View source for Music of Belgium

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The [[music]] of [[Belgium]] is a cultural mix where [[Flemings|Flemish]] [[Dutch language|Dutch]]-speaking and [[Walloons|Walloon]] [[French language|French]]-speaking traditions mix with those of German minorities and of immigrant communities from [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] or other distant countries.

==Early and classical music==
[[Image:Orlando de Lassus2.jpg|thumb|right|Lassus leading a chamber ensemble (contemporary painting by Hans Mielich)]]

Many of the major 15th- and 16th-century composers of the [[Franco-Flemish School]]—a current of vocal [[polyphony]] that played a central role in European art music of the time—were born and bred in the portion of the [[Low Countries]] that is situated in present-day Belgium, often in [[County of Hainaut|Hainaut]].<ref name=Grove-LowCountries>{{cite encyclopedia | last=Dunning | first=Albert | title=Low Countries. I. Art music – 1. Netherlands to 1600 | encyclopedia=[[Grove Music Online]] | publisher=Oxford Music Online | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/40073 | access-date = 6 March 2014}} {{subscription required}}</ref> The late medieval composer and music theorist [[Johannes Ciconia]] (c. 1370–1412) had been born in [[Liège]], but like many later Flemish polyphonists he spent much of his life working in [[Renaissance Italy]]. While it remains unclear why [[Flemish people|Flemish]] and other [[Netherlandish]] musicians exerted such a strong influence on [[Renaissance music]] throughout Europe (with a particularly strong axis developing between Liège and [[Rome]]), one possibility is the emphasis that was placed locally on music theory.<ref name=Grove-LowCountries/> [[Guillaume Dufay]] (c. 1397–1474), who was born near [[Brussels]] (he moved as a child to [[Cambrai]], and also worked in Italy), was a key figure of the early 15th-century [[Burgundian School]], and he was considered by his contemporaries to be the leading composer of the age.<ref name=Grove-Dufay>{{cite encyclopedia | last=Planchart | first=Alejandro Enrique | title=Du Fay, Guillaume | encyclopedia=Grove Music Online | publisher=Oxford Music Online | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/08268 | access-date = 6 March 2014}}  {{subscription required}}</ref> Another influential figure was [[Gilles Binchois]] (c. 1400–1460): probably born in [[Mons, Belgium|Mons]] (or nearby [[Binche]]) he moved to [[Lille]], the largest city of what is now [[French Flanders]], and unlike many of his contemporaries, he maintained professional connections with the [[Duchy of Burgundy|Burgundian court]] throughout his life.<ref name=Grove-Binchois>{{cite encyclopedia | last=Fallows | first=David | title=Binchois, Gilles de Bins dit | encyclopedia=Grove Music Online | publisher=Oxford Music Online | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/03094 | access-date = 6 March 2014}} {{subscription required}}</ref>  [[Johannes Ockeghem]] (c. 1410–1497) is also considered one of the leading composers of the 15th century; a native of Hainaut, he spent most of his career working for the French court.<ref name=Grove-Ockeghem>{{cite encyclopedia | last=Perkins | first=Leeman L | title=Ockeghem, Jean de | encyclopedia=Grove Music Online | publisher=Oxford Music Online | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/20248 | access-date = 7 March 2014}} {{subscription required}}</ref>

The migration and influence of Netherlandish composers reached its height roughly between 1480 and 1520, in a period when talented musicians from Low Countries were recruited in courts and cathedrals across the continent, effectively providing the music school of Europe.<ref name=Grove-LowCountries/> The music of [[Josquin des Prez]] (c. 1450–1521) was considered an aesthetic model for much of the 16th-century [[High Renaissance]]; although referred to in his lifetime as a Frenchman (he worked in both France and Italy) he was probably born in Hainaut.<ref name=Grove-Josquin>{{cite encyclopedia | last1=Macey | first1=Patrick | last2=Noble | first2=Jeremy | last3=Dean | first3=Jeffrey | last4=Reese | first4=Gustave | title=Josquin des Prez | encyclopedia=Grove Music Online | publisher=Oxford Music Online | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/14497 | access-date = 7 March 2014}} {{subscription required}}</ref> Other influential composers of the period whose origins can be traces to the Belgian area of the Low Countries include [[Jacob Obrecht]] (c. 1457–1505), [[Pierre de La Rue]] (c. 1452–1518), [[Alexander Agricola]] (c. 1445–1506), and [[Gaspar van Weerbeke]] (c. 1445–c. 1516).<ref name=Grove-LowCountries/> Although the emigration of musicians from the Low Countries continued into the second half of the 16th century, the hegemony of Netherlandish influence was on the wane.<ref name=Grove-LowCountries/> One of the last truly influential figures of the era was [[Orlande de Lassus]] (c. 1532–1594).<ref name=Grove-LowCountries/> Another native of Mons, Lassus became one of the most versatile composers of the century, and (according to his entry in [[Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|''Grove'']]) "the best-known and most widely admired musician in Europe."<ref name=Grove-Lassus>{{cite encyclopedia | last=Haar | first=James | title=Lassus | encyclopedia=Grove Music Online | publisher=Oxford Music Online | url=http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/16063pg1 | access-date = 7 March 2014}} {{subscription required}}</ref>

