View source for NAMC YS-11

{{short description|Turboprop airliner produced by NAMC (Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation)}}
{{Expand Japanese|topic=transp|YS-11|fa=yes|date=September 2015}}
{{Infobox aircraft
 |name= YS-11
 |image= File:'Japan Navy Schedule 21' Atsugi route 4 departure. (8382459963).jpg
 |caption= A [[Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force]] YS-11M in 2013
 |type= [[Turboprop]] [[airliner]]
 |national_origin= Japan
 |manufacturer= [[Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation]]
 |first_flight= 30 August 1962
 |introduction= 30 March 1965, for [[All Nippon Airways]] (first passenger flight with [[Japan Air Commuter]] in 1965)
 |status={{bulleted list|In very limited service (as of 30 June 2024)}}
 |produced= 1962–1974
 |number_built= 182
 |unit cost = US$2M (1972)<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%202020.html |title= Airliner price index |magazine= Flight International |date= 10 August 1972 |page= 183}}</ref>
}}

The '''NAMC YS-11''' is a [[turboprop]] [[airliner]] designed and built by the [[Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation]] (NAMC), a Japanese consortium. It was the only [[post-war]] airliner to be wholly designed and manufactured in Japan until the development of the [[Mitsubishi SpaceJet]] during the 2010s, roughly 50 years later.<ref name="AviationWeekSTMitsubishiLeadsJapaneseAircraftResurgence">{{cite magazine |last1=Mecham |first1=Michael |last2=Anselmo |first2=Joe |title=Mitsubishi Leads Japanese Aircraft Resurgence |url=http://aviationweek.com/site-files/aviationweek.com/files/uploads/2014/10/AW_03_17_2008_p68-70.pdf |access-date=25 October 2014 |magazine=[[Aviation Week & Space Technology]] |date=17 March 2008 <!--See subscription article at http://aviationweek.com/awin/mitsubishi-leads-japanese-aircraft-resurgence --> |archive-date=25 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025164838/http://aviationweek.com/site-files/aviationweek.com/files/uploads/2014/10/AW_03_17_2008_p68-70.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=ans1/>

Development of the YS-11 can be largely attributed to Japan's [[Ministry of International Trade and Industry]] (MITI), which had encouraged Japanese aircraft companies to collaborate on the development of a short-haul airliner as early as 1954. In 1959, NAMC was formed to design and produce an aircraft to satisfy MITI's requirements, dubbed the YS-11. On 30 August 1962, the first prototype performed its [[maiden flight]]. Deliveries commenced on 30 March 1965, and commercial operations began the following month. The majority of orders for the type were issued from various Japanese airlines. While sales to such customers were swift in the YS-11's initial years of availability, this limited market soon became saturated, leading to a slump in demand.

Production of the type came to an end in 1974 as a result of efforts to increase sales to international clients, including the creation of the better YS-11A variation. In the end, the YS-11 had shown that Japan was capable of building an airliner, but NAMC had racked up a huge debt, and the type is generally regarded as a commercial failure. Large numbers of the type continued to be in service until 2006, at which point tighter Japanese aircraft regulations imposed by the [[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism]] necessitated either the withdrawal or refitting of all YS-11s. By 2018, only a single example reportedly remained in commercial service.

==Development and design==
===Origins===
[[File:YS-11 Wind tunnel model.jpg|thumb|A wind tunnel model of the YS-11]]
During the mid-to-late 1950s, the Japanese [[Ministry of International Trade and Industry]] (MITI) identified a requirement for a short-haul airliner to replace [[Douglas DC-3]]s flying on Japan's domestic routes, and encouraged companies in Japan's aircraft industry to collaborate to develop and produce a domestic airliner to meet this need. Towards this purpose, in May 1957, the ''Commercial Transport Design Research Association'' was established and the availability of government [[subsidy|subsidies]] guaranteed. From the government's viewpoint, the development of such an airliner was viewed as a key initiative towards the post-war revival of the nation's aircraft companies, which came in addition to the serious ambition to become a major international competitor in the global airliner business.<ref name = "nyt piedmont"/> Furthermore, while this requirement had been conceived primarily in a commercial context, there was an early recognition of the value for multiple branches of the Japanese Defense Agency (JDA) to be readily able to adopt the type as well; as a philosophy, this not only extended to the prospective airliner itself, but the various technologies involved in its development and manufacture.<ref name=":0"/>

In response to this encouragement, during 1957, a [[joint venture]] between [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]], [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries]], [[Fuji Heavy Industries]], [[ShinMaywa|Shin Meiwa]], [[Showa Aircraft Industry]] Company and Japan Aircraft Industry Company was established for the purpose of developing and manufacturing the envisioned airliner. Two years later, this partnership was formalised as the ''Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company'' (NAMC).<ref name="Endres p22">Endres 1996, p. 22.</ref><ref name="JAWA66 p107">Taylor 1966, p. 107.</ref> The ownership of NAMC was initially divided between the Japanese government, which held 54% of the shares, while the constituent aircraft manufacturers held an 18% stake and several components/materials suppliers owned 11%; the remaining shares were small stakes belonging to various banks, insurance companies, and stock firms who chose to invest in the programme. However, NAMC was essentially a "paper company", being reliant upon both personnel and infrastructure provided by its constituent manufacturers.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://www.jpri.org/publications/occasionalpapers/op5.html |title=The YS-11 Project and Japan's Aerospace Potential |last=Mercado |first=Steven C. |date=September 1995 |website=www.jpri.org |access-date=16 January 2018 |archive-date=28 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191028010859/http://jpri.org/publications/occasionalpapers/op5.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name = "oda 2245">Odagiri, Odagiri and Akira 1996, pp. 224-225.</ref>

