View source for New Navarre

{{Short description|Province of the Viceroyalty of New Spain}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox country
|native_name            = ''Nueva Navarra''
|conventional_long_name = New Navarre
|common_name            = Nueva Navarra
|status                 = Part of [[New Spain]]
|government_type = Monarchy
|
|event_start = 
|year_start = 1565
|date_start = 
|event_end =
|year_end = 1821
|date_end = September 27
|life_span = 1565 – September 1821
|
|p1 = Yaqui  
|p2=Mayo people
|flag_p1 = 
|s1 = Sonora y Sinaloa
|flag_s1 = Bandera Histórica de la República Mexicana (1824-1918).svg
|image_flag = Flag of Cross of Burgundy.svg
|image_map = Mapa del Virreinato de la Nueva España (1794).svg
|image_map_size = 200px
|image_map_caption = New Navarre (1794)
|capital = [[Arizpe]], Sonora
|leader1 = 
|
|stat_year1 = 
|stat_area1 = 
|stat_pop1 =
}}

'''New Navarre''' ({{langx|es|Nueva Navarra}}) was at first an informal name given to the silver-mining region north of Sinaloa.  Just before his death in 1711, the [[Jesuit]] [[Eusebio Kino]] drew a map of the area with that name. New Navarre would have included the Pimería Alta, where Kino spent 24 years establishing missions, along with the Navarrese Juan Matheo Manje.<ref>An Interview with Ernest J. Burrus, S.J. in the ''Hispanic American Historical Review'', Volume 65, No. 4, 1985, p. 650.</ref> Later Nueva Navarra was a province in the [[Provincias Internas]], one of the frontier provinces of the [[Viceroyalty of New Spain]]. Brigadier Pedro de Rivera, who visited the northern presidios from 1724 to 1728, suggested to the viceroy [[Juan de Acuña]], Marquis of Casafuerte, the political and administrative reorganization of the northwest provinces. The viceroy supported the idea, and it was approved by [[Philip V of Spain]] in 1732, and executed the following year with the appointment of the first governor, Manuel Bernal de Huidobro, at that time mayor of Sinaloa. In the branches of government, finance and war, the governor was directly subject to the viceroy, while the field of justice was under the jurisdiction of the [[Real Audiencia of Guadalajara|Royal Audience of Guadalajara]]  (''Real Audiencia de Guadalajara'') of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. By 1806, the province was generally recognized as Sonora or Nueva Navarra, with the capital in [[Arizpe]], and including the area comprising [[Sinaloa]] (de Iriarte, 1806). After [[Mexican War of Independence|Independence]] Sonora y Sinaloa became one of the constituent states of the [[Mexico|Mexican Republic]]. The [[Sonoran Desert]] [[ecoregion]] covers much of the state.

In the early years of European migration to Nueva Navarra, the Basques became a significant proportion of the population. The [[Basque people|Basque]] immigrants reached 6% of total migrants in the first 15 years of colonization, the same percentage as those from the [[Old Castile|Castile]] or [[Extremadura]], most populated regions. More specific data shows ratios between 8% and 16% of Basques in the nuclei urban settlements of those first decades, indicating a trend which would persist in the future: the Basque-Navarre preference for urban settlement (Boyde-Bowman, 1964).

==See also==
* [[Territorial evolution of Mexico]]
* [[Spanish missions in the Sonoran Desert]]
* [[Spanish colonization of the Americas]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* Boyde-Bowman, Peter. (1964). ''Indice geobiográfico de cuarenta mil pobladores de América en el Siglo XVI.'' Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
*  [http://www.bibliojuridica.org/libros/1/271/5.pdf ''Constitucion politica del estado libre de Occidente: Sancionada por su congreso en el año de 1825 en fuerte.''] (1825). Occidente, Mexico: Imp. Occidental. (Annotated Spanish version.)
* de Iriarte, Tomas. (1806). ''Lecciones Instructivas sobre la Historia y la Geografía'' (Vol. 3). Malaga, Spain: Francisco Martinez de Aguilar.
* Olea, Héctor Rosendo. (1985). ''Sinaloa a través de sus constituciones.'' Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas. México: UNAM.

{{Spanish America}}
{{Thirteen Colonies}}
{{Former sovereign or unrecognized states within the United States}}
{{History of the Americas}}

{{coord missing|Mexico}}

[[Category:Historical geography of Mexico]]
[[Category:19th century in Mexico]]
[[Category:New Spain]]
[[Category:Colonial Mexico]]
[[Category:Sonora]]
[[Category:Sinaloa]]
[[Category:Spanish colonization of the Americas]]
[[Category:1565 establishments in New Spain]]
[[Category:Former Spanish colonies]]