View source for Michael Haneke

{{short description|German-born Austrian filmmaker (born 1942)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| name         = Michael Haneke
| image        = Michael Haneke 2009.jpg
| caption      = Haneke in 2009
| birth_date   = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1942|3|23}}
| birth_place  = [[Munich]], Germany
| nationality  = Austrian
| occupation   = Film director, screenwriter
| alma_mater   = [[University of Vienna]]
| spouse       = {{marriage|Susanne Haneke|1983}}
| children     = 1
| years_active = 1974–present
}}

'''Michael Haneke''' ({{IPA|de|ˈhaːnəkə|lang}}; born 23 March 1942) is a German-born Austrian film director and screenwriter. His work often examines social issues and depicts the feelings of estrangement experienced by individuals in modern society.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/23/magazine/23haneke-t.html|title=Minister of Fear.|last=Wray|first=John|date=23 September 2007|work=[[The New York Times Magazine]]|access-date=21 August 2007}}</ref> Haneke has made films in French, German, and English and has worked in television and theatre. He also teaches film direction at the [[Filmacademy Vienna|Film Academy Vienna]].

Haneke's first films were a trilogy, consisting of ''[[The Seventh Continent (1989 film)|The Seventh Continent]]'' (1989), ''[[Benny's Video]]'' (1992), and ''[[71 Fragments of a Chronology of Chance]]'' (1994), each of which depict a "coldly bureaucratic society in which genuine human relationships have been supplanted by a deep-seated collective malaise" and explore "the relationship among [[consumerism]], violence, mass media, and contemporary alienation".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.criterion.com/boxsets/6323-michael-haneke-trilogy|title= Michael Haneke: Trilogy|website= [[The Criterion Collection]]|access-date= July 3, 2023}}</ref> He went on to win the [[Cannes Film Festival]]'s [[Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival)|Grand Prix]] for ''[[The Piano Teacher (film)|The Piano Teacher]]'' (2001) as well as its {{lang|fr|[[Palme d'Or]]|italic=no}} twice, for ''[[The White Ribbon]]'' (2009) and ''[[Amour (2012 film)|Amour]]'' (2012), the latter of which received five [[Academy Award]] nominations and won the [[Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]]. He also directed ''[[Funny Games (1997 film)|Funny Games]]'' (1997) and [[Funny Games (2007 film)|its 2007 remake]], ''[[Code Unknown]]'' (2000), ''[[Time of the Wolf]]'' (2003), ''[[Caché (film)|Caché]]'' (2005), and ''[[Happy End (2017 film)|Happy End]]'' (2017).

== Early life and education ==
Haneke is the son of German actor and director [[Fritz Haneke]] and Austrian actress {{Interlanguage link|Beatrix von Degenschild|de}}. His stepfather, the composer {{Interlanguage link|Alexander Steinbrecher|de}}, later married the mother of actor [[Christoph Waltz]].<ref>In his second marriage, the composer Alexander Steinbrecher was married to Degenschild. After her death he married {{Interlanguage link|Elisabeth Urbancic|de}}, the mother of Waltz. So Steinbrecher is the stepfather of both Haneke and Waltz.</ref> Haneke was raised in the city of [[Wiener Neustadt]], Austria.

Haneke showed a strong interest in literature and music, but as an adolescent developed a "downright contempt for any form of school".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.morawa.at/annotstream/9783895812972/PDF/Haneke-%c3%bcber-Haneke.pdf|title=Haneke über Haneke}}</ref> During this period of his life, he has later described himself as a "rebel". He had ambitions of becoming an actor in his youth, later abandoning these plans after failing an entrance examination at the [[Max Reinhardt Seminar]] in Vienna.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rouyer, Cieutat|first=Phillippe, Michel|title=Haneke par Haneke|publisher=Alexander|year=2013|isbn=978-3895812972|location=France|pages=17, 18, 22, 24, 28, 29}}</ref> He later attended the [[University of Vienna]] to study [[philosophy]], [[psychology]] and [[drama]]. Not a committed student, he would spend most of his time attending local movie theatres.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HAK4gyysK5g |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/HAK4gyysK5g |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Interview with Michael Haneke|website=YouTube|date=24 March 2015 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> After leaving university, he began working odd jobs, before working as an editor and dramaturge at the southwestern German television station [[Südwestfunk]] from 1967 to 1970, a time during which he also worked as a film critic. He made his debut as a television director in 1974.