NAMC designed a low-winged twin-[[turboprop]]-engined [[monoplane]], capable of seating up to 60 passengers, dubbed the ''YS-11''.<ref name = "oda 224">Odagiri, Odagiri and Akira 1996, p. 224.</ref> Amongst the design team was [[Jiro Horikoshi]], who had previously been the designer of the famed wartime [[Mitsubishi A6M Zero]] fighter.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/12/obituaries/jiro-horikoshi-78-dies-in-tokyo-designer-of-zero-fighter-aircraft.html "Jiro Horikoshi, 78, Dies in Tokyo; Designer of Zero Fighter Aircraft."]''[[New York Times]]'', 12 January 1982. Retrieved: 8 September 2016.</ref> Another prominent engineer on the project was Teruo Tojo, the second son of Prime Minister [[Hideki Tojo]], who later became chairman of [[Mitsubishi Motors]].<ref name=":0" /> The twin-engined YS-11 was projected as delivering similar operational performance to the four-engined British-built [[Vickers Viscount]], while possessing 50% greater capacity than the similarly configured Dutch-built [[Fokker F27 Friendship]]. MITI supervised the pricing of the aircraft in order to ensure that it was competitive with the American-built [[Martin 4-0-4]].<ref name=":0" />

Although the tentative aircraft was mainly designed and manufactured in Japan, the engine selected to power the airliner was the 2,275&nbsp;kW (3,050 ehp) [[Rolls-Royce Dart|Rolls-Royce Dart RDa.10/1]] powerplant, which was both developed and produced by British-based company [[Rolls-Royce plc|Rolls-Royce]].<ref name="Endres p23">Endres 1996, p. 23.</ref> Furthermore, according to author Stephen C Mercado, due to the lack of available domestic technology at the time, several of the key aircraft systems, such as [[cabin pressurization]], were copied from foreign sources; such information was gleaned from a combination of Japanese airlines, trading companies and diplomats.<ref name=":0" /> Throughout the YS-11's production lifetime, its electronic equipment, avionics, mechanical and fuselage components were supplied by a combination of Japanese companies and foreign suppliers.<ref name=":0" />

===Name===
The “YS” of the YS-11 comes from a combination of the first letter sounds of the two Japanese words yusō (transport) and sekkei (design), which refer to the Association for Research on Transport Aircraft Design (Yusōki sekkei kenkyū kyōkai). Meanwhile, the first “1” of the “11” refers to the various engine candidates considered for the YS-11; the [[Rolls-Royce Dart|Rolls-Royce Dart RDa.10/1]], which was the engine selected, had been designated “number 1.” The second “1” refers to the aircraft specification plan selected for the YS-11, which had been one among many plans that differed by wing placement and size. There had also been a “plan 0” at one point.

A catchphrase developed around the public reveal of the YS-11 mockup, which was “Let’s meet on the 11th at Sugita in Yokohama.” Here, Yokohama represented the “Y,” the Sugita neighborhood stood for the “S,” and the 11th referred both to the plane and to the date of the public reveal (December 11, 1958). Because of this, it became common to read the “11” in “YS-11” as “eleven” (jūichi in Japanese). For those involved in designing the plane, meanwhile, the designation had originally been pronounced “YS-one-one” (or YS ichi ichi).

===Into flight===
On 30 August 1962, the first prototype performed its [[maiden flight]] from [[Nagoya Airfield|Nagoya Airport]]; it was soon followed by the second prototype, flying on 28 December 1962. Early flight testing revealed several issues to troubleshoot, including poor steering, excessive vibration and noise.<ref name = "oda 225">Odagiri, Odagiri and Akira 1996, p. 225.</ref> There was also an acute lack of safety during sideways maneuvers; the wake of the propeller produced abnormal forces that inclined the aircraft to the right; all of the rudders were ineffective; and the maneuverability was worst of all. These problems produced a tailspin during the flight test, and were the direct cause of a crash. This was known as the “three rudder problem.”

In one prestigious early flight of the type, [[All Nippon Airways]] used a YS-11 to carry the [[Olympic flame|Olympic torch]] in the run-up to the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] in Tokyo.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |url=http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201709080001.html |title=YS-11, a symbol of recovery from war, expensively gathering dust |last=Kudo |first=Ryuji |date=8 September 2017 |work=The Asahi Shimbun |access-date=16 January 2018 |language=en-us |archive-date=26 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181126180929/http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201709080001.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It received its Japanese [[Type certificate]] on 25 August 1964, while American [[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) certification followed on 9 September 1965.<ref name="Endres p23" /><ref name = "oda 225"/> Prior to applying for certification, the FAA had been involved in the programme at NAMC's invitation, performing informal project reviews so that defects could be identified and eliminated early on.<ref name=":0" />

During the late 1960s, a lack of significant international sales led to the programme incurring persistent losses, the outstanding debt eventually growing to $600 million.<ref name=ans1>Anselmo, Joe. [http://aviationweek.com/blog/milestone-mrj "Milestone for the MRJ."] ''[[Aviation Week & Space Technology]]'', 24 October 2014. Accessed: 25 October 2014.</ref> Due to the organisation of the programme, the aircraft manufacturers themselves did not have any of this debt apportioned to themselves, NAMC being held solely responsible; Mercado criticised this approach as it meant there was no incentive for the individual companies to make cost savings while simultaneously guarantee profit to them on every plane produced.<ref name=":0" /> Furthermore, it had been alleged that some participants saw the YS-11 as only a training programme to develop their employees' skills, rather than a serious commercial initiative; some participants chose to rotate large numbers of staff in and out of the project for brief periods before re-tasking them to work on internal projects.<ref name=":0" />

Mercado claims that the programme's operational mindset was closer to that of a military project than a commercial one, while a preoccupation with government-issued performance criteria obstructed considerations towards the actual desires of the commercial operators, such as operating costs and cabin configuration, that the YS-11 was marketed towards.<ref name=":0" /> As this was Japan's first, and for a long time only, post-war airliner, NAMC lacked any staff with experience in marketing towards airlines, a disadvantage against the salesmen of rival airframers. This failure to address a crucial factor in acquiring new customers has been attributed as a major contributing cause of the programme's poor commercial reception.<ref name = "oda 2256">Odagiri, Odagiri and Akira 1996, pp. 225-226.</ref>

The end of the YS-11 programme was precipitated by the 1971 [[Smithsonian Agreement]], which led to an appreciation in the value of the [[Japanese yen]] and the resulting impact upon the nation's economy.<ref name=":0" /> By this point, it was clear that there was little chance that the YS-11 could ever come close to [[break-even|breaking even]].<ref name=":0" /> These myriad factors contributed to the decision for production to be terminated after the completion of 182 aircraft. On 11 May 1973, the last YS-11 was delivered to the [[Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force]] (JMSDF).<ref name="Endres p26-7">Endres 1996, pp. 26–27.</ref>

