View source for NGC 4323

{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices}}
{{Infobox Galaxy
 | name = [[New General Catalogue|NGC]] 4323
 | image = SDSS NGC 4323.jpg
 | image_size = 250px
 | caption = [[Sloan Digital Sky Survey|SDSS]] image of NGC 4323.
 | constellation name = [[Coma Berenices]]<ref name="sinnott1988"/>
 | epoch = [[J2000]]
 | type = SB0^0(r), dE<ref name="ned">{{cite web
 | title=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
 | work=Results for NGC 4306
 | url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/
 | access-date=2019-08-11}}</ref>
 | ra = {{RA|12|23|01.7}}<ref name="ned"/>
 | dec = {{DEC|15|54|20}}<ref name="ned"/>
 | dist_ly = 52.5<ref name="xiv"/> [[light-year|Mly]]
 | z = 0.006182<ref name="ned"/>
 | h_radial_v = 869 km/s<ref name="ned"/>
 | mass =  1.7{{e|9}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Conselice|first1=Christopher J.|last2=O'Neil|first2=Karen|last3=Gallagher|first3=John S.|last4=Wyse|first4=Rosemary F. G.|date=2003-07-01|title=Galaxy Populations and Evolution in Clusters. IV. Deep H I Observations of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=591|issue=1|pages=167–184|doi=10.1086/375216|issn=0004-637X|bibcode=2003ApJ...591..167C|arxiv=astro-ph/0303185|s2cid=18689071}}</ref>
| appmag_v = 15.1g<ref name="ned"/>
 | size_v = {{nowrap|0.953′ × 0.610′}}<ref name="ApJ131_1163"/>
 | names = PGC 40171, VCC 608, MCG +03-32-016<ref name="ned"/>	
|group_cluster=[[Virgo Cluster]]
|size=~{{convert|7|kpc|ly|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip}} (estimated)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Koleva|first1=Mina|last2=Bouchard|first2=Antoine|last3=Prugniel|first3=Philippe|last4=De Rijcke|first4=Sven|last5=Vauglin|first5=Isabelle|date=2013-02-01|title=The transmutation of dwarf galaxies: stellar populations|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=428|issue=4|pages=2949–2965|doi=10.1093/mnras/sts238|issn=0035-8711|bibcode=2013MNRAS.428.2949K|doi-access=free|hdl=1854/LU-4130746|hdl-access=free}}</ref>}}

'''NGC 4323''' is a [[lenticular galaxy|lenticular]] or [[dwarf elliptical galaxy|dwarf elliptical]] [[galaxy]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=NGC+4323&extend=no&hconst=73&omegam=0.27&omegav=0.73&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES|title=Your NED Search Results|website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu|access-date=2017-08-28}}</ref> located about 52.5 million [[light-year]]s away in the [[constellation]] [[Coma Berenices]]. The galaxy was discovered in 1882 by astronomer [[Wilhelm Tempel]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc43.htm#4323|title=New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4300 - 4349|website=cseligman.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-08-28}}</ref> and is a member of the [[Virgo Cluster]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/NEDatt?objname=NGC+4323|title=Detailed Object Classifications|website=ned.ipac.caltech.edu|access-date=2017-08-28}}</ref>

NGC 4323 is commonly misidentified as [[NGC 4322]], which is a 13th magnitude [[star]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.astronomy-mall.com/Adventures.In.Deep.Space/NGC%204000%20-%204999%20(11-30-17).htm|title=Astronomy-Mall: Adventures In Deep Space NGC objects 4001-4999|last=Gottlieb|first=Steve|website=Astronomy-Mall|access-date=2020-05-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://haroldcorwin.net/ngcic/ngcnotes.all|title=Notes on the NGC objects, particularly those missing, misidentified, or otherwise unusual (ngcnotes.all).|website=Historically-aware NGC/IC Positions and Notes|access-date=2020-05-05}}</ref>

