View source for Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya

{{Short description|Alid political and religious leader (c. 637–700)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| name               = Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya
| image              = 
| caption            = 
| native_name_lang   = [[Arabic]]
| religion           = [[Islam]]
| lineage            = 
| birth_date         = {{circa}} 637{{ndash}}638 [[common era|CE]] (16 [[Hijri year|AH]])
| birth_place        = [[Medina]], [[Hejaz]]
| death_date         = 700{{ndash}}701 CE
| death_place        = Medina, Hejaz
| children           = {{plainlist|
* [[Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya|Abd Allah]]
* [[Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya|Hasan]]
* Hamza
* Ali
* Jafar
* Akbar
* Ibrahim 
* Qasim
* Abdurrahman 
* Jafrul Asghar
* Awan
}}
| father             = [[Ali|Ali ibn Abi Talib]]
| mother             = [[Khawla al-Hanafiyya]]
| title              = 
| office1            = 4th [[Kaysanites|Kaysani]] [[Imamate|Imam]]
| period             =
| predecessor1        = [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]]
| successor1          = [[Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya|Abu Hashim]]
}}
{{Ali}}
'''Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya''' ({{Langx|ar|مُحَمَّد ابْن الْحَنَفِيَّة|translit=Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥanafiyya}}, {{circa|637–700}}, 15–81 [[Hijri year|AH]]) was a son of [[Ali ibn Abi Talib]], who was the fourth [[Rashidun Caliphate|caliph]] in [[Sunni Islam]] ({{Reign|656|661}}) and the first [[Imamate in Shia doctrine|imam]] in [[Shia Islam]]. Ibn al-Hanafiyya was an effective lieutenant for his father Ali during his caliphate. After the assassination of Ali and the deaths of his two sons [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]] and [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]], many recognized Ibn al-Hanafiyya as the head of the [[Alids|House of Ali]]. Claiming to represent Ibn al-Hanafiyya, [[Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]] rose in [[Iraq]] in 686 to avenge Husayn and his relatives, who were [[Battle of Karbala|massacred]] in 680 CE by forces of the [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad caliph]] [[Yazid I|Yazid bin Mu'awiya]] ({{Reign|680|683}}). The quiescent Ibn al-Hanafiyya did not actively associate with this rebellion but was still rescued by Mukhtar when he was detained by the rival caliph [[Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad]]. Support for Ibn al-Hanafiyya continued even after the defeat and death of Mukhtar in 686{{Ndash}}687 in the form of the [[Kaysanites]], a now-extinct [[Shia Islam|Shia]] sect that traced the imamate to Ibn al-Hanafiyya and his descendants, particularly his son [[Abu Hashim ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyah|Abu Hashim]]. After the death of Ibn al-Hanafiyya in 700{{Ndash}}701, some Kaysanites declared that he was the [[Mahdi]], the eschatological Islamic leader who would reappear in the end of time and eradicate injustice and evil. The Kaysanites later provided the organizational structure for the [[Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasids]] to overthrew the Umayyads in 750{{Ndash}}751.

== Birth ==
Often known by his title Ibn al-Hanafiyya,{{Sfn|Lewis|2012}} Muhammad was born to [[Khawla al-Hanafiyya|Khawla bint Ja'far]], a woman from the [[Banu Hanifa]] tribe, and [[Ali|Ali ibn Abi Talib]], a cousin of the [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]]. Ali is also recognized as the fourth [[Rashidun Caliphate|Rashidun caliph]] ({{Reign|656|661}}) and the first [[Imamate in Shia doctrine|Shia imam]].{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}} Ibn al-Hanafiyya was either born in 16 [[Islamic calendar|AH]] (637{{Ndash}}638 [[Common Era|CE]]),{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}} or circa 633.{{Sfn|Gifis|2018}} He was the only child of Khawla,{{Sfn|Lewis|2012}} a freed slave,{{Sfn|Gleave|2008}} whom Ali had married sometime after the death of his first wife [[Fatima]], daughter of Muhammad.{{Sfn|Qutbuddin|2006}} The {{Transliteration|ar|[[Kunya (Arabic)|kunya]]}} of Ibn Hanafiyya was Abu al-Qasim.{{Sfn|Crone|2005|p=77}}