==Operational history==
On 23 October 1964, the first production YS-11 conducted its first flight; it was delivered to its customer on 30 March 1965. During April 1965, initial airline operations commenced with launch customer [[Toa Airways]].<ref name="Endres p23"/> By 1968, the YS-11 programme accounted for about half of all aircraft production taking place in Japan that year.<ref name=":0" /> Early deliveries were mainly made to Japanese airlines, but orders for the type slowed drastically after the satisfaction of the outstanding needs of the Japanese commuter airlines for which the aircraft had been designed. Initial attempts were made to market the airliner towards various countries across [[Southeast Asia]]; at one point, the Japanese government was allegedly encouraging such sales as a form of [[war reparations]].<ref name=":0" />

Seeking to make the aircraft more attractive to the highly active [[North American]] market, NAMC decided to develop the ''YS-11A'', a new variant which possessed a higher gross weight. During 1966, a [[lease]] agreement was signed between NAMC and [[Hawaiian Air Lines]], a move which was hailed as the "first step" in the programme's new America-focused campaign.<ref name=":0" /> While a number of aircraft would be sold internationally, these were often at a loss as the sales price had been set so low, deliberately as to undercut competing airliners, but paid little heed to production costs; this deficit led to losses mounting more rapidly than anticipated.<ref name=":0" />

A major customer for the YS-11 was the American operator [[Piedmont Airlines]], who had been seeking the optimal modern airliner to serve their existing routes, which mostly comprised a number of small, mountainous airports. After evaluating numerous aircraft around the world, the company determined that the Japanese airliner was the most suitable; according to Piedmont's president, Thomas H Davis: "The YS‐11 was the only one we could find which would do it on an economical basis".<ref name = "nyt piedmont">[https://www.nytimes.com/1970/05/31/archives/the-ys11-solves-a-problem-for-piedmont.html "The YS‐11 Solves a Problem for Piedmont."] ''New York Times'', 31 May 1970.</ref> During October 1967, Piedmont Airlines ordered a batch of ten YS-11A-200s along with an option for an additional ten aircraft for $22.5 million.<ref name="Endres p24">Endres 1996, p. 24.</ref> The company was so impressed by its performance, it both exercised the option for ten aircraft and purchased an additional YS-11, operating a combined fleet of 21 YS-11s by mid-1970.<ref name = "nyt piedmont"/><ref>Lehman 2013, p. 61.</ref> Piedmont would be the type's largest international operator; ultimately, no other airline would place another order of this scale.<ref name=":0" />

===End of production===

Commercial sales of the YS-11 began to stall without a stable structure in place for sales. Especially outside of Japan, the YS-11 was forced to compete with other country's models with long-term low deferred interest payments. Nor was it rare for [[NAMC]] to have to sell the YS-11 at a discount, as this was Japan's first commercial airliner since the end of World War II, and had no proven track record. Additionally, it was also said that there was mismanagement of the program's cost management, as initial estimates had neglected to include the cost advertising or company administration. Moreover, because multiple companies were involved with the aircraft manufacturing, it was unclear who held ultimate responsibility, nor could the price of delivered parts be reduced. An increase in former government employees appointed to the company began to spread a culture of bureaucracy, making necessary drastic management reforms impossible and further increasing the program's deficit.

In particular, there was deficit in sales activities outside of Japan that were a result of fundamental problems in NAMC's administrative activities in the United States, as indicated by the Japanese government [[Board of Audit (Japan)|Board of Audit]];<ref name="Board of Audit Japan">{{cite web |url=https://report.jbaudit.go.jp/org/s44/1969-s44-0143-0.htm |title=Shōwa 44 nendo kessan kensa hōkoku: Dokusen hanbai dairiten keiyaku no teiyaku oyobi kaijo no shochi ga futōna mono |website=Board of Audit Japan |access-date=September 4, 2020 |language=ja}}</ref> this is to say nothing of the unforeseen loss due to a less favorable currency exchange that resulted after the American government switched to a [[floating exchange rate]] in 1971. When Jenks Caldwell of [[Charlotte Aircraft Corporation]], a sales dealer of used aircraft and aviation parts headquartered in [[North Carolina]], expressed a strong desire to become a sales agent in the United States through a modification of YS-11A, NAMC signed an exclusive agency contract with his company to manage sales for North America, Latin America and Spain. However, Charlotte Aircraft did not actually carry out the promised activities, and when a sales agreement with Piedmont Airlines was concluded with [[Mitsui]], Charlotte Aircraft demanded damages under their status as exclusive dealer, and Piedmont Airlines and [[Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul|Cruzeiro do Sul]] handed over 33 used aircraft traded in for YS-11 to Charlotte Aircraft; Japan's Board of Audit complained these actions were unfair.<ref name="Board of Audit Japan"/>  This event became a problem in the [[National Diet|Diet]], and the managing director of NAMC resigned. NAMC had no experience of selling passenger planes, and so it concluded a contract with Charlotte Aircraft without conducting an investigation into the company's trustworthiness or business practices, nor without creating a clause in the event Charlotte Aircraft refused to conduct sales. When the contract with Charlotte Aircraft was terminated, NAMC was forced to pay 23,000,000 yen and turn over used aircraft.

In addition, any requests for a reduction in sales price or delayed payments by airlines had to be reviewed by governmental organizations like the [[Ministry of Finance (Japan)|Ministry of Finance]] or the [[Ministry of International Trade and Industry]]. It was said that there were many instances of contracts that could not be concluded due to the absence of the various ministry's approval.

