View source for Mazandaran province

{{Short description|Province of Iran}}
{{About|the Mazandaran Province of Iran|the historical region|Tabaristan|the region mentioned in Shahnameh|Mazandaran (Shahnameh)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Mazandaran Province
| native_name        = {{langx|mzn|ماٚٓزندروٚاٚٓن بلارعه/اوٚستوٚان}}
| native_name_lang   = fa<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fa" for Persian -->
| settlement_type    = [[Provinces of Iran|Province]]
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
| border      = infobox
| total_width = 300
| perrow      = 1/2/1/2/2/1/2
| image1      = 030915-Damavand-Polour-IMG 3449-4.jpg
| alt1        = Damavand
| image2      = Ali Azad.jpg
| alt2        = Rice Mazandaran
| image3      = DSCN1243.JPG
| alt3        = Mazandaransea
| image4      = عباس اباد (5).jpg
| alt4        = Abbasabad Garden
| image5      = Bridge Veresk.jpg
| alt5        = Veresk Bridge
| image6      = Bonyad-e Pahlavi Hotel 2019-11-05.jpg
| alt6        = Bonyad-e Pahlavi Hotel
| image7     = FarahAbad 07.jpg
| alt7       = Farah Abad
| image8     = Davazdah Cheshmeh Bridge Iran.jpg
| alt8       = Davazdah Cheshmeh Bridge
| image9      = Badab-e Surt Panorama.jpg
| alt9        = Badab-e Surt
| image10      = دریاچه سد لفور.jpg
| alt10        = Lafor Lake
| image11      = Glacial lake in Alam Chal دریاچه یخچالی در علم‌چال - panoramio.jpg
| alt11        = Glacial lake
}}
| imagesize          = 275px
| image_caption      = 
| image_alt          = 
| image_flag         = 
| image_map          = 
| image_map1         = IranMazandaran-SVG.svg
| map_caption        = 
| map_caption1       = Location of Mazandaran Province within Iran
| coordinates        = {{coord|36|23|N|52|11|E|dim:120km|display=inline, title}}
| coor_pinpoint      = 
| coordinates_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite map |author=((OpenStreetMap contributors)) |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=36.383333&mlon=52.183333&zoom=9#map=9/36.383/52.183|website=[[OpenStreetMap]] |title=Mazandaran Province|date=18 October 2024|access-date=18 October 2024|lang=fa}}</ref>
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[Iran]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Regions of Iran|Region]]
| subdivision_name1  = Region 1<ref name="hamshahrionline.ir">{{Cite web |url=http://www.hamshahrionline.ir/details/263382/Iran/-provinces |title=همشهری آنلاین-استان‌های کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند |date=22 June 2014 |access-date=2014-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140623191332/http://www.hamshahrionline.ir/details/263382/Iran/-provinces |archive-date=2014-06-23 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| parts_type         = [[Counties of Iran|Counties]]
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = 22
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| founder            = 
| seat_type          = Capital
| seat               = [[Sari, Iran|Sari]]
| government_footnotes = 
| leader_party       = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| leader_title       = [[List of current Iran governors-general|Governor-general]]
| leader_name        = [[Mehdi Younesi Rostami]]
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes     = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iranchamber.com/provinces/26_mazandaran/26_mazandaran.php |title=Province of Mazandaran |publisher=Iran Chamber Society |access-date=11 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202010657/http://www.iranchamber.com/provinces/26_mazandaran/26_mazandaran.php |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 23833
| area_note          = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province" />
| population_total   = 3283582
| population_as_of   = 2016
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = 
| population_note    = 
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Languages of Iran|Main language(s)]]
| blank_info_sec1    = [[Mazanderani language|Mazandarani (Tabari)]]<ref name="Maryam">[http://www.tc.columbia.edu/students/sie/LCEjr05/pdfs/Borjian.pdf Maryam Borjian – ''Bilingualism in Mazandaran: Peaceful Coexistence With Persian'']. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060921001601/http://www.tc.columbia.edu/students/sie/LCEjr05/pdfs/Borjian.pdf |date=September 21, 2006 }}</ref>
| timezone1          = [[Iran Standard Time|IRST]]
| utc_offset1        = +03:30
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code_type     = 
| area_code          = 11
| iso_code           = IR-02
| blank_name_sec2    = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2017)
| blank_info_sec2    = 0.845<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web |url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/ |title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab |website=hdi.globaldatalab.org |language=en |access-date=2018-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/ |archive-date=2018-09-23 |url-status=live}}</ref><br />{{color|green|very high}} · [[List of Iranian provinces by Human Development Index|4th]]
| website            = [http://www.ostan-mz.ir/ ostan-mz.ir]
| footnotes          = 
| official_name      = 
}}

'''Mazandaran province'''{{efn|Also [[romanize]]d as '''Ostân-e Mâzandarân'''; {{langx|mzn|مازِرون اوستان}}, romanized as '''Mâzerun Ustâne'''}}{{efn|Based on Maz or Mazan Term: {{langx|mzn|مازرون}} ''Mâzerun'', {{langx|fa|مازندران}}, {{langx|ru|Мазендеран}}.<br />Based on Tapur Term: {{langx|en|Tapuria}}, {{langx|ar|طبرستان}} ''Ṭabaristan'', from [[Middle Persian]] ''Tapuristân''<br />[[Mazandarani people|Mazandarani]]: Tapurana. (not prevalent). [[Ancient Greek]]: [[Hyrcania]] came from local name Vergana (Persian [[Gorgan]]), [[Caspia]] from local name Kaspi, See [[Caspian Sea]]}} is one of the 31 [[provinces of Iran]]. Its capital is the city of [[Sari, Iran|Sari]].<ref name="Mazandaran Province Structure">{{cite report|title=Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Mazandaran province, centered in Sari city|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114003543/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/113042|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council|last=Habibi|first=Hassan|archive-date=14 January 2024|orig-date=Approved 21 June 1369|date=c. 2024|id=Subject Letter 3233.1.5.53; Notification 83346/T144K|access-date=14 January 2024}}</ref> Located along the southern coast of the [[Caspian Sea]] and in the adjacent Central [[Alborz]] mountain range and [[Hyrcanian forests]], it is bordered clockwise by [[Russia]] (across the sea), [[Golestan Province|Golestan]], [[Semnan Province|Semnan]], [[Tehran Province|Tehran]], [[Alborz Province|Alborz]], [[Qazvin Province|Qazvin]], and [[Gilan Province|Gilan]] Provinces. Mazandaran covers an area of 23,842&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Natural attractions of Mazandaran in IRIB |url=http://english.irib.ir/radioculture/iran/tourism/item/169927-natural-attractions-of-mazandaran |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306155311/http://english.irib.ir/radioculture/iran/tourism/item/169927-natural-attractions-of-mazandaran |archive-date=2017-03-06 |access-date=2016-11-27}}</ref><ref>http://www.sci.org.ir/content/userfiles/_sci_en/sci_en/sel/year85/f1/CS_01_4.HTM{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

The province has diverse [[natural resource]]s, notably large offshore reservoirs of [[oil]] and [[natural gas]].<ref name="umz:mazanderan">{{Cite web |url=http://www.umz.ac.ir/en/about_mazandaran.asp |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003211510/http://www.umz.ac.ir/en/about_mazandaran.asp |url-status=dead |title=University of Mazanderan |archive-date=October 3, 2008}}</ref> The diverse natural habitats of the province include plains, prairies, forests and rainforest<ref>Springer Netherlands; July 10, 2005; [https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01897195 Contributions to the knowledge of the useful plants and plant raw materials of Iran]; {{ISSN|0921-9668}}</ref> stretching from the sandy beaches of the Caspian Sea to the rugged and snowcapped Alborz sierra,<ref>[http://www.aftab.ir/english/iran/mpr.php Mazandaran, Geography & History] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228070330/http://www.aftab.ir/english/iran/mpr.php |date=February 28, 2008 }}</ref> including [[Mount Damavand]], one of the highest [[Summit|peaks]] and [[volcano]]es in [[Asia]].<ref name="britannica:elburz">{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Elburz-Mountains |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080503005454/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9032241/Elburz-Mountains |url-status=dead |title=Elburz Mountains &#124; mountain range, Iran |archive-date=May 3, 2008 |website=www.britannica.com}}</ref>

Mazandaran is a major producer of [[Fish farming|farmed fish]],<ref name="Briancoad">[http://www.briancoad.com/Introduction/caspianseabasin.htm Freshwater Fishes of Iran] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172431/http://www.briancoad.com/Introduction/caspianseabasin.htm |date=March 3, 2016 }}; Revised: 12 July 2007</ref> and [[aquaculture]] provides an important economic addition to traditional dominance of [[agriculture]].<ref name="britannica:mazanderan">{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9051626 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070624083706/https://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9051626 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-06-24 |title=''Encyclopædia Britannica'', Entry for Mazandaran}}</ref> Another important contributor to the economy is the [[tourism]] industry, as people from all of Iran enjoy visiting the area.<ref>[http://www.irexpert.ir/Webforms/News/NewNewsDetail.aspx?EvID=20462]{{dead link|date=November 2016|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} (Persian)</ref> Mazandaran is also a fast-growing centre for [[biotechnology]].<ref name="umz:mazanderan" />

== Etymology ==
{{See also|Mazandaran (Shahnameh)}}
The name "Mazandaran" is [[Avestan]] for "the gate of the giants" or "the valley of the giants," from ماز (mâz) + ‎اندر (an-dar) + ـان‎ (ân), ({{langx|ae|𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬀‎|mazainiia|lit=giant}}). The name appears in the 10th-century CE [[Persian language|Persian]] epic the ''[[Shahnameh]]'' to refer to a land inhabited by ''[[daeva]]s'' (or ''divs'')—supernatural beings in [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrian]] belief—and [[Magic (supernatural)|sorcerers]], and that this land is difficult to conquer.

[[Toponymy|Toponyms]] in Mazandaran include several names with the word ''div'', such as Div Asiyab, Div Cheshmeh, Div Kela, and Div Hamam.

== History ==
[[File:Sassanid Music Plate 7thcentury.jpg|thumb|[[Sasanian Empire|Sasanian]] silver-gilt plate with scene of musicians playing. Seventh century.]]
Human habitation in the area dates back at least 75,000 years.<ref>[http://www.iran-daily.com/1385/2717/html/focus.htm IRAN Daily Caspian Region]  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070912021348/http://www.iran-daily.com/1385/2717/html/focus.htm |date=September 12, 2007 }}</ref> Recent excavations in [[Gohar Tape]] in [[Rostamkola]] provide proof that the area has been urbanized for more than 5,000 years, and the area is considered one of the most important historical sites of Iran.<ref>[http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091014001541/http://www.parthia.com/parthia_news_2005.htm Parthia News], November 6, 2005.</ref> It has played an important role in [[Sociocultural evolution|cultural]] and [[Urban planning|urban development]] of the region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/07/aug/1067.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202604/http://www.payvand.com/news/07/aug/1067.html |url-status=dead |title=400 Historical Sites Discovered within 7 Days in Mazandaran |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |website=www.payvand.com}}</ref> 

[[Indigenous peoples]] of the region include the ethnic [[Mazanderanis]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chnpress.com/tourism/Attractions/mazandaran/ |title=CHN Page for Mazandaran |access-date=2007-02-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070214113052/http://www.chnpress.com/tourism/Attractions/mazandaran/ |archive-date=2007-02-14}}</ref> who speak an [[Iranian language]] which most closely resembles [[Gilaki language|Gilaki]] and [[Sangiseri language]], but also has [[Phone (phonetics)|phono]]-typical similarities to several [[Caucasian languages]], reflecting the history of the region and its peoples.

