View source for Nangar Khel incident

{{Short description|Massacre of Afghan civilians by Polish soldiers}}
{{Infobox civilian attack
| title            = Nangar Khel incident
| image            = 
| caption          = 
| location         = [[Nangar Khel]], [[Paktika Province]], [[Afghanistan]]
| date             = August 16, 2007
| type             = Mortar strike
| fatalities       = 6
| injuries         = 3
| victims          = Afghan civilians
| perps            = Polish soldiers
}}
{{Campaignbox Afghan War}}
The '''Nangar Khel incident''', sometimes called the '''Nangar Khel massacre''', took place in the [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] village of [[Nangar Khel]] ([[Paktika Province]]) on August 16, 2007. A few hours after an insurgent [[Improvised explosive device|IED]] ambush which damaged Polish wheeled armored vehicle ([[KTO Rosomak]]), a patrol of [[Polish Armed Forces|Polish soldiers]] from the elite 18th Airborne-Assault Battalion taking part in the [[International Security Assistance Force]] opened [[heavy machine gun]] and 60&nbsp;mm [[mortar (weapon)|mortar]] fire at the area of the village. The attack resulted in the deaths of 6 civilians, including a pregnant woman and 3 children, and seriously injured 3 other women.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wbj.pl/article-50605-wikileaks-report-details-nangar-khel-massacre.html |title=Wikileaks report details Nangar Khel 'massacre' - Warsaw Business Journal - Online Portal - WBJ.pl |access-date=2012-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817214321/http://www.wbj.pl/article-50605-wikileaks-report-details-nangar-khel-massacre.html |archive-date=2010-08-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Seven soldiers were court-martialed over the incident, but all of them were acquitted.

==Incident==
According to the military report D9 161030z of the [[Afghan War Diary]], the patrol fired 26 mortar rounds, of which 3 landed in a compound where a wedding celebration was taking place. The villagers stated that there was no shooting coming from the village when the mortars were fired there,{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}} while the Polish soldiers stated that they had fired a machine gun at four people near the village, who in turn fired back. The villagers stated that the Polish soldiers should have come to the village to ask for information regarding Taliban fighters planting of [[improvised explosive device|IED]]s, since the villagers were opposed to Talibs' operations near their village.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}

That evening and the following day, the Provincial Reconstruction Team and Polish soldiers planned "consequence management", including contact with the villagers, gifts of food and supplies, the purchase of a goat for the villagers as a goodwill gesture, and regular visits to the village in order to build "trust and rapport with the villagers".{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}} Families of the victims were later paid compensation, while the injured Afghans were flown to be treated for their wounds in a hospital in Poland.

In result of the action eight innocent civilians including a pregnant women and children were killed. Aleksander Szczyglo - Defense Minister in 2008 - tried to avoid giving an answer to a journalist when he was asked about incident and called accused soldiers a "group of idiots who shot at civilians."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tvn24.pl/wideo/z-anteny/aleksander-szczyglo-nazwal-zolnierzy-ktorzy-ostrzelali-wioske-nangar-khel-banda-durniow-strzelajacych-do-cywili,191030.html?playlist_id=31421|title = TVN24 GO – oglądaj telewizję i najlepsze materiały dziennikarzy TVN24 i TVN24 BiS online}}</ref>

==Trial==
On July 6, 2008, prosecutors ended the investigation and sent an [[indictment]] against seven soldiers of the Charlie combat team (2 officers, 2 non-commissioned officers and 3 privates) to [[Warsaw]]'s Military District Court, accusing them of committing a [[war crime]] of unlawfully targeting civilians in a reprisal.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://news.trendaz.com/index.shtml?show=news&newsid=1243284&lang=EN |title=Polish soldiers face trial for killing Afghan civilians |access-date=2008-07-31 }}{{dead link|date=June 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Captain Olgierd C. and his men all said they were innocent. 6 of them (accused of killing civilians), if found guilty, would face a penalty of 12 to 25 years in prison to even life imprisonment, while another one (accused of opening fire on an unarmed target) faced up to 25 years in prison. According to a spokesperson for the Court, "It's a unique trial, not only in Poland but also in Europe or even in the world." Nevertheless, the case was given little attention in foreign media.

The trial began in February 2009. In May, Polish Minister of Defense [[Bogdan Klich]] gave testimony in which he called the incident "a mistake", citing the opinion of the commander of the [[United States|U.S.]] forces in the area. The soldiers have also gained support from many military officers and celebrities, including General [[Sławomir Petelicki]], the founder and first commander of the Polish special forces unit [[GROM]]. On June 1, 2011, the Warsaw District Court acquitted all seven soldiers for lack of evidence of deliberate killing. The court described the case as unprecedented in the history of the Polish military and judiciary. The prosecution has the right of appeal against the verdict.<ref>{{cite web
 |url          = http://www.pap.pl/palio/html.run?_Instance=cms_www.pap.pl&_PageID=1&s=infopakiet&dz=strony.glowna.temat_dnia&idNewsComp=186248&filename=&idnews=124019&data=infopakiet&_CheckSum=999230085
 |title        = Siedmiu oskarżonych ws. Nangar Khel - uniewinnionych
 |date         = 2011-06-01
 |publisher    = [[Polish Press Agency|PAP]]
 |language     = pl
 |access-date   = 2011-06-01
 |archive-url  = https://archive.today/20130416140746/http://www.pap.pl/palio/html.run?_Instance=cms_www.pap.pl&_PageID=1&s=infopakiet&dz=strony.glowna.temat_dnia&idNewsComp=186248&filename=&idnews=124019&data=infopakiet&_CheckSum=999230085
 |archive-date = 2013-04-16
 |url-status     = dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
 |url          = https://www.reuters.com/article/us-poland-afghan-ruling-idUSTRE75034S20110601
 |title        = Polish court acquits 7 soldiers over Afghan deaths
 |date         = 2011-06-01
 |publisher    = [[Reuters]]
 |access-date   = 2011-06-01
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110610103144/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/01/us-poland-afghan-ruling-idUSTRE75034S20110601
 |archive-date = 2011-06-10
 |url-status     = live
}}</ref>

