View source for NLM CityHopper

{{short description|Former Dutch commuter airline}}
{{Infobox airline
 | airline          = NLM CityHopper
 | image            = NLM CityHopper (logo).png
 | image_size       = <!-- NNN -->
 | alt              = <!-- Describe the logo to a sight impared user -->
 | IATA             = HN
 | ICAO             = NLM
 | callsign         = CITY
 | founded          = {{Start date|1966}}
 | commenced        = {{Start date|1966|8|29|df=yes}}
 | ceased           = {{End date|1991|3|31|df=yes}} <small>(rebranded as [[KLM Cityhopper]])</small>
 | hubs             = {{ubl|[[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol]]}}
 | fleet_size       = <!-- NNN -->
 | destinations     = <!-- NNN -->
 | company_slogan   = <!-- Insert company marketing slogan -->
 | parent           = [[KLM]] (100%)
 | headquarters     = [[Amsterdam Airport]]<br />[[Haarlemmermeer]], [[Netherlands]]
}}
'''NLM CityHopper''', full name '''Nederlandse Luchtvaart Maatschappij''' ('''Dutch Aviation Company'''), was a Dutch [[commuter airline]], founded in 1966. Its head office was in Building 70 in [[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Schiphol Airport East]] in [[Haarlemmermeer]], [[Netherlands]].<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''[[Flight International]]''. May 16, 1981. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1981/1981%20-%201450.html?search=%22Muse%20Air%22 1452]. "Head Office: Building 70, Schiphol Airport East, Amsterdam, Netherlands."</ref>

==History==
[[File:Fokker F27-300 PH-KFA NLM GRON 13.03.67 edited-3.jpg|thumb|right|NLM [[Fokker F.27|Fokker F.27 Friendship]] wearing the initial titles without ''CityHopper'' at Groningen in 1967]]
The [[Air carrier|carrier]] was formed as '''NLM Nederlandse Luchtvaart Maatschappij''' in 1966.<ref name="FI1967">{{cite journal|title= WORLD AIRLINE SURVEY... – Nederlandse Luchtvaart Maatschappij (NLM)|journal = [[Flight International]]|date= 13 April 1967|pages= 581|format= PDF|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200595.html|access-date= 12 November 2011}}</ref> Starting operations on 29 August 1966 using [[Aircraft lease|lease]]d [[Fokker F27]] aircraft from the [[Royal Dutch Air Force]], it was set up as a KLM subsidiary under a two-year contract to operate domestic services within the [[Netherlands]].<ref name="FI1967" /> The airline saw the incorporation of the [[Fokker F28]] in 1978.<ref>{{cite journal|title= COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT OF THE WORLD – Fokker-VFW International|journal= Flight International|date= 11 November 1978|pages= 1789{{spaced ndash}}1791|format= PDF|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%202857.html|access-date= 14 November 2011|quote= The Mk 4000 is now operating with a number of European internal airlines. NLM CityHopper and [[Air Anglia]] have both introduced the aircraft this year...}}</ref>{{rp|1790}}<ref>{{cite journal|title= Air transport|journal= Flight International|date= 6 May 1978|pages= 1361|format= PDF|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200741.html|access-date= 14 November 2011|quote= Above First F.28 in NLM CityHopper livery.}}</ref>

[[Amsterdam]], [[Eindhoven]], [[Enschede]], [[Groningen (city)|Groningen]], [[Maastricht]], and [[Rotterdam]] comprised the airline's network at the beginning.<ref name="FI1967" /> The Eindhoven–[[Hamburg]] route was the first international service flown by the airline; it was initially aimed at providing a scheduled executive service for [[Philips]], and was made public in {{Start date|1974|4}}.<ref>{{cite journal|title= AIR TRANSPORT... – NLM GOES INTERNATIONAL|journal= Flight International|date= 21 March 1974|format= PDF|pages= 358|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1974/1974%20-%200416.html|access-date= 13 November 2011}}</ref> [[London-Gatwick]] was added to the network in early 1975.<ref name="FI1975-107-227" />

The airline changed its name to '''NLM CityHopper''', following the acquisition of [[Netherlines]] by its parent company KLM in {{Start date|1988|4}}; operations of both subsidiaries were subsequently merged.<ref name="FI1990" /> Despite sharing their operational structure, both companies were separate entities until 1 April 1991, when they were absorbed into the newly created [[KLM Cityhopper]].<ref name="FI1991" />

