View source for Metrorrey

{{short description|Light rapid transit system in Monterrey, Mexico}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox Public transit
| box_width = 
| name = Metrorrey
| image = Metrorrey logo 2007 relanzado oficialmente.svg
| imagesize = 100px
| image2 = MM-20 Padre Mier Cinematográfico.jpg
| imagesize2 = 275px
| caption2 = Train MM-20 arriving at Padre Mier station
| native_name = ''Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metrorrey''
| owner = [[Nuevo León]] state government
| locale = [[Monterrey, Nuevo León]], México
| transit_type = [[Light metro]] and [[rapid transit]]
| lines = 3<ref name=hoytam/>
| stations = 40<ref name=hoytam>{{cite web|url=https://www.hoytamaulipas.net/notas/448173/Inauguran-Linea-3-del-Metro-en-Monterrey-duro-ocho-anios-su-conclusion.html|title=Inauguran Lína 3 del Metro en Monterrey; durí ocho años su conclusión|date=28 February 2021|access-date=28 February 2021|language=es|work=Hoy Tamaulipas}}</ref>
| ridership = 369,000 <small>(2023)</small><ref name="INEGI-Monterrey" />
| annual_ridership = 134.84 million <small>(2023)</small><ref name="INEGI-Monterrey" />
| website = [http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=metrorrey STC Metrorrey]
| began_operation = 1991 ([[Metrorrey Line 1|Line 1]])<ref name="Metrorrey-history">{{cite web |url=http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=metrorrey_principal |title=Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metrorrey - Historia |trans-title=System of Collective Transport Metrorrey - History |publisher=Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024140252/http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=metrorrey_principal |archive-date=2013-10-24 |access-date=2013-08-06}}</ref><br /> 1994 ([[Metrorrey Line 2|Line 2]])<ref name="Metrorrey-history" /><br />2021 ([[Metrorrey Line 3|Line 3]])<ref name=hoytam/>
| operator = Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metrorrey
| marks = 
| character = Elevated and underground
| vehicles = 134<ref name="rolling stock"/>
| train_length = 2-3 cars
| headway = 
| system_length = {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}}<ref name=hoytam/>
| track_gauge = {{RailGauge|sg}}<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Tanajara|first1=Jesus|last2=Flota|date=7 November 2016|title=STC Metrorrey - Dirección de Mantenimiento de vías|language=Es|work=Seminario de Infraestructura Ferroviaria Mexicana|url=https://www.cmic.org.mx/cmic/eventos/infraestructuraferroviaria/ponencias/Dia3/6-Jesus_Tanajara_Flota.pdf|access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref>
| el = 
| top_speed = 
| average_speed = 
| map = {{Monterrey Metro}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}
'''Metrorrey''', officially '''Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metrorrey''', is a [[rapid transit]] system that serves the [[Monterrey metropolitan area|metropolitan area]] of [[Monterrey]]. It is operated by the '''Sistema de Transporte Colectivo Metrorrey''', which is part of the decentralized public administration of [[Nuevo León]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dependencias {{!}} Gobierno del Estado de Nuevo León |url=https://www.nl.gob.mx/dependencias |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=www.nl.gob.mx}}</ref> In 2022, it was the [[List of North American rapid transit systems by ridership|sixth largest metro system in North America by ridership]].

The inaugural line opened to the public on 25 April 1991 and served 17 stations.<ref name="Metrorrey-history" /> The system has since expanded. As of 2024, the system operates 50 high-floor electric trains along 3 lines, serving 40 stations with a route of {{convert|40|km|mi|sp=us}}.<ref name="INEGI-Monterrey" /><ref name="hoytam" />

== Operations ==
=== Lines ===
{{main|List of Metrorrey stations}}
The Metrorrey has three lines with 40 stations.<ref name=hoytam/>

