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{{Infobox political party
| colorcode        = {{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}
| name             = New Italian Socialist Party
| native_name      = Nuovo Partito Socialista Italiano
| logo             = Logo of the New PSI (2023).svg
| abbreviation     = NPSI
| leader1_title    = President
| leader1_name     = [[Stefano Caldoro]]
| leader2_title    = Secretary
| leader2_name     = [[Lucio Barani]]
| foundation       = {{start date and age|19 January 2001}}
| merger           = [[Socialist League (Italy)|Socialist League]]<br>[[Socialist Party (Italy, 1996)|Socialist Party]]
| headquarters     = Via Archimede 10, [[Rome]]
| newspaper        = {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20010501230743/http://www.nuovopsi.net/ ''È ora'']}}
| youth_wing       = Movimento Giovani per le Riforme
| membership_year  = 2015
| membership       = 6,500 <ref>Il Manifesto. 30.12.2015</ref>
| ideology         = [[Social democracy]]<ref name="Blome2016">{{cite book|first=Agnes|last=Blome|title=The Politics of Work-Family Policy Reforms in Germany and Italy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GjslDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA222|year=2016|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-317-55437-0|page=222}}</ref><br>[[Liberalism]]<ref name="Blome2016" /><ref>{{cite book|title=The Handbook of West European Pension Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M_kTDAAAQBAJ&dq=new+italian+socialist+party+npsi+liberal&pg=PA409|year=2007|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=9780199291472|page=409}}</ref>
| position         = [[Centrism|Centre]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.de/italy.html|title=Italy|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|first=Wolfram|last=Nordsieck|year=2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031081315/http://www.parties-and-elections.de/italy.html|archive-date=31 October 2007}}</ref>
| national         = '''Coalition:'''<br>[[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|Centre-right coalition]] (2008–present)<br>[[House of Freedoms]]<br>(2001–2008)<br>'''Political party:'''<br>[[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]]<br>(2013–2015, 2018–2022)<br>[[The People of Freedom]]<br>(2008–2013)
| colors           = {{color box|#DF1410|border=darkgray}} [[Red]] (official)<br>{{color box|{{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}|border=darkgray}} [[Pink]] (customary)
| seats1_title     = [[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]
| seats1           = {{composition bar|1|400|{{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}} (Into [[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]])
| seats2_title     = [[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate]]
| seats2           = {{composition bar|0|200|{{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| seats3_title     = [[European Parliament]]
| seats3           = {{composition bar|0|73|{{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| seats4_title     = [[Composition of Regional Councils of Italy|Regional Councils]]
| seats4           = {{Composition bar|2|897|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| seats5_title     = 
| seats5           = 
| website          = {{URL|https://www.liberalsocialistinpsi.it}}
| country          = Italy
}}
The '''New Italian Socialist Party'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Igdj1P4vBwMC&q=new+italian+socialist+party&pg=PA264|title=The Politics of Electoral Systems|first1=Michael|last1=Gallagher|first2=Paul|last2=Mitchell|date=September 15, 2005|publisher=OUP Oxford|via=Google Books|isbn=9780191531514}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kb-uBAAAQBAJ&q=new+italian+socialist+party+de+michelis&pg=PA2|title=The Return of Berlusconi|first1=Martin|last1=Bull|first2=Paolo|last2=Bellucci|date=July 18, 2002|publisher=Berghahn Books|via=Google Books|isbn=9781571816115}}</ref> or '''New PSI'''<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmNaDwAAQBAJ&q=new+psi+together+to+form&pg=PT551|title=Politics in Europe|first1=M. Donald|last1=Hancock|first2=Christopher J.|last2=Carman|first3=Marjorie|last3=Castle|first4=David P.|last4=Conradt|first5=Raffaella Y.|last5=Nanetti|first6=Robert|last6=Leonardi|first7=William|last7=Safran|first8=Stephen|last8=White|first9=Michelle Hale|last9=Williams|first10=Mary N.|last10=Hampton|date=May 9, 2018|publisher=CQ Press|via=Google Books|isbn=9781506399089}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iWS8CgAAQBAJ&q=new+psi+2001+italy&pg=PA202|title=The Oxford Handbook of Italian Politics|first1=Erik|last1=Jones|first2=Gianfranco|last2=Pasquino|date=July 18, 2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|via=Google Books|isbn=9780199669745}}</ref> ({{langx|it|Nuovo Partito Socialista Italiano}} or ''Nuovo PSI'', '''NPSI'''), more recently styled as '''Liberal Socialists – NPSI''', is a [[List of political parties in Italy|political party in Italy]] which professes a [[Social democracy|social-democratic]] ideology and claims to be the successor to the historical [[Italian Socialist Party]], which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see ''[[Mani pulite]]'').