== Career ==
=== 1974–1988: Early work in television ===
Haneke started his career directing numerous television projects. He made his debut as a writer and director with the 1974 television movie ''After Liverpool'' starring {{ill|Hildegard Schmahl|de}} and {{ill|Dieter Kirchlechner|de}}. The project originally started as a radio play.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://mubi.com/en/us/films/after-liverpool|title= After Liverpool|website= MUBI|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref>  He then directed two more television films, ''Three Paths to the Lake'' (1976), about a war photo journalist who faces a moral crisis when she is forced to examine the implications of her work, and another telefilm ''Sperrmüll'' (1976).<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/787111/three-paths-to-the-lake#overview|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230904210434/https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/787111/three-paths-to-the-lake#overview|url-status= dead|archive-date= 4 September 2023|title= Three Paths to the Lake|website= TCM|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> In 1979 he directed two episodes of ''Lemminge'' followed by ''Variation – oder Daß es Utopien gibt, weiß ich selber!'' (1983). In 1986 he directed ''Fraulein: A German Melodrama'' which was described as Haneke's  answer to [[Fassbinder]]'s ''[[The Marriage of Maria Braun]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://mubi.com/en/us/films/fraulein-a-german-melodrama|title= Fraulein: A German Melodrama|website= MUBI|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> Haneke wanted to make a film about German history that doesn't drown in self-pity and yet still attracts the public".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.torinofilmfest.org/en/16-torino-film-festival/film/fr%C3%84ulein---ein-deutsches-melodram/1156/|title= FRÄULEIN - EIN DEUTSCHES MELODRAM|website= Torino Film Festival|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> A few years later he would make the experimental tele-documentary film ''Nachruf für einen Mörder'' about a young Austrian who provoked a hideous bloodbath in Vienna.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://mubi.com/de/us/films/obituary-for-a-murderer|title= NACHRUF FÜR EINEN MÖRDER|website= MUBI|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref>

=== 1989–1997: Rise to prominence ===
Haneke's feature film debut was 1989's ''[[The Seventh Continent (1989 film)|The Seventh Continent]]'', which served to trace out the violent and bold style that would bloom in later years. The film chronicles the last years of an Austrian family played by [[Birgit Doll]] and Dieter Berner. [[Peter Bradshaw]] of ''[[The Guardian]]'' described the film as a "masterpiece".<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2008/apr/30/hanekeshouseofhorrors|title= Haneke's house of horrors|website= The Guardian|date= 30 April 2008|access-date= September 4, 2023|last1= Bradshaw|first1= Peter}}</ref> Despite being shortlisted for the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]] it wasn't nominated. Three years later he directed the controversial [[psychological horror]] film ''[[Benny's Video]]'' (1992). The film premiered at the [[1992 Cannes Film Festival]] to positive reviews. It later won the [[International Federation of Film Critics|FIPRESCI]] Award at the [[European Film Awards]]. The film showed at the [[New York Film Festival]] where Stephen Holden of ''[[The New York Times]]'' praised the performances and Haneke writing, "The film makes strong, if heavy-handed, points about the confusing effects of television violence".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/28/movies/review-film-festival-video-violence-turns-real-for-a-boy.html|title= Review/Film Festival; Video Violence Turns Real for a Boy|website= [[The New York Times]]|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> His third film in the trilogy is entitled, ''[[71 Fragments of a Chronology of Chance]]'' (1994), [[Manohla Dargis]]'s [[The New York Times]] called it an "icy-cool study of violence both mediated and horribly real", adding "For Mr. Haneke, the point seems less that evil is commonplace than that we don't engage with it as thinking, actively moral beings. We slurp our soup while [[Sarajevo]] burns on the boob tube."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dargis |first=Manohla |date=2006-07-14 |title=In '71 Fragments of a Chronology of Chance,' the Random, the Violent and the Complicit Bourgeois |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/14/movies/14frag.html |access-date=2023-06-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

