View source for Mumbai Metropolitan Region

{{hatnote|Metropolitan area includes a city and its suburbs. For the city, see [[Mumbai]].}}
{{Short description|Metropolitan Area in Maharashtra, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Mumbai Metropolitan Region
| settlement_type    = [[Megacity]] and [[metropolitan area]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
 | perrow         = 1/2/2/2
 | border         = infobox
 | total_width    = 300
 | caption_align  = center
 | image1   = ওরলির গগনরৈখিক দৃশ্য.jpg
 | image2   = Navi Mumbai Skyline.jpg
 | image3   = Kalyan Railway Yard, Kalyan, Maharashtra, India - panoramio (2).jpg
 | image4   = Mira Road Skyline.jpg
 | image5   = JivDani,Virar - panoramio (32).jpg
 | image6   = Eastern Express Highway by night in Thane.jpg
 | image7   = View of Neral from Matheran.jpg
 | color    = 
}}
'''From top, left to right:'''{{hlist|[[Mumbai]], the centre of MMR|[[Navi Mumbai]]|[[Kalyan-Dombivli]]|[[Mira-Bhayandar]]|[[Vasai-Virar]]|[[Thane]]|View from [[Matheran]]}}
| image_alt          = 
| image_caption      = 
| image_map          = Map of Mumbai Metropolitan Region.png
| image_map1         = Mumbai, metropolitan region, satellite image, Landsat-5, 2011-01-30.jpg
| map_caption1       = Satellite image of MMR
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1  = State
| subdivision_name1  = {{flagicon image|Flag of Maharashtra.svg}} [[Maharashtra]]
| seat_type          = [[Core city]]
| seat               = [[Mumbai]]
| parts_type         = [[List of districts of India|Districts]]
| parts              = [[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]]<br />[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]]<br />[[Thane district|Thane]] <br />[[Palghar district|Palghar]]<br />[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
| government_type    = [[Urban Planning]] Agency
| governing_body     = [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]]
| area_metro_km2     = 6328
| population_total   = 
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/about-us/about-mmr | title=MMR Population MMRDA |website = MMRDA|date = January 18, 2025}}</ref>
| population_metro   = 2,65,98000
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = '''In Broader sense:''' Mumbaikar, Mumbaiite<br><br>'''In Narrower sense:''' Thanekar, Navi Mumbaikar, Kalyankar, Bhiwandikar, Vasaikar, etc.
| population_note    = 
| demographics_type2 = [[GDP]]
| demographics2_footnotes = 
| demographics2_title1 = Metro
| demographics2_info1 = [[USD|US$]] 277.98 billion (nominal)<ref>{{cite web|title=Global Wealth GDP Nominal Distribution: Who Are The Leaders Of The Global Economy? - Full Size|url=https://www.visualcapitalist.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Global-Wealth-Distribution.html|access-date=2022-03-27|website=www.visualcapitalist.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mumbai-C40 cities|url=https://www.c40.org/cities/mumbai/|access-date=2024-08-10|website=C40.org}}</ref> <br /> [[USD|US$]] 400 billion ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mumbai 17th in global GDP list, says survey |date=3 June 2017 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-17th-in-global-gdp-list-says-survey-4686508/|access-date=2023-12-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=India needs its own $1 trillion states; Is Mumbai the answer? |work=financialexpress.com |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/economy/india-needs-its-own-1-trillion-states-is-mumbai-the-answer/1540497/ |access-date=2023-12-12}}</ref>
| coordinates_region = 
| timezone           = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset         = +5.30
| blank2_name_sec1   = 
| blank2_info_sec1   = 
| map_caption        = Map showing the extent of MMR
| website            = {{URL|https://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in}}
| postal_code_type   = [[Postal Index Number|PINs]]
| postal_code        = 400 001 to 421 605
| native_name        = ''Muṁbaī Mahānagara Pradēśa''
| other_name         = Greater Mumbai (MMR)
}}
'''Mumbai Metropolitan Region''' ([[ISO 15919|ISO]]: ''Muṁbaī Mahānagara Pradēśa''; abbreviated to '''MMR''' and previously also known as '''Greater Bombay Metropolitan Area'''),<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKD4uFIlQIEC&q=Greater+Bombay+Metropolitan&pg=PA81|title = The Making of Global City Regions: Johannesburg, Mumbai/Bombay, São Paulo, and Shanghai|isbn = 9780801885150|last1 = Segbers|first1 = Klaus|last2 = Raiser|first2 = Simon|author3 = Segbers|last4 = Volkmann|first4 = Krister|year = 2007| publisher=JHU Press }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3DYZwpHuqvUC&q=Greater+Bombay+Metropolitan+Area|title=Bombay, New Bombay, and Metropolitan Region: Growth Process and Planning Lessons|last1=Verma|first1=Harnam Singh|year=1985}}</ref> is a [[metropolitan area]] consisting of [[Mumbai]] and its [[Satellite city|satellite towns]]  in the northern [[Konkan division]] of [[Maharashtra]] in [[western India]]. The region has an area of {{convert|6,328|km2}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/metropolitan-region-now-covers-palghar-vasai/articleshow/68088690.cms|title=Metropolitan region now covers Palghar, Vasai &#124; Mumbai News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=21 February 2019 }}</ref> and with a population of over 26 million it is among the [[List of metropolitan areas by population|most populous metropolitan areas]] in the world.<ref name=pib-ua2011>{{cite web|title=INDIA STATS: Million plus cities in India as per Census 2011|url=http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|work=Press Information Bureau, Mumbai|publisher=[[National Informatics Centre]] (NIC)|access-date=7 February 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630112755/http://pibmumbai.gov.in/scripts/detail.asp?releaseId=E2011IS3|archive-date=30 June 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Developing over a period of about 20 years, it consists of nine municipal corporations and eight smaller municipal councils. The entire area is overseen by the [[Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority]] (MMRDA), a [[Government of Maharashtra|state-owned]] organisation in charge of town planning, development, transportation and housing in the region.

