdf | page = 822 | volume = XC | date= 1998}}</ref>

[[Pope Benedict XVI]] created him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Santa Maria Immacolata di Lourdes a Boccea]] in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of 24 March 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/2006/documents/ns_lit_doc_20060324_titoli_it.html|title=Assegnazione dei Titoli e delle Diaconie ai nuovi Cardinali|date=24 March 2006|website=[[Holy See|The Holy See]]|publisher=[[Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff|Ufficio delle Celebrazioni Liturgiche del Sommo Pontefice]]|language=it|trans-title=Assignment of Titles and Deaconries to the new Cardinals|access-date=28 April 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728234158/https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/2006/documents/ns_lit_doc_20060324_titoli_it.html|archive-date=28 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Cheong was appointed to the executive committee of the [[Pontifical Council for the Family]] on the following 6 May,<ref>{{cite press release | access-date = 28 April 2021 |language=it | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2006/05/06/0234/00662.html | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 06.05.2006 |date= 6 April 2006| publisher = [[Holy See Press Office]]}}</ref> and to the Council of Cardinals for the Study of the Organizational and Economic Problems of the Holy See on 3 February 2007. He was later appointed a member of the [[Pontifical Council for Social Communications]].

On his 80th birthday, 7 December 2011, Cheong lost his curial memberships. His resignation as archbishop was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI on 10 May 2012 and he was succeeded by [[Andrew Yeom Soo-jung]].<ref>{{cite press release | publisher = Holy See Press Office | access-date = 27 April 2021 | date= 10 May 2012 | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 10.05.2012 | language = it | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2012/05/10/0265/00629.html }}</ref>

Cheong died at [[Catholic University of Korea|Saint Mary's Hospital]] in Seoul at the age of 89 on 27 April 2021. He had celebrated sixty years of his priesthood the previous month.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://en.yna.co.kr/view/AEN20210427012400325 | title = Cardinal Nicholas Cheong Jin-suk dies | access-date = 27 April 2021 | date= 27 April 2021 | publisher=[[Yonhap News Agency]]}}</ref> He had been admitted to hospital on 21 February with critical health issues such as breathing difficulties and a slight fever and his successor Cardinal Yeom Soo-jung administered the [[Anointing of the Sick]] on 22 February. By the first week of March, Cheong's condition seemed to improve upon the removal of life-sustaining equipment, barring the [[intravenous]], with reports that his [[blood pressure]] and oxygen levels were gradually returning to normal. He was adamant that he would not have any surgery, nor would he remain connected to any equipment that would prolong his life. He also signed up for organ donation in the event of his death.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.donga.com/en/article/all/20210308/2484961/1/Cardinal-Cheong-Jin-suk-recovers-at-hospital | title =Cardinal Cheong Jin-suk recovers at hospital | access-date = 27 April 2021 | date= 8 March 2021 | work=[[The Dong-a Ilbo]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | work=[[The Korea Times]] | url = https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2021/03/119_304817.html | title = Cardinal Cheong pledges organ donation, no life support treatment | access-date = 27 April 2021 | date= 2 March 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web| access-date = 22 November 2017| title= Cheong Jinsuk Card. Nicholas |publisher= [[Holy See Press Office]] | url= https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cheong-jinsuk_n.html | url-status=live | archive-date= 4 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170904064647/http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_cheong-jinsuk_n.html }}
*[http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios2006.htm#Cheong Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church]

{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[James Vincent Pardy]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheongju|Bishop of Cheongju]]|years=25 June 1970 – 3 April 1998}}
{{s-aft|after=Gabriel Chang Bong-hun}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Paul Ri Moun-hi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Catholic Bishop's Conference of Korea|President of the Korean Bishops' Conference]]|years=1996 – 1999}}
{{s-aft|after=Michael Pak Jeong-il}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Stephen Kim Sou-hwan]]|rows=2}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seoul|Archbishop of Seoul]]|years=3 April 1998 – 10 May 2012}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Andrew Yeom Soo-jung]]|rows=2}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Pyongyang|Apostolic Administrator of Pyongyang]]|years=3 April 1998 – 10 May 2012}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Juan Francisco Fresno Larraín]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Santa Maria Immacolata di Lourdes a Boccea|Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria Immacolata di Lourdes a Boccea]]|years=24 March 2006 – 27 April 2021}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Richard Baawobr]]|rows=2}}
{{s-end}}

{{Ordinaries of the Archdiocese of Seoul}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cheong, Nicholas, Jin-suk}}
[[Category:1931 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:Pontifical Urban University alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in South Korea]]
[[Category:21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops in South Korea]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Seoul]]
[[Category:Clergy from Seoul]]
[[Category:South Korean cardinals]]
[[Category:South Korean Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:Pontifical Council for the Family]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Benedict XVI]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Pyongyang]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic bishops of Cheongju]]