In 1997 he directed the television film ''[[The Castle (1997 Austrian film)|The Castle]]'' (1997). The project is based on the [[Franz Kafka]]'s [[The Castle (novel)|novel of the same name]]. The film starred [[Ulrich Mühe]] and [[Susanne Lothar]]. It premiered at the [[Berlin International Film Festival]]. Also that year he directed the feature film ''[[Funny Games (1997 film)|Funny Games]]'' (1997). The plot involves two young men who hold a family hostage and [[torture]] them with [[Sadomasochism|sadistic]] games in their vacation home. The film premiered at the [[1997 Cannes Film Festival]]. David Rooney of ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' wrote about his continuation of the examination of violence writing, "Haneke is clearly more interested in the implications of violence than the acts themselves, and the psychological wallop they pack is strengthened by having most of the physical and emotional carnage played off-camera".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://variety.com/1997/film/reviews/funny-games-1117329710/|title= Funny Games|website= Variety|date= 25 May 1997|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref>

=== 2000–2009: Breakthrough and acclaim ===
[[File:Juliette Binoche, 2022 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|160px|[[Juliette Binoche]] acted in Haneke's ''[[Code Unknown]]'' (2000) and ''[[Caché (film)|Caché]]'' (2005)]]
He directed the French film ''[[Code Unknown]]'' (2000) starring [[Juliette Binoche]]. The film revolves around separate storylines which weave and intersect with each other. The film is inspired by the life of the French novelist and [[war reporter]] [[Olivier Weber]]. The film screened at the [[2000 Cannes Film Festival]]. ''[[The New York Times]]'' praised Haneke "as a skillful, minutely observant filmmaker who trusts his audience to be able to put two and two together" but adds "Unfortunately, he's often too cryptic, which leaves viewers still trying to make connections when they should already be reacting to the moral lessons implied by them."<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/30/movies/film-in-review-code-unknown.html|title= Film in Review: Code Unknown|website= [[The New York Times]]|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> Haneke has directed a number of stage productions in German, which include works by [[August Strindberg|Strindberg]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]], and [[Heinrich von Kleist]] in Berlin, Munich and Vienna.

Haneke achieved great success with the critically acclaimed French film ''[[The Piano Teacher (film)|The Piano Teacher]]'' (2001). The film starred [[Isabelle Huppert]] as a sexually repressed piano teacher who soon becomes involved with a younger man. The film tackles subjects such as [[masochism]], [[rape]], [[incest]], [[sexual repression]], [[sexual violence]], and the relationships between men and women. It premiered at the [[2001 Cannes Film Festival]] where it received rapturous reviews. It won the prestigious [[Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival)|Grand Prize]] at the festival and also won its stars, [[Benoît Magimel]] and Huppert the [[Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] and [[Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress|Actress]] awards. [[David Denby]] of ''[[The New Yorker]]'' wrote, "Haneke avoids the [[sensationalism]] of movie shockers, even high-class shockers like [[Alfred Hitchcock|Hitchcock]]'s ''[[Psycho (1960 film)|Psycho]]'' and [[Roman Polanski|Polanski]]'s ''[[Repulsion (film)|Repulsion]]''. There are no expressionist moments in ''The Piano Teacher''—no scenes of longing, no soft-focus dreams or cinematic dreck". Denby concluded, "[the film] is a seriously scandalous work, beautifully made, and it deserves a sizable audience that might argue over it, appreciate it—even hate it."<ref>{{cite magazine|url= https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/04/01/play-it-again-2|title= Play It Again|magazine= The New Yorker|date= 24 March 2002|access-date= September 4, 2023|last1= Denby|first1= David}}</ref>
[[File:Isabelle Huppert Césars 2017 2.jpg|thumb|160px|right|[[Isabelle Huppert]] has acted in four of Haneke's films, including ''The Piano Teacher''.]]
A few years later he directed the [[dystopian]] drama ''[[Time of the Wolf]]'' (2003) starring Huppert. The film revolves around a family trying to find their way after a global cataclysm. The film received positive reviews with Scott Foundas of ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety Magazine]]'' writing, "Haneke demonstrates profound insight into the essence of human behavior when all humility is pared away, raw panic and despair are the order of the day, and man becomes more like wolf than man."<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://variety.com/2003/film/markets-festivals/time-of-the-wolf-1200541525/|last=Foundas|first=Scott|title=Time of the Wolf|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=20 May 2003}}</ref> In 2005 Haneke reunited with [[Juliette Binoche]] in the [[psychological thriller]] ''[[Caché (film)|Caché]]'' after she expressed interest in working with him.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/review/2097 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803083637/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/review/2097 |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 August 2012 |title=Sight & Sound &#124; Code Unknown (2000) |publisher=BFI |date=8 July 2010 |access-date=22 January 2014}}</ref> Haneke frequently worked with real-life couple [[Ulrich Mühe]] and [[Susanne Lothar]] – thrice each. The film opened the [[2005 Cannes Film Festival]] to positive reviews. The film involves themes of [[collective guilt]], [[collective memory]] and [[colonialism]]. He incorporated stories of the [[Paris massacre of 1961]] into the film. Haneke won the [[Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director]] for the film. It was also included in the [[BBC's 100 Greatest Films of the 21st Century]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20160819-the-21st-centurys-100-greatest-films|title= The 21st Century's 100 greatest films|website= BBC|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref>