The MMRDA was formed to address challenges in planning and development of integrated infrastructure for the metropolitan region.The areas outside Brihanmumbai (Greater Mumbai) and [[Navi Mumbai]] have lacked organised development. Navi Mumbai, developed as one of the largest [[planned city|planned cities]] in the world, was promoted by a state government-owned company, [[City and Industrial Development Corporation]] (CIDCO).

The region has had problems related to haphazard and illegal development as a result of rapid urbanisation. Villages along the [[National Highway 3 (India)|NH 3]] in [[Bhiwandi]] are examples of haphazard developments in the MMR, with some of the largest warehousing areas in India. Government agencies such as the [[Urban planner|Town Planner]] and [[District collector|Collector]] of [[Thane]] have had challenges in addressing unorganised development.

== Area ==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;margin:auto;"
!Municipal Corporations
!Type
!Districts
!Area
(km<sup>2</sup>)
!Population
(2011 Census)
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation|Greater Mumbai]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]]
| rowspan="2"|479
| rowspan="2" |12,442,373
|-
|[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]]
|-
|[[Bhiwandi-Nizampur City Municipal Corporation|Bhiwandi-Nizampur]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|28
|7,09,665
|-
|[[Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation|Kalyan-Dombivli]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|57
|12,47,327
|-
|[[Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation|Mira-Bhayandar]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|79.4
|8,09,378
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation|Navi Mumbai]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
| rowspan="2" |108.63
| rowspan="2" |11,20,547
|-
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|-
|[[Panvel Municipal Corporation|Panvel]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|110
|3,11,434
|-
|[[Thane Municipal Corporation|Thane]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|128
|18,41,488
|-
|[[Ulhasnagar Municipal Corporation|Ulhasnagar]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|13
|5,06,098
|-
|[[Vasai-Virar City Municipal Corporation|Vasai-Virar]]
|[[Municipal corporation (India)|Corporation]]
|[[Palghar district|Palghar]]
|311
|12,22,390
|-
|[[Ambarnath]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|38
|2,53,475
|-
|[[Badlapur]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Thane district|Thane]]
|38.68
|1,74,226
|-
|[[Uran]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|17.78
|23,251
|-
|[[Matheran]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|5.14
|5,139
|-
|[[Karjat]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|25.54
|29,663
|-
|[[Khopoli]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|58.66
|1,08,648
|-
|[[Pen, India|Pen]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|30.20
|37,852
|-
|[[Alibag]]
|[[Municipal council (India)|Council]]
|[[Raigad district|Raigad]]
|19.49
|2,36,167
|}

== Districts ==
#[[Mumbai City district|Mumbai City]] (complete)<ref name="projectsecoa1">{{cite web |url=http://www.projectsecoa.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=117&Itemid=73 |title=Mumbai metropolitan area |language=it |publisher=Projectsecoa.eu |access-date=2013-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006082759/http://www.projectsecoa.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=117&Itemid=73 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
#[[Mumbai Suburban district|Mumbai Suburban]] (complete)
#[[Thane district|Thane]] (partial)
#[[Raigad district|Raigad]] (partial)
#[[Palghar district|Palghar]] (partial)

== Transport ==

=== Metro ===
Mumbai Metropolitan Region has 3 metro systems covering the region. 2 systems are operational which are [[Mumbai Metro]] and [[Navi Mumbai Metro]] while the [[Thane Metro]] system has been recently approved. While Navi Mumbai Metro and Thane Metro are primarily in their respective cities, Mumbai Metro however is spread across all municipal corporations except Panvel. 