By 1994, 112 YS-11s remained in service; the lengthy service life of the type, despite the short manufacturing lifespan, has been hailed by some officials as evidence of the type being successful in some respect.<ref name=":0" /> The YS-11 was slowly phased out by Japanese airlines up until the early 2000s, at which point the withdrawal rate spiked in response to new directives issued by the [[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (Japan)|Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism]] that required all commercial aircraft in Japan to be fitted with a [[Traffic Collision Avoidance System]] (TCAS); any aircraft lacking TCAS were forced to cease operations at the end of 2006. Reportedly, equipping a YS-11 with TCAS had been estimated as costing around [[Japanese yen|¥]]100 million (about [[US$]]1 million), such a refit was deemed economically unsound. Those aircraft that remained in a flight-worthy condition were typically sold to foreign companies. On 30 September 2006, [[Japan Air Commuter]] Flight 3806 marked the final flight of a YS-11 within Japan's commercial aviation industry.<ref>[http://kyushu.yomiuri.co.jp/magazine/sonline/0604/so_604_060429.htm "Farewell to the wings of YS-11."]{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Yomiuri Online (''[[Yomiuri Shimbun]]'')</ref>

In 2007, the YS-11 was added to the [[Mechanical Engineering Heritage (Japan)|Mechanical Engineering Heritage]] of Japan as item number 13. {{asof|2014}}, fifteen were operated by the Japanese military, and two in Mexico.<ref>{{citation |last=Hoyle |first=Craig |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/big-in-japan-tokyos-top-10-aircraft-projects-405209/ |title=Big in Japan: Tokyo's Top 10 aircraft projects |work=[[Flightglobal]] |publisher=Reed Business Information |date=24 October 2014 }}</ref> {{As of|2017}}, only eight remained in service with the [[Japan Air Self-Defense Force]], which were being used for flight checks and other ancillary purposes.<ref name=":1" /> {{As of|2020|8}}, two aircraft remain in commercial service in South America and Africa.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=73559 |title=World Airliner Census 2020 |website=Flightglobal.com |language=en-GB |date=August 2020|access-date=2021-11-30}}</ref> {{As of|2021|3}}, the Japan Air Self-Defense Force retired the YS-11 after 57 years of service.<ref>{{cite web|title=Japan Air Self-Defense Force commemorates last flight of storied YS11 aircraft|date=2021-03-19|access-date=2021-11-30|work=[[Mainichi Shimbun]]|url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20210318/p2a/00m/0na/022000c}}</ref>

==Variants==
; YS-11
; YS-11-100
:Initial production variant. 23,500&nbsp;kg (51,810&nbsp;lb) gross weight. 48 built.<ref name="Endres p24"/>
; YS-11A-200
:Increased gross weight (24,500&nbsp;kg (54,010&nbsp;lb) passenger airliner.<ref name="Endres p24"/>
; YS-11A-300
: [[Combi aircraft|Combi]] version of YS-11-200, fitted with large cargo door and capable of carrying both passengers and freight.<ref name="Endres p24"/>
; YS-11A-400
:Pure cargo version of -200, used only by Japanese defence forces.<ref name="Endres p24"/>
; YS-11A-500
:Passenger airliner with further increased (25,000&nbsp;kg (55,110&nbsp;lb)) gross weight produced from 1970.<ref name="Endres p24,6">Endres 1996, pp. 24, 26.</ref>
; YS-11A-600
:Combi version of -500.<ref name="Endres p26">Endres 1996, p. 26.</ref>
; YS-11E
:JASDF "Super YS" powered by T64-IHI-10J.

===Customer variants===
* YS-11-101: TOA Domestic Airlines
* YS-11-102: All Nippon Airways
* YS-11-103: Japan Air Self Defense Force
* YS-11-104: Japan Civil Aviation Bureau
* YS-11-105: Japan Air Self Defense Force
* YS-11-106: Japan Domestic Airlines
* YS-11-107: Filipinas Orient Airways
* YS-11-108: Japan Domestic Airlines
* YS-11-109: Japan Domestic Airlines
* YS-11-110: Japan Civil Aviation Bureau
* YS-11-111: All Nippon Airways
* YS-11-113: Japan Maritime Self Defense Force
* YS-11-114: TOA Airways
* YS-11-115: Aeronautic College
* YS-11-116: Filipinas Orient Airways
* YS-11-117: Hawaiian Airlines
* YS-11-118: Japan Civil Aviation Bureau
* YS-11-120: LANSA
* YS-11-121: Filipinas Orient Airways
* YS-11-124: Japan Domestic Airlines
* YS-11-125: Cruzeiro do Sul
* YS-11-128: Austral (later Austral Líneas Aéreas)
* YS-11-129: TOA Airways
* YS-11A-201: NAMC
* YS-11A-202: Cruzeiro do Sul
* YS-11A-205: Piedmont Airlines
* YS-11A-206: Japan Maritime Self Defense Force
* YS-11A-207: Japan Maritime Safety Agency
* YS-11A-208: All Nippon Airways
* YS-11A-209: Southwest Air Lines
* YS-11A-211: VASP
* YS-11A-212: VASP
* YS-11A-213: All Nippon Airways
* YS-11A-214: Southwest Air Lines
* YS-11A-217: Japan Domestic Airlines
* YS-11A-218: Japan Air Self Defense Force
* YS-11A-219: China Airlines
* YS-11A-220: Olympic Airways
* YS-11A-222: TOA Airways
* YS-11A-223: All Nippon Airways
* YS-11A-227: Japan Domestic Airlines / TOA Airways
* YS-11A-301: Korean Air Lines
* YS-11A-305: Japan Air Self Defense Force
* YS-11A-306: Transair
* YS-11A-307: Japan Domestic Airlines
* YS-11A-309: Aerotransportes Litoral Argentino (later Austral Líneas Aéreas)
* YS-11A-310: Korean Air Lines
* YS-11A-313: TOA Airways
* YS-11A-314: Air Afrique
* YS-11A-321: Air Gabon
* YS-11A-402: Japan Air Self Defense Force
* YS-11A-404: Japan Maritime Self Defense Force
* YS-11A-500: Piedmont Airlines
* YS-11A-523: Philippine Civil Aeronautics Administration
* YS-11A-621: Trans Gabon
* YS-11A-623: Pelita Air Service
* YS-11A-624: Japan Maritime Self Defense Force
* YS-11A-626: Reeve Aleutian Airways