====Line 1====
{{main|Metrorrey Line 1}}
[[Metrorrey Line 1|Line 1]] opened on April 25 of 1991<ref name="Metrorrey-history" /> and has 19 stations, it runs through the center of the city from the north-west to the eastern part of the [[Monterrey metropolitan area]]. Built as an {{convert|18.5|km|abbr=on|sp=us}} long line,<ref name="LRA-1994">May, Jack (1994).  "Mexico Says Sí to LRT: Light Rail ''South of the Border''". ''1994 Light Rail Annual & User's Guide'', p. 7. Pasadena, CA (US): [[Pentrex]]. {{issn|0160-6913}}.</ref> it runs parallel to the former 1887 Topo Chico tramline and is grade-separated as it runs on an elevated structure.  A complete ride along this line takes about 27 minutes.<ref name="Metrorrey-history" />

====Line 2====
{{main|Metrorrey Line 2}}

[[Metrorrey Line 2|Line 2]] has 13 stations and is {{convert|13|km|abbr=on|sp=us}} long, it is also fully grade-separated, partially on an elevated structure and partially underground, running from the center of the city towards the north. The first {{convert|4.5|km|abbr=on}} long underground segment opened on November 30 of 1994 with 6 stations,<ref name="Metrorrey-history" /> with the possibility of transferring to Line 1 at Cuauhtémoc station. In 2005 construction began on an expansion to the line with a total investment of US$200 million. Said expansion comprised 2 phases, the first one being {{convert|3.2|km|abbr=on}} ({{convert|1.5|km|abbr=on}} of it underground) long, it opened on October 31 of 2007 adding 3 more stations to the line.<ref name="Metrorrey-history" /> The second phase added another {{convert|5.3|km|abbr=on}} of elevated railway along the center of the Universidad avenue and 4 more stations, it was inaugurated on October 9 of 2008<ref name="Metrorrey-history" /> by Nuevo León Governor [[Natividad González Parás]] and Mexican president [[Felipe Calderón]].

====Line 3====
{{main|Metrorrey Line 3}}

[[Metrorrey Line 3|Line 3]] has 8 stations and is {{convert|7.5|km|abbr=on|sp=us}} long,<ref name=hoytam/> it is grade-separated and runs mostly on an elevated structure, except the southern end section that connects with Line 2 at Zaragoza station.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date=28 February 2021 |title=Sobrepasa L3 presupuesto y suma seis años de retraso |trans-title=L3 exceeds budget and totals six years of delay |url=https://elporvenir.mx/local/sobrepasa-l3-presupuesto-y-suma-seis-aos-de-retraso/210264 |work=[[El Porvenir (newspaper)|El Porvenir]] |language=es-mx |access-date=2021-03-03}}</ref> The two lines are operated jointly.<ref name="utm17102020">{{cite web |date=October 17, 2020 |title=Frankfurt U3 and CRRC light rail vehicles for the Monterrey metro |url=https://www.urban-transport-magazine.com/en/monterrey-mexico-buys-24-modernized-lrvs-from-frankfurt-main/ |access-date=2021-03-03 |work=Urban Transport Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.urbanrail.net/am/mony/monterrey.htm |title=Monterrey |last=Schwandl |first=Robert |website=www.urbanrail.net |access-date=2021-03-03}}</ref>
Construction of Line 3 started in 2013<ref name=hoytam/> and was completed by January 2020, but the rolling stock had not been delivered; at that time, the estimated delivery for twenty-six rail cars was December 2020.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.milenio.com/politica/linea-3-metro-funcionara-2020-falta-vagones |title=Línea 3 del Metro está lista, pero sin vagones |language=es |work=[[Milenio]] |date=11 July 2019 |access-date=2020-01-17 }}</ref> It was eventually inaugurated on February 27, 2021<ref name=hoytam/> by Nuevo León Governor [[Jaime Rodríguez Calderón]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Flores |first=Lourdes |date=27 February 2021 |title=Gobierno de Nuevo León inauguró la línea 3 del Sistema Colectivo Metrorrey |trans-title=Government of Nuevo León inaugurated line 3 of Metrorrey |url=https://www.eleconomista.com.mx/estados/Gobierno-de-Nuevo-Leon-inauguro-la-linea-3-del-Sistema-Colectivo-Metrorrey-20210227-0019.html |work=[[El Economista (Mexico)|El Economista]] |language=es-mx |access-date=2021-03-03}}</ref>