The party was founded in 2001 as '''Socialist Party – New PSI''' (''Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI''),<ref name="Nordsieck2019">{{cite book|first=Wolfram|last=Nordsieck|title=Parties and Elections in Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1aGbDwAAQBAJ&q=socialist+party+new+psi+2001+wolfram&pg=PA310|year=2019|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=9783732292509|page=310}}</ref> during a founding congress in [[Milan]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.repubblica.it/online/politica/craxidue/nuovo/nuovo.html|title=la Repubblica/politica: Nasce il Nuovo Psi Alle urne con Berlusconi|website=www.repubblica.it}}</ref> but after the 2007 split of the [[Socialist Party (Italy, 2007, De Michelis)|Socialist Party]], headed by [[Gianni De Michelis]] and [[Mauro Del Bue]], it took the current name, under the leadership of [[Stefano Caldoro]]. Most of the party's members are former followers of [[Bettino Craxi]], who was convicted for corruption and whom New Socialists often portray as a victim of political persecution. The NPSI has been a member of the [[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|centre-right]] [[House of Freedoms]] coalition for most of its history, as the Italian [[Centre-left coalition (Italy)|centre-left]] has been dominated by former [[Italian Communist Party|communists]], the main opponents of the Socialist Party led by Craxi (most of the Craxi's followers had earlier joined [[Forza Italia (1994)|Forza Italia]]). The NPSI defines itself as a "[[Liberal socialism|liberal socialist]]", "[[Reformism|reformist]]" and "[[Anti-communism|anti-communist]]" party.<ref>[https://corrieredelmezzogiorno.corriere.it/napoli/politica/21_aprile_03/ecco-nuovo-psi-40-partito-caldoro-ora-punta-social-6afb985a-9457-11eb-9303-74a081d6a740.shtml Ecco il Nuovo Psi 4.0, il partito di Caldoro ora punta sui social]</ref><ref>[https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/caldoro-nuovo-psi-ricomincia-dai-giovani.html Caldoro: il Nuovo Psi ricomincia dai giovani]</ref>

The main leader of the party was [[Gianni De Michelis]], who left the party in 2007 and was replaced by [[Stefano Caldoro]]. In 2007, several members also left to join the [[Italian Socialist Party (2007)|Socialist Party]], allied with the centre-left, while what remained of the NPSI was merged into the centre-right PdL. From 2010 to 2015, party leader Caldoro served as President of [[Campania]] for the PdL. The party was later affiliated with the new [[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]].

== History ==
=== Foundation ===
[[File:Nuovo PSI.png|thumb|right|150px|Logo of the party from 2001 to 2007]]
The party was founded on 19 January 2001 by the merger of the [[Socialist Party (Italy, 1996)|Socialist Party]] of [[Gianni De Michelis]], the [[Socialist League (Italy)|Socialist League]] of [[Bobo Craxi]] and former members of the [[Italian Democratic Socialist Party]].

=== 2001 general election ===
At its founding congress, the NPSI decided to enter the centre-right [[House of Freedoms]] (CdL) coalition led by [[Silvio Berlusconi]] (a former friend of [[Bettino Craxi]]) as the centre-left was considered too compromised with the ''[[Mani pulite]]'' investigation, upon which the old [[Italian Socialist Party]] was disbanded while the ex [[Democratic Party of the Left|Communists]] were not touched.