== Early life ==
Soon after the assassination of the third Rashidun caliph [[Uthman|Uthman ibn Affan]] ({{Reign|644|656}}), Ali was elected to the caliphate in [[Medina]].{{Sfn|Gleave|2008}} During his caliphate, Ibn al-Hanafiyya accompanied Ali in battles,{{Sfn|Gleave|2008}} as his champion and standard-bearer.{{Sfn|Calmard|1982}}{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}} When Ali was assassinated in [[Kufa]] in January 661,{{sfn|Shah-Kazemi|2006|p=37}}{{sfn|Momen|1985|p=25}} his eldest son [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hasan]] was elected caliph there,{{sfn|Wellhausen|1901|p=18}}{{Sfn|Veccia Vaglieri|2012a}} but later abdicated in favor of [[Mu'awiya I]] ({{Reign|661|680}}) in August 661.{{Sfn|Qutbuddin|2005|p=9937}}{{Sfn|Madelung|2003}} Hasan died in 669 in Medina, probably poisoned at the instigation of Mu'awiya,{{Sfn|Madelung|2003}}{{Sfn|Qutbuddin|2005|p=9937}}{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=331}} who thus paved the way for the succession of his son [[Yazid I]] ({{Reign|680|683}}){{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=28}}{{Sfn|Jafri|1979|p=158}} often portrayed by [[Muslims|Muslim]] historians as impious and immoral.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=28}}{{Sfn|Pinault|2000|p=70}}{{Sfn|Aghaie|2007|p=117}} Hasan was thus succeeded by his younger brother [[Husayn ibn Ali|Husayn]] as the head of Muhammad's family.{{Sfn|Qutbuddin|2005|p=9937}} When the [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] [[Marwan I|Marwan]] and the prophet's widow [[Aisha]] prevented the burial of Hasan near his grandfather, Ibn Hanafiyya is said to have convinced Husayn to bury their brother in the [[Al-Baqi Cemetery|Baqi Cemetery]].{{Sfn|Madelung|1997|p=332}}

=== Battle of Karbala ===
Upon Mu'awiya's death and Yazid's accession in 680, the latter instructed his governor of Medina to secure Husayn's pledge of allegiance by force. Husayn immediately left for [[Mecca]] to avoid recognizing Yazid as the caliph.{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}} There Husayn received some letters of support from Kufans, whose intentions were verified by his envoy, [[Muslim ibn Aqil]].{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}} Among many others, Ibn al-Hanafiyya is said to have warned Husayn not to trust the Kufans, who had betrayed their father Ali and their brother Hasan, suggesting that he should instead stay in Mecca or conceal himself in Yemen.{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}}{{Sfn|Ayoub|1978|p=98}} Husayn ignored such warnings,{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}} saying that he expected to be killed while fighting the tyranny of Yazid.{{Sfn|Munson|1988|pp=22{{ndash}}23}}{{Sfn|Tabatabai|1975|pp=175, 188}} On their way to Kufa in 680, Husayn's small caravan was intercepted by the Umayyad army.{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}} He was killed in the ensuing [[Battle of Karbala]], alongside most of his male relatives and his small retinue, having been surrounded for some days and deprived of the drinking water of the nearby [[Euphrates|Euphrates River]]. After the battle, the women and children in Husayn's camp were taken prisoner and marched to the Umayyad capital [[Damascus]] in [[Levant|Syria]].{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=28}}{{Sfn|Pinault|2000|p=70}}{{Sfn|Aghaie|2007|p=117}} The promised Kufan support did not materialize as [[Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad]], the new governor of Kufa, killed Husayn's envoy and intimidated Kufan tribal chiefs.{{Sfn|Madelung|2004}} Unlike Husayn, the quiescent Ibn al-Hanafiyya is said to have pledged his allegiance to Yazid.{{Sfn|Dakake|2007|p=96}}

== Uprising of Mukhtar ==
After the death of Husayn, his only surviving son, [[Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin]], retired to an apolitical life in Medina.{{Sfn|Balyuzi|2002|p=200}}{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=36}} Ibn al-Hanafiyya was thus considered by many as the head of the [[Alids|House of Ali]].{{Sfn|Balyuzi|2002|p=200}}{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}} Indeed, [[Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]] soon claimed to represent Ibn Hanafiyya in Kufa, calling for revenge for the Karbala massacre.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=35}}{{Sfn|Daftary|2015|p=173}} His efforts were bolstered by the defeat of the alternative [[Tawwabin uprising|Tawwabun]] rebellion in 684. Mukhtar eventually seized control of Kufa in 686 from [[Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr|Abd Allah ibn Zubayr]], who had established in 680 an alternative caliphate in Mecca that rivaled the Umayyads.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=35}} It is doubtful that Mukhtar actually represented the quiescent Ibn Hanafiyya.{{Sfn|Dakake|2007|p=96}}{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=51}} Nevertheless, the noncommittal response of Ibn Hanafiyya was interpreted by a Kufan delegation as an implicit endorsement of Mukhtar,{{Sfn|Haider|2019|p=267}}{{Sfn|Dakake|2007|p=97}} which in turn strengthened the Kufans' support for the latter.{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}}

=== Mahdi ===
After Husayn's death, Mukhtar likely considered Ibn Hanafiyya as the rightful imam,{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=47}} referring to him as Ali's surviving {{Transliteration|ar|wasi}} ({{Lit|legatee}}) after Hasan and Husayn.{{Sfn|Dakake|2007|pp=97{{ndash}}98}} Mukhtar also referred to Ibn Hanafiyya as the [[Mahdi]] ({{Lit|the rightly-guided one}}), that is, the leader who would deliver Muslims from oppression and spread justice.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=36}} At this point, however, this title of Ibn Hanafiyya probably did not have any messianic implications.{{Sfn|Madelung|2012}}{{Sfn|Küng|2007|pp=|p=200}} At any rate, Ibn Hanafiyya is said to have avoided this title,{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}} as he remained in his hometown of Medina and declined active leadership of the revolution.{{Sfn|Daftary|2015|p=173}} Perhaps an indication of his equivocal attitude towards the rebellion, Ibn Hanafiyya is said to have been represented in some later [[Hajj]] pilgrimages by his personal flag as the head of the House of Ali.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=33}}{{Sfn|Balyuzi|2002|p=200}}

