View source for Mythodea

{{Short description|Album by Vangelis}}
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:mythodea dvd.jpg|thumb|Cover of DVD-video]] -->
'''''Mythodea — Music for the NASA Mission: 2001 Mars Odyssey''''' is a [[choral symphony]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.vangelismovements.com/mythodeabooklet.htm |title= 2001 concert program |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> by Greek electronic composer and artist [[Vangelis]]. It premiered as a single concert in Athens, Greece, in 1993<ref name="1993program">1993 concert program.</ref> but a recording was only released in 2001 by Vangelis' then new record label [[Sony Classical]], which also set up the [[NASA]] connection and promoted a new concert, this time with a worldwide audience.<ref name="klem">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/klem107.htm |title= ''KLEMblad'' magazine, issue 107 |date= October 2001 |author= Vangelis |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref>

For the 2001 version of ''Mythodea,'' Vangelis expanded and reorchestrated the original composition. It was first recorded and then played live on-stage by: Vangelis on synthesizers and keyboards, the [[London Metropolitan Orchestra]] augmented by two [[harp]]ists, sopranos [[Kathleen Battle]] and [[Jessye Norman]], the chorus of the [[Greek National Opera]], and, for the concert only, the Seistron and Typana percussion ensembles. The concert was held in Athens, Greece on June 28, 2001, but the record was officially released only on October 23, 2001, to coincide with the [[2001 Mars Odyssey]] spacecraft entering the orbit of planet [[Mars]]. The CD, and later the DVD, achieved a number of sales accolades around the world.<ref name="elsewconcerts">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/concerts.htm |title= "Elsewhere": Vangelis' Concerts |author= Lodewijks, Dennis |date=Jan 2005 |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref>

== First concert: 1993 ==
The world premiere of ''Mythodia'' (original spelling) took place on July 13, 1993 as a public performance at the [[Odeon of Herodes Atticus|Herodes Atticus Theater]], in [[Athens]], [[Greece]], for charity purposes. On stage were: Vangelis, who provided the full musical score accompanied by two [[harp]]ists; [[mezzo-soprano]] [[Markella Hatziano]], [[soprano]] Lucienne Deval, and the [[choir|chorus]] and [[percussion]] of the [[Greek National Opera]], conducted by Yvan Cassar.<ref name="1993program" />

''Mythodia'' was then a piece in seven movements.<ref name="elsewconcerts" /> Vangelis not only composed the music, he also wrote the lyrics<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.newbrain.gr/mythodea/text.htm |title= Lyrics of ''Mythodea'' in Greek |author= Vangelis |access-date= 2006-08-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070930104735/http://www.newbrain.gr/mythodea/text.htm |archive-date= September 30, 2007 }}</ref> in [[Ancient Greek]].<ref name="movements">{{cite web |url= http://www.vangelismovements.com/mythodea.htm |title= Album review |author=de Vries, Ivar |publisher= Movements |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> In a 2001 interview with ''KLEMblad'' magazine, Vangelis stated,
: "This piece was composed in an hour. Yes, it took me an hour. […] I'm not using the technology in the conventional way. I'm not using computers."<ref name="klem" />
For the [[Encore (concert)|encore]], Vangelis played a selection of his repertoire, including "La Petite Fille de la Mer" (from the album ''[[L'Apocalypse des animaux (album)|L'Apocalypse des Animaux]]''), "[[Chariots of Fire (album)|Chariots of Fire]]", "Pulstar" (from the album ''[[Albedo 0.39]]''), three tracks from the soundtrack of the film ''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise (album)|Conquest of Paradise]]'' ("Hispañola", "City of Isabel" and "Conquest of Paradise"), and finished with a performance of the [[Hymn to Liberty|Greek national anthem]].<ref name="elsewconcerts" />

== Second concert: 2001 ==
''Mythodea'' would remain unheard in public for the next eight years, but Vangelis kept a recording of the 1993 concert for himself.  Around the year 2000, [[Peter Gelb]] was the head of [[Sony Classical]] and was steering the record company in the direction of [[crossover (music)|crossover]] music rather than mainstream [[European classical music|classical repertoire]]. He had just signed with Vangelis and was in the process of selecting their first release together. Gelb was listening to some tapes that Vangelis had sent to him when he came upon ''Mythodea''. He described the event in an interview: "When I first heard ''Mythodea'' I was in ecstasy with its rhythm and power themes, and with no further hesitation I suggested it was recorded immediately."<ref name="klem" />