The centre-right won the [[2001 Italian general election|2001 general election]] and Berlusconi appointed NPSI's [[Stefano Caldoro]] as Deputy Minister for Education in his [[Berlusconi II Cabinet|government]]. In the election, the NPSI gained just 1.0% of the vote and had three deputies (Craxi, [[Vincenzo Milioto]] and [[Chiara Moroni]]) and one senator ([[Franco Crinò]]) elected in single-seat constituencies. Secretary De Michelis and spokesperson Martelli were not elected since the party failed to pass the 4% threshold.

=== 2004 European Parliament election ===
At the [[2004 European Parliament election in Italy|2004 European Parliament election]], the NPSI formed an alliance with small social democratic movements and parties such as [[Socialist Unity (Italy, 2004)|Socialist Unity]], founded and headed by [[Claudio Signorile]]. The list, named [[United Socialists for Europe]], gained 2.0% of the vote and two MEPs, De Michelis and [[Alessandro Battilocchio]]. In [[Calabria]], the list gained 7.0%, the highest result ever for the party. The party was denied membership of the [[Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats|Group of the Party of European Socialists]] and the two NPSI MEPs sat as [[Non-Inscrits]]. They eventually joined the [[Party of European Socialists]] in October 2007 as members of the newly formed [[Italian Socialist Party (2007)|Socialist Party]] (PS).

At the [[2005 Italian regional elections|2005 regional elections]], the NPSI ran its lists as part of the CdL. In Calabria, the party's stronghold, it received 5.4%. However, the CdL lost 12 regions out of 14, forcing Berlusconi to reshuffle cabinet. In the [[Berlusconi III Cabinet|new government]], Caldoro was promoted minister.

=== De Michelis vs. Craxi ===
In October 2005, a national congress was held in Rome in order to deliberate the political line to be held by the party, particularly about electoral coalitions. During the congress, which was characterised by a heated atmosphere and several controversies, Craxi, who supported a "unity towards left" within [[The Union (Italy)|The Union]] and an immediate retirement from Berlusconi's government, challenged De Michelis, who instead asked the congress to delay the decision.

De Michelis received support from Caldoro, Maroni and Battilocchio whereas Craxi was supported by Milioto, Crinò and [[Saverio Zavettieri]], the powerful Calabrian leader of the party. At some point, De Michelis unrecognised the congress, declaring it had never been officially opened and abandoned it with all of his supporters. The remaining delegates thus elected Craxi secretary. Later, the Tribunal of Rome nullified the congress's outcome.

=== 2006 general election ===
[[File:Logo DC-NPSI 2006.png|thumb|right|150px|Logo of the joint list with DCA for the 2006 general election]]
Craxi's faction abandoned the party immediately after the sentence, was re-organised into [[The Italian Socialists]] and joined The Union. After winning the legal dispute for the symbol and the leadership of the NPSI, De Michelis led the party into an alliance with [[Gianfranco Rotondi]]'s [[Christian Democracy for Autonomies]] (DCA) at the [[2006 Italian general election|2006 general election]].

The DCA-NPSI list gained a mere 0.7% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies and 0.6% for the Senate. It still had six deputies elected because as the list that received more votes under the 2% threshold in its alliance, the CdL. Of these, two were of the NPSI, namely [[Lucio Barani]] and Del Bue. Two more candidates were elected as candidates of [[Forza Italia (1994)|Forza Italia]] (Moroni and [[Giovanni Ricevuto]]), but they abandoned the party in May, fearing that it was heading out of the centre-right coalition. Nonetheless, the NPSI and its two MPs formed a joint parliamentary group with the DCA comprising six MPs in total, which made it a minimal force in Parliament.

=== Caldoro vs. De Michelis ===
[[File:Logo of Nuovo PSI (2007).png|thumb|right|150px|Logo of the party from 2007 to 2023]]
In June 2007, the NPSI split among those who wanted to participate to the foundation of a joint Socialist Party along with the [[Italian Democratic Socialists]] of [[Enrico Boselli]], [[The Italian Socialists]] of Bobo Craxi and the [[Association for the Rose in the Fist]] of [[Lanfranco Turci]] and those who wanted to maintain the allegiance to the [[House of Freedoms]] coalition. The first group was led by De Michelis, the latter by Caldoro.