=== Avenging Husayn ===
True to his promise,{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=53}} Mukhtar killed several figures thought to be responsible for the Karbala massacre, including the Kufa governor Ibn Ziyad and the Umayyad commander [[Umar ibn Sa'd]] ({{Died in|686}}), whose head was then sent to Ibn al-Hanafiyya by some accounts.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=33}}{{Sfn|Haider|2019|p=43}} Also killed was [[Shimr|Shamir ibn Dhi al-Jawshan]],{{Sfn|Haider|2019|p=32}} often viewed as responsible for beheading Husayn in Karbala.{{Sfn|Aghaie|2004|pp=8-9}}{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=30}} Elsewhere, Murra ibn Munqidh al-Abdi survived a revenge attempt but was severely wounded.{{Sfn|Bahramian|2015}}  He is said to have killed Husayn's son [[Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn|Ali al-Akbar]].{{Sfn|Calmard|1985}}{{Sfn|Bahramian|2015}} Yet [[Asma ibn Kharija al-Fazari]] and [[Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath|Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath al-Kindi]] escaped Mukhtar unharmed. The former was sought for his role in killing Muslim ibn Aqil and the latter was accused of insulting Husayn in Karbala.{{Sfn|Haider|2019|p=|pp=44{{ndash}}45}}

=== Confrontation with Ibn al-Zubayr ===
Saying that he was waiting for communal consensus, Ibn Hanafiyya had refused to pledge his allegiance to Ibn al-Zubayr, the self-proclaimed caliph in Mecca.{{Sfn|Haider|2019|p=270}} Some have therefore suggested that Ibn al-Hanafiyya might have had his own ambitions for the high office.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=33}} Perhaps it was this refusal to take the oath of allegiance and the takeover of Kufa by Mukhtar that provoked the Meccan caliph to imprison Ibn Hanafiyya.{{Sfn|Haider|2019|p=270}} He now wrote to Mukhtar for help and was rescued by his military detachment(s).{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}}{{Sfn|Haider|2019|pp=270{{ndash}}271}} The rescue mission is said to have been bloodless, as Ibn Hanafiyya had forbidden Mukhtar's men from fighting in the sanctuary of Mecca.{{Sfn|Haider|2019|pp=270{{ndash}}271}} This appeal for help suggests that the passive attitude of Ibn Hanafiyya towards Mukhtar has been exaggerated.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=33}} Ibn Hanafiyya then settled in [[Mina, Saudi Arabia|Mina]], near Mecca, and later in [[Taif|Ta'if]].{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}}

=== Death of Mukhtar ===
Mukhtar was defeated and killed in 686{{Ndash}}687,{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=36}} yet Ibn Hanafiyya was not compromised afterward, which perhaps indicates his weak ties with Mukhtar.{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}} Ibn Hanafiyya continued to withhold his support from the two rival caliphates until the fall of Zubayr in 692, at which point he pledged his allegiance to the Umayyad caliph [[Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan|Abd al-Malik]] ({{Reign|685|705}}).{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=33}} By some accounts, he visited the caliph in Damascus in 692,{{Sfn|Küng|2007|pp=199{{ndash}}200}} who generously compensated him.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=33}}{{Sfn|Dakake|2007|p=96}}

== Kaysanites ==
{{Main|Kaysanites}}
The now-extinct Kaysanites was a [[Shia Islam|Shia]] sect that traced the imamate to Ibn Hanafiyya and his descendants.{{Sfn|Amir-Moezzi|Jambet|2018|p=38n9}}{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|pp=34{{ndash}}35}} The sect emerged from the uprising of Mukhtar,{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=34}} whose death did not end the propaganda in favor of Ibn Hanafiyya.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=36}}{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=52}} The Kaysanites condemned the caliphs preceding Ali ibn Abi Talib as usurpers of his right to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=11}}{{Sfn|Daftary|2013|p=39}} Most of them regarded Hasan, then Husayn, and finally Ibn Hanafiyya as the divinely-appointed imams after Ali ibn Abi Talib.{{Sfn|Lalani|2000|p=34}}{{Sfn|Daftary|2013|p=39}} When Ibn Hanafiyya died in 700{{Ndash}}701,{{Sfn|Buhl|2012}} or in 703 or 705,{{Sfn|Sharon|1983|p=116}} most Kaysanites followed his son [[Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya|Abu Hashim]],{{Sfn|Daftary|2015|p=175}} but some thought that Ibn Hanafiyya had entered [[Occultation (Islam)|occultation]], that is, he was providentially concealed from mankind until his reappearance by divine will.{{Sfn|Daftary|2015|p=175}} This was perhaps when the concept of the Mahdi became mainstream as the eschatological Islamic leader who would eradicate injustice and evil in the end of time.{{Sfn|Sachedina|1981|p=9}}{{Sfn|Crone|Hinds|2003|p=103}}{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=52}} Being the last (notable) son of Ali, the death of Ibn Hanafiyya also further divided the Shia community.{{Sfn|Sharon|1983|pp=116{{ndash}}117}}