In 2006 he gave his debut as an [[opera]] director, staging [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|Mozart's]] ''[[Don Giovanni]]'' for the [[Opéra National de Paris]] at [[Palais Garnier]] when the theater's general manager was [[Gerard Mortier]]. With his next film ''[[The White Ribbon]]'' (2009) Haneke chose to shoot in [[black-and-white]] and in Germany. The film is set in 1913 and deals with strange incidents in a small town in [[Northern Germany]], depicting an [[authoritarian]], [[fascist]]-like atmosphere, where children are subjected to rigid rules and suffer harsh punishments, and where strange deaths occur. The film premiered at the [[2009 Cannes Film Festival]] and won his first {{lang|fr|[[Palme d'Or]]|italic=no}}. It later won the [[Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film]] and earned two [[Academy Award]] nominations for [[Academy Award for Best International Feature Film|Best International Feature Film]] and [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]] losing to ''[[The Secret in Their Eyes]]'' (2009) from [[Argentina]] and ''[[Avatar (2009 film)|Avatar]]'' (2009). Critic [[Roger Ebert]] described the film as "visual[ly] masterful" adding, "His films are like parables, teaching that bad things sometimes happen simply because they...happen. The universe laughs at man's laws and does what it will."<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-white-ribbon-2010|title= The White Ribbon movie review|website= Rogerebert.com|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref>

=== 2012–present ===
[[File:Michael Haneke Wien 2014.jpg|thumb|160px|left|Haneke in 2014]]
In 2012, Haneke directed ''[[Amour (2012 film)|Amour]]'' starring [[Jean-Louis Trintignant]], [[Emmanuelle Riva]] and Isabelle Huppert. The film revolves around an elderly couple aging together. The film premiered at the [[2012 Cannes Film Festival]] and received the {{lang|fr|[[Palme d'Or]]|italic=no}}, Haneke's second.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://collider.com/directors-with-two-palme-dor-cannes/#ruben-ouml-stlund-mdash-2017-amp-2022|title= All 9 Directors Who Have Won 2 Palme d'Or, from Coppola to Östlund|website= Collider|date= 24 May 2023|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> Ella Tayor of [[NPR]] praised the film describing it as "Touching and tragic" adding "Haneke implicates us in the full range of human capacity".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.npr.org/2012/12/18/167204930/a-touching-tragic-look-at-amour-in-autumn#:~:text=Amour%20makes%20the%20perfectly%20fine,but%20in%20an%20illuminating%20way.|title= A Touching, Tragic Look At 'Amour' In Autumn|website= NPR|access-date= September 4, 2023}}</ref> The film also earned the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]] with Haneke earning [[Academy Award]] nominations for [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]] and [[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Original Screenplay]], the later nominations being the first of his career.<ref name="85thNominees">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-20959604|title=Oscars: Hollywood announces 85th Academy Award nominations|date=10 January 2013|access-date=10 January 2013|publisher=BBC News}}</ref>

In 2012, he was to direct ''[[Così fan tutte]]'' for the [[New York City Opera]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metoperafamily.org/operanews/news/pressrelease.aspx?id=1508 |title=Opera News > The Met Opera Guild |publisher=Metoperafamily.org |access-date=20 September 2011 |archive-date=23 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823045341/http://www.metoperafamily.org/operanews/news/pressrelease.aspx?id=1508 |url-status=dead }}</ref> This production had originally been commissioned by [[Jürgen Flimm]] for the [[Salzburg Festival]] 2009, but Haneke had to resign due to an illness preventing him from preparing the work. Haneke realized this production at Madrid's [[Teatro Real]] in 2013.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/06/arts/06iht-loomis06.html "Giving ''Così fan tutte'' a Little Extra Gravity"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203003330/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/06/arts/06iht-loomis06.html |date=3 February 2021 }} by George Loomis, ''[[The New York Times]]'', 5 March 2013</ref> In 2013, he was the subject of the documentary film ''[[Michael H – Profession: Director]]''.<ref name="DocGuardian">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/mar/14/michael-h-profession-director-review |title=Michael H – Profession: Director |access-date=15 March 2013 |work=The Guardian |location=London |first=Peter |last=Bradshaw |date=14 March 2013}}</ref><ref name="DocTimeout">{{cite web|url=http://www.timeout.com/london/film/michael-h-profession-director |title=Michael H., Profession: Director |access-date=15 March 2013 |work=Timeout|date=12 March 2013 }}</ref> That year, Haneke won the [[Prince of Asturias Awards|Prince of Asturias Award]] for the arts.