==Operators==
[[File:Mey-Air NAMC YS-11A LN-MTA.jpg|thumb|[[Mey-Air]] YS-11 in 1971]]
[[File:NAMC YS-11A N254P Piedt DCA 13.04.72 edited-1.jpg|thumb|right|[[Piedmont Airlines (1948–1989)|Piedmont Airlines]] YS-11A at [[Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport]] in [[Crystal City, Virginia]], with the [[United States Capitol]] in the background in 1972]]
[[File:NAMC YS-11A-309 LV-JIJ Austral AEP 26.04.72 edited-2.jpg|thumb|NAMC YS-11A of [[Austral Líneas Aéreas]] at [[Aeroparque Jorge Newbery]] in 1972]]
[[File:Mid Pacific Air NAMC YS-11A-659 Silagi-1.jpg|thumb|[[Mid Pacific Air]] NAMC YS-11A-659 at [[Honolulu International Airport]] in 1982]]
[[File:All Nippon Airways NAMC YS-11 (JA8743) in 1983 livery.jpg|thumb|All Nippon Airways in 1990]]
[[File:Air Caribbean NAMC YS-11 Spijkers.jpg|thumb|[[Air Caribbean (Trinidad and Tobago)|Air Caribbean]] YS-11 in 1999]][[File:NAMC YS-11A, Phuket Air AN0923039.jpg|thumb|[[Phuket Air]] YS-11A-200 in 2005]]
[[File:AsianSpirit-Loakan-Baguio-2006.jpg|thumb|YS-11 at [[Loakan Airport]], [[Baguio|Baguio City]], Philippines in 2006]]
[[File:Asianspirit.jpg|thumb|An [[Asian Spirit]] YS-11 in the [[Philippines]] in 2007]]

===Civil operators===
Former and present operators of the NAMC YS-11 include:

'''{{ARG}}'''

* [[Aerolíneas Argentinas]]
* [[Austral Líneas Aéreas|Aerotransportes Litoral Argentino]]
* [[Austral Líneas Aéreas]]

'''{{flag|Aruba}}'''

* [[Air Aruba]]

'''{{flag|Brazil}}'''

* [[Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul|Cruzeiro do Sul]]
* [[VASP]]

'''{{flag|Brunei}}'''

* [[BIMP - EAGA Air Alliance]]

'''{{flag|Canada}}'''

* [[Norcanair]]
* [[Transair (Canada)|Transair Ltd]]

'''{{flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}}'''

* [[Societe Generale d'Alimentation]]

'''{{flag|Egypt}}'''

* [[Pyramid Airlines]]

'''{{flag|Gabon}}'''

* [[Air Gabon|Trans Gabon Airlines]]
* [[Gabon Express]]
* [[Gabon Express Cargo]]

'''{{flag|Gambia}}'''

* [[Gambia AW]]

'''{{flag|Greece}}'''

* [[Olympic Airways]]

'''{{flag|Indonesia}}'''

* [[Bouraq Indonesia Airlines]]
* [[Pelita Air Service]]
* [[Mandala Airlines]]
* [[Merpati Nusantara Airlines]]

'''{{flag|Ivory Coast}}'''

* [[Air Afrique]]

'''{{flag|Japan}}'''

* [[Air Nippon]] 
* [[All Nippon Airways]]
* [[Japan Air Lines]]
* [[Japan Air System]]
* [[Japan Domestic Airlines]]
* [[Japan TransOcean Air]]
* [[Toa Airways]]
* [[Toa Domestic Airlines]]
* [[Air Nippon|Nihon Kinkyori Airlines]]
* [[Southwest Air Lines|Southwest Air Lines Japan]]

'''{{flag|Mexico}}'''

* [[Aerolitoral]]
* [[Aerodan Cargo]]
* [[Gacela Air Cargo]]
* [[AeroSierra]]
* [[ALCON Servicios Aereos]]

'''{{flag|Peru}}'''

* [[Líneas Aéreas Nacionales S.A.]]

'''{{flag|Philippines}}'''

* [[Philippine Airlines]]
* [[Air Philippines]]
*[[Air Link International Airways]]
*[[Airlink International Aviation College]]
* [[2GO (cargo airline)|2GO]]
* [[Aboitiz Air]]
* [[Asian Spirit]]
* [[Aero Majestic Airways]]
* [[South Phoenix Airways]]

'''{{flag|South Korea}}'''

* [[Korean Air]]
* [[Korean Air Cargo]]

'''{{flag|Taiwan}}'''

* [[China Airlines]]

'''{{flag|Tanzania}}'''

* [[Air Star Zanzibar]]

'''{{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}'''

* [[Air Caribbean (Trinidad and Tobago)|Air Caribbean]]

'''{{flag|Thailand}}'''

* [[Phuket Air]]
* [[Air Phoenix]]

'''{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}'''

* [[Global Air Cargo]]

[[File:Airlink International Airways NAMC YS-11 Volpati.jpg|thumb|An [[Air Link International Airways|Airlink International Airways]] NAMC YS-11 at [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]].]]
'''{{flag|United States}}'''

* [[American Eagle Airlines|American Eagle]]
* [[Continental Express]]
* [[Piedmont Airlines (1948–1989)|Piedmont Airlines]]
* [[Simmons Airlines]]
* [[Reeve Aleutian Airways]]
* [[Provincetown-Boston Airlines]]
* [[Pinehurst Airlines]]
* [[MPAC Airways|MPAC]]
* [[Midwest Air Charter/Airborne Express]]
* [[Far West Airlines]]
* [[Fort Worth Airlines]]
* [[Hawaiian Airlines]]
* [[Pacific Southwest Airlines]] 
* [[Mid Pacific Air]] 
* [[Tauk Tours]]
* [[United States Postal Service]]

===Former military operators===
[[File:NAMC YS-11A, Greece - Air Force AN0192354.jpg|thumb|NAMC YS-11A of the [[Greek Air Force]] (1993)]]
[[Image:JASDF YS-11 Special marking.JPG|thumb|200px|YS-11P Special painting for the 50th anniversary (2008)]]
[[Image:NAMC YS-11EB (YS-11A-305), Japan - Air Force AN1722042.jpg|thumb|200px|YS-11EB (2010)]]
[[Image:NAMC YS-11EB, Japan - Air Force AN1913282.jpg|thumb|200px|YS-11EB (2011)]]

;'''{{GRE}}'''