It is difficult to estimate the numerical strength of the Kaysanites.{{Sfn|Haider|2014|p=38}} Late during the Umayyad period, they likely outnumbered the imamite Shias, who followed a Husaynid line of imams.{{Sfn|Dakake|2007|p=5}}{{Sfn|Daftary|2013|p=37}} Indeed, Ibn Hanafiyya and later his successor Abu Hashim diverted considerable support from Ali Zayn al-Abidin and his successor [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], for neither of the two laid any public claims to the imamate.{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=37}} The movement of Mukhtar ultimately paved the way for the overthrow of the Umayyads,{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|pp=52{{ndash}}53}} as the Kaysanites provided the organizational structure for the successful rebellion of the [[Abbasid Caliphate|Abbasids]],{{Sfn|Haider|2014}}{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=110}} who claimed descent from Muhammad's paternal uncle, [[Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Abbas]]. They postulated that Abu Hashim was succeeded to the imamate by the head of the Abbasid family, [[Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdallah|Muhammad ibn Ali]].{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=110}}{{Sfn|Crone|2005|p=91}} This was apparently the main Abbasid claim to legitimacy until they declared around 780 that the heir of the Islamic prophet Muhammad was his uncle Abbas rather than his cousin and son-in-law, Ali ibn Abi Talib.{{Sfn|Crone|2005|pp=91{{ndash}}92}}{{Sfn|Hawting|2000|p=110}} The Abbasids thus gradually turned against the mainstream Shia,{{Sfn|Daftary|2008}}{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=71}} carrying with themselves large numbers of the Kaysanites to [[Sunni Islam|Sunnism]].{{Sfn|Momen|1985|p=69}}