From some time, the NPSI had actually two leaderships, which were elected in two separate congresses. On 24 June, Stefano Caldoro was elected secretary of the right-wing faction of the party<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2007/giugno/25/Caldoro_segretario_del_Nuovo_Psi_co_9_070625115.shtml |title=Caldoro segretario del Nuovo Psi |publisher=Archiviostorico.corriere.it |access-date=2014-08-08}}</ref> while on 7–8 July Del Bue was elected secretary and De Michelis president by those NPSI members who wanted to take part to the foundation of the Socialist Party,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adnkronos.com/Archivio/AdnAgenzia/2007/07/19/Politica/SOCIALISTI-DEL-BUE-PIU-IMPEGNO-NUOVO-PSI-VERSO-COSTITUENTE_175645.php |title=Socialisti: Del Bue, Piu' Impegno Nuovo Psi Verso Costituente |date=19 July 2007 |publisher=Adnkronos.com |access-date=2014-08-08}}</ref> whose first meeting took place on 14 July.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2007/luglio/08/Michelis_costituente_socialista_Caldoro_vuoi_co_9_070708155.shtml |title=De Michelis: costituente socialista Caldoro: tu vuoi andare a sinistra |publisher=Archiviostorico.corriere.it |access-date=2014-08-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Redazione Tgcom |url=http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/politica/articoli/articolo369781.shtml |title=Tgcom - Nuovo Psi, De Michelis presidente |publisher=Tgcom24.mediaset.it |date=2008-09-25 |access-date=2014-08-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003011155/http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/politica/articoli/articolo369781.shtml |archive-date=2013-10-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In practical terms, there were two parties with the same name.<ref>Gabriele Maestri, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=k2lBBPgap5sC&q=%22i+simboli+della+discordia%22 I simboli della discordia]'', Giuffrè, Milan 2012, pp. 119-120</ref> After the split, both groups had a member in the Chamber of Deputies, namely Del Bue for the left-wing and Barani for the right-wing (led by Caldoro). Anyway, already on 23 June the two groups had acknowledged the irreconcilability of their political choices and agreed on a consensual separation: the group of Caldoro and Barani would be called ''Nuovo PSI'', while the group of De Michelis and Del Bue would be called ''[[Socialist Party (Italy, 2007, De Michelis)|Partito Socialista]]''.<ref>Gabriele Maestri, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=k2lBBPgap5sC&q=%22i+simboli+della+discordia%22 I simboli della discordia]'', Giuffrè, Milan 2012, pp. 120-121</ref> This second faction, that however continued to act on behalf of the NPSI, joined the [[Italian Socialist Party (2007)|Socialist constituent assembly]] promoted by [[Enrico Boselli]], while the two MEPs elected with the NPSI in 2004, De Michelis and Battilocchio, joined the [[Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats|Socialist Group]] in the [[European Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/28452/GIANNI_DE+MICHELIS_home.html |title=Gianni DE MICHELIS |publisher=Europarl.europa.eu |access-date=2014-08-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/28427/ALESSANDRO_BATTILOCCHIO_home.html |title=Alessandro BATTILOCCHIO |publisher=Europarl.europa.eu |access-date=2014-08-08}}</ref> Since that moment, the only NPSI was that led by Caldoro, who announced that its party was interested in joining [[The People of Freedom]] (PdL) along with [[Forza Italia (1994)|Forza Italia]] and [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]].

=== Events occurred after 2008 ===
At the [[2008 Italian general election|2008 general election]], the NPSI got two deputies re-elected on the PdL list, namely Caldoro and Barani. In March 2009, the party was merged into the PdL, but it has retained some of its autonomy. In the [[2010 Campania regional election]], Caldoro was elected president by a landslide. Following his election, Caldoro was replaced as secretary by Barani. Caldoro was then elected president of the party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://iltirreno.gelocal.it/massa/cronaca/2011/06/26/news/lucio-barani-eletto-segretario-nazionale-4510747 |title=Lucio Barani eletto segretario nazionale - Cronaca - il Tirreno |publisher=Iltirreno.gelocal.it |date=2011-06-26 |access-date=2014-08-08}}</ref>

In 2013, the NPSI joined [[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]] (FI), the new party born from the PdL's ashes.