== Network ==
[[File:Mapa del Metrorrey.svg|thumb|Map of Metrorrey towards 2027, including lines currently under construction (lines 4, 5 and 6).]]Metrorrey shares characteristics with both a [[Light rail|light rail system]] and a [[Rapid transit|metro system]]. It utilizes [[high-floor]] light rail vehicles, similar to light rail systems, while also operating on a fully [[Grade separation|grade separated]] exclusive [[Right-of-way (transportation)|right-of-way]] with high passenger volumes, similar to a metro system.

The network primarily operates above-ground, with most of its sections on [[elevated railway]] [[Viaduct|viaducts]]: of its forty stations, thirty-two are elevated, seven are underground, and one is on the surface. Most of the elevated portions of the network are built along an avenue's median and follow the avenue's path. The underground portions of Lines 2 and 3 also follow the routes of the streets above.

Metrorrey is made up of a variety of different train systems. Lines 1, 2, and 3 are designed as [[light rail]] systems, Lines 4 and 6 are designed as [[Monorail|monorails]], and Line 5 is designed as an [[Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit]] system.

=== Map ===
{{Rapid transit OSM map
| system_qid   = Q1834828
| frame-lat    =   25.7
| frame-long   = -100.33
| frame-width  = 500
| frame-height = 400
| zoom         = 11
| length       = yes
}}

=== Hours of operation ===
On all lines, the first train leaves each terminus station at 5:00 a.m. and the last train leaves at 11:30 p.m., with the network remaining in operation until midnight.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-04 |title=▷ Horario Metro Monterrey 【2024】Descargar o Ver en línea |url=https://metromonterrey.com/horario-metro-monterrey/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=metromonterrey.com |language=es}}</ref> Stations open at 4:45 a.m.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Inicio {{!}} Metrorrey {{!}} Nuevo León |url=https://www.metrorrey.mx/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=Metrorrey |language=en}}</ref>

On [[Christmas Eve]] and [[New Year's Eve|New Years' Eve]], services end at 11.00 p.m., and on [[Christmas]] and [[New Year's Day|New Years' Day]], services start at 7.00 a.m.<ref name=":0" /> During events in [[Fundidora Park]], like [[Pal Norte]], stations [[Y Griega metro station|Y Griega]] and [[Parque Fundidora metro station|Parque Fundidora]] remain open until 3:00 a.m, with other stations open solely for disembarking.

=== Fares and payment methods ===
[[File:RecargaMIA.jpg|thumb|Automated machine for ''MIA'' and ''Me Muevo'' cards can be found at all stations.]]
Payment methods include the ''Me Muevo'' and ''Mia'' NFC cards, QR codes generated by the ''Urbani'' or ''E-UANL'' apps, and ''Spin by Oxxo'' contactless debit cards.<ref name=":0" /> The NFC cards can be bought for MXN $20.00 at automated machines and can be recharged to a maximum of MXN $500.00.