* [[Greek Air Force]] – 6 ex-Olympic Airways YS-11A aircraft were supplied in 1981.<ref>[https://www.haf.gr/en/history/historical-aircraft/ys-11a/ "Historical Aircraft – NAMC YS-11A."] ''haf.gr'', Retrieved: 30 September 2016.</ref>
;{{JPN}}
* [[Japan Air Self-Defense Force]]
** [[401st Tactical Airlift Squadron (JASDF)|401st Tactical Airlift Squadron]] (1969–1989)
** [[402nd Tactical Airlift Squadron (JASDF)|402nd Tactical Airlift Squadron]] (1968–2001)
** [[403rd Tactical Airlift Squadron (JASDF)|403rd Tactical Airlift Squadron]] YS-11P (1978–2017)
** [[Flight Check Squadron (JASDF)|Flight Check Squadron]] YS-11FC (–2021)
** [[Electronic Warfare Squadron (JASDF)|Electronic Warfare Squadron]] YS-11EA
** [[Electronic Intelligence Squadron (JASDF)|Electronic Intelligence Squadron]] YS-11EB
* [[Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force]]
** [[Air Transport Squadron 61 (JMSDF)|Air Transport Squadron 61]] YS-11M/M-A (1971–2014)
* [[Japan Coast Guard]] (1969–2011)

'''JSDF delivery breakdown:'''
JASDF<br />
2 YS-11EA for Electronic Warfare<br />
4 YS-11EB for ELINT<br />
3 YS-11FC for Flight Checker<br />
1 YS-11NT for Navigation Trainer<br />
3 YS-11P for Passenger/VIP Transport

JMSDF<br />
2 YS-11M for Freighter<br />
2 YS-11M-A for Freighter<br />
6 YS-11T-A for MPA trainer<ref name=airliners.net>[http://www.airliners.net/aviation-forums/military/read.main/123031/ Kawasaki XP-1 As YS-11 Replacement] ''Airliners.net, military aviation and space forum''</ref>
;{{Flag|Philippines|1936}}
* [[Philippine Air Force]] - One YS-11 used as presidential transport.

==Accidents and incidents==
There have been over twenty hull loss accidents involving YS-11 aircraft.
* 13 November 1966, [[All Nippon Airways Flight 533]] crashed into the sea near [[Matsuyama, Ehime|Matsuyama]], Japan with the loss of all five crew and 45 passengers.<ref name=JA8658>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19661113-0 |title=Accident description JA8658|publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 20 October 1969, All Nippon Airways Flight 104 overran the runway at [[Miyazaki Airport]], Japan. All four crew and 49 passengers survived.<ref name=JA8708>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19691020-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 11 December 1969, a [[1969 Korean Air Lines YS-11 hijacking|Korean Air flight]] from [[Gangneung Airbase|Gangneung]] to [[Gimpo International Airport|Seoul]] was hijacked and flown to Sǒndǒk Airfield near [[Wonsan]].<ref name="Doosan">{{citation |chapter-url=http://www.encyber.com/search_w/ctdetail.php?masterno=756923&contentno=756923 |chapter=KAL기피랍사건 |title=Doosan Encyclopedia |year=2010 |access-date=7 July 2010 |title-link=Doosan Encyclopedia}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The aircraft was damaged on landing and written off.<ref name=HK5208>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19691211-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref> The aircraft, its crew, and seven passengers are still held in North Korean territory.<ref>Kim Tae Hong, [http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk02500&num=5266 "141 Days of Hell, What about 40 Years?"] ''NK Daily'', 7 August 2009.</ref>
* 12 August 1970, [[China Airlines Flight 206]] crashed into Yuan Mountain on approach to [[Taipei Songshan Airport|Taipei]], [[Taiwan]]. Two crew and 12 passengers were killed.<ref name=B156>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19700812-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 1 April 1971, a [[Merpati Nusantara Airlines]] YS-11 made a wheels-up landing at [[Kemayoran Airport]], [[Jakarta]], [[Indonesia]] while on a training flight.<ref name=PKMYN>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=197010401-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 3 July 1971, [[Toa Domestic Airlines Flight 63]] flew into Yokotsu Mountain while on approach to [[Hakodate Airport]], Japan. All four crew and 64 passengers were killed, the worst loss of life in an accident involving the YS-11.<ref name=JA8674>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19710703-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 7 November 1971, A [[VASP]] YS-11 was destroyed by fire after a candle was lit inside when the aircraft was being guarded overnight after being bogged down at [[Aragarças Airport]] in [[Aragarças]], [[Brazil]]. Both guards were killed.<ref name=PPSML>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19711107-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 12 April 1972, a VASP flight between [[São Paulo]] and [[Rio de Janeiro]] crashed {{convert|50|km|mi}} north of Rio de Janeiro. All four crew and 21 passengers were killed.<ref name=PPSMI>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19720412-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 | chapter=O Samurai desaparecido | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=274–278 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
* 18 October 1972,  a [[Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul|Cruzeiro do Sul]] YS-11 overshot the runway at [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|Congonhas Airport, São Paulo]] and was damaged beyond repair.<ref name=PPCTG>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19721018-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 21 October 1972, [[Olympic Airways Flight 506]] en route from Corfu (Kerkyra) to Athens crashed into the sea in Voula whilst attempting an approach to [[Ellinikon International Airport]], [[Athens]], in a heavy storm. One crew member (the co-pilot) and 36 passengers were killed, while the captain, the two stewardesses and 16 passengers survived.<ref name=SXBBQ>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19721021-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 23 October 1973, a VASP YS-11 overran the runway at [[Santos Dumont Airport]], Rio de Janeiro after a rejected take-off and ended up in [[Guanabara Bay]]. Eight passengers were killed.<ref name=PPSMJ>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19731023-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 | chapter=Dia do aviador | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=291–293 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
* 5 March 1974, a [[Pacific Southwest Airlines]] YS-11 crash landed in the desert {{convert|14|km|mi}} east of [[Borrego Springs, California|Borrego Springs]], [[California]] while on a training flight. Aircraft was written off.<ref name=N208PA>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19740305-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 6 November 1974, a [[Reeve Aleutian Airways]] YS-11 was written off in a hangar fire at [[Anchorage International Airport|Anchorage]], [[Alaska]].<ref name=N172RV>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19741106-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 28 May 1975, TOA Domestic Airlines Flight 621 was damaged beyond repair in a landing accident at [[Osaka International Airport]] when a tyre burst and the aircraft departed the runway.<ref name=JA8680>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19750528-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 23 November 1976, [[Olympic Airways Flight 830]] flew into Mount Metaxas near the village of Servia in [[Kozani]], Greece, in low clouds and almost zero visibility. All four crew and 46 passengers were killed.<ref name=SXBBR>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19761123-2 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 29 April 1977, a Cruzeiro YS-11 departed the runway on landing at [[Ministro Victor Konder International Airport]], [[Navegantes]], Brazil.<ref name=PPCTI>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19770429-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 17 July 1977, a [[Philippine Airlines]] YS-11 ditched on approach to [[Mactan–Cebu International Airport]] after an engine failure.<ref name=RPC1419>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19770717-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 11 March 1983, Nihon Kinkyori Airlines Flight 497 undershot the runway at [[Nakashibetsu Airport]], Japan.<ref name=JA8693>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19830311-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 13 January 1987, a [[Mid Pacific Air]] YS-11 force landed in a field at [[Remington, Indiana|Remington]], [[Indiana]] after both engines were mismanaged.<ref name=N906TC>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19870113-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 10 January 1988, TOA Domestic Airlines Flight 670 overran the runway at [[Miho-Yonago Airport]], [[Yonago]], Japan after a rejected take-off and ended up in the sea. Aircraft had not been de-iced prior to take-off.<ref name=JA8662>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19880110-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 15 March 1989, a Mid Pacific Air YS-11 undershot the runway at [[Purdue University Airport]], [[Lafayette, Indiana]] due to loss of pitch control caused by icing on the tail. The aircraft was on a positioning flight, both crew members were killed.<ref name=N182MP>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890915-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 6 March 1992, an [[Airborne Express]] YS-11 made a wheels-up landing at [[Airborne Airpark]], [[Wilmington, Ohio]] while on a training flight due to pilot error.<ref name=N918AX>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19920306-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 24 June 1996, an [[Air Philippines]] YS-11 struck a ground power unit while taxiing at [[Naga Airport]], [[Naga, Camarines Sur|Naga City]]. Aircraft was destroyed in the subsequent fire.<ref name=RPC1981>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19960624-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 16 February 2000, [[Air Nippon]] Flight 354 departed the runway at [[Okadama Airport]], [[Sapporo]], Japan and collided with a bank of snow.<ref name=JA8727>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20000216-1 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 3 November 2001, a YS-11 being prepared for delivery to an airline in [[Burundi]] was destroyed by a fire caused by a stray [[firework]] at [[London Southend Airport]].<ref name=9UBHP>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20011103-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 11 September 2005, [[Phuket Airlines]] Flight 326 skids off the runway at [[Mae Sot Airport]], [[Thailand]].<ref name=HSKVO>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20050911-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 2 January 2008, [[Asian Spirit]] Flight 321 suffered an undercarriage collapse on landing at [[Masbate Airport]], Philippines.<ref name=RPC3592>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20080102-0 |title=Accident description |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=20 February 2009}}</ref>
* 28 September 2009, [[Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force]] YS-11M-A serial number ''9044'' overran the runway upon landing at [[Ozuki Air Field]] and was substantially damaged.<ref name=Jacdec>{{cite web |url=http://www.jacdec.de/news/months/09_09.htm |title=RECENT ACCIDENTS / INCIDENTS WORLDWIDE September 2009 |publisher=Jacdec |access-date=12 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609143920/http://www.jacdec.de/news/months/09_09.htm |archive-date=9 June 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Aircraft on display==

