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{{Short description|American ecologist (born 1941)}}
{{Infobox academic
| name              = Merlin Devere Tuttle
| image             = Merlin Tuttle - U8jsGjxE.jpg
| caption           = Merlin feeding a mealworm to a [[little big-eared bat]] (''Micronycteris megalotis'') in Trinidad, 2016
| birth_date        = {{birth date and age|1941|8|26}}
| birth_place       = [[Honolulu, Hawaii]]
| death_date        = 
| death_place       = 
| title             = Founder & Executive Director, Merlin Tuttle's Bat Conservation;<br />Founder & Former Director, Bat Conservation International;<br />Advisory Board Member, [[Disney's Animal Kingdom]];<br />Former Curator of Mammals, [[Milwaukee Public Museum]];<br />Research Fellow, Department of Integrative Biology, [[University of Texas at Austin|The University of Texas at Austin]];<br />Co-Director, Smithsonian Venezuelan Project
| workplaces        = Merlin Tuttle's Bat Conservation;<br />[[Bat Conservation International]];<br />[[University of Texas]]
| alma_mater        = [[Andrews University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br />[[University of Kansas]] ([[Master of Arts|MA]], [[Ph.D.]])
| doctoral_advisor  = 
| academic_advisors = 
| doctoral_students = 
| notable_students  = 
| known_for         = Bat ecology and photography, conservationism
| awards            = {{ubl|Gerrit S. Miller, Jr. Award|National Fish and Wildlife Foundation's Chuck Yeager Award|Chevron/Times-Mirror Conservation Award|Texas 77th Legislature House Resolution No. 1008 Commendation|Margaret Douglas Medal|[[National Speleological Society|The National Speleological Society]] Honorary Life Member|Honorary Doctorate [[Andrews University]]|Honorary Life Membership North American Society for Bat Research}}{{citation needed|date=September 2021}}
| signature         = 
| signature_alt     = 
| footnotes         = 
}}

'''Merlin Devere Tuttle''' (born August 26, 1941) is an American [[ecologist]], [[conservation movement|conservationist]], [[writer]] and wildlife [[photographer]] who has specialized in [[bat]] ecology, behavior, and conservation. He is credited with protecting the [[Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge#Bats|Austin Congress Avenue Bridge bat colony]] from extermination.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.merlintuttle.org/what-is-mtbc/history/|title=Merlin's History in Bat Conservation - Merlin Tuttle's Bat Conservation|website=www.merlintuttle.org}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.austinmonthly.com/the-year-austin-wanted-to-exterminate-the-bats/|title=The Year Austin Wanted to Exterminate the Bats|date=September 24, 2019}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://austin.culturemap.com/news/city-life/05-04-18-history-of-austin-mexican-free-tail-information-when-to-see-the-bats-congress-avenue-bridge/|title=History of Austin's famous Congress Avenue bats flies from hysteria to city treasure|website=CultureMap Austin|date=4 May 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.batcon.org/pdfs/stories/BATSSummer09MDT.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-07-18 |archive-date=2015-02-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213074602/http://www.batcon.org/pdfs/stories/BATSSummer09MDT.pdf }}</ref> Tuttle is currently active as founder and executive director of Merlin Tuttle's Bat Conservation (MTBC) in [[Austin, Texas]].

He also founded the conservation organizations [[Bat Conservation International]], from which he retired in 2009, and helped establish the [[National Park of American Samoa]].<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.batcon.org/resources/media-education/bats-magazine/bat_article/350|title=BATS Magazine Article: BCI Helps Samoans Gain National Park|website=www.batcon.org}}</ref><ref>NPS 1988</ref> Tuttle has also published research on [[gray bat]] population ecology [[Animal migration|migration]],<ref>Tuttle, M.D. 1975</ref><ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 1976">Tuttle, M.D. 1976.</ref> and the [[Trachops cirrhosus|frog-eating bats ''Trachops cirrhosus'']].<ref>E.g., Barclay, Fenton, Tuttle, & Ryan 1981; Ryan, Tuttle, & Barclay 1983; Tuttle, Ryan, & Belwood 1985.</ref>