As of April 2024, a single trip costs MXN $7.70 and allows a rider one trip anywhere within the system with unlimited transfers. This ticket also allows transfers to [[Ecovía]] services at [[Mitras metro station|Mitras station]]. A ''Tarifa Integrada'' (in English: "integrated fare") costs MXN $15.00, which includes up to two transfers between the {{ill|TransMetro (Monterrey)|lt=TransMetro|es|TransMetro (Monterrey)}} bus system and the Metrorrey system within two hours from the first validation.<ref name=":0" /> 

A discounted rate of MXN $3.00 for single trips is available for the elderly. [[Autonomous University of Nuevo León|UANL]] students, via the ''E-UANL'' app, have access to a discounted rate of MXN $7.50 for single trips and MXN $9.50 for the ''Tarifa Integrada''.<ref name=":0" />

=== Transfers to other systems ===

==== TransMetro ====
[[File:Autobús Yutong ZK6128HG.jpg|thumb|Bus model Yutong E12, phased into TransMetro routes throughout 2023 and 2024.]]
Metrorrey has a bus system called {{ill|TransMetro (Monterrey)|lt=TransMetro|es|TransMetro (Monterrey)}}. This system uses integrated fares, called a ''Tarifa Integrada'', which costs MXN $15.00 and allows up to two transfers between the bus system and Metrorrey. 

TransMetro routes typically pass by or start at Metrorrey stations: eleven routes start in Line 1 (three in [[Talleres metro station|Talleres]], one in [[Mitras metro station|Mitras]], one in [[Cuauhtémoc metro station (Monterrey)|Cuauhtémoc]], one in [[Félix U. Gómez metro station|Félix U. Gómez]], two in [[Y Griega metro station|Y Greiga]], and three in [[Exposición metro station|Exposición]]), twelve routes in Line 2 (eight in [[Sendero metro station|Sendero]] and four in [[Universidad metro station (San Nicolás de los Garza)|Universidad]]), and six routes in Line 3 (all start at {{ill|Hospital Metropolitano metro station|lt=Hospital Metropolitano|es|Estación de Hospital Metropolitano (Metrorrey)}}).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inicio {{!}} Metrorrey {{!}} Nuevo León |url=https://www.metrorrey.mx/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=Metrorrey |language=en}}</ref>

==== Ecovía ====
{{Main articles|Ecovía}}
Metrorrey has one integrated connection with the Ecovía [[bus rapid transit]] system, located in Line 1's [[Mitras metro station|Mitras station]], allowing users to transfer between both systems at no cost.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Conectan Ecovía y Línea 1 |url=https://www.elnorte.com/aplicaciones/articulo/default.aspx?id=301679 |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=www.elnorte.com |language=es}}</ref> Line 3 has a connection with Ecovía at {{ill|Ruiz Cortines metro station|lt=Ruiz Cortines station|es|Estación de Ruiz Cortines (Metrorrey) }}; however, unlike Line 1's connection, this one requires users to exit the station, meaning that a fare must be paid when transferring.

=== Rolling stock ===
[[Image:Metrorrey_Train_Interior.jpg|thumb|Interior of an MM-93 train]]
The Metrorrey system uses 134 [[high-floor]] articulated vehicles.<ref name="rolling stock">{{Cite web|date=December 2020|title=Metrorrey - Material rodante|url=https://amf.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Metro%20Material%20Rodante%20METRORREY.pdf|access-date=30 May 2021|website=AMF|language=Es}}</ref> Five manufacturers have provided rolling stock for Metrorrey, these being [[Concarril]] (MM-90A),<ref name="LRA-1994" /> [[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]] (MM-90B and MM-05),<ref name="LRA-1994" /> [[Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles|CAF]] (MM-93), Duewag-Talbot (MM-U3),<ref name="utm17102020" /> and [[CRRC]] (MM-20 and MM-24). MM-U3 is the only type of vehicle that was refurbished: they were originally [[Frankfurt U-Bahn]] Type U3 trains until 2017, and were refurbished by Talbot Services to extend their service life by 20 years.<ref name="utm17102020" />

All of the rolling stock has a maximum velocity of {{Cvt|80|km/h}}. Their average velocity is {{Cvt|30|km/h}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-23 |title=▷ Metro Monterrey {{!}} Horario, Mapa, Estaciones y Líneas |url=https://metromonterrey.com/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=metromonterrey.com |language=es}}</ref> There is air conditioning in the MM-93, MM-U3, MM-20, and MM-24 models.