In 2015, Barani stepped down from secretary after having joined the [[Liberal Popular Alliance]], formed by FI dissidents who wanted to explicitly support [[Matteo Renzi]]'s centre-left [[Renzi Cabinet|government]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2015/07/27/nuovo-psi-il-segretario-barani-aderisce-al-gruppo-verdini-ma-rischia-lespulsione/1910471/|title=Nuovo Psi: il segretario Barani aderisce al gruppo Verdini ma rischia l'espulsione|date=July 27, 2015|language=it|website=Il Fatto Quotidiano}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.agenparl.com/nuovo-psi-lucio-barani-si-dimette-da-segretario-nazionale/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925115617/http://www.agenparl.com/nuovo-psi-lucio-barani-si-dimette-da-segretario-nazionale/ |archive-date=2015-09-25 |title=Nuovo Psi, Lucio Barani si dimette da segretario nazionale {{!}} Agenparl}}</ref> Following Barani's move, the party appointed [[Antonio Fasolino]] as coordinator, chose to cut its official ties with FI and launched the so-called "dual membership". Under this system, any NPSI member can contextually join another party, such as FI or the PSI. Caldoro remained with FI.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ottopagine.it/sa/politica/43791/e-frattura-fra-forza-italia-e-nuovo-psi.shtml|title=E' frattura fra Forza Italia e Nuovo Psi|date=October 30, 2015|website=Ottopagine.it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ottopagine.it/av/politica/42687/nuovo-psi-fasolino-coordinatore-nazionale.shtml|title=Nuovo Psi, Fasolino coordinatore nazionale|date=October 24, 2015|website=Ottopagine.it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.avellinotoday.it/politica/nuovo-psi-caldoro-barani.html|title=Nuovo Psi, un piede in due scarpe: la strana coppia Caldoro-Barani|website=AvellinoToday}}</ref>

In the [[2018 Italian general election|2018 general election]], Battilocchio was elected to the Chamber from the single-seat constituency of [[Civitavecchia]] with the support of the [[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|centre-right coalition]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.agenzianova.com/a/0/1847550/2018-03-12/elezioni-nuovo-psi-auguri-a-riformisti-battilocchio-e-craxi|title=Elezioni: Nuovo Psi, auguri a riformisti Battilocchio e Craxi|website=Agenzia Nova}}</ref> After his election, Battilocchio, who was also a member of FI, joined FI's parliamentary group. Subsequently, in 2019, Barani was re-appointed secretary of the party.<ref>[https://iltirreno.gelocal.it/massa/cronaca/2019/11/18/news/nuovo-psi-lucio-barani-eletto-segretario-nazionale-1.37921059 Nuovo Psi, Lucio Barani eletto segretario nazionale]</ref>