In the early 20th century, [[Reza Shah]] connected northern [[Alborz|Elbourz]] to the southern slopes by constructing seven new roads and railways, the provinces of Mazandaran and Gilan became known as Shomal by all Iranians (meaning "the North" in [[Persian language|Persian]]).
Mazandaran province was made part of the Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into [[Regions of Iran|five regions]] solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.<ref name="hamshahrionline.ir" />
[[File:Median Empire.jpg|right|thumb|upright=1.15|Map of the [[Median Empire]] (600 BCE) showing the relative locations of the Amardian tribe]]
{{See also|Tabaristan}}
[[File:Fenner, Rest. Persis, Parthia, Armenia. 1835 (K).jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|Location of Tapuri, between Amardus and Hyrcania]]
[[File:Vase with grape harvesting scenes BM 1 (edited)897.12-31.189.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Vase with grape harvesting scenes, British Library, [[Sasanid Empire]], for [[Ardashir I]], (621-628-630)]]

=== Pre-Islamic history ===
{{History of Tabaristan|all}}
Before the arrival of the [[Iranian languages|Iranian-speakers]] to Iran, the native people of this area were subsistence hunters and cattle herders. [[Archaeology|Archaeological]] studies in caves belt and Hotu man in [[Behshahr]] in the Mazandaran date to ''ca.'' 9500 BCE.{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}} The [[Amard]] were a tribe living along the mountainous region bordering the [[Caspian Sea]], including current day [[Amol]]. [[Tapuri]]<ref>[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iran-v2-peoples-pre-islamic Tapuri. The mountains inland from the coast of Hyrcania are called the "Tapurian mountains" by Arrian, after the people there, settled in the mountains between the Derbices and the Hyrcanii (Str., 11.9.1, 11.11.8). They are spread toward the Caspian Gates and Rhaga in Media (Ptol., 6.2.6). These western Tapuri could have resulted from a tribal division north of the Sarnius/Atrak river—another, perhaps ancestral, group, the Tapurei, is located by Ptolemy (6.14.12) in Scythia. The remainder moved south and east into Margiana ("between the Hyrcani and the Arii," Str., 11.8.8; Ptol., 6.10.2) along the Ochus/Arius (mod. Tejen/Hari-rud) river into Aria (cf. Polyb., 10.49). The Tapuri on the Caspian could, alternatively, represent a later westward migration along the main east-west highway from Margiana. These Tapuri furnished 1,000 cavalry for the battle of Gaugamela (Curt., 3.2.7), apparently aligned with the Hyrcanii (the "Topeiri," Arr., An. 3.8.4). Alexander later subdued them (Arr., An. 3.23.1-2; Polyb., 5.44.5; Curt., 6.4.24-25). A separate satrap administered them at the time of Alexander's arrival, and this official was assigned the Caspian Mardi as well (Arr., An. 3.22.7, 24.3; 4.18.2).], IRANICAONlINE IRAN v. PEOPLES OF IRAN (2) Pre-Islamic</ref> were a tribe in the [[Medes]] south of the Caspian Sea mentioned by [[Ptolemy]] and [[Arrian]].<ref name="perseus.tufts.edu">{{Cite web |title=Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, illustrated by numerous engravings on wood. William Smith, LLD. London. Walton and Maberly, Upper Gower Street and Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row; John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1854., TAPU´RI |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu |url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=tapuri-geo |access-date=2021-02-04}}</ref> [[Ctesias]] refers to the land of [[Tapuri]] between the two lands of [[Cadusii]] and [[Hyrcania]].<ref>Of the lands which lie on the sea and of the others which border on these, Ninus subdued Egypt and Phoenicia, then Coele-Syria, Cilicia, Pamphylia, and Lycia, and also Caria, Phrygia, and Lydia; moreover, he brought under his sway the Troad, Phrygia on the Hellespont, Propontis, Bithynia, Cappadocia, and all the barbarian nations who inhabit the shores of the Pontus as far as the Tanais; he also made himself lord of the lands of the Cadusii, Tapyri, Hyrcanii, Drangi, of the Derbici, Carmanii, Choromnaei, and of the Borcanii, and Parthyaei; and he invaded both Persis and Susiana and Caspiana, as it is called, which is entered by exceedingly narrow passes, known for that reason as the Caspian Gates. 4 Many other lesser nations he also brought under his rule, about whom it would be a long task to speak. But since Bactriana was difficult to invade and contained multitudes of warlike men, after much toil and labour in vain he deferred to a later time the war against the Bactriani, and leading his forces back into Assyria selected a place excellently situated for the founding of a great city.. Diodorus Siculus, Library 1-7 (2.2.3)</ref>
[[File:Gold cup kalardasht.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|left|Hyrcanian Golden Cup, dating from the 9th century BCE). It was excavated at [[Kalardasht]] in Mazandaran]]
The territory known as Mazandaran has changed hands among various dynasties from early in its history. There are several [[Fortification|fortresses]] remaining from the [[Parthian Empire]] and [[Sasanian Empire]], and many older [[Cemetery|cemeteries]] scattered throughout the province. During this era, Mazandaran was part of [[Hyrcania]], which was one of the important provinces.

In 662 CE, ten years after the death of [[Yazdegerd III]], the last Sasanian emperor, a large [[Muslims|Muslim]] army under the command of [[Hasan ibn Ali|Hassan ibn Ali]] invaded Tabarestan.

With the advent of the Sasanian Empire, the King of Mazandaran ([[Tabaristan]] and [[Padishkhwargar|Padashkhwargar]]) was Gushnasp,<ref name="EIS">Minorsky, V.; Vasmer, R. "Mazandaran" ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2007. Brill Online.</ref> whose ancestors had reigned in the area (under the [[Parthian empire]]) since the time of [[Alexander the Great]]. In 529–536, Mazandaran was ruled by the Sasanian prince [[Kawus]], son of [[Kavad I|Kawadh]].<ref name="EIS" /> [[Khosrow I|Anushirawan]], the Sasanian king, defeated Zarmihr, who claimed his ancestry from the legendary [[Kaveh the Blacksmith|blacksmith Kaveh]].<ref name="EIS" /> This dynasty ruled the area till 645 AD, when [[Gil Gavbara|Gil Gilanshah]] (a descendant of the Sasanian king [[Jamasp]] and a grandson of [[Piruz Khosrow|Piruz]]) joined Mazandaran to [[Gilan Province|Gilan]].<ref name="EIS" />

In 651 the Sasanid Empire fell, and all of the Sasanid domains gradually came under [[Muslim conquest of Persia|Arab control]], except for the Caspian region of Iran (among which Tabaristan).

=== Islamic history ===
[[Zarmihr Hazarwuxt|Tabaristan]] maintained an existence independent of the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] which supplanted the Sasanian Empire in the early seventh century, with independent [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrian]] houses like the [[Bavand Dynasty|Bavand]] and [[House of Karen|Karen]] fighting an effective guerilla warfare against the Ummayads. A short-lived [[Alids|Alid]] [[Shia Islam|Shiite]] state collapsed before the subsequent take-over by the [[Ziyarid]] princes. During the post-Islamic period the local dynasties fell into three classes: local families of pre-Islamic origin; the ʿ[[Alids|Alid sayyid]]; and local families of secondary importance.<ref name="EIS" />
[[File:Grablege Gohar Tepe.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|Gohar Tape Archaeological site]]
The [[Qarinvand dynasty|Karinids]] claimed descent from Karin, brother of Zarmihr who was the pre-Islamic ruler under the Sasanians.<ref name="EIS" /> Their last representative [[Mazyar]] was put to death in 839.<ref name="EIS" />

In the 9th-11th century AD, there were repetitively military raids undertaken by [[Rus' (people)|the Rus']] between 864 and 1041 on the [[Caspian Sea]] shores of [[Iran]], [[Azerbaijan]], and [[Dagestan]] as part of the [[Caspian expeditions of the Rus']].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Logan |first1=F. Donald |title=The Vikings in History. Second edition. |date=1992 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-08396-6 |location=Abingdon |page=201 |authorlink1=F. Donald Logan}}</ref> Initially, the Rus' appeared in [[Serkland]] in the 9th century traveling as merchants along the [[Volga trade route]], selling furs, honey, and slaves. The first small-scale raids took place in the late 9th and early 10th century. The Rus' undertook the first large-scale expedition in 913; having arrived on 500 ships, they pillaged the westernmost parts of [[Gorgan]] as well as Mazandaran and [[Gilan Province|Gilan]], taking slaves and goods.[[File:Alavids-map.png|thumb|upright=1.15|left|Map of the Mazandaran [[Alavid]] emirate (864-929 AD).]]
The [[Bavand dynasty|Bavandids]], who claimed descent from Kawus, provided three dynasties.<ref name="EIS" /> The first dynasty (665–1007) was overthrown on the conquest of Tabaristan by the [[Vushmgir|Ziyarid Kabus b. Wushmgir]].<ref name="EIS" /> The second dynasty reigned from 1073 to 1210, when Mazandaran was conquered by '[[Muhammad II of Khwarazm|Ala al-Din Muhammad Khwarzamshah]].<ref name="EIS" /> The third ruled from 1237 to 1349 as [[vassal]]s of the [[Mongols]].<ref name="EIS" /> The last representative of the Bavandids was killed by Afrasiyab Chulawi.<ref name="EIS" />

The [[Paduspanids]] claimed descent from the [[Dabuyid dynasty|Dabuyids]] of the north.<ref name="EIS" /> They came to prominence around 660 and during the rule of the ʿAlids were their vassals. Later, they were vassals of the [[Buyid dynasty|Buyids]] and Bavandids, who deposed them in 1190.<ref name="EIS" /> The dynasty, restored in 1209–10, survived until the time of [[Timur]]; the branch, claiming descent from Kawus the son of Kayumarth reigned until 1567 and the other, that of Iskandar the son of Kayumarth, until 1574.<ref name="EIS" />

In the [[Safavid era]] (1501–1736) Mazandaran was settled by very large numbers of [[Georgian people|Georgians]], [[Circassians]], [[Armenians]], and other [[Peoples of the Caucasus]], whose descendants still live or linger across Mazandaran. Towns, villages and neighbourhoods in Mazandaran still bear the name "Gorji" (i.e., Georgian) in them, although most of the large amounts of [[Georgians]], [[Armenians]], and [[Circassians]] are already assimilated into the mainstream Mazandaranis. The history of Georgian settlement is described by [[Iskandar Beg Munshi]], the author of the 17th century [[History of Alam Aray Abbasi|Tarikh-e Alam-Ara-ye Abbasi]], and both the Circassian and Georgian settlements by [[Pietro Della Valle]], among other authors.<ref>Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi, 3 vols. in 4 parts, ''Rome, 1658–63''; tr. J. Pinkerton as Travels in Persia, London, 1811.</ref>

Tabaristan remained independent until 1596, when [[Shah Abbas I]], Mazandarani on his mother's side, incorporated Mazandaran into his Safavid empire, forcing many [[Armenians]] [[Circassians]], [[Iranian Georgians|Georgians]], to settle in Mazandaran. [[Pietro della Valle]] (1586–1652), who visited a town near [[Firuzkuh]] in Mazandaran, noted that [[Mazandarani people|Mazandarani women]] never wore the veil and didn't hesitate to talk to foreigners. He also noted the extremely large amount of Circassians and Georgians in the region, and that he had never encountered people with as much civility as the [[List of Mazanderanis|Mazandaranis]].{{Blockquote|text=Today, Persia proper, Fars, Mazanderan on the Caspian Sea and many other lands of this empire are all full of Georgian and Circassian inhabitants. Most of them remain Christian to this day, but in a very crude manner, since they have neither priest nor minister to tend them.|sign=[[Pietro della Valle]]}}

=== Post-Safavid period ===
After the Safavid period, the Qajars began to campaign south from Mazandaran with [[Agha Mohammad Khan]] who already incorporated Mazandaran into his empire in 1782. On 21 March 1782, [[Agha Mohammad Khan|Agha Mohammad Shah]] proclaimed [[Sari, Iran|Sari]] as his imperial capital. Mazandaran was the site of local wars in those years, which led to the transfer of the capital from Sari to [[Tehran]] by [[Fath Ali Shah]]. In Modern era at Mazandaran make new house and bridge in [[Amol]] and [[Sari]]. In along the beach and in the forest built Villa and modern settlements.

Before the reign of [[Nader Shah]], the province was briefly occupied by the Russian army in the aftermath of the [[Russo-Persian War (1722–23)]] and returned to [[Persia]] in 1735. Following the outcomes of the [[Russo-Persian War (1804–13)]] and the [[Russo-Persian War (1826–28)]] northern Iran, especially Mazandaran and Gilan, as well as, to a certain extent, Tehran, fell under a growing Russian sphere of influence.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}

In the 19th century, during the reign of [[Fath-Ali Shah Qajar]], the verdant region of Mazandaran was paid due attention as a recreational area.

The top provincial official referred to the existence of three international airports and three major sea ports in the province and the visit of millions of Iranian and foreign tourists to Mazandaran, including health tourists.

== Demographics ==
=== Language and ethnicity ===
{{Main|Mazandarani Language}}
[[File:Lingusitic Map of Mazandaran Province.png|thumb|upright=1.35|Linguistic Map of Mazandaran province]]
The population of the province has been steadily growing during the last 50 years. The following table shows the approximate province population, excluding the [[Golestan province]], which has separated as an independent province in 1998.