The MM-90, MM-93, MM-05, and MM-20 models can be configured as four-car trains, while the MM-U3 model, due to its smaller size, can be configured as a five-car train. However, due to station platform sizes, three-car configurations are used for the MM-90, MM-93, MM-05, and MM-20 models, and four-car configurations are used for the MM-U3 model.
{| class="wikitable"
!Model
!Image
!Manufacturer
!Capacity
!Fleet<br />size
|-
|[[MM-90A]]
|[[File:0019_arriving_at_Talleres_Station.jpg|125x125px]]
|[[Concarril]]
|300
|25
|-
|[[MM-90B]]
|[[File:DelGolfoStation.jpg|125x125px]]
|[[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]]
|300
|23
|-
|{{ill|MM-93|lt=MM-93|es|MM-93}}
|[[File:202008031350_-_MM-93.png|125x125px]]
|[[Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles|CAF]]
|300
|22
|-
|[[MM-05]]
|[[File:20191211-113000-MM05.png|125x125px]]
|[[Bombardier Transportation|Bombardier]]
|300
|14
|-
|[[MM-U3]]
|[[File:20220817142500_-_MMU3.png|125x125px]]
|Duewag-Talbot
|260
|24
|-
|{{ill|MM-20|lt=MM-20|es|MM-20}}
|[[File:MetrorreyLinea3.jpg|125x125px]]
|[[CRRC]]
|300
|26
|-
|[[MM-24]]
|[[File:CRRC MM-24 Metrorrey.jpg|125x125px]]
|[[CRRC]]
|300
|4
|}

== Lines ==
According to Mexico's [[Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática|National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics]], Metrorrey's three lines transported 134.84 million passengers in 2023, which corresponds to an average daily ridership of about 369,000 passengers.<ref name="INEGI-Monterrey">{{cite web |title=Economia y sectores productivos - Transporte de pasajeros |url=https://www.inegi.org.mx/temas/transporteurb/ |access-date=2024-04-02 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadísitica y Geografía (INEGI)}}</ref>
[[File:SeñaléticaFundidora.png|thumb|The logo for the [[Parque Fundidora metro station]]. Since it is in Line 1, the logo's color is yellow.]]
Each line has a number and color assigned to it. The network adopted the logo system of the [[Mexico City Metro]], with the logo including an icon representing the station's surroundings and the line's corresponding color. Stations serving two or more lines show the respective colors of each line in diagonal stripes. The logos were updated in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cambia Metro imagen, pero falta información |url=https://www.elnorte.com/cambia-metro-imagen-pero-falta-informacion/ar2206465 |access-date=2024-04-26 |website=www.elnorte.com |language=es}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
|+Metrorrey lines
! colspan="2" |Line
!Opened
!Last<br />extension
!Stations<br />served
!Length
!Termini
!Transit<br />type
|-
| class="noresize" |[[File:Linea1mty.svg|20x20px]]
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Metrorrey Line 1|Line 1]]
|1991
|2002
|19
|{{convert|18.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|[[Talleres metro station|Talleres]]<br />[[Exposición metro station|Exposición]]
|Light rail
|-
|[[File:Linea2mty.svg|20x20px]]
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Metrorrey Line 2|Line 2]]
|1994
|2008
|13
|{{convert|13.7|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|[[Sendero metro station|Sendero]]<br />[[General I. Zaragoza metro station|General Zaragoza]]
|Light rail
|-
|[[File:Linea3mty.svg|20x20px]]
| style="text-align:left;" |[[Metrorrey Line 3|Line 3]]
|2021
|{{N/a}}
|8
|{{convert|7.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}
|{{ill|Hospital Metropolitano metro station|lt=Hospital Metropolitano|es|Estación de Hospital Metropolitano (Metrorrey)}}<br />[[General I. Zaragoza metro station|General Zaragoza]]
|Light rail
|}

