View source for Mohammad Musa Shafiq

{{Short description|Afghan politician and poet}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Muḥammad Mūsá Shafīq
| native_name         = محمد موسی شفيق
| image               = 
| order               = [[Prime Minister of Afghanistan#Kingdom|Prime Minister of Afghanistan]]
| monarch             = [[Mohammed Zahir Shah]]
| term_start          = 12 December 1972
| term_end            = 17 July 1973
| predecessor         = [[Abdul Zahir (politician)|Abdul Zahir]]
| successor           = [[Mohammad Daud Khan]]
| birth_date          = 1932
| birth_place         = [[Kabul]], [[Kingdom of Afghanistan]]
| death_date          = 1979
| death_place         = [[Kabul]], [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan]]
| resting_place       = Unknown
| party               = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| alma_mater          = [[Al-Azhar University]], [[Columbia University]]
| occupation          = Politician, poet
}}
'''Muḥammad Mūsá Shafīq'''  ({{langx|ps|محمد موسی شفيق}};{{lrm}} 1932&ndash;1979) was [[Prime Minister of Afghanistan#Kingdom|Prime Minister of Afghanistan]] for eight months. He was an [[Afghanistan|Afghan]] politician and poet. He became [[Foreign Minister of Afghanistan|Foreign Minister]] in 1971 and Prime Minister in December 1972. He lost both positions when [[Mohammed Zahir Shah]] was overthrown on July 17, 1973. He survived throughout the regime of [[Mohammed Daoud Khan]], but was arrested after the 1978 [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|communist coup d'état]] and executed along with many other anti-communist politicians in 1979.

==Early life==
Mohammad Musa Shafiq was born in [[Kama district]], [[Nangarhar province|Nangarhar province, Afghanistan]] in 1932. Son of prominent Afghan politician, civil servant and religious leader Mawlawi Mohammad Ibraheem Kamavi.

==Education==
Mohammad Musa Shafiq was graduated from Kabul Arabic Religious High School. He earned his [[Master's degree]] from [[Al-Azhar University]] in [[Egypt]] after which he earned an additional Master's degree from [[Columbia University]] in New York, United States of America.<ref>[http://www.tasvirafghanistan.com/afghan-biographies/746-biography-of-mohammad-musa-shafiq Biography of Mohammad Musa Shafiq] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203160842/http://www.tasvirafghanistan.com/afghan-biographies/746-biography-of-mohammad-musa-shafiq |date=2012-02-03 }}, TasvirAfghanistan.com. Retrieved 20 June 2012.</ref>

{{Blockquote
|text=The last prime minister under the monarchy, Muhammad Musa Shafiq (1972-1973) appeared to many, in both the modernizing government camp and the traditional Islamic camp, to embody the compromise jurist who would ease the problem of ''shari'a'' versus statutory law. Shafiq had trained with a [[Mawlawi (Islamic title)|''mawlawi'']] and then had studied at the Shari'at Faculty, followed by al-Azhar and then Columbia University, where he studied Islamic and comparative law. His career was cut short by the [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|Da'ud coup of 1973]], and he was taken from arrest to execution by the [[Nur Muhammad Taraki]] regime.
|author=Ralph H. Magnus & Eden Naby
|title="Traditional Afghan Islam"
|source=''Afghanistan: Mullah, Marx, and Mujahid'' (2002)
}}

==Prime minister==

As Prime Minister, Shafiq supported reforms of the largely conservative society of Afghanistan. He also sought closer ties with the United States and promised a crack-down on opium growing and smuggling. Other than that, he was also responsible for solving the then ongoing water dispute with Iran on diplomatic terms.<ref>Anderson, Jack (2 March 1973) "The Afghanistan Connection" ''The Syracuse Post-Standard'' (Syracuse, New York) page 5, column 3</ref> Shafiq was prime Minister for seven months.

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}
{{Clear}}

{{Prime Ministers of Afghanistan}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shafiq, Mohammad Musa}}
[[Category:Prime ministers of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Afghan poets]]
[[Category:Executed prime ministers]]
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:1979 deaths]]
[[Category:Executed Afghan people]]
[[Category:20th-century executions by Afghanistan]]
[[Category:People from Nangarhar Province]]
[[Category:Al-Azhar University alumni]]
[[Category:Foreign ministers of Afghanistan]]


{{Afghanistan-bio-stub}}