View source for NGC 2442 and NGC 2443

{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Volans}}
{{Infobox Galaxy
| name = [[New General Catalogue|NGC]] 2442 / 2443
| image = File:Ngc2442 wide field cropped.jpg
| caption = NGC 2442 (upper spiral structure) and NGC 2443 (lower horizontal spiral arm)<ref>[https://ngcicproject.observers.org/NGC/NGC_24xx/NGC_2443.htm NGC/IC Project Restoration Effortngcicproject.observers.org ]</ref>  
| credit =
| epoch = [[J2000]] 
| type = SAB(s)bc pec<ref name="ned">{{cite web
  | title=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database
  | work=Results for NGC 2442 / 2443
  | url=http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=NGC+2442
  | access-date=2023-02-08 }}</ref>
| ra = {{RA|07|36|23.8}}<ref name="ned" />
| dec = {{DEC|-69|31|51}}<ref name="ned" />
| dist_ly =
| z = 1466 ± 5 km/[[second|s]]<ref name="ned" />
| appmag_v = 11.2<ref name="ned" />
| size_v = 5′.5 × 4′.9<ref name="ned" />
| size = ~160,000 [[Light-Year|ly]] (48.94 [[kiloparsec|kpc]]) (estimated)<ref name="ned" />
| constellation name = [[Volans]]
| notes = SW part is NGC 2442<br />while NE part is NGC 2443
| names = [[Principal Galaxies Catalogue|PGC]] 21373<ref name="ned" />
}}

'''NGC 2442''' and '''NGC 2443''' are two parts of a single [[intermediate spiral galaxy]], commonly known as the  '''Meathook Galaxy''' or the '''Cobra and Mouse'''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chadwick |first1=S |last2=Cooper |first2=I |title=Imaging the Southern Sky |date=11 December 2012 |publisher=Springer |location=New York |isbn=978-1461447498 |page=263}}</ref>  It is about 50 million [[light-year]]s away in the [[constellation]] [[Volans]]. It was discovered by Sir [[John Herschel]] on December 23, 1834 during his survey of southern skies with a 18.25 inch diameter [[reflecting telescope]] (his "20-foot telescope") from an observatory he set up in [[Cape Town, South Africa]].<ref name=Seligman>{{cite web|last1=Seligman|first1=Courtney|title=Celestial Atlas: NGC Objects: NGC 2400 - 2449|url=http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc24.htm#2443|website=cseligman.com|access-date=10 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909235357/http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc24.htm#2443|archive-date=9 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Associated with this galaxy is HIPASS J0731-69, a cloud of gas devoid of any stars.<ref name="Ryder">{{cite journal| author =Ryder, S.D.| title = HIPASS Detection of an Intergalactic Gas Cloud in the NGC 2442 Group | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | volume = 555 | issue = 1 | pages = 232–239 | date =July 2001 | bibcode =2001ApJ...555..232R |display-authors=etal| arxiv =astro-ph/0103099| doi =10.1086/321453| s2cid = 14455875 }}</ref> It is likely that the cloud was torn loose from NGC 2442 by a companion.<ref name="Ryder"/>

When [[John Louis Emil Dreyer]] compiled the ''[[New General Catalogue]] of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars'' he used  William Herschel's earlier observations that described two objects in a "double nebula", giving the northern most the designation NGC 2443 and the southernmost most the designation NGC 2442. Herschel's later observations noted that the two objects were actually a single large nebula.<ref name=Seligman>{{cite web|last1=Seligman|first1=Courtney|title=Celestial Atlas: NGC Objects: NGC 2400 - 2449|url=http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc24.htm#2443|website=cseligman.com|access-date=10 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909235357/http://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc24.htm#2443|archive-date=9 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://ngcicproject.observers.org/NGC/NGC_24xx/NGC_2443.htm NGC/IC Project Restoration Effortngcicproject.observers.org ]</ref>