With the approval of Vangelis to record ''Mythodea'' with a full orchestra as Gelb had suggested,<ref name="klem" /> Sony Classical developed a marketing plan of ''Mythodea'' that with the help of Vangelis' friend and colleague, Dr. Scott Bolton, grew to include a promotional tie-in with NASA, a dedicated website, an audio CD and a live concert that involved the Greek Government and was broadcast on TV and published on video. The deal with NASA made ''Mythodea'' the official music of the mission involving the spacecraft [[2001 Mars Odyssey]]. This mission took the spacecraft to the orbit of Mars on October 23, 2001, and the audio CD of ''Mythodea'' was scheduled to be officially released on the same day. Vangelis described the connection he felt between the music and the mission on the 2001 Mars Odyssey official website:

{{cquote| I made up the name ''Mythodea'' from the words myth and ode. And I felt in it a kind of shared or common path with NASA's current exploration of the planet [Mars]. Whatever we use as a key — music, mythology, science, mathematics, astronomy — we are all working to decode the mystery of creation, searching for our deepest roots.<ref name="nasa">{{cite web|url=http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/spotlight/vangelis01.html|publisher=NASA|title=Vangelis: Mythodea|access-date=August 20, 2016}}</ref>}}

The premiere of the new version of ''Mythodea'' was held on June 28, 2001.<ref name="Billboard25"/> By this date, the album had already been recorded and was finished. The concert was a live performance of the album, with everyone involved in the recording reprising their roles plus additional performers. The setting was the ancient (6th century BC) [[Temple of Olympian Zeus (Athens)|Temple of Olympian Zeus]] in Athens, Greece, featured on the album and video covers. Vangelis commented on the selection of location in an interview: "The record company wanted to promote this work and asked me 'where [...]?' and I thought that [...] Greece was really appropriate. And at the same time I had a proposition from the Minister of Culture [...] and this is what happened."<ref name="klem" />

The concert was filmed by a 20-person camera crew. It was broadcast on TV from November 2001, and it was released on DVD in 2002.<ref name="Billboard25"/> The budget for the spectacle was set at US $7 million, split in half between the record company, Sony Classical, and the Greek government,<ref name="telegraph">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2001/10/18/tlvang.xml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313081916/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2001%2F10%2F18%2Ftlvang.xml|url-status=dead|archive-date=2007-03-13|title=A symphony for alien ears|publisher=Telegraph.co.uk|date=2001-10-18|access-date=2021-11-17}}</ref> which considered the concert a good promotion for Greece abroad and had it included in the Greek Cultural Olympiad leading to the [[2004 Summer Olympics]].<ref name="Garcia">{{cite book |title=Secrets of the Olympic Ceremonies |author=Myles Garcia |year=2014 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g1g1wLMSZv8C |publisher=eBookIt |isbn=9781456608088}}</ref> There were some objections raised, mainly by fellow musician [[Mikis Theodorakis]], over the use of both public money and an archaeological site.<ref name="elsew">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/concerts.htm#myth2001 |title= "Elsewhere": Vangelis' concerts/''Mythodea'' |author= Lodewijks, Dennis |date=Jan 2005 |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> Vangelis himself, like in 1993, waived payment for his performance.<ref name="telegraph"/><ref name="status2">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/status.htm|author=Manolopoulou, Fouli (Vangelis production manager) |publisher= Status magazine |date= June 2002 |title= Vangelis Papathanasiou, the International Greek |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref>

