View source for Morane-Saulnier AR

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{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
 | name=Type AR, MS.35
 | image=Morane-Saulnier MS.35R L'Aéronautique December,1926.jpg
 | caption=MS.35R
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
 | type=Trainer
 | national origin=France
 | manufacturer=[[Morane-Saulnier]]
 | designer=
 | first flight=1915
 | introduced=
 | retired=
 | status=
 | primary user=''[[Aéronautique Militaire]]''
 | number built=>400
 | developed from= 
 | variants with their own articles=
}}
|}

The '''Morane-Saulnier AR''' was a trainer aircraft produced in France during and after the First World War.<ref name="JEA">Taylor 1989, 684</ref><ref name="IEA">"The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft", 2538</ref> 

==Design and development==
Developed from the [[Morane-Saulnier L|Morane-Saulnier LA]] reconnaissance aircraft, the AR was a wire-braced parasol-wing monoplane of conventional design with two open cockpits in tandem and cross-axle-style tailskid undercarriage.<ref name="IEA" /> Construction was mostly of fabric-covered wood, but the forward fuselage was skinned in metal.<ref name="JEA" />

Large-scale production commenced after the Armistice, with the type now designated '''MS.35''', in a number of subtypes differentiated principally in the engine used.<ref name="JEA" /><ref name="IEA" /> Although Morane-Saulnier hoped to sell the type on the civil market as a touring machine,<ref name="Flight">"The Paris Aero Show 1919", 64</ref> most of the 400 examples built saw service with the French Army, but others were used by the Navy, and still others were exported to foreign air arms.<ref name="JEA" /><ref name="IEA" /> The MS.35s were used in France until 1929, when some of them were purchased by the country's flying clubs.<ref name="IEA" />

==Variants==
* Type AR
* MS.35R - main production version with [[Le Rhône|Le Rhône 9C]] engine
* MS.35A - version with Anzani engine
* MS.35C - version with [[Clerget 9C]] engine

==Operators==
;{{FRA}}
* ''[[Aéronautique Militaire]]''
** ''Écoles de pilotage''
* ''Aéronautique Navale''
; {{ARG}}
* [[Argentine Air Force]]
; {{BEL}}
*[[Belgian Air Force]]<ref>Wauthy & de Neve 1995, p. 31</ref>
; {{BOL}}
* [[Bolivian Air Force]]
; {{BRA}}
* [[Brazilian Air Force]]
; {{flag|Greece|old}}
* [[Hellenic Air Force]]
; {{flag|Guatemala}}
* [[Guatemalan Air Force]]
; {{PAR}}
* [[Paraguayan Air Force]]
; {{POL}}
* (70 examples)
; {{ROM}}
* [[Royal Romanian Air Force]]<ref>Passingham & Noël 1989, p. 15</ref>
; {{USSR}}
* [[Soviet Air Force]] - (60 examples)
; {{SUI}}
* [[Swiss Air Force]]
; {{TUR}}
* [[Turkish Air Force]]
; {{USA}}
* [[United States Navy]]
; {{URU}}
* [[Uruguayan Air Force]]

==Specifications (MS.35R)==
[[File:Morane_Saulnier_MS.35R_3-view_L'Aéronautique_July,1927.png|thumb|Morane Saulnier MS.35R 3-view drawing from L'Aéronautique July,1927]]
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=<!-- reference -->"Morane-Saulnier Type AR (M.S.35)"
|prime units? = met
|crew=Two, pilot and instructor
|length m=6.30
|length ft=20
|length in=8
|span m=10.57
|span ft=34
|span in=8
|gross weight kg=764
|gross weight lb=1,680
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Le Rhône|Le Rhône 9C]]
|eng1 kw=<!-- prop engines -->60
|eng1 hp=<!-- prop engines -->80
|max speed kmh=125
|max speed mph=78
|ceiling m=4,600
|ceiling ft=15,100
}}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite book |title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft |publisher=Aerospace Publishing |location=London}}
* {{cite journal |title=The Paris Aero Show 1919 |journal=[[Flight International|Flight]] |date=15 January 1920 |pages=63–70 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1920/1920%20-%200066.html |accessdate=2008-10-06}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Kotelnikov|first1=V.|last2=Kulikov|first2=V.|last3=Cony|first3=C.|name-list-style=amp |title=Les avions français en URSS, 1921–1941 |journal=Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire |date=December 2001 |issue=105 |pages=50–56 |trans-title=French Aircraft in the USSR, 1921–1941 |language=fr |issn=1243-8650}}
* {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=684 |isbn= 0-7106-0710-5 }}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Hirschauer |editor1-first=Louis |editor2-last=Dollfus |editor2-first=Charles |title=L'Année Aéronautique: 1919-1920 |date=1920 |publisher=Dunod |location=Paris |page=21 |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6553380s/f33.item}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Hirschauer |editor1-first=Louis |editor2-last=Dollfus |editor2-first=Charles |title=L'Année Aéronautique: 1920-1921 |date=1921 |publisher=Dunod |location=Paris |page=29 |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65534129/f41.item}}
* {{cite magazine |last1=Passingham |first1=Malcolm |last2=Noël |title=Les avions militaires roumains de 1910 à 1945 |magazine=Le Fana de l'Aviation |date=October 1989 |issue=239 |pages=14–15, 17–21 |language=fr}}
*{{cite magazine |last1=Wauthy|first1=Jean-Luc|last2=de Neve|first2=Florian|name-list-style=amp|title=Les aéronefs de la Force Aérienne Belge, deuxième partie 1919–1935|magazine=Le Fana de l'Aviation  |date=April 1995 |issue=305 |pages=28–33 |issn=0757-4169|language=fr|trans-title=Aircraft of the Belgian Air Force}}

==Further reading==
{{commons category|Morane-Saulnier AR}}
*{{cite book |last1=Lacaze |first1=Henri |last2=Lherbert |first2=Claude |title=Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets |date=2013 |publisher=Lela Presse |location=Outreau, France |isbn=978-2-914017-70-1 |language=fr|name-list-style=amp|trans-title=Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects}}

{{Morane-Saulnier aircraft}}
{{IAR aircraft}}

[[Category:Morane-Saulnier aircraft|AR]]
[[Category:1910s French military trainer aircraft]]
[[Category:Parasol-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1915]]
[[Category:Rotary-engined aircraft]]