;Brazil
* 2080 – YS-11A-200 on static display as a restaurant in [[Tijucas|Tijucas, Santa Catarina]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier – Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company (NAMC) YS-11A-200, c/n 2080, c/r PP-CTI |url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=80264 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref>

;Greece
*2137 (Hellenic Air Force) - YS-11A-220 at the [[Elefsis Heritage Park]]{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

;Japan
* JA8611 – YS-11 prototype at the [[Museum of Aeronautical Science]] in [[Narita, Chiba]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Outdoor Exhibition Hall |url=http://www.aeromuseum.or.jp/showpiece.htm |website=Museum of Aeronautical Sciences |access-date=8 November 2016 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier – Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company (NAMC) YS-11, c/n 1001/2001, c/r JA8611 |url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=96780 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref>
* JA8731 - YS-11A-213 at the [[Kakamigahara Aerospace Museum]].{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
* JA8732 – YS-11A-213 at the [[Tokorozawa Aviation Memorial Park]] in [[Tokorozawa, Saitama]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Experience Exhibits |url=http://tam-web.jsf.or.jp/contxe/modules/tinyd3/index.php?id=2 |website=Tokorozawa Aviation Museum |access-date=8 November 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314120633/http://tam-web.jsf.or.jp/contxe/modules/tinyd3/index.php?id=2 |archive-date=14 March 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier – Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company (NAMC) YS-11A-200, c/n 2101, c/r JA8732|url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=151712 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref>
*JA8733 - YS-11A-213 at [[Saga Airport]]{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
*JA8734 – YS-11A-500R at [[Tajima Airport]] in [[Toyooka, Hyogo|Toyooka]], [[Hyogo Prefecture]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://flyteam.jp/registration/JA8734|title=機体記号 : JA8734 (エアーニッポン) 徹底ガイド |website=FlyTeam(フライチーム) |access-date=8 January 2019}}</ref>
*JA8743 - YS-11A-213 at Sanuki Kodomono Kuni amusement park near [[Takamatsu Airport]].{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
*JA8766 - YS-11A-227 at [[Misawa Aviation & Science Museum]]{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
*JA8809 - YS-11A-202 at the Michinoku Traditional Wooden Boat Museum.{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
* 52-1152 (JASDF) at the [[Aichi Museum of Flight]] in [[Komaki]], [[Aichi Prefecture]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pref.aichi.jp/soshiki/kouku/a-mof-news02.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171102100109/http://www.pref.aichi.jp/soshiki/kouku/a-mof-news02.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 2, 2017 |script-title=ja:あいち航空ミュージアムに展示予定の機体搬入作業を一般公開します！ |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=19 October 2017 |website=pref.aichi.jp |access-date=30 October 2017 |language=ja}}</ref>
* JA8160 The first mass-produced YS-11 has been in storage at [[Haneda Airport]] since 1999, where it has been maintained and kept airworthy by the [[National Museum of Nature and Science]] and is occasionally available for public viewing.<ref name=":1" />