== Family tree ==
{{Quraysh tree}}
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" border="1" style="width:100%; text-align:center;"
!<small>The comparative genealogy of the [[Abbasid dynasty|Abbasid caliphs]] with their rival [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Zaydi imams]] </small>
|-
|
{{Chart top|width=100%|collapsed=no|'''[[Abbasids]]'''}}
{|- style="vertical-align:top"
| colspan=100% style="text-align:left" |
{{Color sample|border=black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px}} [[Caliph]]s of the [[Abbasid Caliphate]]<br/>
{{Color sample|border=yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px}} [[Caliph]]s of [[Mamluk Sultanate|Cairo]]<br/>
{{Color sample|border=Cyan; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px}} [[Zaydi]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|imams]]
|}
{{Tree chart/start|align=center|style=font-size:100%
}}
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | |A03| | | | | | | |A02| |A01
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{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | |!| |F|7|,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| |)|-|.| |!| |!| |:| | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A02|!|A06|:|A04| |A01| |A03| |A05
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 |A01='''[[al-Mahdi|Muḥammad<br/>al-Mahdī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(3)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 775–785}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03=[[Ja'far ibn Abdallah al-Mansur|Jāʿfar]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Wali al-Ahd]] & [[List of rulers of Mosul|Governor of Mosul]])}}<br/>{{Small|762–764}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px
 |A04=[[Abu Muslim|Abū Muslīm al-Khurāsānī]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Governor]] of [[Khurasan]])}}<br/>{{Small|748–755}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:DarkTurquoise; background-color:MintCream; border-width:1px
 |A05=[[Isa ibn Musa|ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Governor]] of [[Kufa]])}}<br/>{{Small|750–765}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:GhostWhite; border-width:1px
 |A06='''[[Yahya ibn Zayd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(7th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:Aqua; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
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{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| |)|-|.| |`|-|.| | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!|
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|!|A03|:|A05| |A02| |A01| |A06
 |A04=[[Abdullah Shah Ghazi|'''ʿAbd Allāh<br/>Shāh Ghāzī'''<br/>''(ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad)'']]<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(10th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:DarkBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
 |A05=[[Al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Abid|'''Al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī al-ʿĀbid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thallath''']]<br/>[[Hasan ibn Hasan|{{Sup|ibn Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā}}]]<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(12th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
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   |boxstyle_A03=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
 |A01='''[[al-Hadi|ʿMūsā<br/>al-Hādī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(4)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 785–786}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[Harun al-Rashid|Hārūn<br/>ar-Rāshīd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(5)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 786–809}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A06={{Sup|[[Governor|(The Governors)]]}} {{plainlist|
*[[Musa ibn Isa ibn Musa al-Hashimi|Mūsā]] {{Sup|([[Kufa]], [[List of rulers of Islamic Egypt|Egypt]] & [[List of caliphal governors of Medina|Medina]])}}
*[[Isma'il ibn Isa ibn Musa al-Hashimi|Ismā'īl]]<br/>{{Sup|([[List of rulers of Islamic Egypt|Egypt]])}}
*[[Dawud ibn Isa ibn Musa al-Hashimi|Dā'wūd]]}} {{Sup|([[List of caliphal governors of Medina|Medina]])}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:Black; background-color:GhostWhite; border-width:1px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|+|-|.| |`|~|.| |  | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A05|!|A04| |A06| |A03| |A02| |A01
 |A06='''Ibrāhīm Ṭabāṭabā'''<br/>{{Sup|ibn Ismāʿīl al-Dībādj ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ghamr ibn<br/>[[Hasan ibn Hasan|al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā]]}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A01='''[[al-Amin|Muḥammad<br/>al-Amin]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(6)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 809–813}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[al-Ma'mun|Abd Allāh<br/>al-Ma'mun]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(7)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 813–833}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03='''[[al-Mu'tasim|Muḥammad<br/>al-Mu'tasim]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(8)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 833–842}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A04='''[[Yahya ibn Abdallah|Yaḥyā]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Abd Allah al-Mahd|ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl]] [[Hasan ibn Hasan|ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā]]}}<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(14th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color: Turquoise; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
 |A05=[[Sulayman I of Tlemcen|'''Sulaymān''']]<br/>{{Sup|[[Abd Allah al-Mahd|ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl]] ibn [[Hasan ibn Hasan|al-Ḥasan II]]}}<br/>{{Sup|([[Emir]] [[Tlemcen|of Tlemcen]])}}<br/>{{Sup|([[Sulaymanid dynasty]] [[Algeria|of Western Algeria]])}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color: CornFlowerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | |)|-|.| |,|-|(| | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|G|A05|!|A06| |A02| |A03| |A01
 |A01='''[[al-Wathiq|Hārūn<br/>al-Wathiq]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(9)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 842–847}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[al-Mutawakkil|Jāʿfar al-Mutawakkil]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(10)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 847–861}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03=[[Muhammad ibn al-Mu'tasim|'''Muḥammad''' ibn Muḥammad<br/>al-Mu'tasim]]
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px
 |A05=[[Idris I of Morocco|'''Idrīs the Elder ibn ʿAbd Allāh''']]<br/>{{Sup|([[Idrisid]] [[Idris I of Morocco#Genealogy|dynasty of]] [[List of rulers of Morocco|Morocco)]]}}<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(15th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color:RoyalBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
 |A06='''[[Ibn Tabataba|Muḥammad ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(16th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
 |A04='''[[Sulaymanids|Sūlaymān]]'''<br/>{{Sup|ibn ʿAbd Allāh as-Sālih ibn Mūsā al-Jawn ibn [[Abd Allah al-Mahd|ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl]] ibn [[Hasan ibn Hasan|al-Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā]]}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color: MediumBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | |:| |!| |!| |,|-|v|-|+|-|.| |!| | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A02|G|A01|!|A03|!|A04|!|A05| |A06|
 |A01=[[Idris II of Morocco|'''Idrīs ibn Idrīs''']]<br/>{{Sup|[[Zaydi|(2nd Zaydī]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Imām of]] [[Idrisid dynasty#The dynasty|Idrisids]] [[Morocco|in Morocco)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color: RoyalBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
 |A05='''[[al-Musta'in|Aḥmad<br/>al-Musta'in]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(12)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 862–866}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A04=[[Al-Muwaffaq|'''Ṭalḥa''' al-Muwaffaq]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Regent]])}}<br/>{{Small|870–891}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:2px
 |A03='''[[al-Muntasir|Muḥammad<br/>al-Muntasir]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(11)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 861–862}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[Sharif of Mecca#List of Sharifs of Mecca (967–1925)|Mūsā II]]'''<br/>{{Sup|ibn ʿAbd Allāh as-Sâlih ibn Mūsā al-Jawn ibn [[Abd Allah al-Mahd|ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl]]}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color: DarkBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