== Destinations ==
[[File:NLM CityHopper F-27-200 PH-SAD JER 1983-6-16.png|thumb|An NLM CityHopper Fokker F-27-200 at Jersey Airport (1983)]]
[[File:NLM CityHopper F-28-4000 PH-CHD CDG 1980-8-14.png|thumb|An NLM CityHopper Fokker F-28-4000 at Charles de Gaulle Airport (1980)]]

The airline served the following destinations throughout its history:

{{inc-transport|date=October 2021}}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%" width="500"
!style="background:#1E90FF; color: white" rowspan="2"|City
!style="background:#1E90FF; color: white" colspan="2"|Airport code
!style="background:#1E90FF; color: white" rowspan="2"|Airport name
!style="background:#1E90FF; color: white" rowspan="2"|Refs
|-
!style="background:#1E90FF; color: white"|IATA
!style="background:#1E90FF; color: white"|ICAO
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{BEL}}'''
|-
|[[Antwerp]]||align=center|ANR||align=center|EBAW||[[Antwerp International Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990">{{cite journal|title= World Airline Directory – NLM CityHopper/Netherlines|journal= Flight International|pages= 114|date= 14–20 March 1990|format= PDF|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%200766.html|access-date= 12 November 2011}}</ref>
|-
|[[Brussels]]||align=center|BRU||align=center|EBBR||[[Brussels Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{FRA}}'''
|-
|[[Paris]]||align=center|CDG||align=center|LFPG||[[Charles de Gaulle Airport]]||align=center|<ref>{{cite journal|title= Licensed ATR42 tours USA|journal= Flight International|date= 5 October 1985|pages= 6|format= PDF|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%202740.html|access-date= 14 November 2011|quote= KLM subsidiary NLM CityHopper already flies Rotterdam-Paris Charles de Gaulle...}}</ref>
|-
|[[Strasbourg]]||align=center|SXB||align=center|LFST||[[Strasbourg Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{GER}}'''
|-
|[[Bremen]]||align=center|BRE||align=center|EDDW||[[Bremen Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[Düsseldorf]]||align=center|DUS||align=center|EDDL||[[Düsseldorf Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[Hannover]]||align=center|HAJ||align=center|EDDV||[[Hannover-Langenhagen Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[Stuttgart]]||align=center|STR||align=center|EDDS||[[Stuttgart Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{GGY}}'''
|-
|'''Guernsey'''||align=center|GCI||align=center|EGJB||[[Guernsey Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{JEY}}'''
|-
|'''Jersey'''||align=center|JER||align=center|EGJJ||[[Jersey Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{LUX}}'''
|-
|[[Luxembourg (city)|Luxembourg]]||align=center|LUX||align=center|ELLX||[[Findel Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{NED}}'''
|-
|Amsterdam||align=center|AMS||align=center|EHAM||[[Schiphol Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|Eindhoven||align=center|EIN||align=center|EHEH||[[Eindhoven Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|Enschede||align=center|ENS||align=center|EHTW||[[Enschede Airport Twente]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1967" />
|-
|Groningen||align=center|GRQ||align=center|EHGG||[[Groningen Airport Eelde]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1967" />
|-
|Maastricht||align=center|MST||align=center|EHBK||[[Maastricht Aachen Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|Rotterdam||align=center|RTM||align=center|EHRD||[[Rotterdam The Hague Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1967" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{SWE}}'''
|-
|[[Malmö]]||align=center|MMX||align=center|ESMS||[[Malmö Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-bgcolor=#F0F8FF
|colspan="6"|'''{{UK}}'''
|-
|[[Birmingham]]||align=center|BHX||align=center|EGBB||[[Birmingham Airport, England|Birmingham Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[Bristol]]||align=center|BRS||align=center|EGGD||[[Bristol Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[Cardiff]]||align=center|CWL||align=center|EGFF||[[Cardiff Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[East Midlands]]||align=center|EMA||align=center|EGNX||[[East Midlands Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|rowspan="3"|[[London]]||align=center|LGW||align=center|EGKK||[[Gatwick Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|align=center|LHR||align=center|EGLL||[[Heathrow Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|align=center|LTN||align=center|EGGW||[[Luton Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|-
|[[Southampton]]||align=center|SOU||align=center|EGHI||[[Southampton Airport]]||align=center|<ref name="FI1990" />
|}