[[André Ernest Modeste Grétry]] was the most famous composer - born in what is now called Belgium - of the 18th century. The 19th century supplied composers like [[Henri Vieuxtemps]], [[César Franck]], [[Guillaume Lekeu]] and [[Eugène Ysaÿe]]. At the end of the 20th century the most notable Belgian composers were [[Piet Swerts]] and [[Wim Mertens]]. One of Belgium's most prized people is Adolphe Sax. Adolphe Sax was born in Belgium and created what people know as the saxophone.

In the field of opera, baritones Jules Bastin and [[José van Dam]] have become the most famous and internationally successful Belgian opera singers. In the lighter classical genre, Flemish singer [[Helmut Lotti]] reached international success with his interpretations of popular opera songs for large audiences.

In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Belgian artists like [[Wieland Kuijken]] and [[Marcel Ponseele]] contributed to the [[Historically informed performance]] of [[baroque music]], with their ensembles [[La Petite Bande]] and [[il Gardellino]].
 
{{Expand section|date=March 2014}}

==Jazz and blues==
{{main|Jazz in Belgium}}
One of the most famous [[jazz]] instruments, the [[saxophone]], was invented by a Belgian: [[Adolphe Sax]].

Some known Belgian blues artists are [[Elmore D]] (who sings in English and Walloon dialect), and the Flemish [[Roland van Campenhout]] (also known as Roland).
{{multiple image
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| image1            = Django Reinhardt (Gottlieb 07301).jpg
| alt1              = Django Reinhardt in New York, 1946
| image2            = Thielemans1979.jpg
| alt2              = Thielemans in the Netherlands, 1979
| footer            = Jazz virtuosos [[Django Reinhardt]] (1946) and [[Toots Thielemans]] (1979)
}}
In the 1930s, the Belgian [[Romani people|romani]] guitarist [[Django Reinhardt]] became one of the first important jazz musicians to be born in Europe, and one of the most important jazz guitarists of all time. In 1949 [[Toots Thielemans]] joined a [[jam session]] in Paris with [[Sidney Bechet]], [[Charlie Parker]], [[Miles Davis]], [[Max Roach]] and others. He moved to the US in 1952 where he was a member of Charlie Parker's All-Stars. Toots Thielemans is often credited by jazz aficionados and jazz critics to be the greatest jazz [[harmonica]] player of the century. His music has been used in films like [[Midnight Cowboy]] and [[Turkish delight]], and television series such as [[Sesame Street]] and [[Baantjer]]. 
Other well known Belgian artists are [[Aka Moon]], [[Bobby Jaspar]], [[Bert Joris]], [[Philip Catherine]], [[Steve Houben]], [[Octurn]] and [[René Thomas (guitarist)|René Thomas]], and the first quartertone jazzpianist [[Seppe Gebruers]] (b. 1990). He is well known for his experimental approach and exploring microtonality in jazz. In his project 'Playing with standards' he plays with two grandpianos tuned a quartertone apart, and with the well known jazzstandards.<ref>the quartertone pianos: http://www.playingwithstandards.com</ref>

==Folk and other traditional music==<!-- This section is linked from [[The Wicker Man]] -->
[[File:Bobbejaan_schoepen_grand_ole_opry_1953.jpg|thumb|Bobbejaan Schoepen in the [[Grand Ole Opry]], 1953]]
[[Bobbejaan Schoepen]] has been a pioneer in Belgian [[vaudeville]] and [[pop music]] since the late 1940s. Not only was he the first Belgian singer to manage an international breakthrough, he was also the first to use modern equipment, a personal tourbus and a system of artist sponsoring. He also introduced the first country & western recordings in the [[Low Countries]] and Germany. In the 1950s [[Bobbejaan Schoepen]] recorded his own absolutely crazy folk music often singing in [[Flemish dialects|Flemish]] dialect. He was also a virtuoso whistler.