The population is overwhelmingly [[Mazandarani people|Mazandarani]], with a minority of [[Gilaks]], [[Iranian Azerbaijani|Azerbaijanis]], [[Kurdish people|Kurds]], [[Iranian Georgians|Georgians]], [[Iranian Armenians|Armenians]], [[Circassians]], [[Iranian Turkmen|Turkmen]] and others.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kurdish-tribes |title=Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://kurdistanhumanrights.org/en/tag/kurish-writer/ |title=Kurish writer Archives – KHRN &#124; Kurdistan Human Rights Network}}</ref>

Mazandarani people have a background in Tabari ethnicity and speak Mazandarani. Their origin goes back to the Tapuri people, from which their land was called Tapuria, the land of Tapuris. The Tapuris were made to migrate to the south coast of the Caspian Sea during the Achaemenid dynasty.<ref name="perseus.tufts.edu" /><ref name=Borjian>{{cite journal |jstor=4030997 |title=Māzandarān: Language and People |journal=Iran & the Caucasus |last=Borjian |first=Habib |volume=8 |issue=2 |date=2004 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]] |page=291 |doi=10.1163/1573384043076045 |url=https://academiccommons.columbia.edu/doi/10.7916/D85B1DDR/download}}</ref><ref name=Potts>{{cite book |last=Potts |first=Daniel |title=Nomadism in Iran: From Antiquity to the Modern Era |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2014 |isbn=978-0-19-933079-9 |page=110 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8c3QAgAAQBAJ&dq=in+one+case+%28pf0856%29+barley+rations+given+to+tapyrian+juvenile+laborers+in+the+first+seven+months+of+darius+24th+year+%28498+b.c%29+were+recorded+while+i&pg=PA110 |access-date=2021-12-15}}</ref>

The native people of [[Sari, Iran|Sari]], [[Amol]], [[Qaem Shahr]], [[Babol]], [[Nowshahr]], [[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]], and [[Tonekabon]] are Mazandarani people and speak the Mazandarani language.<ref name=Glottolog>{{cite web |title=Spoken L1 Language: Mazanderani |website=Glottolog 4.6 |url=https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/maza1291}}</ref><ref name=Windfuhr>{{cite book |author=Windfuhr, G. L. |year=1989 |chapter=New Iranian languages: Overview |editor=Rüdiger Schmitt |title=Compendium linguarum Iranicarum |location=Wiesbaden |publisher=L. Reichert |page=490}}</ref>

The eastern Gīlakī dialect is spoken in the entire valley of the Čālūs river, though Kurdish tribes were established in the yeylāq of Kojūr and Kalārdašt in the Qajar period.<ref name="calus">{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/calus |title=ČĀLŪS |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> Today Kurds in Mazandaran are mostly known as Khajevand Kurds and form majority of the cities of Kelardasht, Abbasabad, Nowshahr, Chalus and Kajur. Other Kurdish tribes in Mazandaran Province are Modanlu (In Sari), Jahanbeiglou (In Sari), Abdolmaleki (In Behshahr), Jalalvand (In Ramsar) and Amarlu (In Tonekabon).<ref name="auto" />

The [[Mazandarani people|Mazandarani]] inhabit the majority of the province. The closely related [[Gilaks|Gilak]] form the largest minority and are concentrated in [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]],<ref name="ReferenceA">‎سفرنامه ملگونوف به سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر، صفحهٔ ۵۷</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">‎سفرنامه یاسنت لویی رابینو، صفحهٔ ۴۶</ref> [[Tonekabon]].<ref name="ReferenceC">"تنکابن". دانشنامه جهان اسلام. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۷-۰۷.</ref>

In recent years the region has seen an influx of Iranians from other regions of Iran, many of them attracted by its nature and seaside.

[[Mazanderani language|Mazanderani]] or ''Tabari'' is a Northwestern Iranian language. Various Mazandarani dialects exist which are spoken in Mazandaran province and the neighboring [[Golestan province]] such as Mazanderani, and Gorgani and possibly Qadikolahi (Ghadikolahi) and Palani. Today, Mazandaranis also use Persian (Western Persian).<ref name="Maryam" /> The educated can communicate and read Persian well.<ref name="Ethnologue">Gordon, R.G., Jr. (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 15th edition. (Dallas, TX: SIL International). Online version {{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com |title=Ethnologue: Languages of the World |access-date=2009-11-12 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107203354/https://www.ethnologue.com/ |archive-date=2016-11-07}}</ref>

The people residing in [[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]] speak [[Mazanderani language]]. The dialect of Kalarestaqi<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kalarestaq-1 |title=KALĀRESTĀQ i. The District and Sub-District |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> is spoken in the west of Chalus and the dialect of Kojuri<ref name="iranicaonline.org">{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kojur-i |title=KOJUR i. Historical Geography |encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica}}</ref> in the east.

The people residing in [[Nowshahr]] speak the Kojuri-dialect of [[Mazanderani language]].<ref name="iranicaonline.org" />

The closely related [[Gilaki people|Gilaks]] form the largest minority in Mazandaran. They speak the [[Gilaki language]] and are concentrated in [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]],<ref name="ReferenceA" /><ref name="ReferenceB" /> and [[Tonekabon]].<ref name="ReferenceC" /> The native people in Ramsar are Gilaks although there are also Mazandarani people living there. They speak the Gilaki language although the style they speak has been influenced by the Mazandarani language, making it slightly different from the Gilaki spoken in [[Gilan province|Gilan]]. (Planhol, p.&nbsp;38).<ref name="calus" />

A dialect of [[Azerbaijani language|Azeri]] is spoken in the town of [[Galoogah, Behshahr, Mazandaran|Galoogah]].<ref name="johanson">Lars Johanson, Éva Csató, Eva Agnes Csato. ''The Turkic Languages''. Taylor & Francis, 1998. {{ISBN|0-415-08200-5}}; p. 274</ref>

=== Population ===
[[File:Mazandaran Population history chart.gif|right|upright=1.35]]
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the province's population was 2,893,087 in 783,169 households.<ref name="2006 Mazandaran Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls|access-date=25 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920090640/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/02.xls|format=Excel|archive-date=20 September 2011}}</ref> The following census in 2011 counted 3,073,943 people in 931,007 households.<ref name="2011 Mazandaran Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=irandataportal.syr.edu|via=Iran Data Portal, Syracuse University|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230119182058/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Mazandaran.xls|archive-date=19 January 2023|access-date=19 December 2022|format=Excel}}</ref> The 2016 census measured the population of the province as 3,283,582 in 1,084,798 households.<ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province">{{cite report|title=Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016): Mazandaran Province|language=fa|publisher=The Statistical Center of Iran|website=amar.org.ir|url=https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007110909/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_02.xlsx|format=Excel|archive-date=7 October 2021}}</ref> Mazandaran is one of the most densely populated provinces in Iran.<ref>Statistical Centre, [[Government of Iran]]. See: [http://www.sci.org.ir/Englishold/SEL/F1/S1_4S.htm "General Characteristics of Ostans according to their administrative divisions at the end of 1383 (2005 CE)"] {{dead link|date=March 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, [http://www.sci.org.ir/Englishold/SEL/j-shvro-84.htm "Population estimation by urban and rural areas, 2005"]{{dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

=== Administrative divisions ===
[[File:Mazandaran.svg|400px]]
The population history and structural changes of Mazandaran province's administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Mazandaran Province
|-
! Counties !! 2006<ref name="2006 Mazandaran Province" /> !! 2011<ref name="2011 Mazandaran Province" /> !! 2016<ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province" />
|-
| [[Abbasabad County|Abbasabad]]{{efn|Separated from [[Tonekabon County]] after the 2006 census<ref name="Abbasabad County Establishment">{{cite report|title=Divisional reforms and changes in Mazandaran province|language=fa|website=qavanin.ir|via=Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran|url=https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/123425|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520181509/https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/123425|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Board of Ministers|archive-date=20 May 2023|orig-date=Approved 3 March 1388|date=c. 2023|last=Davodi|first=Parviz|access-date=20 May 2023|id=Proposal 154154/42/4/1}}</ref>}} || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | 47,591 || style="text-align: right;" | 52,832
|-
| [[Amol County|Amol]] || style="text-align: right;" | 343,747 || style="text-align: right;" | 370,774 || style="text-align: right;" | 401,639
|-
| [[Babol County|Babol]] || style="text-align: right;" | 464,538 || style="text-align: right;" | 495,472 || style="text-align: right;" | 531,930
|-
| [[Babolsar County|Babolsar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 172,600 || style="text-align: right;" | 124,323 || style="text-align: right;" | 135,191
|-
| [[Behshahr County|Behshahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 154,957 || style="text-align: right;" | 155,247 || style="text-align: right;" | 168,769
|-
| [[Chalus County|Chalus]] || style="text-align: right;" | 119,559 || style="text-align: right;" | 122,736 || style="text-align: right;" | 116,542
|-
| [[Fereydunkenar County|Fereydunkenar]]{{efn|Separated from [[Babolsar County]] after the 2006 census<ref name="Fereydunkenar County Establishment">{{cite report|title=Approval letter regarding the reforms of national divisions in Mazandaran province|language=fa|website=lamtakam.com|via=Lam ta Kam|url=https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/134943|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116152936/https://lamtakam.com/law/council_of_ministers/134943|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Political-Defense Commission of the Government Board|last=Davodi|first=Parviz|archive-date=16 January 2024|orig-date=Approved 29 July 1386|date=c. 2024|id=Proposal 93023/42/1/4/1; Notification 156155/T38028K|access-date=16 January 2024}}</ref>}} || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | 57,980 || style="text-align: right;" | 60,031
|-
| [[Galugah County|Galugah]] || style="text-align: right;" | 39,450 || style="text-align: right;" | 38,847 || style="text-align: right;" | 40,078
|-
| [[Juybar County|Juybar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 70,204 || style="text-align: right;" | 73,554 || style="text-align: right;" | 77,576
|-
| [[Kelardasht County|Kelardasht]]{{efn|Separated from [[Chalus County]] after the 2016 census<ref name="Kelardasht County Establishment">{{cite report|title=The transformation of Kelardasht District in Mazandaran province to a county|language=fa|website=qavanin.ir|via=Laws and Regulations Portal of the Islamic Republic of Iran|url=https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/205573|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523235614/https://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/205573|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Board of Ministers|archive-date=23 May 2023|orig-date=Approved 20 December 1391|date=c. 2023|id=Proposal 107532/42/1|last=Rahimi|first=Mohammad Reza|access-date=23 May 2023}}</ref>}} || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | 23,648
|-
| [[Mahmudabad County|Mahmudabad]] || style="text-align: right;" | 90,054 || style="text-align: right;" | 96,019 || style="text-align: right;" | 98,407
|-
| [[Miandorud County|Miandorud]]{{efn|Separated from [[Sari County]] after the 2006 census<ref name="Miandorud County Establishment">{{cite news|title=Miandorud County was added to the map of national divisions; with eight changes in the geography of Mazandaran province|language=fa|website=dolat.ir|via=Secretariat of the Government Information Council|url=http://www.dolat.ir/NSite/FullStory/?Id=197126|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101231081631/http://www.dolat.ir/NSite/FullStory/?Id=197126|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Board of Ministers|archive-date=31 December 2010|date=10 January 2019|orig-date=Published 8 December 2009|access-date=26 May 2023}}</ref>}} || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | 55,776 || style="text-align: right;" | 55,053
|-
| [[Neka County|Neka]] || style="text-align: right;" | 104,753 || style="text-align: right;" | 111,944 || style="text-align: right;" | 119,511
|-
| [[North Savadkuh County|North Savadkuh]]{{efn|Separated from [[Savadkuh County]] after the 2011 census<ref name="North Savadkuh County Establishment">{{cite news|title=With the approval of the Cabinet, North Savadkuh County was created|language=fa|website=dolat.ir|via=Secretariat of the Government Information Council|url=https://dolat.ir/detail/225915|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226145314/https://dolat.ir/detail/225915|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Board of Ministers|archive-date=26 December 2016|date=20 April 2012|last=Rahimi|first=Mohammadreza|access-date=26 May 2023}}</ref>}} || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | 24,834
|-
| [[Nowshahr County|Nowshahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 116,334 || style="text-align: right;" | 128,647 || style="text-align: right;" | 138,913
|-
| [[Nur County|Nur]] || style="text-align: right;" | 104,807 || style="text-align: right;" | 109,281 || style="text-align: right;" | 121,531
|-
| [[Qaem Shahr County|Qaem Shahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 293,721 || style="text-align: right;" | 320,741 || style="text-align: right;" | 309,199
|-
| [[Ramsar County|Ramsar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 67,675 || style="text-align: right;" | 68,323 || style="text-align: right;" | 74,179
|-
| [[Sari County|Sari]] || style="text-align: right;" | 490,830 || style="text-align: right;" | 478,370 || style="text-align: right;" | 504,298
|-
| [[Savadkuh County|Savadkuh]] || style="text-align: right;" | 66,430 || style="text-align: right;" | 64,378 || style="text-align: right;" | 43,913
|-
| [[Simorgh County|Simorgh]]{{efn|Separated from [[Qaem Shahr County]] after the 2011 census<ref name="Simorgh County Establishment">{{cite report|title=Approval letter regarding national divisions in Mazandaran province|language=fa|website=rc.majlis.ir|via=Islamic Parliament Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran|url=https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/828427|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222074144/https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/828427|publisher=Ministry of the Interior, Council of Ministers|last=Rahimi|first=Mohammad Reza|archive-date=22 December 2017|date=1 January 2016|orig-date=Approved 29 September 1391|access-date=14 January 2024|id=Proposal 121434/42/4/1; Notification 213858/T48692H}}</ref>}} || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | – || style="text-align: right;" | 19,376
|-
| [[Tonekabon County|Tonekabon]] || style="text-align: right;" | 193,428 || style="text-align: right;" | 153,940 || style="text-align: right;" | 166,132
|-
| '''Total''' || style="text-align: right;" | '''2,893,087''' || style="text-align: right;" | '''3,073,943''' || style="text-align: right;" | '''3,283,582'''
|}