== Supernovae ==

Two, or perhaps three, [[supernova]]e have been observed in NGC 2442:
* SN 1999ga ([[Type_II_supernova|type II]], mag. 18) was discovered  by the Perth Astronomical Research Group on 19 November 1999.<ref>{{cite journal | bibcode=1999IAUC.7316....1W| title=Supernova 1999ga in NGC 2442| last1=Woodings| first1=S.| last2=Martin| first2=R.| last3=Williams| first3=A.| last4=Biggs| first4=J.| last5=Verveer| first5=A.| journal=International Astronomical Union Circular| date=1999| issue=7316| page=1 | url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07300/07316.html#Item1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | website=Transient Name Server | title=SN{{nbsp}}1999ga | url=https://www.wis-tns.org/object/1999ga | publisher = [[International_Astronomical_Union|IAU]] | access-date=9 December 2024}}</ref>
* SN 2015F ([[type Ia supernova|type&nbsp;Ia]], mag. 16.8) was discovered by Libert "Berto" Monard on 9 March 2015.<ref>{{cite journal | bibcode=2015CBET.4081....1M| title=Supernova 2015F in NGC 2442 = PSN J07361576-6930230| last1=Monard| first1=L. A. G.| last2=Fraser| first2=M.| last3=Smith| first3=M.| last4=Firth| first4=R.| last5=Dimitriadis| first5=G.| last6=Frohmaier| first6=C.| last7=Cartier| first7=R.| last8=Prajs| first8=S.| last9=Sullivan| first9=M.| last10=Anderson| first10=J.| last11=Maguire| first11=K.| last12=Inserra| first12=C.| last13=Smartt| first13=S. J.| last14=Smith| first14=K. W.| last15=Young| first15=D.| last16=Valenti| first16=S.| last17=Yaron| first17=O.| last18=Manulis| first18=I.| journal=Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams| date=2015| issue=4081| page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | website=Transient Name Server | title=SN{{nbsp}}2015F | url=https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2015F | publisher = [[International_Astronomical_Union|IAU]] | access-date=9 December 2024}}</ref> It reached magnitude 12.9, making it the brightest supernova of 2015.<ref>{{cite web
	| url = https://www.rochesterastronomy.org/sn2015/index.html
	| title = Bright Supernovae - 2015
	| last = Bishop
	| first = David
	| website = Rochester Astronomy
	| access-date = 9 December 2024
}}</ref>

* '''Gaia16cfr''', also known as AT 2016jbu,<ref>{{cite web | website=Transient Name Server | title=AT{{nbsp}}2016jbu | url=https://www.wis-tns.org/object/2016jbu | publisher = [[International_Astronomical_Union|IAU]] | access-date=31 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 | url = https://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=9938
 | title = PESSTO classification and characterisation of AT 2016jbu / Gaia16cfr
 | last = Fox
 | first = Derek
 | date = 4 January 2017
 | website = The Astronomer's Telegram
 | access-date = 31 August 2024 }}</ref> was a [[supernova imposter]] that occurred in NGC 2442 on 1 December 2016.  It reached a Gaia [[apparent magnitude]] of 19.3 and [[absolute magnitude]] of about &minus;12.<ref name=gaia16cfr>{{cite journal|bibcode=2018MNRAS.473.4805K|title=Connecting the progenitors, pre-explosion variability and giant outbursts of luminous blue variables with Gaia16cfr|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=473|issue=4|pages=4805|last1=Kilpatrick|first1=Charles D.|last2=Foley|first2=Ryan J.|last3=Drout|first3=Maria R.|last4=Pan|first4=Yen-Chen|last5=Panther|first5=Fiona H.|last6=Coulter|first6=David A.|last7=Filippenko|first7=Alexei V.|last8=Marion|first8=G. Howard|last9=Piro|first9=Anthony L.|last10=Rest|first10=Armin|last11=Seitenzahl|first11=Ivo R.|last12=Strampelli|first12=Giovanni|last13=Wang|first13=Xi E.|year=2018|doi=10.1093/mnras/stx2675|doi-access=free |arxiv=1706.09962}}</ref> However, a paper published in August 2022 suggested that this was a genuine, but strange, supernova.<ref>{{cite journal | bibcode=2022A&A...664L..18B| title=The impostor revealed: SN 2016jbu was a terminal explosion| last1=Brennan| first1=S. J.| last2=Elias-Rosa| first2=N.| last3=Fraser| first3=M.| last4=Van Dyk| first4=S. D.| last5=Lyman| first5=J. D.| journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics| date=2022| volume=664| pages=L18| doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202244262| arxiv=2206.06365}}</ref>

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|NGC 2442}}
* [http://www.astrosurf.com/antilhue/ngc_2442_in_volans.htm NGC 2442 in Volans]
*[[Astronomy Picture of the Day]]
**[http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap070315.html NGC 2442: Galaxy in Volans] 2007 March 15
** [http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap100325.html NGC 2442: Galaxy in Volans] 2010 March 25 - from [[Hubble Space Telescope]] data
** [http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap170817.html NGC 2442: Galaxy in Volans] 2017 August 17- from [[Hubble Space Telescope]] and [[European Southern Observatory]] data
* {{WikiSky}}
{{Sky|07|36|23.8|-|69|31|51|50000000}}

{{Catalogs|NGC=2442|NGC2=2443|PGC=21373}}
{{Ngc25}}

{{Volans}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:NGC 2442 2443}}
[[Category:Peculiar galaxies]]
[[Category:Intermediate spiral galaxies]]
[[Category:Volans]]
[[Category:NGC objects|2442]]
[[Category:Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects|21373]]


{{Spiral-galaxy-stub}}