The spectacle involved 224 musicians on stage: Vangelis, the 75-person<ref name="blake" /> [[London Metropolitan Orchestra]] augmented by two harpists, soprano artists [[Kathleen Battle]] and [[Jessye Norman]], the 123-person chorus of the [[Greek National Opera]], and Greek [[percussion ensemble]]s Seistron and Typana, that provided 24 [[timpani]].<ref name="Billboard25"/><ref name="Garcia"/><ref name="houtert">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/mthwitn2.htm|title="Elsewhere": Concert review |author=Van Houtert, John |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> Except for both percussion ensembles, all the other artists had participated in the recording of the album. In the back, a projection screen measuring {{convert|180|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length and {{convert|24|m|ft|abbr=on}} in height<ref name="klem" /> showed images of Mars supplied by NASA, combined with elements of ancient [[Greek mythology]].<ref name="elsew2" />

The number of attending spectators to the ticket-paid event was between 2,000,<ref name="elsew" /> 2,500,<ref name="blake" /> and 3,000<ref name="Billboard25"/> with another 30,000 people watching for free on a giant screen at the nearby [[Panathinaiko Stadium]].<ref name="Billboard25"/><ref name="Garcia"/><ref name="elsew" /> The concert lasted just over one hour, after which three encores were played: ''[[Chariots of Fire (album)|Chariots of Fire]]'', ''[[1492: Conquest of Paradise (album)|Conquest of Paradise]]'', and a combination of Movements 9 and 10.<ref name="elsewolder2">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/older2.htm|title="Elsewhere": News |author= Lodewijks, Dennis |date=June 2001 |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> Mars itself made a special appearance at the concert as an announcer told the spectators to look for an orange spot shining in the clear sky above the orchestra.<ref name="gomez">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/mthwitn2.htm|title="Elsewhere": concert review |author=Gomez, Samuel |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> The concert was repeated the following day without an audience, to get extra camera angles. Despite not having been announced, around 50 people who showed up at the venue were admitted for free, authorized by Vangelis himself.<ref name="houtert" />

''Mythodea'' was expected to be performed by other orchestras, without Vangelis' participation,<ref name="blake" /> but {{As of|2019|lc=on}} that had not happened.

== Album ==
{{Infobox album
| name       = Mythodea — Music for the NASA Mission: 2001 Mars Odyssey
| type       = studio
| artist     = [[Vangelis]]
| cover      = mythodea_album_cover.jpg
| alt        =
| released   = October 23, 2001
| recorded   = 2001
| venue      =
| studio     =
| genre      = [[Classical music|Classical]]
| length     = 66:00
| label      = [[Sony Classical]]
| producer   = [[Vangelis]]
| prev_title = [[Reprise 1990–1999]]
| prev_year  = 2000
| next_title = [[Odyssey: The Definitive Collection]]
| next_year  = 2003
}}
{{Album ratings
|rev1=[[Allmusic]]
|rev1Score={{Rating|2.5|5}}<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=mw0000015711|pure_url=yes}} |title=Allmusic review}}</ref> 
|rev2=[[Film Score Monthly]]
|rev2score={{Rating|3.5|5}}<ref name="Monthly">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.filmscoremonthly.com/daily/article.cfm?articleID=3882 |title=CD Reviews: K-Pax, Mythodea and Bruce Broughton Concert Work |author=Nick Joy |date=January 22, 2002 |magazine=[[Film Score Monthly]] |access-date=August 19, 2016}}</ref>
|rev3=[[Filmtracks.com]]
|rev3score={{Rating|3|5}}<ref name="Filmtracks">{{cite web |url=http://www.filmtracks.com/titles/mythodea.html |title=Mythodea Review |author=Blake Neely |date=October 20, 2001 |publisher=[[Filmtracks.com]] |access-date=August 19, 2016}}</ref>
|rev4 = Sputnikmusic
|rev4score = {{Rating|5|5}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/65878/Vangelis-Mythodea/ |title=Vangelis - Mythodea |work=sputnikmusic.com |date=February 2, 2015 |access-date=August 21, 2016}}</ref>
}}
The album was recorded at the [[Athens Concert Hall]] (Athens Μέγαρο Μουσικής - Megaro Moussikis), chosen for its excellent acoustics.<ref name="tanea">{{cite web|url=http://www.elsew.com/data/tanea.htm|title=Vangelis interview|publisher=Greek newspaper Ta Nea|date=June 23, 2001|access-date=2006-08-15}}</ref> For the recording, Vangelis expanded the original composition of 1993 by adding two movements, extending two more and inserting some new cues throughout. The chorus parts were also touched upon, with lyrics and melodic changes.<ref name="blake">{{cite web|url=http://www.elsew.com/data/bninterv.htm|date=2001-10-14|title=Blake Neely interview|author=Lodewijks, Dennis|access-date=2006-08-15}}</ref>