In the [[2022 Italian general election|2022 general election]], Battilocchio was re-elected to the Chamber of Deputies,<ref>[https://www.forlitoday.it/politica/elezioni-dal-nuovo-psi-appello-al-voto-a-favore-di-forza-italia.html Elezioni, dal Nuovo Psi appello al voto a favore di Forza Italia]</ref><ref>[https://www.civonline.it/2022/09/26/alessandro-battilocchio-eletto-nuovamente-alla-camera Alessandro Battilocchio eletto nuovamente alla Camera]</ref> while Caldoro failed to be elected to the Senate.<ref>[https://www.dire.it/27-09-2022/798304-la-campania-miete-vittime-eccellenti-ko-di-maio-caldoro-e-lonardo La Campania miete vittime eccellenti: ko Di Maio, Caldoro e Lonardo]</ref> Following this and Caldoro's exclusion from the [[Meloni government]],<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20221128114110/https://www.veritaeaffari.it/politica/stefano-caldoro-dimissioni-forza-italia-14-novembre-2022/ Forza Italia perde i pezzi, se ne va pure l’ex ministro Caldoro]}}</ref> the NPSI broke its alignment with FI,<ref>[https://www.ilriformista.it/cambio-look-ed-addio-a-fi-il-nuovo-psi-rompe-il-patto-federativo-con-forza-italia-330333/ Il nuovo Psi rompe il patto federativo con Forza Italia: "Nel centrodestra per l’area liberale e riformista"]</ref><ref>[https://www.ilmattino.it/napoli/politica/nuovo_psi_stefano_caldoro-7060644.html?refresh_ce Stefano Caldoro lascia Forza Italia e rilancia il nuovo Psi: «Ridefiniamo il ruolo di riformisti e liberali»]</ref> while continuing to support the government.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://cronachesalerno.it/2022/12/31/caldoro-liberali-e-riformisti-saranno-in-campo-per-sostenere-le-battaglie-della-premier/ | title=Caldoro: "Liberali e riformisti saranno in campo per sostenere le battaglie della premier" - le Cronache | date=30 December 2022 }}</ref> In July 2023, the NPSI formed an agreement with the [[Union of the Centre (2002)|Union of the Centre]] and [[Green is Popular]] / [[Christian Democracy with Rotondi]] in the [[Regional Council of Campania]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ansa.it/campania/notizie/assemblea_informa/2023/07/14/campania-in-consiglio-nasce-gruppo-moderati-e-riformisti_28b685a0-b72b-452a-90d3-dff6c0a09b2f.html | title=Campania: In Consiglio nasce gruppo 'Moderati e Riformisti' - l'Assemblea informa - Ansa.it | date=14 July 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.salernotoday.it/attualita/gruppo-moderati-riformisti-campania.html | title=Regione Campania: Nasce il gruppo "Moderati e Riformisti", l'assist di Fratelli d'Italia }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/politica/moderati-e-riformisti-gamba-centrista-che-guarda-meloni-2187537.html | title="Moderati e riformisti". Quella gamba centrista che guarda alla Meloni | date=26 July 2023 }}</ref>

== Electoral results ==
=== Italian Parliament ===
{|class=wikitable
|-
|colspan=7|[[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]
|-
!Election year
!No. of<br>overall votes
!% of<br>overall vote
!No. of<br>overall seats won
!+/–
!Leader
|-
![[2001 Italian general election|2001]]
|353,269 (13th)
|0.93
|{{composition bar|3|630|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|–}}
|[[Gianni De Michelis]]
|-
![[2006 Italian general election|2006]]
|285,474 (13th)
|0.74
|{{composition bar|4|630|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{increase}} 1}}
|[[Gianni De Michelis]]
|-
![[2008 Italian general election|2008]]
|with [[The People of Freedom|PdL]]
|–
|{{composition bar|2|630|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{decrease}} 2}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|-
![[2013 Italian general election|2013]]
|with [[The People of Freedom|PdL]]
|–
|{{composition bar|0|630|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{decrease}} 2}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|-
![[2018 Italian general election|2018]]
|into [[Forza Italia (2013)|FI]]{{efn|name=fn1|[[Alessandro Battilocchio]] was an individual candidate of [[Forza Italia (2013)|Forza Italia]] within the [[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|centre-right coalition]] and was elected from the single-seat constituency of [[Civitavecchia]].}}
|–
|{{composition bar|1|630|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{increase}} 1}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|-
![[2022 Italian general election|2022]]
|into [[Forza Italia (2013)|FI]]
|–
|{{composition bar|1|400|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|–}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|}
{{notelist}}
{|class=wikitable
|-
|colspan=6|[[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate of the Republic]]
|-
!Election year
!No. of<br>overall votes
!% of<br>overall vote
!No. of<br>overall seats won
!+/–
!Leader
|-
![[2001 Italian general election|2001]]
|with [[House of Freedoms|CdL]]
|–
|{{composition bar|1|315|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|–}}
|[[Gianni De Michelis]]
|-
![[2006 Italian general election|2006]]
|190,724 (15th)
|0.55
|{{composition bar|0|315|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{decrease}} 1}}
|[[Gianni De Michelis]]
|-
![[2008 Italian general election|2008]]
|with [[The People of Freedom|PdL]]
|–
|{{composition bar|0|315|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|–}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|-
![[2013 Italian general election|2013]]
|with [[The People of Freedom|PdL]]
|–
|{{composition bar|1|315|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{increase}} 1}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|-
![[2018 Italian general election|2018]]
|into [[Forza Italia (2013)|FI]]
|–
|{{composition bar|0|315|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|{{decrease}} 1}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|-
![[2022 Italian general election|2022]]
|into [[Forza Italia (2013)|FI]]
|–
|{{composition bar|0|200|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
|{{center|–}}
|[[Stefano Caldoro]]
|}