=== Planned lines ===
Throughout his campaign and in the first months of his term, Governor Samuel García pledged to substantially expand the Metrorrey network during his tenure. In November 2021, García unveiled the planned routes for [[Metrorrey Line 4|Lines 4]] and [[Metrorrey Line 5|5]]. The {{Cvt|13.5|km}}-long [[Metrorrey Line 4|Line 4]] will connect the Western suburb of Santa Catarina with Downtown Monterrey, while [[Metrorrey Line 5|Line 5]] will follow a southern route towards the Carretera Nacional area, with an estimated route of {{Cvt|8.5|km}}.<ref name="linea-4-5">{{cite web |date=November 19, 2021 |title=Líneas 4 y 5 del metro inician en julio 2022; serán elevadas |url=https://www.elhorizonte.mx/local/lineas-4-y-5-del-metro-inician-julio-2022-seran-elevadas/4052661 |access-date=2021-03-14 |work=El Horizonte |author1=Elhorizonte }}</ref>

García furthermore announced that the new lines will predominantly run on an elevated viaduct, which caused some backlash among neighbors in South Monterrey, with calls for an underground system.<ref name="vecinos">{{cite web |date=February 19, 2022 |title=Vecinos no quieren Línea 5 del Metro regio en Monterrey, NL |url=https://www.elsoldemexico.com.mx/republica/sociedad/vecinos-no-quieren-linea-5-del-metro-regio-en-monterrey-nl-7886232.html |access-date=2021-03-14 |work=El Sol de México}}</ref> [[Metrorrey Line 6|Line 6]] was announced in the wake of this controversy. At {{Cvt|18.5|km}} long, it is expected to become the longest route in the system, connecting Downtown Monterrey with the suburb of Apodaca.

In all, the expansion plans set forward by Governor García call for {{Convert|41|km}} of new track and 41 new stations built by 2027, effectively doubling the network's length and number of stations in six years. Lines 4 and 5 will are expected to begin construction in July 2022, at a cost of MXN$19 billion (US$1 billion). The cost for Line 6 has been estimated at MXN$26 billion (US$1.3 billion), with a start date for its construction yet to be announced.<ref name="linea-6">{{cite web |date=March 13, 2022 |title=Proyecta Estado seis líneas del metro totales; llegará a Apodaca |url=https://abcnoticias.mx/local/2022/3/13/proyecta-estado-seis-lineas-del-metro-totales-llegara-apodaca-158678.html?fbclid=IwAR3hd05HM7XhwK8yMxoPdXV0O4EVB9xmY1-RHPVzoYiabWSj4fGsWbYpSqI |access-date=2021-03-14 |work=El Sol de México}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of metro systems]]
* [[List of Latin American rail transit systems by ridership]]
* [[Mexico City Metro]]
* [[Xochimilco Light Rail]]
* [[Guadalajara light rail system]]
* [[Ecovía]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Monterrey Metro}}
*[http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=metrorrey Metrorrey – official website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090531033621/http://www.urbanrail.net/am/mony/monterrey.htm Monterrey (Metrorrey) at ''UrbanRail.net'']
*[http://www.railway-technology.com/contractors/signal/siemens/press15.html Siemens Receives Order to Extend the Metro in Monterrey, Mexico] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080613175655/http://www.railway-technology.com/contractors/signal/siemens/press15.html |date=2008-06-13 }}
*[http://www.tramz.com/mx/mo/mo.html The Tramways of Monterrey]

{{coord missing|Nuevo León}}

{{Monterrey Metro navbox}}
{{Currently operating rapid transit systems in Mexico}}
{{MexLightRail}}
{{Rapid transit in Latin America}}
{{Monterrey}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Metrorrey| ]]
[[Category:Underground rapid transit in Mexico]]
[[Category:Electric railways in Mexico]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1991]]
[[Category:1991 establishments in Mexico]]