=== Cities ===
According to the 2016 census, 1,897,238 people (over 57% of the population of Mazandaran province) live in the following cities:<ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province" />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! City !! Population
|-
| [[Abbasabad, Mazandaran|Abbasabad]] || style="text-align: right;" | 13,482
|-
| [[Alasht]] || style="text-align: right;" | 1,193
|-
| [[Amirkola]] || style="text-align: right;" | 30,478
|-
| [[Amol]] || style="text-align: right;" | 237,528
|-
| [[Arateh]] || style="text-align: right;" | 10,327
|-
| [[Babol]] || style="text-align: right;" | 250,217
|-
| [[Babolsar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 59,966
|-
| [[Bahnemir]] || style="text-align: right;" | 7,906
|-
| [[Baladeh, Mazandaran|Baladeh]] || style="text-align: right;" | 970
|-
| [[Behshahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 94,702
|-
| [[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]] || style="text-align: right;" | 65,196
|-
| [[Chamestan]] || style="text-align: right;" | 11,194
|-
| [[Dabudasht]] || style="text-align: right;" | 1,758
|-
| [[Esku Mahalleh|Emamzadeh Abdollah]] || style="text-align: right;" | 5,768
|-
| [[Farim, Iran|Farim]] || style="text-align: right;" | 369
|-
| [[Fereydunkenar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 38,154
|-
| [[Galugah, Babol|Galugah]] (Babol) || style="text-align: right;" |  6,908
|-
| [[Galugah]] (Galugah) || style="text-align: right;" | 21,352
|-
| [[Gatab]] || style="text-align: right;" | 7,374
|-
| [[Gazanak]] || style="text-align: right;" | 319
|-
| [[Hachirud]] || style="text-align: right;" | 10,398
|-
| [[Hadishahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 7,889
|-
| [[Izadshahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 7,439
|-
| [[Juybar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 32,924
|-
| [[Kelarabad]] || style="text-align: right;" | 6,267
|-
| [[Kelardasht]] || style="text-align: right;" | 13,401
|-
| [[Ketalem and Sadat Shahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 20,716
|-
| [[Khalil Shahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 11,032
|-
| [[Khorramabad, Mazandaran|Khorramabad]] || style="text-align: right;" | 11,542
|-
| [[Khush Rudpey]] || style="text-align: right;" | 5,742
|-
| [[Kiakola]] || style="text-align: right;" | 8,040
|-
| [[Kiasar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 3,384
|-
| [[Kojur]] || style="text-align: right;" | 3,120
|-
| [[Kuhi Kheyl]] || style="text-align: right;" | 2,242
|-
| [[Mahmudabad, Mazandaran|Mahmudabad]] || style="text-align: right;" | 31,844
|-
| [[Marzanabad]] || style="text-align: right;" | 6,698
|-
| [[Marzikola]] || style="text-align: right;" | 868
|-
| [[Nashtarud]] || style="text-align: right;" | 6,394
|-
| [[Neka]] || style="text-align: right;" | 60,991
|-
| [[Nowshahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 49,403
|-
| [[Nur, Iran|Nur]] || style="text-align: right;" | 26,947
|-
| [[Pain Hular]] || style="text-align: right;" | 956
|-
| [[Pol-e Sefid, Mazandaran|Pol-e Sefid]] || style="text-align: right;" | 8,294
|-
| [[Pul, Iran|Pul]] || style="text-align: right;" | 3,150
|-
| [[Qaem Shahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 204,953
|-
| [[Ramsar, Iran|Ramsar]] || style="text-align: right;" | 35,997
|-
| [[Rineh]] || style="text-align: right;" | 982
|-
| [[Rostamkola]] || style="text-align: right;" | 11,686
|-
| [[Royan, Iran|Royan]] || style="text-align: right;" | 7,731
|-
| [[Salman Shahr]] || style="text-align: right;" | 9,656
|-
| '''[[Sari, Iran|Sari]]''' || style="text-align: right;" | '''309,820'''
|-
| [[Shirgah]] || style="text-align: right;" | 8,671
|-
| [[Shirud, Iran|Shirud]] || style="text-align: right;" | 11,377
|-
| [[Sorkhrud]] || style="text-align: right;" | 6,699
|-
| [[Surak, Iran|Surak]] || style="text-align: right;" | 9,208
|-
| [[Tonekabon]] || style="text-align: right;" | 55,434
|-
| [[Zargarmahalleh]] || style="text-align: right;" | 3,991
|-
| [[Zirab]] || style="text-align: right;" | 16,191
|}

=== Most populous cities ===
{{See also|List of cities in Mazandaran province by population}}
The following sorted table, lists the most populous cities in Mazandaran.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Rank
! City
! County
! Population<ref name="2016 Mazandaran Province"/>
|-
! 1
| [[Sari, Iran|Sari]]
| [[Sari County|Sari]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  309,820
|-
! 2
| [[Babol]]
| [[Babol County|Babol]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  250,217
|-
! 3
| [[Amol]]
| [[Amol County|Amol]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  237,528
|-
! 4
| [[Qaem Shahr]]
| [[Qaem Shahr County|Qaem Shahr]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  204,953
|-
! 5
| [[Behshahr]]
| [[Behshahr County|Behshahr]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  94,702
|-
! 6
| [[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]]
| [[Chalus County|Chalus]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  65,196
|-
! 7
| [[Neka]]
| [[Neka County|Neka]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  60,991
|-
! 8
| [[Babolsar]]
| [[Babolsar County|Babolsar]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  59,966
|-
! 9
| [[Tonekabon]]
| [[Tonekabon County|Tonekabon]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  55,434
|-
! 10
| [[Nowshahr]]
| [[Nowshahr County|Nowshahr]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  49,403
|-
! 11
| [[Fereydunkenar]]
| [[Fereydunkenar County|Fereydunkenar]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  38,154
|-
! 12
| [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]]
| [[Ramsar County|Ramsar]]
| style="text-align: right;" |  35,997
|}

== Geography ==
[[File:Damavand Aerial Panorama.jpg|thumb|center|1000px|{{center|[[Mount Damavand]]}}|alt=Mount Damavand]]
Mazandaran is located on the southern coast of the [[Caspian Sea]]. It is bordered clockwise by [[Golestan Province|Golestan]], [[Semnan Province|Semnan]], and [[Tehran Province|Tehran]] provinces.<ref>Gwillim Law, Statoids website. [http://www.statoids.com/uir.html "Provinces of Iran"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022043249/http://www.statoids.com/uir.html |date=October 22, 2016 }}. Retrieved on 2007-08-28</ref> This province also borders [[Qazvīn Province|Qazvin]] and [[Gīlān Province|Gilan]] to the west.

Mazandaran province is geographically divided into two parts: the coastal plains and the mountainous areas. The [[Alborz]] Mountain Range surrounds the coastal strip and the plains abutting the Caspian Sea like a huge wall. Due to the prevailing sea breeze and local winds of the southern and eastern coasts of the Caspian Sea, sandy hills are formed, causing the appearance of a low natural barrier between the sea and plain.
There is often snowfall in the [[Alborz]] regions, which run parallel to the [[Mazandaran Sea|Caspian Sea]]'s southern coast, dividing the province into many isolated valleys. The province enjoys a moderate, subtropical climate with an average temperature of 25&nbsp;°C in summer and about 8&nbsp;°C in winter. Although snow may fall heavily in the mountains in winter, it rarely falls at sea level.
{{Clear}}
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Noor Caspian sea.jpg|Caspian Sea coast at [[Nur, Iran|Nur]]
File:Shalizar2.jpg|Shalizar (Rice Fields)
File:Mazandaran, Iran (Nature).jpg|Pasturage
File:"Aseman kuh" mount view from "Kahrizak Dare" lake, Lar, Alborz mountain آسمانکوه وکوههای قلعه نو ازدریاچه کِهریزک دره لار - panoramio.jpg|Aseman kuh (peak in Alborz range) viewed from Kahrizak Dare (lake), Amol.
File:Old Stony.jpg|Kafer Keli rock-cut dwellings, [[Larijan District|Larijan]], Amol
File:چشمه دیواسیاب، آب معدنی، آرو ور آرو، دشت لار Dyvasyab (Mineral) springs, (Info in page 1), Damavand mount, Dasht-e Lar - panoramio.jpg|Dyvasyab Mineral springs, Dasht-e Lar, Mount Damavand
File:Karaj Chalus road near Asara 1 - panoramio.jpg|Karaj Chalus Road
File:Javarom Park.jpg|alt=Javarom Forest|Javarom Forest Park
File:Mount Damavand - view from Tochal summit, Iran 2017.jpg|alt=Damavand mountain|[[Mount Damavand|Damavand]] Mountain, The West Face, Mazandaran Province, [[Iran]]
File:دریاچه سد لفور.jpg|Alborz Dam Lafoor
File:Forest in mazandaran.jpg|Forest in Mazandaran
File:104440813Master.jpg|[[Arfa Deh]], Mazandaran
File:Afrachal Soleyman Tangeh - Alireza Javaheri 2008.jpg|[[Afrachal, Sari]], Mazandaran
File:990513-Damavand-IMG 4854-2.jpg|[[Mount Damavand|Damavand]] Summit, 5610&nbsp;m, Mazandaran
File:Mazandaran - Tonekabon - 3000 Valley - panoramio.jpg|Se Hezar Valley [[Tonekabon]], Mazandaran
File:Safarood River.jpg|[[Sakht Sar Rural District]], Mazandaran
File:Only under the waterfall.jpg|Darno Velerdeh Waterfall, [[Nowshahr]], Mazandaran
File:آبشار شاهاندشت.jpg|Shahandasht Waterfall
File:کیاسر و زیبایی ها - panoramio.jpg|Kiasar, Mazandaran
File:انرژی موج، ساحل دریای خزر، ساحل محمود آباد 08.jpg|Mahmoudabad Coast, Mazandaran
</gallery>

Ecoregions:
* [[Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests]]
* [[Elburz Range forest steppe]]
The total wood production from these forests is estimated at {{convert|269022|m3|ft3}}. [[Golestan National Park]] and Shastkolateh forest watershed are located in Golestan Province and Mazandaran Province (the total area of the Hyrcanian forest is estimated at {{convert|965000|ha|acre|abbr=on}}. From these forests, {{convert|487195|ha|acre|abbr=on}} are used commercially, {{convert|184000|ha|acre|abbr=on}} are protected and the rest are regarded as forest lands or over-used forests. The total of the forest woods used in this province is estimated at {{convert|770551|m3|ft3}}. The Kojoor, Dohezar and Sehezar forest watersheds are located in Mazandaran Province.
The Elburz Range forest steppe [[ecoregion]] is an arid, mountainous 1,000-kilometer arc south of the [[Caspian Sea]], stretching across northern [[Iran]] from the [[Azerbaijan]] border to near the [[Turkmenistan]] border.  It covers {{convert|63300|km2}} and encompasses the southern and eastern slopes of the [[Alborz]] Mountains as well as their summits. The [[Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests]] ecoregion, with its lush green mountainsides and plains that receive moisture from the Caspian Sea, forms this ecoregion's northern border.  The vast Central Persian desert basin ecoregion forms its southern border. The Alborz range is composed of a [[granite]] core overlain with [[sedimentary rock]] including [[limestone]]s, [[shale]]s, [[sandstone]]s, and [[tuff]]s. [[Metamorphic rock]]s such as [[schist]]s, [[marble]]s, and [[amphibolite]] are also widely found.<ref name="WWF Full">{{WWF ecoregion|id=pa0507|name=Elburz Range forest steppe}}</ref> The climate is arid with annual precipitation varying from 150&nbsp;mm to 500&nbsp;mm, falling mostly as winter snow.

=== Environment ===
The now-extinct [[Caspian tiger]] and the [[Caspian horse]] are two of the animals of Mazandaran province.

The 1971 [[Ramsar Convention]] on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat was held in Mazandaran in the city of [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]].

[[File:Mazandaran Relief Map.png|thumb|upright=1.15|Relief map of Mazandaran area]]
Unlike the rest of Iran, Mazandaran is watered by numerous rivers, or mountain torrents, all running from the mountains to the sea. The German traveller [[Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin]], who visited this country in 1771, says that in the space of eight miles, on the road from Resht to Amot, 250 of such streams are to be seen, many of them being so exceedingly broad and deep, that the passage across is sometimes impracticable for weeks together.

=== Climate ===
[[File:Alborz Mountains1.jpg|thumb|right|Central [[Alborz]] mountain range in Mazandaran Province]]
Mazandaran Province naturally comes under the influence of the geographical latitude, the Alborz mountain range, elevation from sea level, distance from the sea, and the southern barren areas of Turkmenistan, local and regional air currents, and versatile vegetation cover. These conditions result in the climatic division of the province into three types:<ref>{{cite web |title=Mazandaran Province |url=https://www.mazmet.ir/en/mazandaran-province/ |website=mazmet |publisher=Mazandaran Meteorology General Office |access-date=23 March 2024}}</ref><ol> <li> Moderate Caspian climate with hot, humid summers and mild, humid winters.
This climate is found in the western and central plains of the province between the Caspian sea and the foothills the Alborz mountains. Rainfall is significant in this climate zone and is highest in autumn. the annual accumulation decreases from west to east. Frost occasionally occurs during winters.</li>
<li>moderate mountainous climate generally in the altitude between {{convert|1500|to|3000|m}} meters and is characterized by a decrease in both precipitation and monthly temperatures. winters are long, cold and freezing and summers are mild and short. </li> <li> Cold mountainous climate with long freezing winters with long periods of frost and short cool summers. There is often snowfall during most of the seasons in the latter region, which continues till mid-summer. The climate is mainly found at an altitude above {{Convert|3000|m|ft|abbr=on}}, such as the top of [[Mount Damavand]] and [[Alam-Kuh]], where the conditions are suitable for [[mountain glacier]]</li></ol>

== Governance ==
Mazandaran has 9 electoral fields and a total of 12 seats in the [[Islamic Consultative Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iribresearch.ir/entekhabat/danestani/hozehaye_entekhabi.pdf |title=Table of electoral fields of the 9th period of the Islamic consultative assembly |access-date=25 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005143700/http://www.iribresearch.ir/entekhabat/danestani/hozehaye_entekhabi.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2018 |url-status=live |publisher=IRIB research Center}}</ref>

== Transportation ==
[[File:Mazandaran Sevatcow Dowab.jpg|thumb|right|a railway bridge on the Trans Iranian Railroad In [[Savadkuh]]]]

=== Railway ===
{{Iran North Railway Dept.|collapse=y}}
Mazandaran is served by the North Railway Dept. of the [[Iranian Railways]]. The department connects the province to Tehran to the south and [[Gorgan]] to the east. The cities of [[Sari, Iran|Sari]], [[Qaemshahr]], and [[Pol-e Sefid, Mazandaran|Pol-e Sefid]] are major stations of the department.
The [[Trans-Iranian Railway]] was a major railway building project started in 1927 and completed in 1938, under the direction of the Iranian monarch, [[Reza Shah]], and entirely with indigenous capital. It links the capital [[Tehran]] with the [[Persian Gulf]] and [[Caspian Sea]].