In 2017, for his twelfth film, ''[[Happy End (2017 film)|Happy End]]'' Haneke reunited with Trintignant and Huppert. The film also starred [[Mathieu Kassovitz]] and [[Toby Jones]]. The film centers around a [[bourgeois]] French family dealing with a series of setbacks and crises. The film was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the [[2017 Cannes Film Festival|70th Cannes Film Festival]]. The film received respectable reviews. Alissa Wilkinson of ''[[Vox (website)|Vox]]'' described it as a commentary on "the [[European refugee crisis]] and the pitfalls of [[Social privilege|privilege]]". Wilkinson added, " challenges its audience to pay attention to put together the story, then, is as much an aesthetic statement about how to watch a movie as a political one. We have to observe and see what's in the background. And that's just what the family at the center of the movie doesn't do, and what makes them civilized monsters — a proclivity they pass on through generations."<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.vox.com/culture/2017/5/24/15676890/happy-end-review-cannes-haneke-huppert|title= Michael Haneke's Happy End is tense horror, and the lurking monster is privilege|website= Vox|access-date= September 5, 2023}}</ref>

Haneke says that films should offer viewers more space for imagination and self-reflection. Films that have too much detail and moral clarity, Haneke says, are used for mindless consumption by their viewers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9jvoAq0it0/ |title=Michael Haneke Interviewed by Alexander Kluge – News und Stories (eng subtitles by dctp)|publisher=ProSiebenSat.1 Media |date=23 June 2008 |access-date=28 May 2012}}{{cbignore}}{{Dead YouTube link|date=February 2022}}</ref> Haneke teaches film direction at the [[Filmacademy Vienna|Film Academy Vienna]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tozard |first=Will |date=8 September 2010 |title=Top directors teach at European film schools |url=https://variety.com/2010/film/features/top-directors-teach-at-european-film-schools-1118023819/ |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 2016 |title=Filmakademie Wien |url=https://cineuropa.org/en/schoolprofile/294742/ |website=[[Cineuropa]]}}</ref> One of his students there was director [[Katharina Mückstein]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=L'ANIMALE {{!}} Luxembourg City Film Festival |url=https://www.luxfilmfest.lu/en/films/lanimale |access-date=21 December 2022 |website=Luxembourg City Film Festival |archive-date=16 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916040908/http://www.luxfilmfest.lu/en/films/lanimale |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hausbichler |first=Beate |date=12 September 2013 |title=Katharina Mückstein: "Die Discoszene mit Nina Proll ist natürlich ein Zitat" |url=https://www.derstandard.at/story/1378248793610/grossartig-eine-discoszene-mit-nina-proll |website=[[Der Standard]] |language=de}}</ref>

== Style and reception ==
Haneke is known for directing films which are often unsentimental and uses disturbing imagery to explore social critiques on issues such as [[Social class|class]], [[Race (human categorization)|race]], [[gender]], and [[violence]]. The [[Museum of Modern Art]] showcased his films in 2007 adding that they feature themes "of [[social alienation|alienation]] and social collapse; the [[Manipulation (psychology)|exploitation]] and consumption of violence; the [[bourgeois]] family as the incubator of fascistic impulse; [[individual responsibility]] and [[collective guilt]]; and the ethics of the [[photographic image]]".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.moma.org/calendar/film/561|title= Michael Haneke|website= [[MoMA]]|access-date= September 5, 2023}}</ref> He is also known for his use of the [[long take]] rather than relying on [[jump cuts|quick edits]] or fast-paced editing. Haneke prefers to let his scenes unfold slowly, allowing the audience to fully experience the tension and emotion of each moment. This creates a sense of intimacy for the audience to draw them into a scene. He also uses static shots, ambiguous endings, meta-narratives, and silence.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.criticfilm.com/michael-hanekes-filmmaking-style/|title= 10 Signature Elements of Michael Haneke's Filmmaking Style|website= Critic Film & News|access-date= September 5, 2023}}</ref> He frequently uses "Anne" and "Georges" as character names.