From the late 1960s, [[Flanders]] saw a vivid revival of traditional music (and, to a lesser degree, of traditional dances) through the efforts of musicians like [[Wannes Van de Velde]], [[Willem Vermandere]], [[Walter De Buck]], [[Hubert Boone]], [[Herman De Wit]] and many more. They inspired a new generation of folk musicians through their written and recorded publications, and through festivals and regular summer academies and master classes.

Walloon folk music has not had as vibrant a revival as Flemish, but artists like [[Coïncidence]], [[Remy Dubois]], [[Luc Pilartz]], [[Rue du Village]] and [[Claude Flagel]] have kept the folk traditions alive.

Contrary to general evolution, there has always been great openness across the so-called linguistical barriers - there are many collaborations between Belgian musicians of different language.

==Chanson==
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| footer            = French-speaking [[Jacques Brel]] (1962) and [[Salvatore Adamo]] (2007) achieved worldwide success
}}

The greatest Belgian chansonnier was [[Jacques Brel]], whose classic songs have been covered by several international artists such as [[David Bowie]], [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Dusty Springfield]], [[Scott Walker (singer)|Scott Walker]] and [[Terry Jacks]]. Despite his mainly French-language oeuvre, [[Salvatore Adamo]] achieved worldwide success from the 1960s onwards.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2023 |title=Salvatore Adamo |url=https://houbi.com/belpop/groups/adamo.htm |website=houbi.com/belpop |language=en}}</ref> While Brel influenced artists worldwide artistically, Adamo was enormously successful commercially.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2021 |title=Adamo |url=https://www.nporadio2.nl/muziek/artiesten/3a3732e8-fc29-458c-abcc-c1fec5d0c7f9/adamo |website=nporadio2.nl |language=nl}}</ref> By the second half of the sixties, Adamo had become the world's second best-selling musician after [[The Beatles]].<ref>{{cite web |date=6 January 2023 |title=Salvatore Adamo - Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0010672/bio/ |access-date= |work=imdb.com |language=}}</ref> Others like [[Pierre Rapsat]], [[Arno (singer)|Arno]], [[Maurane]], [[Axelle Red]] and [[Lara Fabian]] have also enjoyed some success in other French-speaking countries.

The French chanson style also inspired some Dutch-speaking singers like [[Kor Van der Goten]] and [[Jan De Wilde]].

==Dialect singing==
With the 1960s folk revival came a new interest into dialect singing. Pioneer [[Wannes Van de Velde]] soon got a following, mostly in the folk and traditional styles, but eventually extending into the comedy rock of [[The Clement Peerens Explosition]] and the hip-hop of [['t Hof van Commerce]] (or [[Flip Kowlier]] solo). Others, while mostly performing in standard Dutch, will include an occasional phrase or even a complete song in dialect (ex. [[Johan Verminnen]], ''Rue des Bouchers'' and [[Raymond van het Groenewoud]], ''Je veux de l'amour'').

==Pop and rock==
{{main|Belgian rock}}

During 1950 through 1960 and following decades the most popular, enduring, commercial and critical successful Flemish singer was [[Will Tura]], whose most well known hit in [[Flanders]] is "Eenzaam zonder jou" (1963) ("Lonely without you").

The most popular and enduring artists in Flanders and the Netherlands who sing in either their Flemish dialect or standard Dutch are [[Eddy Wally]], [[Raymond van het Groenewoud]], [[Willem Vermandere]], [[De Kreuners]], [[Clouseau (band)|Clouseau]], [[Gorki (band)]], [[Noordkaap]], and [[De Mens]].