Mumbai Metro has a operational length of {{Cvt|68.97|km|}} while Navi Mumbai Metro has a operational length of {{Cvt|11.10|km|}}. In contrast, Mumbai Metro has various new lines and extensions under construction totaling to {{Cvt|132.45|km|}} meanwhile the Thane Metro has a proposed length of {{Cvt|29|km|}}. 
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center; width: 60%;"
! colspan="7" style="background:#ADD8E6;" |Mumbai
|-
!No.
!Line Name
! colspan="2" |Terminals
!Stations
!Distance (km)
!Opening Date
|-
!1
| style="background:#{{rail color|Mumbai Metro|blue}};text-align: center;" |[[Blue Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Blue'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Versova}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Ghatkopar}}
| style="text-align:center;" |12
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|11.40|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
! rowspan="2" |2
| rowspan="2" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|yellow}}; text-align: center;" |[[Yellow Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:black;">'''Yellow'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Dahisar East}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Andheri West}}
| style="text-align:center;" |17
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|18.6|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Andheri West}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Mandala}}
| style="text-align:center;" |20
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|23.6|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Under Construction
|-
! rowspan="2" |3
| rowspan="2" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|aqua}}; text-align: center;" |[[Aqua Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Aqua'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Aarey JVLR}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Acharya Atre Chowk}}
| style="text-align:center;" |16
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|22.46|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Acharya Atre Chowk}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Cuffe Parade}}
|11
|{{Cvt|11.07|km|}}
|Under Construction
|-
! rowspan="3" |4
| rowspan="3" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|red}}; text-align: center;" |[[Red Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Red'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Dahisar East}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gundavali}}
| style="text-align:center;" |14
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|16.5|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Operational
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gundavali}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport - T2}}
| style="text-align:center;" |2
| style="text-align:center;" |{{Cvt|3.17|km|}}
| style="text-align:center;" |Under Construction
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Dahisar East}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Subhash Chandra Bose Stadium}}
|8
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|11.38|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
!5
| style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|pink}}; text-align: center;" |[[Pink Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:black;">'''Pink'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Swami Samarth Nagar (Lokhandwala)}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Vikhroli EEH}}
| style="text-align: center;" |13
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|14.47|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
!6
| style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|green}}; text-align: center;" |[[green Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Green'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Gaimukh}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Bhakti Park (Wadala)}}
| style="text-align: center;" |36
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|32.32|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
! rowspan="2" |7
| rowspan="2" style="background:#{{rcr|Mumbai Metro|orange}}; text-align: center;" |[[orange Line (Mumbai Metro)|<span style="color:white;">'''Orange'''</span>]]
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Kapurbawdi}}
| style="text-align: center;" |{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Bhiwandi}}
| style="text-align: center;" |8
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|12.81|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Kalyan APMC}}
|{{stl|Mumbai Metro|Taloja}}
|17
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|20.75|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |Under Construction
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:#ADD8E6;" |Navi Mumbai
|-
!8
| align="center" class="wikitable" style="background:#4285F4" | <span style="color:White;">Line 1</span>
| style="text-align: center;" |CBD Belapur
| style="text-align: center;" |Pendhar (Taloja)
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|11.10|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |11
| style="text-align: center;" |Operational
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:#ADD8E6;" |Thane
|-
!9
| align="center" class="wikitable" style="background:#8C4E2C" | <span style="color:White;">Integral Ring</span>
| style="text-align: center;" |Thane Junction
| style="text-align: center;" |Shivaji Chowk
| style="text-align: center;" |{{Cvt|29|km|}}
| style="text-align: center;" |22
| style="text-align: center;" | Proposed
|}

=== Air ===
The region has one operational airport located in [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation|Greater Mumbai]] called [[Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport]]. The region also has one under construction airport in Navi Mumbai known as the [[Navi Mumbai International Airport]] and one aerodrome known as the Juhu Aerodrome, which is only used for private vehicles. 

==See also==
* [[National Capital Region (India)]]
* [[Chennai metropolitan area]]
* [[Kolkata metropolitan region]]
* [[List of metropolitan areas in India]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180033/http://www.transformmumbai.com/aboutmmrda.html MMRDA cities table]
*[http://www.mumbai77.com/city/2151/travel/station-names/ Mumbai Railway Station Names]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171020201648/https://mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in/who-we-are Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority - Who We Are]

{{Maharashtra}}
{{Mumbai metropolitan area}}
{{World's most populous urban areas}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|18.9667|N|72.8333|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}

[[Category:Geography of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Metropolitan areas of India|Mumbai]]