Haneke has collaborated with [[Isabelle Huppert]] and [[Juliette Binoche]] on numerous films.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/where-begin-with-michael-haneke|title= Where to begin with Michael Haneke|website= BFI|access-date= September 5, 2023}}</ref>

== Favourite films ==
In 2012, Haneke participated in the ''[[Sight & Sound]]'' poll and submitted these films as his favorite.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/voter.php?forename=Michael&surname=Haneke|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120803110927/http://old.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/voter.php?forename=Michael&surname=Haneke|url-status= dead|archive-date= 3 August 2012|title= How the directors and critics voted: Michael Haneke|website= BFI|access-date= September 5, 2023}}</ref>
{{div col | colwidth=30em}}
* ''[[Au hasard Balthazar]]'' by Robert Bresson (France, 1966)
* ''[[Lancelot du Lac (film)|Lancelot of the Lake]]'' by Robert Bresson (France, 1974)
* ''[[The Mirror (1975 film)|Mirror]]'' by Andrei Tarkovsky (USSR, 1975)
* ''[[Salo, or the 120 Days of Sodom]]'' by Pier Paolo Pasolini (Italy, 1975)
* ''[[The Exterminating Angel]]'' by Luis Buñuel (Mexico, 1962)
* ''[[The Gold Rush]]'' by Charlie Chaplin (USA, 1925)
* ''[[Psycho (1960 film)|Psycho]]'' by Alfred Hitchcock (USA, 1960)
* ''[[A Woman Under the Influence]]'' by John Cassavetes (USA, 1974)
* ''[[Germany Year Zero]]'' by Roberto Rossellini (Italy, 1948)
* ''[[L'Eclisse]]'' by Michelangelo Antonioni (Italy, 1962){{div col end}}

In June 2024, Haneke's list of all-time favorite films was published on {{ill|LaCinetek|fr}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Haneke's list |url=https://www.lacinetek.com/fr-en/director-list/michael-haneke |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=LaCinetek |language=en-US}}</ref> He lists more than 100 films, quoting several works by directors [[Ingmar Bergman]] (''[[Persona (1966 film)|Persona]], [[Through a Glass Darkly (film)|Through a Glass Darkly]], [[Winter Light]], [[The Silence (1963 film)|The Silence]], [[Scenes from a Marriage]]'') and [[Abbas Kiarostami]] (''[[Where Is the Friend's House?]], [[Through the Olive Trees]], [[And Life Goes On (1992 film)|And Life Goes On]], [[Taste of Cherry]], [[The Wind Will Carry Us]]'').