The Mazandaran train station is the city's first modern rail station and it dates from the [[Pahlavi dynasty]].

=== Roads ===
Mazandaran is connected to [[Tehran]] by [[Haraz road]] ([[Amol]]-[[Rudehen]]), [[Kandovan road]] ([[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]]-[[Karaj]]), and [[Firoozkooh road]] ([[Savadkuh]]).

=== Airports ===
[[Dasht-e Naz Airport]], serving the capital [[Sari, Iran|Sari]], [[Noshahr Airport]], and [[Ramsar International Airport]] are the domestic airports that connect the province to the other parts of the country.

== Culture ==

=== In literature ===
{{See also|Mazandaran (Shahnameh)}}
[[File:The battle of Mazandaran.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|The Battle history of Mazandaran]]
In the Persian epic, [[Shahnameh]], Mazandaran is mentioned in two different sections. The first mention is implicit, when [[Fereydun]] sets its capital in a city called Tamishe near [[Amol]]:

بیاراست گیتی بسان بهشت.................... به جای گیا سرو گلبن بکشت

از آمل گذر سوی تمیشه کرد .............. نشست اندر آن نامور بیشه کرد

And when [[Manuchehr]] is returning to [[Fereydun]]'s capital, Tamisheh in Mazandaran (known as [[Tabarestan]]), after his victory over [[Salm (Shahnameh)|Salm]] and [[Tur (son of Fereydun)|Tur]].<ref>Shahnameh/Book of Kings by Abu'L Ferdawsi, edited by Jalal Khaleghi-Motlagh {{cite web |url=http://rira.ir/rira/php/?page%3Dview%26mod%3Dclassicpoems%26obj%3Dpoem%26id%3D15367%26lim%3D20%26pageno%3D3 |title=ری‌را |access-date=2008-08-20 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403012846/http://www.rira.ir/rira/php/?page=view&mod=classicpoems&obj=poem&id=15367&lim=20&pageno=3 |archive-date=2014-04-03}}</ref>

In the second section, a region called Mazandaran is mentioned in the [[Kai Kavoos]] era; it is an area which is mostly inhabited by [[Div (Persian mythology)|Div]] (demons). The legendary Iranian [[Shah]] Kaykavoos, as well as the Iranian hero [[Rostam]], each take turn to go to Mazandaran in order to battle the demons.

In a verse from Shahnameh, [[Zal]] tells [[Kai Kavoos]]: "I heard troubling news that the king is planning to go to Mazandaran".

However, this Mazandaran is not considered identical to the modern province of Mazandaran, and is instead a land to the west of Iran.  The current province was simply considered a part of Tabaristan; the name Mazandaran is a later development, perhaps based upon local terminology.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.iranchamber.com/geography/articles/ancient_iran_geographical_position_shahnameh.php |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303184803/http://www.iranchamber.com/geography/articles/ancient_iran_geographical_position_shahnameh.php |url-status=dead |title=Iran Chamber Society: Ancient Iran's Geographical Position in Shah-Nameh |archive-date=March 3, 2016 |website=iranchamber.com}}</ref>

In Gaston Leroux's ''The Phantom of the Opera'', one of the characters was formerly the daroga (chief of police) of Mazanderan.

=== Nowruz ===
The Tabarian New Year, or Neowrez, occurs in the ''pintek'' days of the [[Tabarian Calendar]]. In the [[Mazandarani language]] of Iran in the Mazanderani calendar, the year is divided into 12 thirty-day months and one pentad of days, often beginning on March 21. [[Nowruz Eve among Mazandarani people|Neowrez Khani]] is one of the strongest and most popular traditions of the [[Mazanderani people]].{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

=== Ceremonies and events ===
[[Tirgan]] is a mid-summer Iranian festival, celebrated annually on Tir 13 (July 3, 4, or 5). It is performed by splashing water, dancing, reciting poetry, and serving traditional foods such as spinach soup and shole-zard. The custom of tying rainbow-colored bands on wrists, which are worn for ten days and then thrown into a stream, is also a way to rejoice for children.
Other famous events like, Varf chal, traditional ceremony with almost 800 years old as one of the unique rituals of Mazandaran associated with water was held in the village of Ab Ask and Lochu Wrestling game in different time.

=== Music and dance ===
Music in this region relates to the lifestyle of the inhabitants, and the melodies revolve around issues such as the forests, cultivation or farming activities and herding. The most famous [[Iranian dance|dance]] of this area is the Shomali dance, not forgetting the stick dance that the men perform. [[Popular music]] in the province, known as the Taleb and Zohre, Amiri Khani and Katuli.

=== Cuisine ===
{{See also|Caspian cuisine}}
[[File:Torsh kebab.jpg|thumb|Kebab and Rice]]
The [[Mazandarani cuisine|cuisine of the province]] is very rich in seafood due to its location by the Caspian Sea, and rice is present in virtually every meal. Mazandarani cuisine is diverse between regions; the cuisine of [[Mazandaran Sea|coastal regions]] is different from [[Elborz|mountainous regions]], as people in the [[Alborz]] usually use the indigenous [[herb]]s and coastal people use the dishes of fish and [[Caspian Sea|Caspian]] Mazandaran [[rice]] with [[vegetable]]s.

== Tourism ==
Over 15 million [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] and some 400,000 foreign tourists visit the province annually. More than 800 registered historical and cultural sites, 338 kilometers of [[Coast|shorelines]], [[mineral spring]]s in jungles and mountains, [[waterfall]]s, and [[cave]]s are among the major tourism attractions in the Mazandaran province.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ifpnews.com/exclusive/irans-beauties-in-photos-scenic-village-of-filband/ |title=Iran's Beauties in Photos: Scenic Village of Filband |website=IFPNews.com |date=23 April 2018 |access-date=2018-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423170242/http://ifpnews.com/exclusive/irans-beauties-in-photos-scenic-village-of-filband/ |archive-date=2018-04-23 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/483288/Mazandaran-hosts-10m-Noruz-travelers Mazandaran hosts 10&nbsp;m Noruz travelers]</ref>
Mazandaran has been picked as the tourism capital of Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) members states in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ifpnews.com/mazandaran-named-tourism-capital-of-eco-countries-in-2022/ |title=Mazandaran Named Tourism Capital of ECO Countries in 2022 |website=IFPNews.com |date=6 October 2019 |access-date=2019-10-06}}</ref>
Mazandaran has 65 hotels, 51 motels, 91 apartment hotels, 293 eco-lodge complexes, 4,939 guest houses, 8 recreational complexes, 123 beach facilities, and 12 camping sites, with a total capacity of 1,246,177 people per night.<ref>[https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/481048/Mazandaran-registers-91-million-overnight-stays-in-ten-months Mazandaran registers 91&nbsp;million overnight stays in ten months: official]</ref>

=== Historical and natural tourist attractions ===
{{multiple image
| total_width       = 300
| direction         = horizontal
| align             = right
| perrow            = 2
| image1            = Caspian Sea in Mazandaran.jpg
| caption1          = [[Caspian Sea]] Coast in Mazandaran
| image2            = Lake miansheh.jpg
| caption2          = [[Lake Churat]]
| image3            = Caspian sea in sunset, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran taken by Arashk Rajabpour.JPG
| caption3          = [[Babolsar]] Sea
| image4            = Sangeno.jpg
| caption4          = Sangeno Waterfall in [[Behshahr]]
| image5            = kangelo castle0.jpg
| caption5          = [[Kangelo Castle]] in [[Savadkuh]]
| image6            = Derah111.JPG
| caption6          = Gorji Mahaleh Jungle
| image7            = غار هوتو - دهانه پایین و بالا.jpg
| caption7          = [[Huto and Kamarband Caves]] Behshahr
| image8            = Poulad castle Baladeh Mazandaran Iran.jpg
| caption8          = Castle Poolad [[Baladeh, Mazandaran|Baladeh]] [[Nur County|Nur]]
| image9            = Tomb Mausoleum Mir sayyed Heydar Amuli (Seyyed 3 tan)fakhrul islam and rukn al din Amuli.JPG
| caption9          = [[Haydar Amuli]] (Seyyed Se Tan) Tomb Tower in [[Amol]]
| image10           = برج لاجیم.jpg
| caption10         = Lajim Tower in [[Savadkuh]]
| image11           = برج رسکت خشتی میان جنگل.jpg
| caption11         = Restek tower in [[Dodangeh District]] [[Sari]]
| image12           = Babol museum.jpg
| caption12         = [[Babol]] Museum
| image13           = Amol moalagh(Felezi) bridge.jpg
| caption13         = Moalagh Bridge in [[Amol]]
| image14           = Shahrak-e Namak Abrud (4).jpg
| caption14         = [[Namak Abrood]] Tourist resort
| image15           = چشمه عمارت (1).jpg
| caption15         = Cheshmeh Emarat in Behshahr
| image16           = Kolbadi house.jpg
| caption16         = Kolbadi House in [[Sari]]
| image17           = Ghost Lake 01.jpg
| caption17         = Ghost Lake in [[Nowshahr]]
| image18           = Div-Asiab-Mazandaran.jpg
| caption18         = Div Asiyab Spring in [[Larijan District|Larijan]]
| image19           = سنگنگاره دوره ناصرالدين شاه - panoramio.jpg
| caption19         = [[Nassereddin Shah relief]] in [[Amol]]
| image20           = منزل-نیما.jpg
| caption20         = Nima Yushij House in Yush Nour
| image21           = Hasal Marsh (13970824000420636778855101696456 32919).jpg
| caption21         = Hasal Marsh in [[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]]
| image22           = Alimastan22.jpg
| caption22         = [[Alimestan]] in Amol
| image23           = Trans-Iranian Railway and Road Tehran - Safi (29107860118) (cropped).jpg
| caption23         = Spahbed Xurshid Cave in Savadkuh
| image24           = Casino Boulevard 2019-11-05.jpg
| caption24         = Casino Boulevard in [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]]
}}

{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Mount Damavand]]
* [[Abbas Abad Garden]], Behshahr
* [[Mausoleum of Mir Bozorg]]
* [[Kandolus]]<ref name="irib">{{cite web |title=جاذبه های گردشگری مازندران insulation |publisher=irib |url=http://www.iribnews.ir/fa/news/2380046/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=2019-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190723071513/http://www.iribnews.ir/fa/news/2380046/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |archive-date=2019-07-23 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Largan, Nowshahr|largan]]<ref name="irib" />
* [[Tomb of Haydar Amuli]]
* Safi Abad Palace
* [[Ramsar Palace]]
* Malek Bahman Castle
* [[Lajim Tower]], Savadkuh
* [[Miankaleh peninsula]]
* [[Veresk Bridge]]
* Castle Poolad Baladeh
* [[Davazdah Cheshmeh]] Bridge
* [[Moalagh Bridge]], Amol
* Shapour Bridge, Juybar
* Bathroom Vaziri, Sari
* Tomb Darvish Fakhruddin Babol
* History Museum Amol
* Museum of Babol
* [[Larijan Hot Spring]]
* Shah Neshin Castle
* Lake Valasht
* [[Gerdkooh ancient hill]]
* Gohar Tapeh
* [[Lar Dam]]
* [[Alam-Kuh]]
* [[Lar National Park]]
* [[Badab-e Surt]]
* Tomb of Imamzadeh Abbas
* Kandolus Museum Nowshahr
* [[Fire Temple of Amol]]
* [[Farahabad, Mazandaran|Farahabad]] Complex
* Safi Abad Palace
* Bagh Shah, Behshahr
* Imamzadeh Ebrahim Amol
* Imamzadeh Ebrahim Babolsar
* Imamzadeh Yahya Sari
* Imamzadeh Qasem Babol
* See Sangan Jungle
* [[Alendan lake]]
* Watch Tower Babol
* Abpari Waterfall
* Cave Zangian Qaemshahr
* Alimastan Village
* Cheshmeh Kileh Bridge, Tonekabon
* [[Shahrak-e Namak Abrud]]
* [[Huto and Kamarband Caves]]
* Cemetery Sefid Chah
* Cheshmeh Kileh Bridge Tonekabon
* Resket Tower
* Shapur Place, Babol
* Waterfall Tircan
* [[Nassereddin Shah relief]]
* [[Jameh Mosque of Amol]]
* Jameh Mosque of Sari
* [[Elburz Range forest steppe]]
* Bridge Felezi of Babolsar
* Imam Hassan Askari Mosque
* Chai Khoran Palace, Chalus
* Lake Miansheh
* Forest Park Nur
* Clock tower Sari
* [[Haraz River]]
* [[Gerdkooh ancient hill]]
* [[Mount Takht-e Suleyman]]
* Waterfall Sangeno
* Heshtel Towers
* Amoloo Mineral Water Spring
* Harijan Village Chalus
* Tamishan Palace Noor
* Div Sefid Cave
* Cemetery Ispe Chah
* Alasht Village
* Cemetery Ispe Chah
* Zangian Cave
* Cheshmeh Imarat Behshar
* Mohammad Hassan Khan Bridge, Babol
* Haft Abshar Waterfall, Babol
* Hill Qlaya Ghale Kety
* Bathroom Vaziri, Sari
* House Kalbadi, Sari
* House Manouchehri, Amol
* Palace of Shapur
* Temple Kowsan
* Cave rostam Kola
* Garden Chehelsotoon
* Mansion Municipal Tonekabon
* [[Kangelo Castle]], [[Savadkuh]]
* Tower Shervin Bavand
* Church sourkh Abad
* Watchtower of Babol
* Tomb Shah baloo zahid Amuli
* Heshtel Tower
* Mosque Jameh of Babol
* Mosque Mohadesin
* Tomb of Ibn-e Shahr Ashoob
* Imamzadeh Sayyid Ali kia Sultan
* Tomb of Seyed Mohammad Zarrin Nava
* Herijan Waterfall
* Deryouk Waterfall
* Espe-o Waterfall
* Kiasar Waterfall
* Takieh Taker
* Tower Shervin Bavand
* Lake Sahon
* Mohaddesin Mosque of Babol
* Tomb [[Soltan Mohammad-e Taher]]
* Tomb of Ibn Shahrashub
* Forest Park Chaldareh
* Forest Park Shahid Zare
* Forest Park Mirza Kuchik Khan Haraz
* Forst Park Kashpel
* Javarem Forest park
* Tamishan Palace
* Div Sefid Cave
* Marko Summit
* Forst Park Dalkhani
* Do hezar Village
* Abe ask Village
* Shahrak-e Darya Kenar
* Lavij Village
* Sheikh Musa Village
* Forest Sange no, Neka
* Amoloo mineral water Springs
* Ramsar mineral water Springs
* Pahlavi Hotel Qaem Shahr
* Band-e Borideh River
* Bazaar of Amol
* [[Ramsar Palace]]
* Ramsar Parsian Hotel
* Clock Tower of Sari
* Waterfall Sangeno
* Cellar Kafer Keli
* Imamzadeh Hashem Amol
* [[Shahandasht Waterfall]]
* [[Shur Mast|Shoormast]] Lake, Savadkuh
* Figure King Haraz
* [[Kelardasht]]
* Ramedani Historical House, Sari
* Estakhr-e-Posht Lake
* Paband National Park
* Mal Khast Village
* Kiasar National Park
* Heyrat Village
* Sarandoon and Balandoon
{{colend}}