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| alt1              = Raymond van het Groenewoud in 1995
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| alt2              = Clouseau in 2024
| footer            = Flemish artists [[Raymond van het Groenewoud]] (1995) and [[Clouseau (band)|Clouseau]] (2024) have been popular in Flanders and the Netherlands for decades
}}

In 1959 the Belgian singer of Italian descent [[Rocco Granata]] scored a big European hit with "Marina". The singing nun [[Soeur Sourire]] had an international number one hit in 1963 with [[Dominique (song)|Dominique]]. She won a [[6th Annual Grammy Awards|Grammy Award]] for best gospel recording in 1964 for the song, and was nominated for several other categories, including [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]]. When folk and hippie culture finally hit a chord around the world the groups [[The Pebbles]] ("[[Seven Horses in the Sky]]", "I Get Around") and [[The Wallace Collection]] ("[[Daydream (Wallace Collection song)|Daydream]]") had considerable international success. [[Irish Coffee (band)|Irish Coffee]], a hard rock band from [[Aalst, Belgium|Aalst]] also achieved considerable local success in the same era. Due to a lack of really professional management these few pop groups failed to build out a durable international career, a trend which continued during the 1970s when the most successful artists sang in their native tongue. The only real new international successful artist was [[Plastic Bertrand]]. (See "Punk" below). 

Real international success for Belgian acts began in 1980 with the rock group [[TC Matic]]. They were quite popular in the rest of Europe with numbers like "[[Oh La La La (TC Matic song)|Oh La La La]]" and "[[Putain putain]]". Lead singer [[Arno (singer)|Arno]] later started his own successful solo career. Many groups and artists had considerable success in other countries, but they usually did not reach out much further than West Europe. Notable exceptions were [[Maurane]], [[Jo Lemaire]], [[Soulsister]] ("[[The Way to Your Heart|The Way To Your Heart]]", 1987) and [[Vaya Con Dios (band)|Vaya Con Dios]] ("Puerto Rico", 1988, "[[What's a Woman?]]", 1990).

===Indie rock===
In the early 1990s many [[alternative rock]] bands finally started to achieve larger international acclaim and success. In [[Antwerp]], a lively [[indie rock]] scene sprouts where [[Deus (band)|dEUS]] is probably the most famous, next to other people and groups like [[Zita Swoon]] (formerly Moondog Jr), [[Evil Superstars]], [[Kiss My Jazz]], [[Dead Man Ray]], [[K's Choice]] ("[[Not an Addict]]"), [[Admiral Freebee]],  and [[Die Anarchistische Abendunterhaltung]]. In the [[noise]] genre [[Antwerp]] houses the pioneer band [[Club Moral]]. [[Ghent]] also has a booming indie scene: [[Absynthe Minded]], [[Das Pop]], Millionaire, [[Zornik]],  [[Awaken (band)|Awaken]] and the successful [[Soulwax]] bring indie rock with a slightly rougher edge than their Antwerp fellows, while The Vogues (Brussels) have a British-influenced sound. Other popular artists are [[Triggerfinger (band)|Triggerfinger]], [[Gabriel Ríos]] and [[Ghinzu]].

===Punk===
[[File:The_Kids_door_Dirk_Annemans.jpg|thumb|Punk band [[The Kids (Belgian band)|The Kids]] in 2024]]
The most well-known Belgian [[Punk rock|punk]] bands are Chainsaw, [[The Kids (Belgian band)|The Kids]] ("Fascist Cops", "There will be no Next Time"), [[Janez Detd]], [[Funeral Dress]] and [[Plastic Bertrand]] who had a worldwide hit with "[[Ça plane pour moi|Ça Plane Pour Moi]]" (1978). [[Lou Deprijck]], the song's co-writer and producer, later also turned out to be the actual singer of the song. He previously already had international fame with his band [[Two Man Sound]] ("Charlie Brown", "[[Disco Samba]]").<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 2023 |title=Belpoplegende Lou Deprijck (77) overleden, bekend van Lou & the Hollywood Bananas |trans-title=Belpop legend Lou Deprijck (77) has passed away, known for Lou & the Hollywood Bananas |url=https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2023/09/19/lou-deprijck-overleden-zanger-van-lou-and-the-hollywood-bananas/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919123006/https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2023/09/19/lou-deprijck-overleden-zanger-van-lou-and-the-hollywood-bananas/ |archive-date=19 September 2023 |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=[[VRT (broadcaster)|VRT]] |language=nl}}</ref>