Except for Vangelis, none of the performers of the 1993 concert reprised their roles. Instead, Vangelis was accompanied by the [[London Metropolitan Orchestra]] augmented with two harpists, sopranos [[Kathleen Battle]] and [[Jessye Norman]] (both Sony Classical artists as well), and the [[Greek National Opera]] Choir and percussion ensemble. Vangelis asked musician [[Blake Neely]] to make the instrument transcriptions and conduct the orchestra as well.<ref name="blake" />

Although the album was finished by the date of the concert in June 2001, its release was held back until October 23, 2001 to coincide with the entry of the 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft in the orbit of Mars.<ref name="Billboard25">{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_hMEAAAAMBAJ |title=Vangelis Prepares For Blastoff On Musical Mission To Mars |author=Maria Paravantes |date=August 25, 2001 |magazine=Billboard |volume=113 |issue=34 |page=50 |issn=0006-2510 |access-date=August 20, 2016}}</ref> A promotional CD-audio was nevertheless given to the press at the date of the concert and a CD-audio in a blue velvet box was given to guests of a private dinner that took place after the concert.<ref name="uncledon">{{cite web|url=http://vangeliscollector.com/vangelis_mythodea.htm|title=Vangelis Collector|author=Fennimore, Don|access-date=2006-08-15}}</ref> In 2004, two of these boxes were auctioned off online for charity purposes, fetching a total of [[US dollar|US $]]2,435.<ref name="elsew2" />

Vangelis noted that "it's really the music that manages to speak to all. In ''Mythodea'', everyone can find something to identify with, because it's in this shared language".<ref name="Billboard25"/>

=== Track listing ===
# "Introduction" – 2:43
# "Movement 1" – 5:41
# "Movement 2" – 5:39
# "Movement 3" – 5:51
# "Movement 4" – 13:42
# "Movement 5" – 6:35
# "Movement 6" – 6:27
# "Movement 7" – 4:58
# "Movement 8" – 3:07
# "Movement 9" – 5:00
# "Movement 10" – 3:03

Two CD-singles were also released, both featuring a track called "Mythodea Special Edit" (3:57) which combined parts of "Movement 9" and "Movement 1", plus either "Movement 1" or "Movement 7". They were not widely available, so their original purpose may have been purely promotional, as were specifically a number of other CD-single releases.<ref name="elsew2">{{cite web|url=http://www.elsew.com/data/albums.htm|title="Elsewhere": Vangelis' albums|author=Lodewijks, Dennis|access-date=2006-08-15}}</ref>

There were variations on the track listing: some releases of the album carried alternative titles "Movement 1" through "Movement 11", and "Mythodea Special Edit" was sometimes included either as a bonus or as a hidden track.

The audio CD is CD-Text-enhanced, with the following header appearing on compatible players: ''Mythodea - Music for the NASA Mission: 2001 Mars Odyssey - Kathleen Battle, Jessye Norman, Vangelis''. Text for tracks appears like this one for track 4: ''Movement 3 / Vangelis - London Metropolitan Orchestra - Athens Opera Choir - K.Battle - J.Norman''.