==Fleet==
{{multiple image
|caption_align=center
|header_align=center
<!-- Essential parameters -->
 | align             =
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 | background color  =
<!-- Header -->
 | header_background =
 | header            = NLM CityHopper fleet

 | width             = <!-- image width in pixels (an integer, omit "px" suffix); overrides "width[n]"s below -->
<!--image 1-->
 | image1            = PHFHF.JPG
 | width1            =
 | alt1              =
 | link1             =
 | caption1          = A preserved Fokker F27 in the initial colour scheme of NLM
<!--image 2-->
 | image2            = NLM CityHopper F-28-4000 PH-CHI CDG 1981-5-25.png
 | width2            =
 | alt2              =
 | link2             =
 | caption2          = A Fokker F-28-4000 at Charles de Gaulle Airport. This particular aircraft crashed on 6 October 1981 because of bad weather.<ref name="ASN" />
<!-- and so on, to a maximum of 10 images (image10) -->
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}}
Following is a list of aircraft flown by the airline throughout its history.

* [[Fokker F27 Friendship|Fokker F-27-200]]<ref name="FI1990" />
* [[Fokker F27 Friendship|Fokker F-27-300]]<ref name="FI1970">{{cite journal|title= WORLD AIRLINES 1970... – Nederlandse Luchtvaart Maatschappij (NLM)|journal= Flight International|date= 26 March 1970|pages= 492|format= PDF|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1970/1970%20-%200542.html|access-date= 13 November 2011}}</ref>
* [[Fokker F27 Friendship|Fokker F-27-400]]<ref name="FI1990" />
* [[Fokker F27 Friendship|Fokker F-27-500]]<ref name="FI1990" />
* [[Fokker F28 Fellowship|Fokker F-28-3000]]<ref name="FI1985-20" />
* [[Fokker F28 Fellowship|Fokker F-28-4000]]<ref name="FI1990" />
* [[Jetstream 31]]<ref name="FI1990" />
* [[Saab 340]]<ref name="FI1990" />
{{clear right}}

== Accidents and incidents ==
According to [[Aviation Safety Network]], NLM CityHopper records a single accident/incident event.<ref>{{cite web|title= Accident record for NLM CityHopper|url= https://asn.flightsafety.org/database/operators/5588|publisher= Aviation Safety Network|date= 28 November 2004|access-date= 12 November 2011}}</ref>

* 6 October 1981: A [[Fokker F28|Fokker F-28-4000]], [[Aircraft registration|registration]] PH-CHI, that was operating the first leg of an international scheduled Rotterdam–Eindhoven–Hamburg passenger service as [[NLM CityHopper Flight 431]], entered a [[tornado]] that caused the starboard wing to separate from the fuselage. The aircraft dived into the ground from {{convert|3000|ft|m|abbr=on}} and crashed near [[Moerdijk]], killing all 17 people aboard.<ref name="ASN">{{ASN accident|id= 19811006-0|title= PH-CHI|accessdate= 12 November 2011}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Transport in the Netherlands]]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="FI1975-107-227">{{cite journal|title= Air transport|journal= [[Flight International]]|volume= 107|issue= 3440|date= 13 February 1975|page= 227|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200275.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170824150130/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1975/1975%20-%200275.html|archive-date= 24 August 2017|url-status= live}}</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1985-20">{{cite journal|title= KLM orders the F.100|journal= [[Flight International]]|issn= 0015-3710|volume= 127|number= 3963|date= 8 June 1985|page= 20|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%201864.html|quote= The Dutch carrier was one of Fokker's first customers for the F.27. Its subsidiary airline NLM CityHopper currently flies four F.28-3000s and three F.27-500s.|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150606142937/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%201864.html|archive-date= 6 June 2015}}&nbsp;</ref>
<!-- + -->
<ref name="FI1991">{{cite journal|title= World Airline Directory – KLM CityHopper|journal= [[Flight International]]|issn= 0015-3710|volume= 139|number= 4260|date= 27 March – 2 April 1991|page= 98|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%200780.html|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121113235146/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1991/1991%20-%200780.html|url-status= dead|archive-date= 13 November 2012}}&nbsp;</ref>
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{{Portalbar|Netherlands|Companies|Aviation}}
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2014}}
{{Airlines of the Netherlands}}
{{KLM Royal Dutch Airlines}}

[[Category:NLM CityHopper| ]]
[[Category:Defunct airlines of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Airlines established in 1966]]
[[Category:Airlines disestablished in 1991]]
[[Category:Dutch companies established in 1966]]
[[Category:Dutch companies disestablished in 1991]]