[[West Flanders]] was home to the "H8000" (pronounced "Hate-Thousand") underground [[hardcore punk]] scene during the 1990s. Bands within the scene took heavily from [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]], and followed [[straight edge]] and [[vegan]] lifestyles. Some bands helped to pioneer the development of [[metalcore]] and then later on [[melodic metalcore]] and [[deathcore]].<ref name="H8000">{{cite AV media |people=Hans Verbeke |date=2019 |title=H8000 Documentary — Anger & Distortion; 1989 - 1999 |language=nl}}</ref> Some groups from the scene include Congress, Liar, Blindfold, Shortsight, Regression and Spirit of Youth.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ramirez |first1=Carlos |title=H8000: Director Hans Verbeke on His Doc About the Belgian Hardcore Scene (1989-1999) |date=5 February 2019 |url=https://www.noecho.net/interviews/h8000-director-hans-verbeke-on-his-documentary-about-the-1989-1999-hardcore |access-date=24 September 2019}}</ref> [[Good Life Recordings]] signed and released much of the music for the scene.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ik heb death metal nodig om gelukkig te zijn |url=https://www.redbull.com/be-nl/aborted-interview-hooked |website=[[Red Bull]] |access-date=28 September 2019}}</ref>

===Metal===
[[File:20150524_Gelsenkirchen_RockHard_Channel_Zero_0150.jpg|thumb|[[Channel Zero (band)|Channel Zero]] performing in 2015]]
The most well-known Belgian metal bands include death metallers [[Aborted]], [[Ostrogoth (band)|Ostrogoth]], [[Killer (Belgian band)|Killer]], [[Emeth (band)|Emeth]], [[Fractured Insanity]], [[Warbeast Remains]] and [[Serial Butcher]], grindcore quartet [[Leng Tch'e]], [[Agathocles (band)|Agathocles]], black metal bands [[Enthroned]], [[Saille]] and [[Ancient Rites]], folk metal band [[Ithilien (band)|Ithilien]], heavy metal band [[Channel Zero (band)|Channel Zero]] and melodic black/doom metal band [[Amenra]].

==Hip-hop==
{{main|Belgian hip hop|Nederhop}}
[[File:Le_chanteur_Stromae.jpg|thumb|[[Stromae]] in France, 2014]]
Belgium's hip hop scene is partly rooted in the immigrant communities from [[Africa]] and [[Italy]]. Belgium, like neighbouring [[France]], controlled African countries like the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (formerly Zaire), [[Rwanda]], and [[Burundi]] until the early 1960s. Like in France, immigrants from these countries started to study and live in Belgium.

Today, the Belgian hip hop scene is growing. Rappers like [[Coely]], [[Roméo Elvis]], [[Stromae]] and [[Damso]] are achieving commercial success in their country and abroad. Other contemporary rappers/formations are [[Stikstof]], [[Woodie Smalls]], [[L'Or Du Commun]] and {{ill|Isha (rapper)|lt=Isha|fr|Isha (rappeur)}}.

[[Hooverphonic]] is a famous Belgian [[trip hop]] band, which scored hits with "[[Eden (Hooverphonic song)|Eden]]" and "[[Mad About You (Hooverphonic song)|Mad About You]]".

==Electronic music==
The earliest Belgian electronica act was [[Telex (band)|Telex]] ("Moskow Diskow", "[[Euro-Vision]]"). Frontman [[Marc Moulin]] was later moved on to pursue a solo career.