== Notable people ==
{{multiple image
<!-- Essential parameters -->
| perrow = 4
| total_width = 300
| align = right
| caption_align = center
| direction = horizontal
| header = 
| image1 = Reza Shah Pahlavi Offical Portrait - Colorized-1.jpg
| alt1 = Reza Shah
| caption1 = [[Reza Shah]]
| width1 = 550
| image2 = Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (cropped).png
| alt2 = Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
| caption2 = [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]
| width2 = 338
| image3 = Sadegh Hedayat colorized.jpg
| alt3 = Sadegh Hedayat
| caption3 = [[Sadegh Hedayat]]
| width3 = 340
| image4 = Mirhayder3.jpg
| alt4 = Haydar Amuli
| caption4 = [[Haydar Amuli]]
| width4 = 380
| image5 = Gh-banan.jpg
| alt5 = Gholam-Hossein Banan
| caption5 = [[Gholam-Hossein Banan]]
| width5 = 337
| image7 = NimaYushijHadi2.jpg
| alt7 = Nima Yooshij
| caption7 = [[Nima Yooshij]]
| width7 = 303
| image8 = Imam-Ali Habibi.png
| alt8 = Emam-Ali Habibi
| caption8 = [[Emam-Ali Habibi]]
| width8 = 303
| image10 = Ali Akbar Nateq Nouri 2987550.jpg
| alt10 = Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri
| caption10 = [[Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri]]
| width10 = 303
| image11 = Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni.jpg
| alt11 = Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni
| caption11 = [[Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni]]
| width11 = 303
| image12 = Hassan Yazdani 2018 Asian Games.jpg
| alt12 = Hassan Yazdani
| caption12 = [[Hassan Yazdani]]
| width12 = 100
| image13 = Ali Larijani at the Former Parliament of Iran Building 24.08.2016.jpg
| alt13 = Ali Larijani
| caption13 = [[Ali Larijani]]
| width13 = 100
| image14 = NakhaiPortrait.JPG
| alt14 = Hossein Ghods-Nakhai
| caption14 = [[Hossein Ghods-Nakhai]]
| width14 = 100
| image15 = Farhad Majidi, Esteghlal-Duhail press conference 20190505 2.jpg
| alt15 = Farhad Majidi
| caption15 = [[Farhad Majidi]]
| width15 = 100
| image16 = Behdad Salimi Rio16.jpg
| alt16 = Behdad Salimi
| caption16 = [[Behdad Salimi]]
| width16 = 300
| image17 = Abdollah Movahed.png
| alt17 = Abdollah Movahed
| caption17 = [[Abdollah Movahed]]
| width17 = 300
| image18 = 2018 FIFA World Cup Group B march IRN-MAR 5.jpg
| alt18 = Omid Ebrahimi
| caption18 = [[Omid Ebrahimi]]
| width18 = 300
| image19 = Bahá'u'lláh (Mírzá Ḥusayn-`Alí Núrí) in 1868.jpg
| alt19 = Baháʼu'lláh
| caption19 = [[Baháʼu'lláh]]
| width19 = 300
| image20 = Sheikh Fazlollah Noori.jpg
| alt20 = Fazlullah Nouri
| caption20 = [[Fazlullah Nouri]]
| width20 = 300
| image21 = AliAkbar Davar Justice Minister 1306.jpg
| alt21 = Ali-Akbar Davar
| caption21 = [[Ali-Akbar Davar]]
| width21 = 300
| image22 = Hassan Hasanzadeh Amoli02 (1).jpg
| alt22 = Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli
| caption22 = [[Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli]]
| width22 = 300
| image23 = Tdpajouh.jpg
| alt23 = Mohammad Taqi Danesh Pajouh
| caption23 = [[Mohammad Taqi Danesh Pajouh]]
| width23 = 300
| image24 = Parviz Natel-Khanlari.jpg
| alt24 = Parviz Natel-Khanlari
| caption24 = [[Parviz Natel-Khanlari]]
| width24 = 300
| image25 = Manochehr Sotoudeh.jpg
| alt25 = Manochehr Sotoudeh
| caption25 = [[Manouchehr Sotoudeh]]
| width25 = 300
| image26 = Portrait of Hassan Esfandiary by Jafar Chehrenegar.jpg
| alt26 = Hassan Esfandiari
| caption26 = [[Hassan Esfandiari]]
| width26 = 300
| image27 = Esfandiar Mashaei.jpg
| alt27 = Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei
| caption27 = [[Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei]]
| width27 = 300
| image28 = Portrait of Abolhassan Sadighi.jpg
| alt28 = Abolhassan Sadighi
| caption28 = [[Abolhassan Sadighi]]
| width28 = 300
| image29 = A Portrait of The Crown Prince Abbas Mirza, Signed L. Herr, Dated (1)833.jpg
| alt29 = Abbas Mirza
| caption29 = [[Abbas Mirza]]
| width29 = 300
| image30 = Mesue. Watercolour. Wellcome V0006562.jpg
| alt30 = Abu Sahl Wayjan ibn Rustam al-Quhi
| caption30 = [[Abu Sahl Wayjan ibn Rustam al-Quhi|Abu Sahl al-Quhi]]
| width30 = 300
| image31 = The Guiding Creed by Ibn Tumart.jpg
| alt31 = Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
| caption31 = [[Fakhr al-Din al-Razi]]
| width31 = 300
| image32 = Alireza Firouzja in 2024 (cropped).jpg
| alt32 = Alireza Firouzja
| caption32 = [[Alireza Firouzja]]
| width32 = 300
| image33 = Delkesh.jpg
| alt33 = Delkesh
| caption33 = [[Delkash]]
| width33 = 300
| image34 = Mehdi Qoli Hedayat.jpg
| alt34 = Mehdi Qoli Hedayat
| caption34 = [[Mehdi Qoli Hedayat]]
| width34 = 300
| image35 = مصطفی زمانی.jpg
| alt35 = Mostafa Zamani
| caption35 = [[Mostafa Zamani]]
| width35 = 300
| image36 = Khosro Sinaei 1 (cropped).jpg
| alt36 = Khosrow Sinai
| caption36 = [[Khosrow Sinai]]
| width36 = 300
| image37 = Shahab Hosseini in The Salesman's press conference in Tehran.jpg
| alt37 = Shahab Hosseini
| caption37 = [[Shahab Hosseini]]
| width37 = 300
| image38 = Parinaz Izadyar at 34th Fajr (cropped).jpg
| alt38 = Parinaz Izadyar
| caption38 = [[Parinaz Izadyar]]
| width38 = 300
| image39 = Allahyar Sayyadmanesh 2018 2.jpg
| alt39 = Allahyar Sayyadmanesh
| caption39 = [[Allahyar Sayyadmanesh]]
| width39 = 300
| image40 = IRN-JPN 20190128 Bolourian 3.jpg
| alt40 = Ramin Rezaeian
| caption40 = [[Ramin Rezaeian]]
| width40 = 300
| image41 = Farshid Moussavi.jpg
| alt41 = Farshid Moussavi
| caption41 = [[Farshid Moussavi]]
| width41 = 300
| image42 = Princesa Ashraff al Mulouk de Persia.jpg
| alt42 = Ashraf Pahlavi
| caption42 = [[Ashraf Pahlavi]]
| width42 = 300
| image43 = Shervin Hajipour.jpg
| alt43 = Shervin Hajipour
| caption43 = [[Shervin Hajipour]]
| width43 = 300
| image44 = Parissa (aka Parisa), Persian Classical Vocalist (Singer) and Persian Vocal Music Master.jpg
| alt44 = Parisa
| caption44 = [[Parisa]]
| width44 = 300
| image45 = Farhang Sharif.jpg
| alt45 = Farhang Sharif
| caption45 = [[Farhang Sharif]]
| width45 = 300
| image46 = Davoud Rashidi 2.jpg
| alt46 = Davoud Rashidi
| caption46 = [[Davoud Rashidi]]
| width46 = 300
| image47 = PrincessShamsPahlavi.jpg
| alt47 = Shams Pahlavi
| caption47 = [[Shams Pahlavi]]
| width47 = 300
| image48 = رضا‌قلی خان هدایت.png
| alt48 = Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat
| caption48 = [[Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat]]
| width48 = 300
| image49 = Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh.jpg
| alt49 = Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh
| caption49 = [[Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh]]
| width49 = 300
| image50 = Hoseingholi Khan Nuri.jpg
| alt50 = Haji Washington
| caption50 = [[Haji Washington|Hossein-Gholi Khan Noori]]
| width50 = 300
| image51 = Rahman Rezaei 1399062015571652821180604.jpg
| alt51 = Rahman Rezaei
| caption51 = [[Rahman Rezaei]]
| width51 = 300
| image52 = 8 MORTEZA POURALIGANJI IRN 02.jpg
| alt52 = Morteza Pouraliganji
| caption52 = [[Morteza Pouraliganji]]
| width52 = 300
| image53 = Wrestling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Amir Hossein Zare (18) (cropped).jpg
| alt53 = Amir Hossein Zare
| caption53 = [[Amir Hossein Zare]]
| width53 = 300
| image54 = Ghasem Rezaei at the 2016 Summer Olympics.jpg
| alt54 = Ghasem Rezaei
| caption54 = [[Ghasem Rezaei]]
| width54 = 300
| image55 = Reza Khaleghifar.jpg
| alt55 = Reza Khaleghifar
| caption55 = [[Reza Khaleghifar]]
| width55 = 303
| image56 = Mohammad Aghajanpour.jpg
| alt56 = Mohammad Aghajanpour
| caption56 = [[Mohammad Aghajanpour]]
| width56 = 303
| image57 = Norouzi celebrating his goal.jpg
| alt57 = Hadi Norouzi
| caption57 = [[Hadi Norouzi]]
| width57 = 303
| image58 = Bashir Babajanzadeh Rio 2016.jpg
| alt58 = Bashir Babajanzadeh
| caption58 = [[Bashir Babajanzadeh]]
| width58 = 303
}}
People from and/or active in Mazandaran Province or its historical region include:

=== Authors ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari]] (838-923), was a [[Mazanderani people|Tabari]] world historian and [[theologian]] (the most famous and widely influential person called al-Tabari).
* Espahbod Sa'ad ad-Din Varavini<ref name="ESF">AN ABRIDGED TRANSLATION OF THE HISTORY OF ṬABARISTÁN BY MUHAMMAD B. AL-ḤASAN B. ISFANDIYÁR</ref> who wrote the book called [[Marzubannama|Marzuban-nama]], and also a Divan of poetry in the Ṭabarí dialect, known as the Níkí-nama.
* [[Ibn Isfandiyar]], historian, author of a history of Tabaristan (''Tarikh-i Tabaristan'').
* [[Mírzá Asadu’llah Fádil Mázandarání]] (1880–1957), Iranian Bahá'í scholar.
* [[Musa ibn Khalil Mazandarani]], 19th century Mazandarani scribe and scholar.
* [[Zahir al-Din Mar'ashi]]
* [[Manouchehr Sotoudeh]]
* [[Parviz Natel-Khanlari]]
* [[Ali Yachkaschi]]
{{colend}}