==Interaction with Messier 100==
NGC 4323 is a companion of [[Messier 100]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pan|first1=Hsi-An|last2=Kuno|first2=Nario|date=April 2017|title=Variation in GMC Association Properties across the Bars, Spiral Arms, Inter-arms, and Circumnuclear Region of M100 (NGC 4321) Extracted from ALMA Observations|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|language=en|volume=839|issue=2|pages=133|doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aa60c2|arxiv=1702.04124|bibcode=2017ApJ...839..133P|issn=0004-637X|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Kendall|first1=S.|last2=Kennicutt|first2=R. C.|last3=Clarke|first3=C.|date=2011-06-11|title=Spiral structure in nearby galaxies - I. Sample, data analysis and overview of results: Spiral structure in nearby galaxies - I|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|language=en|volume=414|issue=1|pages=538–564|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18422.x|doi-access=free|arxiv=1101.5764}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last1=Weżgowiec|first1=M.|last2=Urbanik|first2=M.|last3=Beck|first3=R.|last4=Chyży|first4=K. T.|last5=Soida|first5=M.|date=September 2012|title=The magnetic fields of large Virgo cluster spirals. II|journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics|volume=545|pages=A69|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201218871|arxiv=1208.2845|bibcode=2012A&A...545A..69W|issn=0004-6361|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last1=Wilson|first1=C. D.|last2=Warren|first2=B. E.|last3=Israel|first3=F. P.|last4=Serjeant|first4=S.|last5=Bendo|first5=G.|last6=Brinks|first6=E.|last7=Clements|first7=D.|last8=Courteau|first8=S.|last9=Irwin|first9=J.|last10=Knapen|first10=J. H.|last11=Leech|first11=J.|date=2009-03-10|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=693|issue=2|pages=1736–1748|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/693/2/1736|issn=0004-637X|title=The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope Nearby Galaxies Legacy Survey. I. Star-Forming Molecular Gas in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies|arxiv=0812.1718|bibcode=2009ApJ...693.1736W|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|last1=Elmegreen|first1=Debra Meloy|last2=Elmegreen|first2=Bruce G.|last3=Yau|first3=Andrew|last4=Athanassoula|first4=E.|author4-link=Lia Athanassoula|last5=Bosma|first5=Albert|last6=Buta|first6=Ronald J.|last7=Helou|first7=George|last8=Ho|first8=Luis C.|last9=Gadotti|first9=Dimitri A.|last10=Knapen|first10=Johan H.|last11=Laurikainen|first11=Eija|date=2011-08-10|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=737|issue=1|pages=32|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/32|issn=0004-637X|title=Grand Design and Flocculent Spirals in Thespitzersurvey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G)|arxiv=1106.4840|bibcode=2011ApJ...737...32E|hdl=1854/LU-8622875|url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8622875|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Chung|first1=Aeree|last2=van Gorkom|first2=J. H.|last3=Kenney|first3=Jeffrey D. P.|last4=Crowl|first4=Hugh|last5=Vollmer|first5=Bernd|date=2009-12-01|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=138|issue=6|pages=1741–1816|doi=10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1741|issn=0004-6256|title=Vla Imaging of Virgo Spirals in Atomic Gas (Viva). I. The Atlas and the H I Properties|bibcode=2009AJ....138.1741C|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Egusa|first1=Fumi|last2=Kohno|first2=Kotaro|last3=Sofue|first3=Yoshiaki|last4=Nakanishi|first4=Hiroyuki|last5=Komugi|first5=Shinya|date=2009-06-01|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=697|issue=2|pages=1870–1891|doi=10.1088/0004-637X/697/2/1870|issn=0004-637X|title=Determining Star Formation Timescale and Pattern Speed in Nearby Spiral Galaxies|arxiv=0904.3121|bibcode=2009ApJ...697.1870E|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|last1=Knapen|first1=J. H.|last2=Beckman|first2=J. E.|last3=Heller|first3=C. H.|last4=Shlosman|first4=I.|last5=de Jong|first5=R. S.|date=December 1995|title=The Central Region in M100: Observations and Modeling|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|language=en|volume=454|pages=623–642|doi=10.1086/176516|issn=0004-637X|arxiv=astro-ph/9506098|bibcode=1995ApJ...454..623K|s2cid=118989599}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite journal|last1=Knapen|first1=Johan H.|last2=Cepa|first2=Jordi|last3=Beckman|first3=John E.|last4=Soledad del Rio|first4=M.|last5=Pedlar|first5=Alan|date=October 1993|title=Star Formation in the Spiral Arms of NGC 4321. II. H i Distribution and Kinematics|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|language=en|volume=416|pages=563|doi=10.1086/173258|bibcode=1993ApJ...416..563K|issn=0004-637X|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Hernandez|first1=Olivier|last2=Wozniak|first2=Herve|last3=Carignan|first3=Claude|last4=Amram|first4=Philippe|last5=Chemin|first5=Laurent|last6=Daigle|first6=Olivier|date=2005-10-10|title=On the Relevance of the Tremaine‐Weinberg Method Applied to an Hα Velocity Field: Pattern Speed Determination in M100 (NGC 4321)|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|language=en|volume=632|issue=1|pages=253–265|doi=10.1086/431964|arxiv=astro-ph/0505384|bibcode=2005ApJ...632..253H|issn=0004-637X|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|last1=del Rio|first1=M. S.|last2=Cepa|first2=J.|date=1998-12-01|title=The nature of arms in spiral galaxies. III. Azimuthal profiles|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=340|pages=1–20|issn=0004-6361|bibcode=1998A&A...340....1D}}</ref> which lies {{convert|24|kpc|ly|abbr=off|lk=out|order=flip}} away.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/> The two galaxies appear to be [[Interacting galaxy|interacting]],<ref name=":4"/><ref name=":6"/><ref name=":7"/><ref name=":8"/> as evidenced by Messier 100's rotation curve, an asymmetry of its [[H I region|HI]] disk,<ref name=":6"/><ref name=":7"/> and a faint, optical bridge that connects it to NGC 4323.<ref name=":3"/><ref name=":4"/><ref name=":5"/><ref name=":1"/><ref name=":7"/><ref name=":8"/> However, Knapen et al. suggests that the two galaxies are not interacting as NGC 4323 is a small galaxy and has a large separation from Messier 100.<ref name=":6"/>