=== Sales and awards ===
The album reached #1 in the sales charts of Greece, where it attained platinum certification<ref name="status">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/status.htm|publisher= Status magazine |date=June 2002 |title=Vangelis Papathanasiou, the International Greek |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> and was nominated for the 2002 "Arion" Greek music awards, in the category "Best instrumental music". In Portugal, the album reached #2 in the charts and attained silver certification for over 10,000 sales.<ref name="elsewolder3" /> The album reached #39 in Italy, #46 in Germany and #75 in Switzerland.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://italiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Vangelis&titel=Mythodea+-+Music+For+The+NASA+Mission%3A+2001+Mars+Odyssey&cat=a |title=Vangelis - Mythodea charts |work=italiancharts.com |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=August 20, 2016}}</ref> At the ''[[Billboard charts|Billboard]]'' Classical Albums chart peaked at #12 position, charting 22 weeks,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.billboard.com/artist/277731/vangelis/chart?f=900 |title=Vangelis Chart History - Classical Albums chart |magazine=Billboard |access-date=August 24, 2016}}</ref> while #4 position on Top Classical Albums chart.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MxIEAAAAMBAJ |title=Billboard Top Classical Albums |date=November 24, 2001 |magazine=Billboard |volume=113 |issue=47 |page=78 |access-date=August 19, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/search/charts?f[0]=ts_chart_artistname%3AVangelis&f[1]=ss_bb_type%3Achart_item&type=2&artist=Vangelis |title=Vangelis chart results |website=Billboard Biz |publisher=Billboard |access-date=August 24, 2016}}</ref>

=== Other appearances ===
A remixed version of "Movement 1" is included in the Vangelis compilation ''Odyssey: The Definitive Collection'' (2003). The opening march starts with less sound effects, instruments join in one by one more clearly, and an initial spoken countdown is absent.<ref name="elsewolder4">{{cite web|url=http://www.elsew.com/data/older4.htm|date=2003-09-24|title="Elsewhere": Earlier news updates: 2003|author=Lodewijks, Dennis|access-date=2006-08-15}}</ref> The same "Movement 1" was used as the title theme of reality TV series ''Der Maulwurf'' (lit. The Mole), which was broadcast by German station Pro7 in 2001. It was also used in the soundtracks of the trailers for the Hollywood films [[X-Men (film)|''X-Men'']] (2000) and ''[[The Scorpion King]]'' (2002).<ref name="elsewolder3" /> Finally, "Movement 9" is included in the compilation album ''Classic Kathleen Battle /A Portrait''.

== Video ==
A one-hour condensed edit of the concert was made available for broadcast by TV stations and later released on video, cutting the intervals and leaving just the first encore, for a total running time of 76 minutes. More significantly, the live playing and singing were replaced by the album version mixed with live applause, except the encore which retained the original full-live recording. The synchronization of the live performance with the album recording was achieved with a [[click track]] being played to the performers.

The DVD-Video and VHS were released on February 17, 2002.<ref name="elsewolder3">{{cite web |url= http://www.elsew.com/data/older3.htm |title= Dennis Lodewijks' Elsewhere |access-date= 2006-08-15}}</ref> The DVD featured PCM stereo and 5.1 Dolby Digital sound, 16:9 non-anamorphic image, and had as extras: artist biographies, "Making of ''Mythodea''", music video, an introduction by NASA, and written notes by Vangelis. The DVD-video reached gold status in Portugal, for over 14,000 sales.<ref name="elsewolder3" />

== Personnel ==
=== 1993 ===
Music composed, arranged and produced by Vangelis

Concert conceived, designed and directed by Vangelis

* [[Vangelis]]: [[synthesiser]]s, [[musical keyboard|keyboards]]
* [[Markella Hatziano]], [[mezzo-soprano]]
* Lucienne Deval, [[soprano]]
* [[Choir]] and [[percussion]] of the [[Greek National Opera]], Yvan Cassar: [[conducting|conductor]]

=== 2001 ===
Album composed, arranged and produced by Vangelis

Concert conceived, designed and directed by Vangelis

* [[Vangelis]]: [[synthesiser]]s, [[musical keyboard|keyboards]]
* [[Kathleen Battle]], [[Jessye Norman]]: [[soprano]]s
* [[London Metropolitan Orchestra]], [[Blake Neely]]: [[conducting|conductor]]
* [[Greek National Opera]] Choir, [[Fani Palamidi]]: conductor
* Greek National Opera percussion ensemble (album only)
* Seistron, Typana: [[percussion ensemble]]s (concert only)
* [[Frederick Rousseau]]: sound engineer and coordinator

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Vangelis}}
{{good article}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2001 albums]]
[[Category:Concerts]]
[[Category:Vangelis albums]]
[[Category:Choral symphonies]]