Tuttle's photography of bats has been featured in numerous [[National Geographic Society]] publications, including 100 Best Pictures and 100 Years of Adventure and Discovery.<ref>Allen, W.L. 2001.</ref><ref>Digital Photographer 2007.</ref><ref name="cvlink" /><ref>Bryan, C.D.B. 1994</ref> In 2002, the [[United States Postal Service]] released a commemorative stamp series featuring Tuttle's photographs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.batcon.org/resources/media-education/bats-magazine/bat_article/60?tmpl=component|title=BATS Magazine Article: Bats Go Postal|website=www.batcon.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.csu.edu/cerc/researchreports/documents/BatsActivityGuide.pdf|title=Night Friends - American Bats On-line Activity Guide|website=www.csu.edu}}</ref> In 2019, Tuttle served as science editor and photographer for the [[Smithsonian Books]] publication ''BATS: an illustrated guide to all species''. He has received accolades for his research and conservation work, including the Gerritt S. Miller Jr. Award, and has been honored by the Texas State House of Representatives.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lrl.texas.gov/scanned/HouseJournals/77/day75.pdf|title= House Resolution 1008|website=lrl.texas.gov}}</ref>

In 2015, Tuttle published his memoir, ''The Secret Lives of Bats: My Adventures With the World's Most Misunderstood Mammals''.<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015">Tuttle, M.D. 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/entertainment/books/the-secret-lives-of-bats-story-of-a-misunderstood-mammal/|title='The Secret Lives of Bats': story of a misunderstood mammal|date=December 20, 2015|website=The Seattle Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22830430-500-the-secret-lives-of-bats-the-adventures-of-the-real-batman/|title=The Secret Lives of Bats: The adventures of the real batman|first=Stephanie|last=Pain|website=New Scientist}}</ref>

==Early life==
{{external media | width = 210px | float = right | audio1 = [http://www.wnyc.org/story/adventures-with-a-bat-biologist Adventures With a Bat Biologist], 12:29, [[To the Best of Our Knowledge]]<ref name="wnyc">{{cite web | title =Adventures With a Bat Biologist | publisher =[[To the Best of Our Knowledge]] via [[WNYC]] | date = August 28, 2016 | url =http://www.wnyc.org/story/adventures-with-a-bat-biologist | access-date =November 3, 2016 }}</ref> }}
{{external media
| float  = right
| video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6QnNDTNt-w "Merlin Tuttle shares bats with David Letterman"], YouTube video
| video2 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nDNhrqATZTQ "The importance of bats"], YouTube video
}}
Tuttle was born in [[Honolulu, Hawaii]]. According to his autobiography ''The Secret Lives of Bats'', he has always been fascinated by nature for as long as he can remember.<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015" /> He was raised around [[Knoxville, Tennessee]] with his two siblings and parents Horace and June Tuttle. In April 1959 at age 17, Tuttle learned of a bat cave near his home in Knoxville.<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015" /> After convincing his father to venture into the cave with him, he found himself surrounded by a swarm of gray bats while climbing through a hole that served as the bat's exit route. He describes this as his introduction to the gentle nature of bats, which did not scratch or bite him as they swarmed around him attempting to exit the cave.<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015" /> Curious about where the bats traveled after they emerged from the cave, Tuttle repeatedly returned with his parents to watch them emerge and noticed that they disappeared for months at a time. Despite reading in textbooks that gray bats were non-migratory, he became convinced by his observations that the bats must be migrating during these periods of absence.<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015" /> After documenting field notes and collecting two museum-type specimens from the cave, Tuttle's mother drove him to meet with scientists from the Smithsonian's Division of Mammals in Washington, D.C., who equipped him with several thousand bat bands for him to track the gray bat movements. This experience served as Tuttle's introduction to bat research.<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015" />

==Education==

Tuttle earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in [[zoology]] from [[Andrews University]], located in [[Berrien Springs, Michigan]]. He then entered graduate school at the [[University of Kansas]], where he studied [[systematics]], [[ecology]], and evolution.<ref name="cvlink"/> His [[Master of Arts|master]]'s thesis focused on [[zoogeography]] of [[Blunt-eared bat|Peruvian bats]].<ref>Tuttle, M.D. 1970</ref> He obtained his [[Ph.D.]] in 1974, completing his dissertation on population ecology and migration of gray bats.<ref name="cvlink">Tutle, "Curriculum Vitae".</ref> He subsequently published several academic papers based on his research,<ref>Tuttle, M.D.; Robertson, P.B. 1969</ref><ref>Tuttle, M.D.; Stevenson, D.E. 1977</ref> as well as numerous books about bats (many of which are aimed at lay readers).<ref name="Tuttle, M.D. 2015" /><ref>Tuttle, Merlin  2005.</ref><ref>Tuttle, Merlin; Kiser, Mark; Kiser, Selena  2005.</ref><ref>Taylor, Marianne; Tuttle, Merlin, eds. 2019.</ref>