==== Poetry ====
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Nima Youshij]]
* [[Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat]]
* [[Mohammad Zohari]]
* [[Amir Pazevari]]
* [[Taleb Amoli]]
* [[Mina Assadi]]
* [[Seyed Karim Amiri Firuzkuhi]]
* [[Fereydoun Rahnema]]
* [[Mohsen Emadi]]
{{colend}}

=== Music ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Gholam Hossein Banan]]
* [[Benyamin Bahadori]]
* [[Abdolhossein Mokhtabad]]
* [[Delkash]]
* [[Bijan Mortazavi]]
* [[Afshin]]
* [[Benyamin Bahadori]]
* [[Farhang Sharif]]
* [[Parisa]]
* [[Simin Ghanem]]
* [[Majid Akhshabi]]
* [[Mehdi Rajabian]]
* [[Shervin Hajipour]]
{{colend}}

=== Architecture ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Omar Tiberiades]] (Abû Hafs 'Umar ibn al-Farrukhân al-Tabarî Amoli) (d.{{circa|815}}), [[Persian people|Persian]] astrologer and architect.
* [[Abolhassan Sadighi]]
{{colend}}

=== Cinema ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Shahab Hosseini]]
* [[Davoud Rashidi]]
* [[Khosrow Sinai]]
* [[Kambiz Dirbaz]]
* [[Ladan Mostofi]]
* [[Mostafa Zamani]]
* [[Mohammad Ali Sadjadi]]
* [[Anahita Hemmati]]
* [[Roya Nonahali]]
* [[Irene Zazians]]
* [[Reza Allamehzadeh]]
* [[Abbas Amiri Moghaddam]]
* [[Saba Kamali]]
* [[Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian]]
* [[Ardalan Shoja Kaveh]]
* [[Parinaz Izadyar]]
* [[Maryam Kavyani]]
* [[Leyli Rashidi]]
* [[Zinat Pirzadeh]]
* [[Hossein Rajabian]]
{{colend}}

=== Portraiture ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Mokarrameh Ghanbari]]
* [[Kourosh Sotoodeh]]
* [[Towhidi Tabari]]
* [[Abolhassan Sadighi]]
{{colend}}

=== Scholars ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Sadegh Hedayat]]
* [[Mohammad Taqi Danesh Pajouh]]
* [[Ahmad Ghahreman]]
* [[Ali Yachkaschi]]
{{colend}}

=== History ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Arash]]
* [[Mardavij]]
{{colend}}

=== Science ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari]] His stature was eclipsed by his more famous pupil, [[Muhammad ibn Zakarīya Rāzi]].
* [[Abul Hasan al-Tabari]], a 10th-century Iranian physician.
* Abu'l Tayyeb Tabari<ref name="EIR">Encyclopedia Iranica http://www.iranica.com/newsite/index.isc {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081217012221/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/index.isc |date=2008-12-17 }}</ref> was jurisconsult, judge (qāżī), and professor of legal sciences; he was regarded by his contemporaries as one of the leading Shafeʿites of 5th/11th century Baghdad.
* [[Ali Yachkaschi]]
* [[Moslem Bahadori]]<ref>{{cite web |title=معرفی نخبگان بومی استان مازندران - دکتر مسلم بهادری |url=https://mazandaran.bmn.ir/دکتر-مسلم-بهادری}}</ref>
* [[Iraj Malekpour]]<ref>{{cite web |title=دکتر ایرج ملک پور |url=https://mazandaran.bmn.ir/دکتر-ایرج-ملک-پور |website=mazandaran.bmn.ir |language=fa}}</ref>
* [[Alireza Mashaghi]]<ref>{{cite web |title=دکتر علیرضا مشاقی طبری - نخبگان بومی استان مازندران |url=https://mazandaran.bmn.ir/دکتر-علیرضا-مشاقی-طبری |website=mazandaran.bmn.ir |language=fa}}</ref>
* [[Pooran Farrokhzad]]
* [[Shahrokh Meskoob]]
* [[Al-Tabarani]]
{{colend}}

=== Philosophy ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Fakhr al-Din al-Razi]], theologian and philosopher
* [[Farhad Rachidi]]
{{colend}}

=== Physicians and astrologers ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Muhammad ibn Mahmud Amuli]]
* [[Abū Sahl al-Qūhī]]
* [[Al-Nagawri]]
* [[Sahl ibn Bishr]]
* [[Yahya ibn Abi Mansur]]
* [[Al-Nagawri]]
* [[Tunakabuni]]
* [[Al-Natili]]
* [[Haseb-i Tabari]]
{{colend}}

=== Athletics ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Abdollah Movahed]]
* [[Imam-Ali Habibi]]
* [[Behdad Salimi]]
* [[Ghasem Rezaei]]
* [[Hassan Rangraz]]
* [[Reza Yazdani]]
* [[Hassan Yazdani]]
* [[Reza Soukhteh-Saraei]]
* [[Askari Mohammadian]]
* [[Mehdi Taghavi]]
* [[Komeil Ghasemi]]
* [[Morad Mohammadi]]
* [[Ahmad Mohammadi]]
* [[Mehdi Hajizadeh]]
* [[Masoud Esmaeilpour]]
* [[Ezzatollah Akbari]]
* [[Ali Asghar Bazri]]
* [[Bashir Babajanzadeh]]
* [[Kamran Ghasempour]]
* [[Mohammad Reza Khalatbari (footballer, born 1983)|Mohammad Reza Khalatbari]]
* [[Farhad Majidi]]
* [[Rahman Rezaei]]
* [[Mehrdad Oladi]]
* [[Mohsen Bengar]]
* [[Peiman Hosseini]]
* [[Rahman Ahmadi]]
* [[Hossein Tavakkoli]]
* [[Hanif Omranzadeh]]
* [[Hadi Norouzi]]
* [[Adel Gholami]]
* [[Alireza Firouzja]]
* [[Mojtaba Mirzajanpour]]
* [[Sheys Rezaei]]
* [[Morteza Pouraliganji]]
* [[Mojtaba Abedini]]
* [[Sohrab Entezari]]
* [[Farshid Talebi]]
* [[Mousa Nabipour]]
* [[Shahab Gordan]]
* [[Noshad Alamiyan]]
* [[Sousan Hajipour]]
* [[Mahmoud Fekri]]
* [[Peyman Hosseini]]
* [[Ramin Rezaeian]]
* [[Bahador Molaei]]
* [[Maysam Baou]]
* [[Omid Ebrahimi]]
* [[Morteza Mehrzad]]
* [[Shoja' Khalilzadeh|Shoja Khalilzadeh]]
* [[Omid Alishah]]
* [[Hamed Kavianpour]]
* [[Abbas Hajkenari]]
* [[Kianoush Rahmati]]
* [[Ebrahim Taghipour]]
* [[Mohsen Yousefi (footballer, born 1984)|Mohsen Yousefi]]
* [[Javad Asghari Moghaddam]]
* [[Manouchehr Boroumand]]
* [[Jasem Delavari]]
* [[Behnam Ehsanpour]]
* [[Mehrdad Pooladi]]
* [[Majid Torkan]]
* [[Mohsen Karimi]]
* [[Hamed Kavianpour]]
* [[Farzan Ashourzadeh]]
* [[Ahmad Mohammadi]]
* [[Ali Alipour]]
* [[Javad Manafi]]
* [[Nima Alamian]]
* [[Mohammad Reza Barari]]
* [[Ramezan Kheder]]
* [[Abbas Dabbaghi]]
* [[Reza Simkhah]]
* [[Hassan Rahnavardi]]
* [[Babak Nourzad]]
* [[Ali Asghar Bazri]]
* [[Sousan Hajipour]]
* [[Anoushiravan Nourian]]
* [[Farshid Talebi]]
* [[Allahyar Sayyadmanesh]]
* [[Ahmad Mohammadi]]
* [[Mohsen Karimi]]
{{colend}}

=== Royalty ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Reza Shah Pahlavi]]
* [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]]
* [[Dowlatshah]]
* [[Khayr al-Nisa Begum]]
* [[Khurshid of Tabaristan]]
* [[Abbas the Great]]
* [[Shams Pahlavi]]
* [[Shahnaz Pahlavi]]
* [[Leila Pahlavi]]
* [[Ashraf Pahlavi]]
* [[Farahnaz Pahlavi]]
* [[Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran|Reza Pahlavi]]
* [[Gholam Reza Pahlavi]]
* [[Abdul Reza Pahlavi]]
{{colend}}

=== Military ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Abbas Mirza]]
* [[Ahmad Keshvari]]
* [[Manouchehr Khosrodad]]
* [[Al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad]]
* [[Sardar Rafie Yanehsari]]
* [[Mohammad Rouyanian]]
* [[Iskandar-i Shaykhi]]
* [[Hossein Khalatbari]]
* [[Bahram Aryana]]
* [[Ahmad Keshvari]]
* [[Massoud Monfared Niyaki]]
* [[Jahangir IV]]
{{colend}}

=== Politics ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Ali Larijani]]
* [[Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni]]
* [[Manuchehr Mottaki]]
* [[Ehsan Tabari]]
* [[Majid Rahnema]]
* [[Hossein Ghods-Nakhai]]
* [[Noureddin Kianouri]]
* [[Ali-Akbar Davar]]
* [[Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei]]
* [[Reza Salehi Amiri]]
* [[Hamid Reza Chitgar]]
* [[Sadeq Larijani]]
* [[Mohammad-Javad Larijani]]
* [[Bagher Larijani]]
* [[Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri]]
* [[Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri]]
* [[Morteza Gholi Khan Hedayat]]
* [[Ahmad Tavakoli]]
* [[Davoud Hermidas-Bavand]]
* [[Sam Dastyari]]
* [[Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat]]
* [[Hossein Rajabian]]
* [[Ali Kordan]]
* [[Ahmad Moshir al-Saltaneh]]
* [[Elaheh Koulaei]]
* [[Syyed Abdul Karim Hashemi Nejad|Abdul Karim Hashemi Nejad]]
* [[Reza Sheykholeslam]]
* [[Shamseddin Hosseini]]
* [[Hassan Ghashghavi]]
* [[Mirza Shafi Mazandarani]]
* [[Gholam Hossein Sadighi]]
* [[Mirza Hassan Khan Esfandiary]]
* [[Davoud Hermidas-Bavand]]
* [[Haji Washington]]
* [[Hossein Dadgar]]
* [[Mirza Hassan Khan Esfandiary]]
* [[Morteza Gholi Khan Hedayat]]
* [[Mehdi Qoli Hedayat]]
* [[Abdol-samad Mirza Ezz ed-Dowleh Saloor]]
* [[Mehdi Qoli Hedayat]]
* [[Hossein Shah-Hosseini]]
* [[Fazel Larijani]]
* [[Musa Nuri Esfandiari]]
* [[Farhad Dejpasand]]
* [[Javad Saeed]]
* [[Mirza Shafi Mazandarani]]
{{colend}}

=== Christianity ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Hossein Fallah Noshirvani]]
{{colend}}

=== Islamic scholars ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli]]
* [[Abdollah Javadi-Amoli]]
* [[Hashem Amoli|Mirza Hashem Amoli]]
* [[Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani]]
* [[Muhammad Taqi Amoli]]
* [[Haydar Amuli]]
* [[Ibn Furak]]
* [[Ali Asghar Mazandarani]]
* [[Mirza Husain Noori Tabarsi]]
* [[Mohammad Taghi Falsafi]]
* [[Ibn Shahr Ashub]]
* [[Shaykh Tabarsi]]
* [[Abul-Abbas Qassab Amoli]]
* [[Yasubedin Rastegar Jooybari]]
* [[Mulla Ali Kani]]
* [[Yasubedin Rastegar Jooybari]]
* [[Mohammad Salih al-Mazandarani]]
* [[Ibn al-Sheikh]]
{{colend}}

=== Other religions ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Baháʼu'lláh]]- The founder of the [[Baháʼí Faith]] was born and grew up in Nur, Mazandaran
* [[Mírzá ʻAbbás Núrí]] – father of Baháʼu'lláh
* [[ʻAbdu'l-Bahá]] – son of Baháʼu'lláh
* [[Daniel al-Kumisi]]
* [[Quddús]]
* [[Subh-i-Azal]]
{{colend}}

=== Master ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Mansory|Kourosh Mansory]]
* [[Gholam-Ali Soleimani]]
* [[Farshid Moussavi]]
* [[Behdad Esfahbod]]
* [[Hossein Fallah Noshirvani]]
{{colend}}

=== Medical ===
{{colbegin|colwidth=18em}}
* [[Moslem Bahadori]]
{{colend}}

== Mazandaran today ==
Mazandaran is a fast-growing centre for tourism, innovation, biotechnology, and civil engineering.