==See also==
* [[List of NGC objects (4001–5000)]]

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name="ApJ131_1163">{{cite journal |doi=10.1086/498708 |last1=Skrutskie |first1=Michael F. |last2=Cutri |first2=Roc M. |last3=Stiening |first3=Rae |last4=Weinberg |first4=Martin D. |last5=Schneider |first5=Stephen E. |last6=Carpenter |first6=John M. |last7=Beichman |first7=Charles A. |last8=Capps |first8=Richard W. |last9=Chester |first9=Thomas |last10=Elias |first10=Jonathan H. |last11=Huchra |first11=John P. |last12=Liebert |first12=James W. |last13=Lonsdale |first13=Carol J. |last14=Monet |first14=David G. |last15=Price |first15=Stephan |last16=Seitzer |first16=Patrick |last17=Jarrett |first17=Thomas H. |last18=Kirkpatrick |first18=J. Davy |last19=Gizis |first19=John E. |last20=Howard |first20=Elizabeth V. |last21=Evans |first21=Tracey E. |last22=Fowler |first22=John W. |last23=Fullmer |first23=Linda |last24=Hurt |first24=Robert L. |last25=Light |first25=Robert M. |last26=Kopan |first26=Eugene L. |last27=Marsh |first27=Kenneth A. |last28=McCallon |first28=Howard L. |last29=Tam |first29=Robert |last30=Van Dyk |first30=Schuyler D. |last31=Wheelock |first31=Sherry L. |title=The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=1 February 2006 |volume=131 |issue=2 |pages=1163–1183 |bibcode=2006AJ....131.1163S |s2cid=18913331 |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AJ....131.1163S/abstract |issn=0004-6256 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<!--ref name="ned">{{cite web
 | work=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
 | title=Results for NGC 4321 | publisher=NASA
 | url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/
 | access-date=2006-08-31
}}</ref-->

<ref name="xiv">{{cite journal
 | title=Pattern Speeds BIMA-SONG Galaxies with Molecule-Dominated ISMs Using the Tremaine-Weinberg Method
 | volume=614
 | pages=142–157
 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal
 | arxiv=astro-ph/0406426
|bibcode = 2004ApJ...614..142R |doi = 10.1086/423423 | year=2004
 | last1=Rand
 | first1=Richard J.
 | last2=Wallin
 | first2=John F.
  | issue=1
 | s2cid=17095983
 }}</ref>

<ref name="sinnott1988">{{cite book 
 | editor1-first=R. W. | editor1-last=Sinnott
 | title= The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters
 | first1=J. L. E. | last1=Dreyer
 | date=1988
 | publisher=Sky Publishing Corporation and Cambridge University Press
 | isbn=978-0-933346-51-2
}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
{{commonscat}}
{{WikiSky}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160312100728/http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?protocol=html&Ident=NGC+4323&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id NGC 4323]


{{Ngc45}}
{{Coma Berenices}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:NGC 4323}}
[[Category:Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects|40171]]
[[Category:Dwarf elliptical galaxies]]
[[Category:Coma Berenices]]
[[Category:Messier 100]]
[[Category:NGC objects|4323]]
[[Category:Virgo Cluster]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1882]]
[[Category:Lenticular galaxies]]
[[Category:Interacting galaxies]]