View source for Miandoab

{{Short description|City in West Azerbaijan province, Iran}}

{{for-multi|the administrative division of West Azerbaijan province|Miandoab County|the village in Kerman province|Miandoab, Kerman{{!}}Miandoab}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Miandoab
| official_name                   = 
| native_name                     = {{lang|fa|مياندوآب}}
| other_name                      = 
| settlement_type                 = City
| image_skyline                   = Miandoab historic bridge.jpg
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = Historic bridge in Miandoab
| pushpin_map                     = Iran
| mapsize                         = 
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = [[Iran]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[Provinces of Iran|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[West Azerbaijan province|West Azerbaijan]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Counties of Iran|County]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Miandoab County|Miandoab]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[Bakhsh|District]]
| subdivision_name3               = [[Central District (Miandoab County)|Central]]
| leader_title                    = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name                     = Abdollah Abdollahi<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dana.ir/News/350647.html|title = شهرداری میاندوآب در عمل به مناظره پاسخ می دهد}}</ref>
| leader_title1                   = [[Islamic Consultative Assembly|Parliament]]
| leader_name1                    = Mehdi Eisazadeh <br/><small>([[Miandoab, Shahin Dezh and Takab (electoral district)]])</small>
| established_title               = 
| established_date                = 
| area_total_km2                  = 
| area_footnotes                  = 
| population_note                 = 
|population_footnotes             = <ref name="2016 West Azerbaijan Province"/>
|population_as_of                 = 2016
|population_total                 = 134425
| population_density_km2          = auto
| timezone                        = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
| utc_offset                      = +3:30
|coordinates             = {{Coord|36|57|57|N|46|06|19|E|dim:3km|display=inline,title}}
|coordinates_footnotes   = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=36.965833&mlon=46.105278&zoom=14#map=14/36.96583/46.10528|website=[[OpenStreetMap]] |title=Miandoab, Miandoab County|date=26 September 2024|access-date=26 September 2024|lang=fa}}</ref>
| elevation_m                     = 
| area_code                       = 044
| footnotes                       = 
}}

'''Miandoab''' ({{langx|fa|مياندوآب}}){{efn|Also [[romanize]]d as '''Meyāndoāb''', '''Mīāndoāb''', '''Mīāndow Āb''', '''Mīāndowāb''', '''Mīāndūāb''', '''Mīyāndoāb''', and '''Miyāndūāb'''; [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]: قوشاچای, romanized as '''Qoşaçay''';<ref>{{GEOnet3|-3074888}}</ref> {{langx|ku|میاندواو|Miyandiwaw}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sharafkandi |first1=Abdurrahman |author1-link=Abdurrahman Sharafkandi |title=The food of the mosque servant |date=1997 |publisher=Kurdistan Center for Arts Culture |url=https://books.vejin.net/ck/book/205 |language=ku |format=Hardcover |chapter=Kurdistan Democratic Party}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=خەڵکی بۆکان دژی لکاندنی قەرەگۆلن بە میاندواو |url=https://www.kurdistan24.net/index.php/ckb/story/220102/%D8%AE%DB%95%DA%B5%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D8%A8%DB%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%DA%98%DB%8C-%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%82%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%DA%AF%DB%86%D9%84%D9%86-%D8%A8%DB%95-%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%88 |access-date=1 April 2025 |publisher=[[Kurdistan 24]] |date=1 May 2022 |location=Erbil, [[Kurdistan Region]] |language=ku}}</ref>}} is a city in the [[Central District (Miandoab County)|Central District]] of [[Miandoab County]], [[West Azerbaijan province|West Azerbaijan]] province, [[Iran]], serving as capital of both the county and the district.<ref name="West Azerbaijan Province Structure">{{cite report|title=Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of West Azerbaijan province, centered in the city of Urmia|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113037|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220192713/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113037|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council|last=Habibi|first=Hassan|orig-date=Approved 21 June 1369|date=c. 2023|id=Notification 82808/T137|archive-date=20 December 2023|access-date=20 December 2023}}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Language and ethnicity===
Miandoab is largely populated by [[Azerbaijanis]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Moradi |first=Golmorad |title=Ein Jahr autonome Regierung in Kurdistan: die Mahabad-Republik 1946-1947 : Geschichte der kurdischen Aufstandsbewegungen von der arabisch-islamischen Invasion bis zur Mahabad-Republik |publisher=[[City University of Applied Sciences]] |year=1992 |pages=256}}</ref> but also populated by [[Kurds]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Anne Matheson |first1=Sylvia |title=Persia an archaeological guide |date=1976 |publisher=[[Faber & Faber|Faber]] |isbn=978-0571093052 |page=97 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_NNGzwEACAAJ |access-date=28 April 2025}}</ref>

===Population===
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 112,933 in 29,207 households.<ref name="2006 West Azerbaijan Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920094953/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/04.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}}</ref> The following census in 2011 counted 123,081 people in 35,066 households.<ref name="2011 West Azerbaijan Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/West-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120205939/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/West-Azerbaijan.xls|archive-date=20 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}}</ref> The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 134,425 people in 41,459 households.<ref name="2016 West Azerbaijan Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): West Azerbaijan Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_04.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830042935/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_04.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=30 August 2022}}</ref>

==History==
=== Battle of Miandoab===
{{Main|Battle of Miandoab}}
In 1921, Miandoab was the site of a significant battle during the [[Simko Shikak revolt (1918–1922)|Kurdish uprising]] led by [[Simko Shikak]]. His forces, numbering several thousand and reinforced by [[Kurds in Turkey|Turkish Kurds]], defeated [[Qajar Iran|Iranian government]] troops and took control of the city. The battle marked the height of Simko's power during his revolt in northwestern Iran.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kia |first=Mehrdad |author-link=Mehrdad Kia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wjzkEAAAQBAJ |title=The Clash of Empires and the Rise of Kurdish Proto-Nationalism, 1905–1926: Ismail Agha Simko and the Campaign for an Independent Kurdish State |date=2023-11-19 |publisher=[[Springer Nature]] |isbn=978-3-031-44973-4 |pages=193–199 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Arfa |first=Hassan |author-link=Hasan Arfa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8cZ8ZmZTPIkC |title=Under Five Shahs |date=1965 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gunter |first=Michael M. |author-link=Michael Gunter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pHB5F_Y02_gC |title=The A to Z of the Kurds |date=2009-06-22 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6334-7 |language=en}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{Update section|date=March 2023}}
The city of Miandoab is on the [[Zarriné-Rūd]] river and located in the center of the [[plain]] that slopes down to [[Lake Urmia]]. It is {{convert|1314|m|ft}} above the sea level, at 46°6′[[east|E]] [[latitude]] and 36°58′[[north|N]] [[longitude]].

The city is a transportation connection point between [[West Azerbaijan province]] and [[East Azerbaijan province]].  Thus, the city has been a transportation crossroads between the two large provinces, and has attracted political and economic interest from local and international governments.

The area of [[Miandoab County]] is 2,694 [[square kilometer]]s.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} Miandoab County is located between the Iranian counties of Bukan, Malekan, Mahabad, and Shahin Dezh.

==See also==
{{Commons category-inline|Miandoab}}

{{Portal-inline|Iran}}
{{clear}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{West Azerbaijan Province|state=collapsed}}

{{Miandoab County|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Populated places in Miandoab County]]
[[Category:Cities in West Azerbaijan province]]