=== Economy ===
[[File:Caviar on Black (4317534324).jpg|upright=0.8|thumb|Caviar]]
The province is one of the 5 wealthiest in Iran. Oil wealth has stimulated industries in food processing, cement, textiles, cotton, and fishing (caviar). Iran's Cultural Heritage Organization lists close to 630 sites of historical and cultural significance, many of which are tourist attractions. [[Rice]], [[cereal|grain]], [[fruit]]s, [[cotton]], [[tea]], [[tobacco]], [[sugarcane]], [[Flower]], [[Mineral water]], [[caviar]], [[Dairy product]], [[Meat industry]] and [[silk]] are produced in the lowland strip along the Caspian shore. [[Petroleum|Oil]] wealth has stimulated industries in food processing, cement, [[textiles]], [[cotton]], and [[fishing]] ([[caviar]]).
Mazandaran, with 230,000 hectares of paddies, produces about one million tonnes of rice a year, or 42 percent of the country's total.<ref>[https://financialtribune.com/articles/domestic-economy/117572/mazandaran-exports-register-growth Mazandaran Exports Register Growth]</ref>

Over 70 kinds of agricultural produce are grown in Mazandaran which meets 40% of domestic demand for rice and 50% of citrus fruits. The province is also the sole domestic supplier of kiwi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/economy-domestic-economy/51971/mazandaran-citrus-exports-to-reach-20000-tons |title=Mazandaran Citrus Exports to Reach 20,000 Tons |date=October 22, 2016 |website=Financial Tribune}}</ref> Mazandaran has 3,500 industrial and production units. Mazandaran is home to 460,000 hectares of farmland producing around 6 million tons of agro products annually. Over 10% of value-added in Iran's agriculture sector is generated in Mazandaran province.<ref>[https://financialtribune.com/articles/domestic-economy/101191/russian-delegation-visits-mazandaran Russian Delegation Visits Mazandaran]</ref>

The [[textile industry]] included 212 large and small industrial units operating in the province in 1995. These include the Mazandaran's nassaji company, based in Qaemshahr, the Chitsazi factory of Behshahr, the Gooni bafi of Mahmudabad, and the Chukha factory of Sari.<ref name="Industry1990s">{{cite news |title=A look at the state of textile industries in Mazandaran |url=https://www.irna.ir/news/6998931/%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B9-%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AC%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |access-date=3 April 2024 |agency=IRNA |publisher=The Islamic republic news agency |date=30 October 1995 |language=Persian}}</ref> Some of these industrial units are no longer active because of issues happened after being transferred to the private sector in 1990s and 2000s.<ref name="gooni bafi">{{cite news |title=Mahmoud Abad sack weaving factory is being completely destroyed |url=https://www.shomalnews.com/view/148626/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84/ |access-date=14 April 2024 |work=Shomal news |agency=North of Iran News Agancy |date=27 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="Chokha">{{cite news |title=he workers of Chokha sari textile company are facing many livelihood problems |url=https://irna.ir/x3bSzg |access-date=14 April 2024 |agency=IRNA |publisher=The Islamic republic news agency |date=25 May 2002 |language=Persian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Chief Justice: Behshahr Chit Factory's bankruptcy order was issued |url=https://www.irna.ir/news/6657413/%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%85-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%AF%DB%8C-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1-%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D8%AF |website=Irna |publisher=The Islamic republic news agency |access-date=3 April 2024 |language=Persian |date=7 December 2006}}</ref>

=== Export ===
[[Germany]], [[Russia]], [[Iraq]], [[France]] [[Turkey]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[India]], [[Malaysia]], [[United Arab Emirates]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Belarus]], [[Italy]], [[Bahrain]], [[Pakistan]], [[Switzerland]] [[Ukraine]], [[United States]], [[Spain]], [[Netherlands]] and [[Central Asian]] countries were Mazandaran's main export destinations during the period. The province in 2017 exported close to $800&nbsp;million worth of goods. In the previous year totally about 800 million dollars of non-oil goods produced in Mazandaran were exported, half of which were exported from customs outside the province.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://theiranproject.com/blog/2018/08/16/mazandaran-non-oil-export-rises-14/ |title=Mazandaran non-oil export rises 14% |date=16 August 2018 |access-date=2018-10-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031133048/https://theiranproject.com/blog/2018/08/16/mazandaran-non-oil-export-rises-14/ |archive-date=2018-10-31 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017 year main exports from the province consisted of dairy products (57%), food products (12%), industrial commodities (10%), pipes and profiles (8%) and cement (7%).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/economy-domestic-economy/20303/mazandaran-customs-revenues-up |title=Mazandaran Customs Revenues Up |date=July 1, 2015 |website=Financial Tribune}}</ref>

=== Gas and oil ===
From 1951 to 1978, and particularly after the formation of [[National Iranian Oil Company]] (NIOC), the first exploration well was spudded. Up to 1970, 16 wells had been drilled near mud volcanoes. All these wells produced only natural gas and technical studies showed that continuation of these operations would be uneconomical.
10 thousand tons export oil and Uncertain amount of gas exported to Asian countries from Mazandaran.

=== Statistics ===
* 9th rank industrial units Iran
* 5th rank general industry Iran
* 4th rank tooling machines Iran
* 2nd rank coal Iran
* 1st rank livestock and agricultural products Iran
* 1st rank granite Iran
* 1st rank fluorine Iran
* 1st rank flowers and ornamental plants Iran
* 1st rank citrus exports Iran
* 1st rank food products exports Iran

=== Colleges and universities ===
[[File:Faculty law and political science.jpg|thumb|University of Mazandaran]]
Main universities of Mazandaran:
* [[University of Mazandaran]], [[Babolsar]]
* [[Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences]], [[Sari, Iran|Sari]]
* [[Babol Noshirvani University of Technology]], [[Babol]]
* [[Babol University of Medical Sciences]], [[Babol]]
* [[Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University]], [[Sari, Iran|Sari]]
* [[Shomal University]], [[Amol]]
* [[Allameh Mohaddes Nouri University]], [[Nur, Iran|Nur]]
* [[Imam Khomeini Naval University of Noshahr|Imam Khomeini Naval University]], [[Nowshahr]]
* [[University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran]], [[Behshahr]]
* [[Iran University of Science and Technology]], [[Nur, Iran|Nur]]

=== Sports ===
With 7 gold, 4 silver and 4 bronze medals, Mazandaran has won 19% of Iran's medals in the Olympics, which is the largest share among Iran's medals in the [[Olympics]].
For the past several years Mazandaran has generated a consistent stream of [[Wrestling]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/5161983/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |title=Mazandaran Capital Wrestling |access-date=2016-11-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510100427/http://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/5161983/%DA%A9%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |archive-date=2017-05-10 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Association football|Football]] and [[volleyball]] are two other popular sports that have a lot of players in the Premier League and the national team. [[Olympic weightlifting|Weightlifting]], [[Taekwondo]], [[table tennis]], [[boxing]], [[kickboxing]], [[kung fu]], [[karate]], [[rally car]] are other successful sports in the province. [[Kalleh Mazandaran VC]], [[Shamoushak Noshahr F.C.]] and [[F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran]] are three famous teams in the province. Kalleh have twice won the [[Iranian Volleyball Super League]] Championship and once the [[Asian Men's Club Volleyball Championship|AVC Championship]].

=== Athletes in Olympics ===
''List of Mazandaran athletes who won medals in the Olympics'':
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+
! width="193" |Athlete
! scope="col" style="background:gold; width:50px;" |{{Gold medal}}
! scope="col" style="background:silver; width:50px;" |{{Silver medal}}
! scope="col" style="background:#cc9966; width:50px;" |{{Bronze medal}}
! width="50" |Total
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Hassan Yazdani]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 2 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" | 0 || 3
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Komeil Ghasemi]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 1 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" | 0 || 2
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Ghasem Rezaei]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" | 1 || 2
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Mohammad Hadi Saravi]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" |1 || 2
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Emam-Ali Habibi]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" | 0 || 1
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Abdollah Movahed]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" | 0 || 1
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Weightlifting pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Hossein Tavakkoli]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" | 0 || 1
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Weightlifting pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Behdad Salimi]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 1 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" |0 || 1
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Askari Mohammadian]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 0 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 2 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" |0 || 2
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Amir Hossein Zare]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 0 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 1 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" |1 || 2
|-
| align="right" | [[File:Wrestling pictogram.svg|24px]] [[Morad Mohammadi]]|| style="background:#F7F6A8;" | 0 || style="background:#DCE5E5;" | 0 || style="background:#FFDAB9;" |1 || 1
|}

== Gallery ==
{{Clear}}
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Mazandaran Coast.jpg|Mazandaran Coast
File:Royal Palace Ramsar 1.jpg|[[Ramsar Palace]]
File:نمایی از ویلاهای شهرک توریستی تفریحی نمک آبرود در استان مازندران.jpg|[[Shahrak-e Namak Abrud]] at [[Chalus, Iran|Chalus]]
File:Safarood River.jpg|Safarud Jungle and River
File:هفت آبشار جنگلهای هیرکانی روستای تیرکن شهرستان بال.jpg|Haft Abshar waterfall at [[Babol]]
File:Riding a watercraft in Ramsar.jpg|Riding a watercraft in [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]]
File:Babolsar-Mazandaran-Iran - panoramio.jpg|[[Babolsar]] Pleasure
File:Atashkadeh (fireplace).jpg|Fire Temple of [[Amol]]
File:چشمه کیله در برف.JPG|Snow in [[Tonekabon]]
File:Marals at Semes Kandeh Animal Shelter (5).jpg|Marals at [[Semes Kandeh-ye Olya|Semes Kandeh]] Animal Shelter
File:دشت دریاسر-1.jpg|Daryasar Plain at [[Tonekabon]]
File:DDcenter (Didi Museum).jpg| Didi Museum at [[Izadshahr]]
File:Glacial lake in Alam Kuh by Hadi Karimi.jpg|Glacial lake in [[Alam Kuh]] [[Kelardasht]]
File:Neka railway.jpg|[[Neka]] Railway
File:Museum of Reza Shah Pahlavi.jpg|Museum of [[Reza Shah Pahlavi]] at [[Alasht]]
File:Amol City Bridge.jpg|[[Davazdah Cheshmeh]] Bridge
File:Mazandaran - Chamestan - Elimalat Lake - panoramio.jpg|Elimalat Lake
File:Nowshahr, Mazandaran Province, Iran - panoramio.jpg|Coast Beach
File:Badab Sort springs - panoramio (1).jpg|Badab Sort springs
File:طبیعت زیبای صبحگاهی فیلبند.jpg|Filband Village
File:Masjed tarikhi farah abad-2.jpg|[[Farah Abad Complex]]
File:خانه فاضلی ها 01.jpg|Fazeli House
File:خانه قدیمی رضا شاه.jpg|[[Reza Shah]] House
File:Historical Sefidchah Cemetery.jpg|Sefid Chah Cemetery at [[Behshahr]]
File:پل جمعه بازار (خشت پل) جویبار.JPG|Jomeh Bazaar Bridge
File:Kelardasht in Iran by Mardetanha 0559 27.jpg|Kelardasht
File:Mazandaran - Baladeh Royan Road - panoramio.jpg|Royan Jungle
File:Sisangan National Forest.jpg|Sisangan National Forest
File:Caspian-Sea-Beach-resort.jpg|Sea Beach at Ramsar
File:3505623 تالاب نیلوفر آبی بابل.jpg|Lotus Wetland
File:040412-Firoozeh-ZamanValley-IMG 7937-2.jpg|Zaman Valley
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Mazandarani people]]
* [[List of Mazanderanis]]
* [[Amardi]]
* [[Sasanian dynasty]]
* [[Tabaristan]]
* [[Dabuyid dynasty]]
* [[Pahlavi dynasty]]
* {{C|Alborz (mountain range)|Alborz (''Elburz'') mountain range topics}}

{{Commons category-inline}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book |author=[[Vasily Bartold|W. Barthold]] |translator=[[Svat Soucek]] |title=An Historical Geography of Iran |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Baz_AwAAQBAJ |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-5322-9 |year=1984 |chapter=Gilan and Mazandaran |pages=230–242}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.ostan-mz.ir/ Official website]
* [https://instagram.com/mazendron?igshid=1nvzijreowaxj mazendron] on [[instagram]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161011185336/http://www.mchto.ir/ Mazandaran Cultural Heritage Organization]
* [http://mazandaran.irib.ir/ Official website of Mazandaran TV] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626105639/http://mazandaran.irib.ir/ |date=26 June 2022 }}
* {{cite web |editor=[[Houchang E. Chehabi]] |work=Bibliographia Iranica |publisher=Iranian Studies Group at [[MIT]] |location=USA |title=Regional Studies: Mazandaran |url=http://web.mit.edu/isg/iranica.html |access-date=11 February 2017 |archive-date=2 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211102203251/http://web.mit.edu/isg/iranica.html |url-status=dead}} (Bibliography)
* [https://www.sabteahval.ir/mz/Default.aspx Registration Mazandaran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129005003/https://www.sabteahval.ir/mz/Default.aspx |date=29 November 2020 }}
* A Mazandarani folk-song sung by [[Shusha Guppy]] in the 1970s: [http://www.iranian.com/ram/Shusha/15.ram ''Darling Dareyne'']

{{Authority control}}
{{Geographic location
| Centre    = Mazandaran Province
| North     = '''[[Caspian Sea]]'''
| Northeast = [[Caspian Sea]]
| East      = [[Golestan Province]]
| Southeast = [[Semnan Province]]
| South     = [[Tehran Province]]
| Southwest = [[Alborz Province]]
| West      = [[Gilan Province]] [[Qazvin Province]]
| Northwest = [[Caspian Sea]]
}}
{{Provinces of Iran}}
{{Mazandaran Province}}

[[Category:Mazandaran province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Iran]]
[[Category:Alborz (mountain range)]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1937]]