View source for Mining Remediation Authority

{{Short description|UK non-departmental public body}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}{{Infobox organization
| name                     = Mining Remediation Authority
| image                    = 
| size                     = 150
| caption                  = 
| abbreviation             = 
| motto                    = 
| formation                = {{start date and age|1994|10|31|df=y}}
| extinction               = 
| status                   = [[Non-departmental public body]] (NDPB)
| purpose                  = Making a better future for people and the environment in mining areas
| location                 = 200 Lichfield Lane, [[Mansfield]], [[Nottinghamshire]], NG18 4RG
| region_served            = Great Britain
| staff                    = 300
| staff_year               = 2021 to 2022
| leader_title             = Chief Executive
| leader_name              = Lisa Pinney
| leader_title2            = Chairman
| leader_name2             = Jeff Halliwell
| main_organ               = Mining Remediation Authority Board
| parent_organization      = [[Department for Energy Security and Net Zero]]
| affiliations             = 
| website                  = {{url|https://www.gov.uk/mining-remediation-authority}}
| remarks                  = 
}}
The '''Mining Remediation Authority''' is a [[non-departmental public body]] of the [[United Kingdom government]] sponsored by the [[Department for Energy Security and Net Zero]] (DESNZ). It owns the vast majority of unworked coal in Great Britain, as well as former coal mines, and undertakes a range of functions including:

* licensing coal mining operations
* matters with respect to coal mining [[subsidence]] damage outside the areas of responsibility of coal mining licensees
* dealing with property and historical liability issues; for example environmental projects, mine water treatment schemes and surface hazards relating to past coal mining
* providing public access to information held by the Mining Remediation Authority on coal mining

The Mining Remediation Authority changed its public name from the '''Coal Authority''' in November 2024. {{asof|2025}}, the Coal Authority remains the legal name of the organisation, as set by law.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/mining-remediation-authority-public-task-statement/public-task-statement-mining-remediation-authority |title=Mining Remediation Authority: Public Task Statement |website=GOV.UK |date=January 2025 |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref>

==Purpose==
The Mining Remediation Authority’s stated purpose is to:<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/the-coal-authority/about/publication-scheme | title=Publication scheme |website=www.gov.uk |date= |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref>
* keep people safe and provide peace of mind 
* protect and enhance the environment 
* use its information and expertise to help people make informed decisions 
* create value and minimise cost to the taxpayer

The Mining Remediation Authority provides services to other government departments and agencies, local governments and commercial partners, while contributing to the delivery of the government’s Industrial Strategy and the 25-year Environment Plan.

As a public body that holds significant [[geospatial data]] it is also working with the [[Geospatial Commission]] to look at how, by working together, it can unlock significant value across the economy.

As part of the Mining Remediation Authority's duty to protect the public and the environment, it operates a 24-hour telephone line for reporting coal mine hazards and operates 82 mine water treatment schemes across the UK, cleaning more than 122 billion litres of mine water every year.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/coal-mine-water-treatment |title = Coal mine water treatment |website=www.gov.uk |date= |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref>

==Governance and strategy==

The Mining Remediation Authority has an independent board responsible for setting its strategic direction, policies and priorities, while ensuring its statutory duties are carried out effectively.
Non-executive directors are recruited and appointed to the board by the Secretary of State for DESNZ. Executive directors are recruited to their posts by the board and appointed to the board by the Secretary of State for DESNZ.