 |A06='''[[al-Muhtadi|Muḥammad<br/>al-Muhtadi]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(14)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 869–870}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|(| |,|-|'| |,|-|'| |!| |`|-|v|-|-|-|.|
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|!|A06| |A03| |A01| |A02| |A05|
 |A01='''[[al-Mu'tadid|Aḥmad<br/>al-Mu'tadid]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(16)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 892–902}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[al-Mu'tazz|Muḥammad<br/>al-Mu'tazz]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(13)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 866–869}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03=[[Al-Mu'ayyad|Ibrahim al-Mu'ayyad]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Wali al-Ahd]] & [[List of rulers of Damascus|Governor]] of [[Bilad al-Sham|Syria]])}}<br/>{{Small|850–861}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px
 |A04='''[[Isma'il ibn Yusuf|Ismāʿīl ibn Yūsūf]]<br/>[[Banu Ukhaidhir|Al-Ukhayḍhir]]'''<br/>{{Sup|ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā al-Jawn ibn [[Abd Allah al-Mahd|ʿAbd Allāh al-Kāmīl]] ibn [[Hasan ibn Hasan|Ḥasan al-Mu'thannā]]}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:Navy; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
 |A05='''[[al-Mu'tamid|Aḥmad<br/>al-Mu'tamid]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(15)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 870–892}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A06='''[[Al-Qasim al-Rassi|Al-Qāsīm<br/>ar-Rassī ibn IbrāhīmṬabāṭabā]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(19th Imām of]] [[Zaydi|Zaydiyyā)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|'| |:| | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A05| |A06|,|A01| |A02| |A03| |A04
 |A01='''[[al-Muktafi|ʿAlī<br/>al-Muktafī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(17)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 902–908}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[al-Muqtadir|Jāʿfar<br/>al-Muqtadir]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(18)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 908–929,<br/>929–932}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03='''[[al-Qahir|Muḥammad<br/>al-Qāhir]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(19)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 929, 932–934}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A04=[[Al-Mufawwid|Jāʿfar al-Mufawwid]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Wali al-Ahd]])}}<br/>{{Small|875–892}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px
 |A05='''Muḥammad ibn Yūsūf<br/>[[Banu Ukhaidhir|Al-Ukhayḍhir]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Zaydi|(1st Zaydī]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Imām of]] [[Ukhaydhirites]] in [[Najd]] and [[Al-Yamama]])}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color:Navy; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
 |A06={{Sup|Abūʾl-Ḥusayn<br/>Al-Hādī ilāʾl-Ḥaqq}}<br/>'''[[Al-Hadi ila'l-Haqq Yahya|Yaḥyā ibn<br/>al-Ḥusayn]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Zaydi|(1st Zaydī]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Imām of]] [[Rassid dynasty|Rassids]] [[Imams of Yemen#List of imams|in Yemen)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A06=color:DarkOliveGreen; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |,|-|'| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | |
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A01| |A04| |A05| |A03| |A02
 |A01='''[[al-Mustakfi|ʿAbd Allāh<br/>al-Mustakfī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(22)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 944–946}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[al-Muttaqi|Ībrāhīm<br/>al-Muttaqī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(21)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 940–944}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03='''[[al-Radi|Muḥammad<br/>al-Rādī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(20)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 934–940}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A04='''[[al-Muti'|Al-Faḍl<br/>al-Mutīʿ]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(23)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 946–974}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A05=[[Ishaq ibn al-Muqtadir|'''Ishāq''' ibn Jāʿfar al-Muqtadir]]
   |boxstyle_A05=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px
 |A06='''Zayd''' ibn [[Hasan al-mujtaba|al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā]] ibn [[Ali|ʿAlī]] ibn [[Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Abī Ṭālib]]
   |boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | | | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | | 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A03| |A04| |A02| | | | | |
 |A04='''[[al-Ta'i'|ʿAbd al-Karīm<br/>al-Ṭāʾiʿ]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(24)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 974–991}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[al-Qadir|Aḥmad<br/>al-Qāʿdīr]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(25)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 991–1031}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03='''ʿUmar al-Ashraf''' ibn [[Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin|ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn]] ibn [[Husayn ibn Ali|al-Ḥusayn]]
   |boxstyle_A03=color: DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A06=[[Hasan ibn Zayd ibn Hasan|'''Ḥasan''']] ibn Zayd ibn [[Hasan al-mujtaba|al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā]] ibn [[Ali|ʿAlīyyū'l-Murtaḍžā]] 
   |boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | | | | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A03| |A02| |A01|A01='''[[Al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Baghdad)|ʿAbd Allāh<br/>al-Qāʿīm]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(26)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1031–1075}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''Al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a''' ibn [[Zayd ibn Ali|Zayd]] ibn [[Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin|ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn]]
   |boxstyle_A02=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A03='''ʿAlī''' ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf ibn [[Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin|ʿAlī Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn]]
   |boxstyle_A03=color:DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A06='''Ismāʿīl''' ibn [[Hasan ibn Zayd ibn Hasan|Ḥasan]] ibn Zayd ibn [[Hasan al-mujtaba|al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā]]
   |boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A06| |A03| |A02| |A01
 |A01=[[Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im|'''Muḥammad''' Dhakīrat ad-Dīn]]<br/>{{Sup|([[Wali al-Ahd]])}}<br/>{{Small|1039–1056}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:WhiteSmoke; border-width:1px
 |A02='''Yaḥyā''' ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a ibn [[Zayd ibn Ali|Zayd]]
   |boxstyle_A02=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A03='''Al-Ḥasan''' ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf 
   |boxstyle_A03=color:DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A06='''Muḥammad''' ibn Ismāʿīl ibn [[Hasan ibn Zayd ibn Hasan|Ḥasan]] ibn Zayd
   |boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A06|.|A03|.|A02| |A01
 |A01='''[[al-Muqtadi|ʿAbd Allāh<br/>al-Mūqtādī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(27)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1075–1094}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02='''ʿUmar''' ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ḥusayn Dhu'l-Dam'a
   |boxstyle_A02=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A03='''ʿAlī''' ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar al-Ashraf 
   |boxstyle_A03=color:DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
 |A06='''Zayd''' ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn [[Hasan ibn Zayd ibn Hasan|Ḥasan]]  
   |boxstyle_A06=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:1px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|^|-|.| |!| |!| | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1|A04|F|A02|!|A03|,|A01
 |A01='''[[al-Mustazhir|Aḥmad<br/>al-Mūstāzhīr]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(28)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1094–1118}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
  |A02={{Sup|Al-Dāʿī al-Ṣaghīr}}<br/>'''[[Muhammad ibn Zayd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Zaydi|(2nd Zaydī]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Imām of]] [[Zaydids|Zaydīds]] [[Tabaristan|in Tabaristan)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
 |A04={{Sup|Al-Dāʿī al-Kabīr}}<br/>'''[[Hasan ibn Zayd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Zaydi|(1st Zaydī]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Imām of]] [[Zaydids|Zaydīds]] [[Tabaristan|in Tabaristan)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color: DeepSkyBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