== Re-trial ==
Poland's [[Supreme Court of Poland|highest court]] opened a new trial for seven Polish soldiers in 2012. Prosecutors said that they are convinced that war crimes were committed. The first ruling "should not stand," prosecutor Jan Zak said.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501714_162-57391581/poland-retries-soldiers-in-2007-deaths-of-afghans/ | work=CBS News | title=Poland retries soldiers in 2007 deaths of Afghans | access-date=2012-03-07 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307054041/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501714_162-57391581/poland-retries-soldiers-in-2007-deaths-of-afghans/ | archive-date=2012-03-07 | url-status=dead }}</ref> The case resulted in the acquittal of Captain O. C., the highest of rank among the defendants who issued the original military order.<ref name="casebook.icrc.org">ICRC Casebook. {{Cite web|url=https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/poland-supreme-court-nangar-khel-incident-judgment-supreme-court-poland-17-february-2016|title = Poland, Supreme Court, Nangar Khel Incident, the Judgment of the Supreme Court of Poland of 17 February 2016}}</ref> The Supreme Court also upheld the acquittals of two privates involved in the incident. 

The case of remaining four soldiers was reopened by the Warsaw Military District Court. In 2015, the Court acquitted four Polish soldiers of the charges of war crimes.<ref name="casebook.icrc.org"/> The ruling was appealed both by the defense and the prosecution and the case of remaining soldiers was to be reexamined by the Supreme Court of Poland.

The cases of ppor. (lower OF-1 Nato code rank) Bywalec, chor. (OR-8 Nato code) Andrzej Osiecki, plut. rezerwy (OR-4 higher, but reserve status - "rezerwy") Tomasz Borysiewicz and Ligocki, were sent to be examined by the Supreme Court, because there were doubts about their "innocent" status.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kat,1342,title,Proces-ws-Nangar-Khel-koniec-przesluchania-oskarzonych,wid,15394216,wiadomosc.html|title=Wiadomości z kraju i ze świata – wszystko co ważne – WP|first=Wirtualna Polska Media|last=S.A.|website=wiadomosci.wp.pl|access-date=2013-07-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101133504/http://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kat,1342,title,Proces-ws-Nangar-Khel-koniec-przesluchania-oskarzonych,wid,15394216,wiadomosc.html|archive-date=2013-11-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
Re-trial ended on March 19, 2015.

In February 2016 the Military Chamber of the Supreme Court in Warsaw (Poland) stated that the remaining 3 soldiers did not commit a war crime, but were found to have negligently carried out orders, which is an offence under Polish law. The ruling upheld the decision of a military court from March 2015. 3 Polish soldiers were given suspended jail sentences, while the case of one was conditionally discontinued.

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L22882698.htm Polish troops killed Afghan civilians-ministry], [[Reuters]], 22 August 2007
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110520153546/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hhaO1uTvbV-7j-gFInwQqixZ2qZw Polish NATO troops charged with murdering Afghan civilians], [[Agence France Press|AFP]], November 14, 2007
* [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/29/world/europe/29poland.html An Afghanistan War-Crimes Case Tests Poland’s Commitment to Foreign Missions], ''[[The New York Times]]'', November 29, 2007
* [http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2007/12/05/NATO_Poland_to_deal_with_war_crimes/UPI-99771196882523/ NATO: Poland to deal with war crimes], [[United Press International|UPI]], December 5, 2007
* [http://www.military.com/NewsContent/0,13319,159066,00.html Polish Troops Face War Crimes Charges], [[Military.com]], December 28, 2007
* [http://wyborcza.pl/1,86871,5456788,Nangar_Khel__Inspecting_the_Scene.html Nangar Khel: Inspecting the Scene], ''[[Gazeta Wyborcza]]'', 2008-07-15
* [http://wyborcza.pl/1,86871,5496838,Nangar_Khel___a_Reconstruction.html Nangar Khel - a Reconstruction], ''[[Gazeta Wyborcza]]'', 2008-07-28
* [http://www.warsawvoice.pl/view/18935 Court Criticizes Nangar Khel Probe], [[Warsaw Voice]], 22 October 2008
* [http://wyborcza.pl/1,86871,6229886,Nangar_Khel_Comes_Up.html Nangar Khel Comes Up], ''[[Gazeta Wyborcza]]'', 2009-02-03
* [https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/poland-supreme-court-nangar-khel-incident-judgment-supreme-court-poland-17-february-2016 Poland, Supreme Court, Nangar Khel Incident, the Judgment of the Supreme Court of Poland of 17 February 2016], ''[[ICRC Casebook]]''
* [http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/241080,Killing-of-Afghan-civilians-was-not-war-crime-Polish-court-rules], 2016-02-22

{{War in Afghanistan|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nangar Khel Incident}}
[[Category:2007 massacres of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)]]
[[Category:2007 in Poland]]
[[Category:Civilian casualties in the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)]]
[[Category:August 2007 in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Events that led to courts-martial]]
[[Category:Massacres committed by Poland]]
[[Category:21st-century military history of Poland]]