==Filmography==

=== Feature films ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Year
! rowspan="2" | Title
! colspan="2" | Credited as
! colspan="2" | Reception
|-
! width=65 | Director
! width=65 | Writer
! width=135 | [[Rotten Tomatoes]]
! width=115 | [[Metacritic]]
|-
|1989
|''[[The Seventh Continent (1989 film)|The Seventh Continent]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 69% (7 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=THE SEVENTH CONTINENT| url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/seventh_continent| website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 89 (7 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=The Seventh Continent (1989)| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-seventh-continent-1989| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|1992
|''[[Benny's Video]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 64% (11 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=BENNY'S VIDEO| url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/bennys_video| website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date=11 June 2007| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 60 (9 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Benny's Video (1992)| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/bennys-video-1992| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|1994
|''[[71 Fragments of a Chronology of Chance]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 67% (5 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=71 FRAGMENTS OF A CHRONOLOGY OF CHANCE| url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/71_fragments_of_a_chronology_of_chance| website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date=16 May 2006| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 71 (8 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=71 Fragments of a Chronology of Chance| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/71-fragments-of-a-chronology-of-chance| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|1997
|''[[Funny Games (1997 film)|Funny Games]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 71% (38 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=FUNNY GAMES| url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1083791-funny_games| website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date=March 2007| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 69 (10 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Funny Games| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/funny-games-1997| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2000
|''[[Code Unknown]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 75% (51 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=CODE UNKNOWN| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/code_unknown | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 30 November 2001 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 74 (13 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Code Unknown: Incomplete Tales of Several Journeys| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/code-unknown-incomplete-tales-of-several-journeys| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2001
|''[[The Piano Teacher (film)|The Piano Teacher]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 73% (89 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=THE PIANO TEACHER| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/piano_teacher | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 29 March 2002 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 79 (26 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=The Piano Teacher| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-piano-teacher| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2003
|''[[Time of the Wolf]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 67% (54 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=TIME OF THE WOLF| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/time_of_the_wolf_2004 | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 23 November 2004 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 71 (20 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Time of the Wolf| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/time-of-the-wolf| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2005
|''[[Caché (film)|Caché]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 89% (135 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=CACHÉ| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/cache_2005 | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 84 (37 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Caché (Hidden)| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/cache-hidden| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2007
|''[[Funny Games (2007 film)|Funny Games]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 52% (144 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=FUNNY GAMES| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1175174-funny_games | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 14 March 2008 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 44 (33 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Funny Games (2008)| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/funny-games| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2009
|''[[The White Ribbon]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 86% (147 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=THE WHITE RIBBON| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1175174-funny_games | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 14 March 2008 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 82 (33 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=The White Ribbon| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/white_ribbon | website=[[Metacritic]]| date= 30 December 2009 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2012
|''[[Amour (2012 film)|Amour]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 93% (227 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=AMOUR| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/amour_2013 | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 19 December 2012 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 94 (45 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Amour| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/amour| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|-
|2017
|''[[Happy End (2017 film)|Happy End]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
| 70% (155 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=HAPPY END| url= https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/happy_end_2017 | website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]| date= 22 December 2017 | access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
| 72 (30 reviews)<ref>{{cite web| title=Happy End| url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/happy-end| website=[[Metacritic]]| access-date=21 August 2022}}</ref>
|}

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Year
! rowspan="2" | Title
! colspan="2" | Credited as
! rowspan="2' | Notes
|-
! width=65 | Director
! width=65 | Writer
|-
|1974
|''After Liverpool''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|rowspan="3"|TV movie
|-
|rowspan="2"|1976
|''Three Paths to the Lake''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|-
|''Sperrmüll''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|-
|1979
|''Lemminge''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|TV mini series; 2 episodes
|-
|1983
|''Variation – oder Daß es Utopien gibt, weiß ich selber!''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|rowspan="3"|TV movie
|-
|1984
|''{{ill|Who Was Edgar Allan?|de|Wer war Edgar Allan?}}''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|-
|1986
|''Fraulein&nbsp;– Ein deutsches Melodram''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|-
|1991
|''Nachruf für einen Mörder''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|TV movie documentary
|-
|1993
|''Die Rebellion''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|rowspan="3"|TV movie
|-
|1997
|''[[The Castle (1997 Austrian film)|The Castle]]''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|-
|2013
|''Così Fan Tutte''
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|-
|TBA
|''Kelvin's Book''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|TV series <ref>{{Cite web|last=Andreeva|first=Nellie|date=29 January 2018|title=Michael Haneke To Create His First TV Series 'Kelvin's Book' For FremantleMedia's UFA Fiction|url=https://deadline.com/2018/01/michael-haneke-first-tv-series-kelvins-book-fremantlemedia-ufa-fiction-1202270382/|access-date=12 July 2021|website=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|}

===Short films===
* ''[[Lumière and Company]]'' (1995) (segment "Michael Haneke/Vienne")

== Awards and nominations ==
{{main|List of awards and nominations received by Michael Haneke}}
His [[List of directorial debuts|directorial debut]], ''[[The Seventh Continent (1989 film)|The Seventh Continent]]'', won the Bronze Leopard at the [[Locarno International Film Festival]] in 1989. He later won the [[Grand Prix (Cannes Film Festival)|Grand Prix]] at the [[2001 Cannes Film Festival]] for ''[[The Piano Teacher (film)|The Piano Teacher]]'' and the [[Best Director Award (Cannes Film Festival)|Best Director Award]] for ''[[Caché (film)|Caché]]'' at the [[2005 Cannes Film Festival]]. He subsequently directed the [[Funny Games (2007 film)|2007 remake]] of his controversial 1997 film [[Funny Games (1997 film)|''Funny Games'']].