==History{{anchor|Coal Industry Act 1994}}==
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title           = Coal Industry Act 1994
| type                  = Act
| parliament            = Parliament of the United Kingdom
| long_title            = An Act to provide for the establishment and functions of a body to be known as the Coal Authority; to provide for the restructuring of the coal industry, for transfers of the property, rights and liabilities of the British Coal Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries to other persons and for the dissolution of that Corporation; to abolish the Domestic Coal Consumers' Council; to make provision for the licensing of coal-mining operations and provision otherwise in relation to the carrying on of such operations; to amend the Coal Mining Subsidence Act 1991 and the Opencast Coal Act 1958; and for connected purposes.
| year                  = 1994
| citation              = [[List of acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1994|1994]] c. 21
| introduced_commons    = 
| introduced_lords      = 
| territorial_extent    = 
| royal_assent          = 5 July 1994
| commencement          = 
| expiry_date           = 
| repeal_date           = 
| amends                = 
| replaces              = {{ubli|[[Coal Consumers' Councils (Northern Irish Interests) Act 1962]]|[[Coal Industry Act 1992]]|[[British Coal and British Rail (Transfer Proposals) Act 1993]]}}
| amendments            = 
| repealing_legislation = 
| related_legislation   = 
| status                = current
| legislation_history   = 
| theyworkforyou        = 
| millbankhansard       = 
| original_text         = https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/21/contents/enacted
| revised_text          = 
| use_new_UK-LEG        = 
| UK-LEG_title          = Coal Industry Act 1994
| collapsed             = 
}}
It was established under the '''Coal Industry Act 1994''' (c. 21) to manage some functions, in which the [[British Coal Corporation]] (formerly the [[National Coal Board]]) had previously undertaken, including ownership of unworked coal. In November 2024, the organisation's name was changed from the Coal Authority to the Mining Remediation Authority to "better reflect the organisation’s 24/7 role to manage the effects of historical mining in England, Scotland and Wales and its work to seek low-carbon opportunities from our mining heritage for the future."<ref>{{cite press release| url = https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-era-as-coal-authority-becomes-mining-remediation-authority | title = New era as Coal Authority becomes Mining Remediation Authority | date = 28 November 2024 | publisher = Mining Remediation Authority | access-date = 29 November 2024}}</ref>

The Mining Remediation Authority's public task comprises all the functions, duties and responsibilities is set out in the following documents

* The Coal Industry Act 1994 ("the 1994 act")<ref>{{cite legislation UK |type=act |act=Coal Industry Act 1994 |year=1994 |chapter=21}}</ref>
* The Coal Mining Subsidence Act 1991,<ref>{{cite legislation UK |type=act |act=Coal Mining Subsidence Act 1991 |year=1991 |chapter=45}}</ref> as amended by the 1994 act
* A Revised Coal Authority Explanatory Note, produced by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) for Parliament in June 1994 to explain the intended provisions of the Coal Industry Bill
* The [[Water Act 2003]]<ref>{{cite legislation UK |type=act |act=Water Act 2003 |year=2003 |chapter=37}}</ref>
* The Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003<ref>{{cite legislation Scotland |type=act |act=Water Environment and Water Services (Scotland) Act 2003 |year=1994 |chapter=21}}</ref>
* Statement by [[Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde|Lord Strathclyde]] in 1994 on the government's expectations of the Coal Authority relating to mine water remediation<ref>{{cite Hansard |jurisdiction=United Kingdom |title=Coal Industry Bill |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1994/may/03/coal-industry-bill |house=House of Lords |date=3 May 1994 |column=1013 |speaker=Lord Strathclyde |position=Minister of State for Trade and Industry}}</ref>
* Re-statement by [[John Battle (politician)|John Battle MP]] in 1998 that the Coal Authority was the designated body with responsibility for dealing with mine water discharges from former coal mines<ref>{{cite web |url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/480593/Proposed_public_task_statement.pdf |title=Proposed public task statement |author=Coal Authority |website=assets.publishing.service.gov.uk |date=11 November 2015 |access-date=20 August 2022}}</ref>{{verification failed|reason=This is a "proposed statement" from 2015, not Battle's statement from 1998|date=August 2022}}
* The Energy Act 2011<ref>{{cite legislation UK |type=act |act=Energy Act 2011 |year=2011 |chapter=16}}</ref>

Its headquarters are in [[Mansfield]], [[Nottinghamshire]], where its Mining Heritage Centre is also based. This archive houses a large quantity of data, including historical information, relating to coal mining in Britain.

The unique collection of around 120,000 coal abandonment plans, covering both opencast and deep mining operations, dates as far back as the 17th century and depict areas of extraction and the point of entry into the same.

Historical mine plans can be accessed for research purposes, for desktop studies prior to development or simply by members of the public with an interest in the history of mining.

The Mining Remediation Authority also has a large collection of more than 47,000 British Coal photographs, which feature a wide range of collieries and cover every aspect of coal mining.