 |A03='''[[Yahya ibn Umar|Yaḥyā ibn ʿUmar]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|(20th Imām of]] [[Zaydism#Imams of Zaidis|Zaydiyyā]] [[Samarra|in Samarra)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color: SteelBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:2px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |L|~|J| | | |!| |,|-|'| |!| | |
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02|!|,|-|A01
 |A01='''[[al-Mustarshid|Al-Faḍl al-Mūstārshīd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(29)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1118–1135}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A02={{Sup|Al-Nāṣir liʾl-Ḥāqq}}<br/>'''[[Hasan al-Utrush]]'''<br/>{{Sup|[[Zaydi|(3rd Zaydī]] [[Imamate in Zaydi doctrine|Imām of]] [[Zaydids|Zaydīds]] [[Tabaristan|in Tabaristan)]]}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color: DodgerBlue; background-color:LightCyan; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |,|-|'|!| | |!| | |
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| |A01| |!| 
 |A01='''[[Al-Rashid Billah|Al-Mānṣūr<br/>al-Rāshīd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(30)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1135–1136}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A03| | | |A02
 |A02=Alī ibn al-Faḍl<br/>al-Qabī
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:Snow; border-width:1px
 |A03='''[[al-Muqtafi|Muḥammad<br/>al-Mūqtāfī]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(31)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1136–1160}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02| | | |A01
 |A01=al-Hāsān<br/>ibn Alī
   |boxstyle_A01=color:Black; background-color:Snow; border-width:1px
 |A02='''[[al-Mustanjid|Yūsuf<br/>al-Mūstānjīd]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(32)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1160–1170}}
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}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| 
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 |A01=Abū Bakr<br/>ibn al-Hāsān
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 |A02='''[[Al-Mustadi|Al-Hāssān<br/>al-Mūstādī']]'''<br/>{{Sup|(33)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1170–1180}}
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}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| 
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 |A01= Abi 'Alī al-Hāsān ibn Abū Bakr
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 |A02='''[[al-Nasir|Aḥmad<br/>al-Nāsīr]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(34)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1180–1225}}
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}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A02| |A03|!| 
 |A02='''[[al-Zahir bi-Amr Allah|Muḥammad<br/>az-Zāhīr]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(35)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1225–1226}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03='''[[Baybars|Malīka'zZāhīr Rūkn ad-Dīn Baybars]]'''<br/>{{Sup|([[Mamluk Sultanate]] [[List of Mamluk sultans|Sultan]] [[Sultan of Egypt|of Egypt]])}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1260–1277}}
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |,|-|^|-|.|:| |:|!| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | |A02| |A03| |A01
 |A01='''Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad<br/>[[al-Hakim I]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(2)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1262–1302}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A02='''[[Al-Mustansir I|Al-Mānsūr<br/>al-Mūstānsīr]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(36)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1226–1242}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
 |A03='''Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad<br/>[[Al-Mustansir II|al-Mūstānsīr]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(1)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1261}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|-|-|.| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | |A03| | | | | |A02| | | |A01
 |A02='''Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān<br/>[[Al-Mustakfi I (Cairo)|al-Mustakfī I]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(3)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1302–1340}}| boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A01=Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad<br/>[[al-Hakim I|al-Ḥākim bi-amr Allāh]]
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:GoldenRod;border-width:2px
 |A03='''[[al-Musta'sim|ʿAbd Allāh<br/>al-Mūstā'sīm]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(37)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1242–1258}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:Black; background-color:LightGray; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|(| | | | | |!| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | |A01| | | |A02| | | |A03
 |A01='''Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad<br/>[[al-Hakim II]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(5)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1341–1352}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A02='''Abū'l-Fatḥ Abū Bakr<br/>[[al-Mu'tadid I]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(6)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1352–1362}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A03='''Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm<br/>[[al-Wathiq I|al-Wāṯiq I]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(4)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1340–1341}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01| |A02| |A03
 |A01='''Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad<br/>[[al-Mutawakkil I]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(7)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1362–1377,<br/>1377–1383,<br/>1389–1406}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A02='''Abū Yāḥyā Zakariyāʾ<br/>[[Al-Musta'sim (Cairo)|al-Musta'sim]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(8)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1377,<br/>1386–1389}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A03='''Abū Ḥafs ʿUmar<br/>[[al-Wathiq II|al-Wāṯiq II]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(9)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1383–1386}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1|A01| |A02| |A03| |A06| |A04| |A05|A01='''Abū'l-Faḍl al-ʿAbbās<br/>[[Al-Musta'in (Cairo)|al-Musta'īn]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(10)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1406–1414<br/>''[[Sultan of Egypt]]''<br/>r. 1412}}
   |boxstyle_A05=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A02='''Abū'l-Fatḥ Dāwud<br/>[[al-Mu'tadid II|al-Mu'tadīd II]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(11)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1414–1441}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A03='''Abū'r-Rabīʿ Sulaymān<br/>[[al-Mustakfi II|al-Mustakfī II]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(12)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1441–1451}}
   |boxstyle_A02=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A04='''Abū'l-Baqāʾ Ḥamza<br/>[[Al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Cairo)|al-Qāʾim]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(13)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1451–1455}}
   |boxstyle_A03=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A05='''Abū'l-Maḥāsin Yūsuf<br/>[[Al-Mustanjid (Cairo)|al-Mustanjid]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(14)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1455–1479}}
   |boxstyle_A04=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
 |A06=Yaʿqūb ibn Muḥammad<br/>[[al-Mutawakkil I|al-Mutawakkil ʿalā'Llāh]]
   |boxstyle_A06=color:yellow; background-color:GoldenRod; border-width:2px
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| 
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{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01
 |A01='''Abū'l-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz<br/>[[al-Mutawakkil II]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(15)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1479–1497}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01
 |A01='''Abū'ṣ-Ṣabr Yaʿqūb<br/>[[al-Mustamsik]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(16)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1497–1508,<br/>1516–1517}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| 
}}
{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | |A01
 |A01='''Muḥammad<br/>[[al-Mutawakkil III]]'''<br/>{{Sup|(17)}}<br/>{{Small|r. 1508–1516,<br/>1517}}
   |boxstyle_A01=color:yellow; background-color:YellowGreen; border-width:3px
}}
{{Tree chart/end
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{{Chart bottom}}
|}

== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist}}

== Sources ==

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* {{cite book|title=Islamic Messianism: The Idea of the Mahdi in Twelver Shi'ism|author-first=A.A.|author-last=Sachedina|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=1981|isbn=9780873954587|author-link=Abdulaziz Sachedina}}
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* {{cite book |last=Sharon |first=M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NPvZoG6NtLkC |title=Black Banners from the East: The Establishment of the 'Abbāsid State: Incubation of a Revolt |publisher=Magnes Press |year=1983 |isbn=9652235016 |author-link=Moshe Sharon}}
* {{cite book |last=Tabatabai |first=S.M.H. |url=https://archive.org/details/ShiaInIslamCopy/mode/2up |title=Shi'ite Islam |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=1975 |isbn=0873953908 |translator-last=Nasr |translator-first=S.H. |author-link=Allameh Tabatabaei |translator-link=Seyyed Hossein Nasr |url-access=registration}}
* {{cite encyclopedia |year=2012a |title=(al-)Ḥasan b. 'Alī b. Abī Ṭālib |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0272 |author-link=Laura Veccia Vaglieri |editor1-last=Bearman |editor1-first=P. |edition=Second |isbn=9789004161214 |author-last=Veccia Vaglieri |author-first=L. |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0272 |editor2-first=Th. |editor2-last=Bianquis |editor3-first=C.E. |editor3-last=Bosworth |editor4-first=E. |editor4-last=van Donzel |editor5-first=W.P. |editor5-last=Heinrichs |url-access=subscription}}
* {{cite book |last=Wellhausen |first=J. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.358135 |title=Die religiös-politischen Oppositionsparteien im alten Islam |publisher=Weidmannsche Buchhandlung |year=1901 |language=de |oclc=453206240 |author-link=Julius Wellhausen |url-access=registration}}
{{refend}}

{{Wikisourcelang|ar|محمد بن الحنفية|Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-hou|branch=Clan|name='''Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya'''<br>of the [[Ahl al-Bayt]]|[[Banu Hashim]]||[[Approximation|≈]] AD 633 ||[[Approximation|≈]] 700|[[Quraysh (tribe)|Banu Quraish]]}}
{{S-rel|sh}}
{{S-bef
| rows = 1
| before = [[Husayn ibn Ali]]
}}
{{S-ttl
| rows = 1
| title = 4th [[Imamah (Shia doctrine)|Imam]] of [[Kaysanites Shia]]
| years = 681–?
}}
{{S-aft
| after = [[Abd-Allah ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah|Abu Hashim]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Islamic theology}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Muhammad Ibn Alhanafiyya}}
[[Category:Tabi‘un]]
[[Category:630s births]]
[[Category:700 deaths]]
[[Category:Children of Ali]]
[[Category:Arab princes]]
[[Category:7th-century Arab people]]
[[Category:Mahdism]]
[[Category:Sons of caliphs]]