[[File:FieldTrip 2017 on Philippine Air Force Aerospace Museum in Manila.jpg|thumb|right|A NAMC YS-11 on display at Philippine Air Force Aerospace Museum (2017)]]
;Philippines
* RP-77 – YS-11A-523 at the Philippine Air Force Aerospace Museum in [[Manila|Manila, National Capital]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier – Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company (NAMC) YS-11A-500, c/n 2179, c/r RP-77 |url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=122124 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref>

;Thailand
* HS-APA YS-11A-227 at [[Jesada Technik Museum]]{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}
* HS-KCU YS-11A-213 at Nong Khor{{citation needed|date=July 2019}}

;United States
* P4-KFD – YS-11-120 on static display at the [[Grissom Air Museum]] near [[Peru, Indiana]].<ref>{{cite web |title=NAMC YS-11A |url=http://www.grissomairmuseum.com/gallery/commercial-aircraft/plane-26 |website=Grissom Air Museum |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Airframe Dossier – Nihon Aeroplane Manufacturing Company (NAMC)YS-11, c/r P4-KFD |url=http://aerialvisuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=10812 |website=Aerial Visuals |publisher=AerialVisuals.ca |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref>

==Specifications (YS-11A-200)==
[[File:Japan Air Commuter NAMC YS-11 (JA8759) parked at Osaka International Airport.jpg|thumb|A JAC NAMC YS-11 (2003)]]
[[File:Retired YS11 Cockpit.JPG|thumb|Cockpit]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=The Observers Book of Aircraft,<ref name="green">{{cite book |last1=Green |first1=William |title=The Observer's book of automobiles |date=1970 |publisher=Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd |isbn=0-7232-0087-4 |edition=16th., rev. format}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=October 2020}}  Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1970–71<ref name=JAWA70-71>{{cite book |title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1970–71 |year=1970 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Company |location=London |isbn=978-0-354-00067-3 |editor1-last=Taylor |editor1-first=John W.R. |pages=158–160}}</ref>
|prime units?=met
<!--
        General characteristics
-->
|crew=2
|capacity=64 passengers / {{cvt|6604|kg|0}}
|length m=26.3
|length note=
|span m=32
|span note=
|height m=8.98
|height note=
|wing area sqm=94.83
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=10.8
|airfoil='''root:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 64A-218]]; '''tip:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 64A-412]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
|empty weight kg=15396
|empty weight note=operating weight, empty
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=24500
|max takeoff weight note=<br/>
*'''Maximum landing weight:''' {{cvt|24000|kg|0}}
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
<!--
        Powerplant
-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Rolls-Royce Dart Mk.542-10K]]
|eng1 type=[[turboprop]] engines
|eng1 kw=2250
|eng1 note=

|prop blade number=4
|prop name=constant-speed fully-feathering reversible propellers
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia note=
<!--
        Performance
-->
|max speed kmh=
|max speed note=
|cruise speed kmh=469
|cruise speed note=maximum at {{cvt|4575|m|0}}
*'''Economical cruising speed:''' {{cvt|452|km/h|mph kn}} at {{cvt|6100|m|0}}
|stall speed kmh=140
|stall speed note=at MLW, flaps down
|never exceed speed kmh=546
|never exceed speed note=below {{cvt|4695|m|0}}
::::Mach 0.601 above {{cvt|4695|m|0}}
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=2110
|range note=max fuel without centre-section bag tanks, no reserves
::::{{cvt|1090|km|mi nmi}} with max payload, no reserves
::::{{cvt|3215|km|mi nmi}} max fuel with centre-section bag tanks, no reserves
|ferry range km=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=<!-- if range unknown -->
|ceiling m=6982
|ceiling note=<br/>
*'''Service ceiling, one engine:''' {{cvt|2740|m|0}}
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|climb rate ms=6.2
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|wing loading kg/m2=258
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|power/mass={{cvt|0.25|kW/kg}}
|more performance=<br/>
*'''Take-off distance to {{cvt|10|m|0}}:''' {{cvt|1110|m|0}}
*'''Landing distance from {{cvt|15|m|0}}:''' {{cvt|660|m|0}} at MLW

|avionics=various weather radars
}}

==In popular culture==
In railroad journals, YS-11 was linked to the [[0 Series Shinkansen]], another Japanese-made form of transportation that debuted around the time of the 1964 Olympics. Additionally, the Shinkansen and the YS-11 were both developed by individuals who were involved with the creation of military aircraft (this was to be expected with an airplane like the YS-11, but men like [[Migi Tadanao]] and [[Matsudaira Tadashi]] were also involved with the Shinkansen).<ref>|magazine=[[Shinkansen 0 kei densha tokushū zasshi]] |date=1999</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Publication date, article name and page number are not identified.|date=March 2021}}

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
|similar aircraft=
* [[An-24]] / [[An-26]]
* [[Avro 748]]
* [[BAe ATP]]
* [[Convair 580]]
* [[Convair CV-240 family|Convair 600/640]]
* [[Fokker F27 Friendship]]
* [[Handley Page Dart Herald]]
* [[Vickers Viscount]]
|lists=
* [[List of civil aircraft]]
|see also=
}}

==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite magazine |last=Endres |first=Günter |title=NAMC YS-11: The Japanese Commuter |magazine=[[Air International]] |volume=51 |issue=1 |date=July 1996 |pages=22–27 |issn=0306-5634}}
* Lehman, William. [https://books.google.com/books?id=f5ZTjgAH8DgC&pg=PA61 "US Airways."] ''Arcadia Publishing'', 2013. {{ISBN|0-7385-9623-X}}
* Odagiri, Hiroyuki., Goto Odagiri and Akira Gotō. [https://books.google.com/books?id=6rIKcgjWf1UC "Technology and Industrial Development in Japan."] ''Clarendon Press'', 1996. {{ISBN|0-1982-8802-6}}
* {{cite book |last=Taylor |first=John W. R. |title=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1966–67 |year=1966 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Company |location=London |author-link=John W. R. Taylor}}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.wetwing.com/civil/ys-11/ys11e.html YS-11 photographs by Tony Hara]
* {{cite news |title=Japan zeroes in on homegrown jetliner |first=Kaho |last= Shimizu |url=http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20071127i1.html |newspaper=[[The Japan Times]] |date=27 November 2007}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Namc Ys-11}}
[[Category:1960s Japanese airliners]]
[[Category:MITI projects]]
[[Category:NAMC aircraft|YS-11]]
[[Category:Twin-turboprop tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1962]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]