==Career==

=== Smithsonian Venezuelan Project ===
In 1965, Tuttle was hired by the U.S. Army and the Smithsonian Institution to co-direct an expedition into the Amazonian Rainforest territory of Venezuela.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://siarchives.si.edu/collections/auth_org_fbr_eaco41|title=Smithsonian Venezuelan Project|date=May 26, 2016|website=Smithsonian Institution Archives}}</ref> The project, coordinated by [[Charles O. Handley|Charles O. Handley, Jr.]], curator of mammals at National Museum of Natural History, was intended to collect a large, representative sample of Venezuelan mammals and their [[ectoparasites]] in order to study mammal-parasite-habitat relationships.<ref name="Adventures of a Real Batman: 1966-1967">Adventures of a Real Batman: 1966-1967</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.si.edu/object/siris_sil_97313|title=Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project / by Charles O. Handley, Jr|website=Smithsonian Institution}}</ref>

=== Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge ===

In March 1986, Tuttle resigned from his position as Curator of Mammals at the [[Milwaukee Public Museum]] in Wisconsin and relocated his fledgling conservation organization, Bat Conservation International, to [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], which had been making national headline news for its urban bat population.<ref name="auto2"/><ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Locke|first=Robert|date=Summer 2009|title=A lifetime of bats and science|url=https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/8403258/view-pdf-version-bat-conservation-international|magazine=Bat Conservation International|pages=2–3}}</ref> At the time, the [[Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge]] bats were widely unpopular and the colony was at risk of extermination.<ref name="auto"/> Tuttle's public education campaign to save the bats through dispelling myths and misconceptions about their threats to the citizens of Austin was met with widespread skepticism and earned him the 1986 Texas Monthly Bum Steer Award.<ref name="auto3"/> However, with help from a coalition of leaders in the Austin community, the Public Health Department, and news media, Tuttle's persistent education efforts successfully reversed public opinion about the bats and turned the Congress Avenue Bridge bat colony into the highly-profitable tourist attraction for the city of Austin that it is today.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.batcon.org/pdfs/cab/CongressBridgeImpact_Survey1999.pdf|title=Congress Bridge Impact|website=www.batcon.org}}</ref>

=== National Park of American Samoa ===

In 1985, BCI trustees Verne and Marion Read, Paul Cox, a professor of botany at [[Brigham Young University]] and Tuttle traveled to [[American Samoa]] to investigate the decline of [[Samoan Flying Fox]] populations due to the decimation of their habitat and commercial hunting.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://upbathouses.com/PDF/BATSSumFall02a.pdf|title=Loyal Friends Keep BCI Strong, Pg. 32|website=upbathouses.com}}</ref> Their work evolved into a successful two-year initiative to create the [[National Park of American Samoa]] with the aid of American Samoa Governor A.P. Lutali, Lt. Governor Eni Hunkin, Samoan chiefs and a coalition of legislators and supporters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/obituaries/adventurer-wouldnt-let-grand-canyon-fall-stop-him-o77rs7a-181628191.html|title=Adventurer wouldn't let Grand Canyon fall stop him|website=www.jsonline.com}}</ref> On October 31, 1988, U.S. President [[Ronald Reagan]] signed the Samoan park bill into law, establishing the first-ever tropical rainforest protected by the [[U.S. National Park Service]] and included 8,500 acres of pristine rainforest, coastal habitat, and coral atolls.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-102/pdf/STATUTE-102-Pg2879.pdf|title=National Park of American Samoa Public Law 100-571 100th Congress|website=www.govinfo.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/100/hr4818/text/enr|title=Text of H.R. 4818 (100th): A bill to establish the National Park of Samoa. (Passed Congress version)|website=GovTrack.us}}</ref>