At the end of the 1980s Belgium started to play a very important role in the development of [[Techno music]]. The group [[Technotronic]] had a massive international hit with "[[Pump Up The Jam]]". A new genre, [[new beat]] was created and scored international hits with acts like [[The Confettis]] ("The Sound of C.", 1988). Bands like [[Front 242]], Snowy Red,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/Snowy+Red|title=Snowy Red|website=[[Discogs]]}}</ref> Public Relation <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/artist/Public+Relation|title=Public Relation|website=[[Discogs]]}}</ref> and [[A Split-Second]] played a part in making the music genre [[Electronic body music|EBM]] popular.
[[File:2015-07-25_Front_242_(Amphi_festival_2015)_012.jpg|thumb|[[Front 242]] concert in Germany, 2015]]
In the 1990s, acts like the partially Dutch-Belgian [[2 Unlimited]] ("[[No Limit (2 Unlimited song)|No Limit]]") and the Flemish [[Lords of Acid]] and [[Praga Khan]], were internationally successful. Other internationally renowned Belgian dance acts are [[2 Many Dj's]] (a spin-off from the group [[Soulwax]]), The Glimmers (formerly Mo & Benoelie),<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.discogs.com/artist/Glimmers%2C+The| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060624154426/http://www.discogs.com/artist/Glimmers,+The| archive-date = 2006-06-24| title = Glimmers, The| website = [[Discogs]]}}</ref> [[Junior Jack]] & [[Kid Creme]], [[Sylver]], [[Milk Inc.]], [[Kate Ryan]], [[Lasgo]], [[Ian Van Dahl]], and [[Vive La Fête]]. The 2000s saw a proliferation of [[experimental music|experimental electronic]] Belgian artists. [[Jan Robbe]], Kaebin Yield and Sedarka are key innovators of the "flashcore" sound,<ref>"[http://www.spannered.org/music/1181/ Flashcore: Earth, Atomizer, Let's Go!]", spannered.org. Retrieved on November 8, 2008.</ref> and others including Sickboy of the Belgian Breakcore Gives Me Wood <ref>http://breakcoregivesmewood.wordpress.com {{User-generated source|date=August 2022}}</ref> collective were crucial in the development of [[breakcore]] and [[Mashup (music)|Mashup]]. Nowadays, singer [[Stromae]] has been a musical revelation in Europe and beyond, having great success. The 2010s saw the formation of [[dubstep]] duo [[Ganja White Night]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bayeul |first1=Benjamin |last2=Dodson |first2=Charlie |title=In Conversation With Ganja White Night |url=https://ukf.com/read/in-conversation-with-ganja-white-night/ |website=[[UKF Music]] |access-date=March 4, 2025 |date=May 24, 2021}}</ref>

In 2015 [[Lost Frequencies]] had an international hit with his reworked version of [[Are You with Me (Easton Corbin song)|Are You with Me]], a song originally by [[Easton Corbin]]. Lately [[Angèle (singer)|Angèle]] has also arisen to the international stage.

==African music==
[[File:Zap_Mama_in_Seattle_2.jpg|thumb|[[Zap Mama]] performing in Seattle, 2007]]
Since the early 1980s, African musicians have played an important part on the Belgian scene, especially those from the former Belgian colony of [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]].  Congolese-Belgian [[Princesse Mansia M'Bila]], [[Rwanda]]n-Belgian [[Cécile Kayirebwa]] and [[Dieudonné Kabongo]] led this wave that soon incorporated [[Argentine tango]] [[tango music|music]], [[Morocco|Moroccan]] [[oud]] and other music from around the world.  The 1990s saw the emergence of [[Zap Mama]], a group of Congolese-Belgian women who played a fusion of [[Pygmy]] and other African music with European influences.

==See also==
*[[Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest]]
*[[List of Belgian bands and artists]]
*[[List of Belgian classical composers]]
*[[List of best-selling Belgian music artists]]
*[[Popcorn (music style)]]
*[[Union of Belgian Composers]]

==References==
<references/>
*Rans, Paul. "Flemish, Walloon and Global Fusion". 2000.  In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark  with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), ''World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East'', pp 25–30. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. {{ISBN|1-85828-636-0}}

==External links==
* {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.ville-ge.ch/meg/musinfo_ph.php?what=pays=Belgique&debut=0&bool=AND Audio clips: traditional music of Belgium.] [[Musée d'ethnographie de Genève]]. Accessed November 25, 2010.
*[http://www.belgianmusic.be BelgianMusic.be] Belgian music videos (Dutch only)
*[http://www.musicinbelgium.net Music in Belgium - Rock, Blues & Folk] (French/English)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061030150238/http://www.thewab.be/ The Wack Attack Barrack] (English/Dutch)
*[http://houbi.com/belpop Belgian Pop & Rock Archives] (English/Dutch)
*[http://www.waltertje.com Belgian & Dutch Music Archive] (Dutch only)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120425121612/http://www.belgianmetalscene.be/  Metal Events in Belgium]
*[https://www.youtube.com/user/belgianmusic Belgian Music on YouTube] (Extensive collection of videos from various Belgian musicians of all genres)
*[http://www.jazzinbelgium.com jazzinbelgium.com] All about the Belgian jazz scene (English/French/Dutch)

{{Belgium topics}}
{{Music of Europe}}

[[Category:Music of Belgium|*]]