All plans and photographs have been digitally scanned and are available to any interested parties. They can be viewed at the Mining Heritage Centre in Mansfield.

==The Water and Abandoned Metal Mines (WAMM) programme==
To tackle the [[Acid mine drainage|water pollution caused by historical metal mining]] in England, the Mining Remediation Authority works with the [[Environment Agency]] in the Water and Abandoned Metal Mines partnership, funded by the [[Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]] (Defra).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/metal-mine-water-treatment |title = Metal mine water treatment |website=www.gov.uk |date= |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref>

==Mining reports==

The Mining Remediation Authority’s Commercial Reports and Advisory Services provides comprehensive mining report services, include desktop reports, pre planning advice, project management and civil, structural and environmental engineering. Reports available include:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www2.groundstability.com/miningreports/ |title = Mining Reports |website=www2.groundstability.com |date= |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref>

* CON29M Coal mining report – an official coal mining report for the conveyancing industry
* Ground Stability report – a CON29M report, combined with non-coal related [[British Geological Survey]] subsidence information
* Enviro All-in-One report – a CON29M report, combined with Groundsure’s homebuyers environmental report
* Consultants Coal Mining report - builds on information in a CON29M report, giving additional details such as seam names and depths. Aimed towards mining consultants
* No Search Certificate – a certificate to show that a property is not within a known area of past, present or proposed future mining activity

==Mine energy and heat==

Abandoned coal mines are a source of geothermal energy, and could also be used for cooling and storing inter-seasonally waste or renewable energy.

As mines become flooded they have the potential to meet all of the heating needs of the coalfield communities which account for 25% of UK population.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |url=https://www2.groundstability.com/geothermal-energy-from-abandoned-coal-mines/ |title = Geothermal energy from abandoned coal mines |website=www2.groundstability.com |date= |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref> In the case of a district heating network, this energy can be transferred to a pipe network using a heat exchanger, and then distributed to nearby homes.

Abandoned coal mines present an opportunity to the UK as a source of geothermal energy, and this is being explored by the Mining Remediation Authority, which is working in partnerships with local authorities and other companies to fulfil this potential.<ref name="auto2"/>

==Consultancy services==

The Mining Remediation Authority provides consultancy services on:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www2.groundstability.com/service/consultancy/ |title = Consultancy services Archives |website=www2.groundstability.com |date= |access-date=2025-05-27}}</ref>

;Geothermal energy from abandoned coal mines
: Geothermal energy from abandoned coal mines is a low carbon, sustainable heat source which under the right conditions can compete with public supply gas prices.
;Coal mining risk assessments
: When submitting a planning application within a high risk area, it is likely a Coal Mining Risk Assessment will need to be submitted.
;Mine water treatment schemes
: It provides expert advice and assistance to help developers understand and investigate the risks of past mining.
;Tip inspection and management
: It has expertise in the long term management of the risks associated with tips and delivering inspection programmes to mitigate these risks.
;Water level monitoring
: The Mining Remediation Authority has significant experience gained in monitoring an extensive mine water treatment scheme portfolio
;Engineering design
: It has a team experienced in engineering design, with many years of providing the critical information required to complete complex civil engineering projects.
;Borehole drilling advice
: The complex nature of mine workings can cause operational issues when drilling boreholes, which requires specialist knowledge to be carried out accurately.
;Mining hydrogeology
: It has a team of hydrogeologists with a wide range of experience in all types of hydrogeology, specialising in complex mining hydrogeology.

==See also==
* [[Coal mining in the United Kingdom]]

==Sources==
* {{cite book | title = Whitaker's Almanack 2002 | publisher = The Stationery Office Ltd  | year = 2001  | location = London  | isbn = 0-11-702279-9}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/mining-remediation-authority}}

*[http://www.gov.uk/coal-authority Coal Authority]
* [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/21/contents Coal Industry Act 1994]

{{Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy}}

{{Energy in the United Kingdom|sources}}

{{coord missing|Nottinghamshire}}

[[Category:Coal mining in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Coal organizations]]
[[Category:Department of Energy and Climate Change]]
[[Category:Mansfield]]
[[Category:Non-departmental public bodies of the United Kingdom government]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Nottinghamshire]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1994]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in the United Kingdom]]