==Selected bibliography==
* {{cite book |last1=Tuttle |first1=Merlin |title=America's Neighborhood Bats: Understanding and Learning to Live in Harmony with Them |date=2005 |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]] |location=[[Austin, TX]] |isbn=978-0-292-71280-5|edition=2nd revised}}
* {{cite book |last1=Tuttle |first1=Merlin |last2=Kiser |first2=Mark |last3=Kiser |first3=Selena |title=The Bat House Builder's Handbook |date=2005 |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]] |location=[[Austin, TX]] |isbn=978-0-9742379-1-6|edition=2nd}}
* {{cite book |last1=Tuttle |first1=Merlin |title=The Secret Lives of Bats: My Adventures with the World's Most Misunderstood Mammals |date=2015 |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]] |location=[[Boston, MA]] |isbn=978-0-544-38227-5}}
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Taylor |editor1-first=Marianne |editor2-last=Tuttle |editor2-first=Merlin |title=Bats: An Illustrated Guide to All Species |date=2019 |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian Books]] |location=[[Washington, DC]] |isbn=978-1-58834-647-6}}
*{{cite web |author=Tuttle, M.D. |title=Curriculum Vitae |url=https://www.merlintuttle.org/summary-vitae/ |website=MerlinTuttle.org |access-date=February 14, 2019}}
*{{cite journal|author=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1970|title=Distribution and Zoogeography of Peruvian Bats with Comments on Natural History|journal=University of Kansas Science Bulletin|volume=49|issue=2|pages=45–86|location=[[University of Kansas]]|doi=10.5962/bhl.part.9197|doi-access=free}}
*{{cite journal|author=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1975|title=Population Ecology of the Gray Bat (''Myotis grisescens''): Factors Influencing Preflight Growth and Development|journal=Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas|publisher=[[University of Kansas]]|number=36|pages=1–24}}
*{{cite journal|author=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1976|title=Population Ecology of the Gray Bat (''Myotis grisescens''): Factors Influencing Growth and Survival of Newly Volant Young|journal=Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas|volume=57 |publisher=[[University of Kansas]]|number=56|pages=587–595|doi=10.2307/1936443 |jstor=1936443 |bibcode=1976Ecol...57..587T }}
*{{cite journal|author=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1976|title=Population Ecology of the Gray Bat (''Myotis grisescens''): Philopatry, Timing and Patterns of Movement, Weight Loss During Migration, and Seasonal Adaptive Strategies|journal=Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas|publisher=[[University of Kansas]]|number=54|pages=1–38}}
*{{cite conference |title=Variation in the Cave Environment and its Biological Implications |author=Tuttle, M.D. |date=1978 |publisher=[[Peachpit|Adobe Press]] |book-title=National Cave Management Symposium Proceedings |pages=108–121 |location=[[Albuquerque, NM]] |editor1=R. Zuber |editor2=J. Chester |editor3=S. Gilbert |editor4=D. Rhodes }}
*{{cite journal|author=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1979|title=Status, Causes of Decline, and Management of the Endangered Gray Bat|journal=[[Journal of Wildlife Management]]|issue=44|pages=955–960}}
*{{cite book|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1982|chapter=Gray Bat|pages=127–128|title=Handbook of Census Methods for Terrestrial Vertebrates|editor=D.E. Davis|publisher=[[CRC Press]]|location=[[Boca Raton, Florida]]}}
*{{cite book |author=Tuttle, M.D. |title=America's Neighborhood Bats: Understanding and Learning to Live in Harmony with Them |date=2005 |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]] |location=[[Austin, TX]] |isbn=978-0-292-71280-5|edition=2nd revised}}
*{{cite book |author=Tuttle, M.D. |title=The Secret Lives of Bats: My Adventures with the World's Most Misunderstood Mammals |date=2015 |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin Harcourt]] |location=[[Boston, MA]] |isbn=978-0-544-38227-5}}
*{{cite book |author1=Tuttle, M.D. |author2=Kiser, M. |author3=Kiser, S. |title=The Bat House Builder's Handbook: Second Edition |date=2005 |publisher=[[University of Texas Press]] |location=[[Austin, TX]] |isbn=978-0-9742379-1-6|edition=2nd}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|author2=Robertson, P.B.|date=1969|title=The Gray Bat, ''Myotis grisescens'', East of the Appalachians|journal=[[Journal of Mammalogy]]|issue=50|page=37}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|author2=Ryan, M.J.|s2cid=5627264|date=1981|title=Bat Predation and the Evolution of Frog Vocalizations in the Neotropics|journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]]|volume=214|issue=4521|pages=677–678|doi=10.1126/science.214.4521.677|pmid=17839660|bibcode=1981Sci...214..677T}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|author2=Ryan, M.J.|s2cid=29430974|date=1982|title=The Role of Synchronized Calling, Ambient Light, and Noise in Anti-Bat-Predator Behavior of a Tree Frog|journal=[[Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology]]|issue=11|pages=125–131|doi=10.1007/BF00300101}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|author2=Ryan, M.J.|author3=Belwood, J.J.