At the [[2009 Cannes Film Festival]], his film ''[[The White Ribbon]]'' won the {{lang|fr|[[Palme d'Or]]|italic=no}}, and at the [[67th Golden Globe Awards]] the film won the [[Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film]]. In 2012, his film ''[[Amour (2012 film)|Amour]]'' premiered and competed at the [[2012 Cannes Film Festival]]. The film would go on to win the {{lang|fr|Palme d'Or|italic=no}}, making it his second win of the prestigious award in three years; this made him the seventh director to have won it twice and the only Austrian director to have accomplished this.<ref name="PalmeDor2012">{{Cite web|url=http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/archives/2012/awardCompetition.html |title=Awards 2012 |access-date=27 May 2012|publisher=Cannes Festival}}</ref> The film received five [[Academy Award]] nominations, including [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]], [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]], [[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Best Original Screenplay]], and [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress in a Leading Role]] for [[Emmanuelle Riva]]; it won in the category of [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film|Best Foreign Language Film]].

In 2013, Haneke won the [[Prince of Asturias Awards|Prince of Asturias Award]] for the arts. His twelfth and most recent film, ''[[Happy End (2017 film)|Happy End]]'', was nominated for the {{lang|fr|Palme d'Or|italic=no}} at the [[2017 Cannes Film Festival]].

==Bibliography==
{{main|Michael Haneke bibliography}}

* Catherine Wheatley: ''Michael Haneke's Cinema: The Ethic of the Image'', New York: Berghahn Books, 2009, {{ISBN|1-84545-722-6}} [http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=25902 review]
* ''Michael Haneke''. Special Issue of ''Modern Austrian Literature''. 43.2, 2010.
* Alexander D. Ornella / Stefanie Knauss (ed.): ''Fascinatingly Disturbing. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Michael Haneke's Cinema'', Eugene, Pickwick, 2010, {{ISBN|978-1-606-08624-7}}.
* ''A Companion to Michael Haneke.''&nbsp;Germany:&nbsp;Wiley,&nbsp;2010.
* [[Fatima Naqvi]], ''Trügerische Vertrautheit: Filme von Michael Haneke/ Deceptive Familiarity: Films by Michael Haneke'', Synema, Wien, 2010.
* Wheatley,&nbsp;Catherine.&nbsp;''Michael Haneke's Cinema: The Ethic of the Image.''&nbsp;United Kingdom:&nbsp;Berghahn Books,&nbsp;2013.
* Grundmann, Roy, Fatima Naqvi, and Colin Root. ''Michael Haneke: Interviews''. University Press of Mississippi, Jackson, 2020.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Michael Haneke}}
* {{IMDb name|359734}}
* {{cite news|url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/6354/the-art-of-screenwriting-no-5-michael-haneke|title=Michael Haneke, The Art of Screenwriting No. 5|author=Luisa Zielinski|work=Paris Review|date=Winter 2014}}

{{Michael Haneke |state=collapsed}}
{{Navboxes
|title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Michael Haneke|Awards for Michael Haneke]]
|list =
{{AcademyAwardBestForeignLanguageFilm 2001–2020}}
{{Cannes Film Festival Best Director Award}}
{{César Award for Best Director}}
{{European Film Award for Best Director}}
{{European Film Award for Best Screenwriter}}
{{Georges Delerue Award}}
{{London Film Critics Circle Award for Screenwriter of the Year}}
{{Lumière Award for Best Screenplay}}
{{National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director}}
{{Sonning Prize laureates}}
{{Prince of Asturias Award for the Arts}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Haneke, Michael}}
[[Category:Michael Haneke| ]]
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Austrian film critics]]
[[Category:Austrian film directors]]
[[Category:Austrian male screenwriters]]
[[Category:Austrian opera directors]]
[[Category:Austrian screenwriters]]
[[Category:Austrian television directors]]
[[Category:Austrian theatre directors]]
[[Category:Best Director César Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Director European Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Director German Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Original Screenplay César Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Screenwriter European Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director winners]]
[[Category:Directors of Best Foreign Language Film Academy Award winners]]
[[Category:Directors of Palme d'Or winners]]
[[Category:Film directors from Munich]]
[[Category:French-language film directors]]
[[Category:Georges Delerue Award winners]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
[[Category:Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin]]
[[Category:People from Wiener Neustadt]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)]]
[[Category:University of Vienna alumni]]
[[Category:Best Screenplay Lumière Award winners]]
[[Category:Directors of Best Film European Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Directors of Best Film César Award winners]]
[[Category:Directors of Best Foreign Language Film BAFTA Award winners]]