=== European Parliament ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Election 
! Leader 
! Votes 
! % 
! Seats 
! +/– 
! EP Group
|-
![[2004 European Parliament election in Italy|2004]]{{efn|Into [[United Socialists for Europe]], including also [[Socialist Unity (Italy, 2004)|Socialist Unity]].}}
|[[Gianni De Michelis]]
| 664,463 (11th)
| 2.04 
| {{composition bar|2|72|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| New
| ''[[Non-Inscrits|NI]] {{small|(2004-2007)}}''<br/>[[Group of the Party of European Socialists|PES]] {{small|(2007-2009)}}
|-
! [[2009 European Parliament election in Italy|2009]]
| colspan=3 |''Did not contest''
| {{composition bar|0|72|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 2
| rowspan=4 |–
|-
! [[2014 European Parliament election in Italy|2014]]
| colspan=3 |''Did not contest''
| {{composition bar|0|72|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| {{steady}} 0
|-
! [[2019 European Parliament election in Italy|2019]]
| colspan=3 |''Did not contest''
| {{composition bar|0|72|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| {{steady}} 0
|-
! [[2024 European Parliament election in Italy|2024]]
| [[Stefano Caldoro]]
| colspan=2 |Into [[Brothers of Italy|FdI]]
| {{composition bar|0|72|hex={{party color|New Italian Socialist Party}}}}
| {{steady}} 0
|}
{{notelist}}

== Leadership ==
* President: [[Bobo Craxi]] (2001–2002), [[Vincenzo Milioto]] (2002–2005), [[Francesco Pizzo]] (2005–2007), [[Roberto Scheda]] (2007–2009), [[Stefano Caldoro]] (2011–present)
* Secretary: [[Gianni De Michelis]] (2001–2007), [[Stefano Caldoro]] (2007–2011), [[Lucio Barani]] (2011–2015; 2019–present)
** Deputy Secretary: [[Bobo Craxi]] (2002–2005), [[Mauro Del Bue]] (2003–2006), [[Chiara Moroni]] (2005–2006), [[Alessandro Battilocchio]] (2006–2007), [[Francesco Pizzo]] (2006–2007), [[Franco Spedale]] (2007–2010), [[Franco Caruso]] (2007–2011), [[Adolfo Collice]] (2007–2011), [[Francesco Pizzo]] (2010–2015), [[Laura Schianchi]] (2011–2015), [[Michele Simone]] (2021–present)
** Coordinator: [[Stefano Caldoro]] (2006–2007), [[Antonino Di Trapani]] (2007–2015), [[Guido Marone]] (2015–2021), [[Alessandro Battilocchio]] (2015–2021), [[Antonio Fasolino]] (2015–2021)
** Spokesman: [[Claudio Martelli]] (2001–2002), [[Bobo Craxi]] (2002–2005), [[Chiara Moroni]] (2005–2006), [[Mauro Del Bue]] (2006–2007)
* Treasurer: [[Lucio Barani]] (2007–2011), [[Massimo Lo Faro]] (2011–2021)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.liberalsocialistinpsi.it/ Official website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170915000423/http://nuovopsionline.it/ Alternative official website]
* [http://www.socialistalab.it Official party's newspaper]
{{clear}}
{{Italian Socialist Party}}
{{Forza Italia (2013) factions}}
{{Italian political parties}}

[[Category:Political parties established in 2001]]
[[Category:2001 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:Centrist parties in Italy]]
[[Category:Social democratic parties in Italy]]