|s2cid=53160674|date=1985|title=Acoustical Resource Partitioning by Two Species of Phyllostomatid Bats (''Trachops cirrhosus'' and ''Tonatia sylvicola'')|journal=[[Animal Behaviour (journal)|Animal Behaviour]]|volume=33|issue=4|pages=1369–1270|doi=10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80204-9}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|author2=Stevenson, D.E.|year=1977|title=An Analysis of Movement as a Mortality Factor in the Gray Bat, Based on Public Recoveries of Banded Bats|journal=[[American Midland Naturalist]]|issue=97|pages=235–240|doi=10.2307/2424704|jstor=2424704}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Tuttle, M.D.|author2=Taft, L.K.|author3=Ryan, M.J.|s2cid=53161327|date=1982|title=Evasive Behavior of a Frog in Response to Bat Predation|journal=[[Animal Behaviour (journal)|Animal Behaviour]]|volume=30|issue=2|pages=393–397|doi=10.1016/S0003-3472(82)80050-X}}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{Refbegin}}
*{{cite journal|author=Allen, W.L.|date=2001|title=National Geographic 100 Best Pictures (Collector's Edition)|volume=1|journal=[[National Geographic]]}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Barclay, R.M.|author2=Fenton, M.B.|author3=Tuttle, M.D.|author4=Ryan, M.J.|date=1981|title=Echolocation Calls Produced by ''Trachops cirrhosis'' (''Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae'') while Hunting for Frogs|journal=[[Canadian Journal of Zoology]]|volume=59|issue=5|pages=750–753|doi=10.1139/z81-107|bibcode=1981CaJZ...59..750B }}
*{{cite book |last1=Bryan |first1=C.D.B. |title=The National Geographic Society, 100 years of adventure and discovery |date=1994 |publisher=Abradale Press/Harry N. Abrams |location=New York |isbn=0-8109-8135-1 |page=484}}
*{{cite book|author1=Humphrey, S.R.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1978|chapter=''Myotis grisescens''|pages=1–3|title=Rare and endangered biota of Florida|publisher=[[University Press of Florida]]|location=[[Gainesville, Florida]]}}
*{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=Paula |title=Adventures of a Real Batman: 1966-1967 |url=https://www.pkmillerwriter.com |website=www.pkmillerwriter.com |access-date=October 25, 2020}}
*{{cite report |publisher=National Park Service and American Samoa Government |date=July 1988 |title=National Park Feasibility Study, American Samoa |url= http://npshistory.com/publications/npsa/feasibility-study.pdf}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Ryan, M.J.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|date=1982|title=Bat Predation and Sexual Advertisement in a Neotropical Anuran|journal=[[The American Naturalist]]|volume=119|issue=119|pages=136–139|doi=10.1086/283899|s2cid=84122867}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Ryan, M.J.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|s2cid=54335606|date=1983|title=The Ability of the Frog-Eating Bat to Discriminate among Novel and Potentially Poisonous Species Using Acoustic Cues|journal=[[Animal Behaviour (journal)|Animal Behaviour]]|issue=31|pages=827–833|doi=10.1016/S0003-3472(83)80239-5}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Ryan, M.J.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|s2cid=31682842|date=1987|title=The Role of Prey-Generated Sounds, Vision and Echolocation in Prey Localization by the African Bat (''Megaderma cor megadermatidae'')|journal=[[Journal of Comparative Physiology]]|issue=161|pages=59–66|doi=10.1007/BF00609455}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Ryan, M.J.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|author3=Barclay, R.M.R.|s2cid=37404628|date=1983|title=Behavioral Response of the Frog-Eating Bat, ''Trachops cirrhosus'' to Sonic Frequencies|journal=[[Journal of Comparative Physiology]]|volume=150|issue=4|pages=413–418|doi=10.1007/BF00609567}}
*{{cite journal|author1=Ryan, M.J.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|author3=Taft, L.K.|s2cid=39431995|date=1981|title=The Costs and Benefits of Frog Chorusing Behavior|journal=[[Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology]]|volume=8|issue=4|pages=273–278|doi=10.1007/BF00299526|bibcode=1981BEcoS...8..273R }}
*{{cite journal|author1=Stevenson, D.E.|author2=Tuttle, M.D.|year=1981|title=Survivorship in the Endangered Gray Bat (''Myotis grisescens'')|journal=[[Journal of Mammalogy]]|volume=62|issue=2|pages=244–257|doi=10.2307/1380702|jstor=1380702}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Taylor |editor1-first=Marianne |editor2-last=Tuttle |editor2-first=Merlin |title=Bats: An Illustrated Guide to All Species |date=2019 |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian Books]] |location=[[Washington, DC]] |isbn=978-1-58834-647-6}}
*{{cite magazine|title=The Best Wildlife Photographers of the World|date=2007|magazine=Digital Photographer}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*[http://www.merlintuttle.org/ Merlin Tuttle's Bat Conservation] Website
*{{commons category-inline}}
*{{wikiquote-inline}}

{{authority control}}
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[[Category:1941 births]]
[[Category:American conservationists]]
[[Category:American ecologists]]
[[Category:American photographers]]
[[Category:Andrews University alumni]]
[[Category:Animal cognition writers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Honolulu]]
[[Category:University of Kansas alumni]]
[[Category:University of Texas at Austin faculty]]