View source for Mataco–Guaicuru languages

{{Short description|Proposed language family}}
{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=es|otherarticle=Lenguas mataco-guaicurúes|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox language family
  |name=Mataguayo–Guaicuru
  |altname=Macro-Waikurúan
  |acceptance=proposed
  |region=South America
  |familycolor=American
  |family=Proposed [[language family]]
  |child1=[[Matacoan languages|Matacoan]]
  |child2=[[Guaicuruan languages|Guaicuruan]]
  |glotto=none
  |map=Mataco-Guaicuru Languages.png
|mapcaption=
}}

'''Mataguayo–Guaicuru''', '''Mataco–Guaicuru''' or '''Macro-Waikurúan''' is a proposed [[language family]] consisting of the [[Matacoan languages|Mataguayan]] and [[Guaicuruan languages|Guaicuruan]] languages. Pedro Viegas Barros claims to have demonstrated it.<ref>Pedro Viegas Barros (1992-1993). ¿Existe una relación genética entre las lenguas mataguayas y guaycurúes? Em: J. Braunstein (ed.), Hacia una nueva carta étnica del Gran Chaco V, 193-213. Las Lomitas (Formosa): Centro del Hombre Antiguo Chaqueño (CHACO).</ref><ref>Pedro Viegas Barros (2006). La hipótesis macro-guaicurú. Semejanzas gramaticales guaicurú-mataguayo. Revista UniverSOS, 3:183-212. Valencia: Universidad de Valencia.</ref><ref>Pedro Viegas Barros (2013). La hipótesis de parentesco Guaicurú-Mataguayo: estado actual de la cuestión. Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica, 5.2:293-333.</ref> These languages are spoken in Argentina, Brazil, [[Paraguay]], and [[Bolivia]].

==Genetic relations==
Jorge Suárez linked Guaicuruan and [[Charruan languages|Charruan]] in a ''Waikuru-Charrúa'' stock. Kaufman (2007: 72) has also added [[Lule–Vilela languages|Lule–Vilela]] and [[Zamucoan languages|Zamucoan]],<ref>Kaufman, Terrence. 2007. South America. In: R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley (eds.), ''Atlas of the World’s Languages (2nd edition)'', 59–94. London: Routledge.</ref> while [[Morris Swadesh]] proposed a ''Macro-Mapuche'' stock that included Matacoan, Guaicuruan, Charruan, and Mascoyan. Campbell (1997) has argued that those hypotheses should  be further investigated, though he no longer intends to evaluate it.<ref name="Campbell-SAmerica">{{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Lyle |author-link=Lyle Campbell |editor1-last=Grondona |editor1-first=Verónica |editor2-last=Campbell |editor2-first=Lyle |date=2012 |title=The Indigenous Languages of South America |chapter=Classification of the indigenous languages of South America |series=The World of Linguistics |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=59–166 |isbn=9783110255133}}</ref>

==Language contact==
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the [[Arawakan languages|Arawakan]], [[Tupian languages|Tupian]], [[Trumai language|Trumai]], and [[Ofayé language|Ofayé]] language families due to contact, pointing to an origin of Proto-Mataguayo-Guaicuruan in the Upper [[Paraguay River]] basin.<ref name="Jolkesky-2016">{{cite thesis|last=Jolkesky |first=Marcelo Pinho de Valhery |date=2016 |url=http://www.etnolinguistica.org/tese:jolkesky-2016-arqueoecolinguistica |title=Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas |type=Ph.D. dissertation |location=Brasília |publisher=University of Brasília |edition=2}}</ref>{{rp|439}}

==Classification==
Internal classification by Jolkesky (2016):<ref name="Jolkesky-2016"/>

({{extinct}} = extinct)

{{tree list}}
*'''Macro-Mataguayo-Guaykuru'''
**''[[Payagua language|Payagua]]'' {{extinct}}
**''[[Guachi language|Guachi]]'' {{extinct}}
**[[Guaicuruan languages|Guaykuru]]
***''[[Kadiweu language|Kadiweu]]''
***Qom-Abipon
****''[[Abipon language|Abipon]]'' {{extinct}}
****Qom
*****Qom, Southern: ''[[Mokovi language|Mokovi]]''
*****Qom, Northern: ''[[Pilaga language|Pilaga]]''; ''[[Toba Qom language|Toba]]''
**[[Matacoan languages|Mataguayo]]
***Mataguayo, Western
****Chorote: ''[[Iyojwaʼja Chorote|Chorote Iyojwa'ja]]''; ''[[Iyoʼwujwa Chorote|Chorote Iyo'wujwa]]''
****Wichi: ''[[Wichi language|Wichi Guisnay]]''; ''[[Wichi language|Wichi Nokten]]''; ''[[Wichi language|Wichi Vejoz]]''
***Mataguayo, Eastern
****''[[Maka language|Maka]]''
****''[[Nivakle language|Nivakle]]''
{{tree list/end}}

==Chaco linguistic area==
{{Main|Chaco linguistic area}}
Campbell and Grondona (2012) consider the languages to be part of a ''[[Gran Chaco|Chaco]]'' linguistic area. Common Chaco areal features include [[SVO word order]] and [[active–stative language|active-stative]] verb [[morphosyntactic alignment|alignment]].<ref name="Campbell-Chaco">{{cite book |last1=Campbell |first1=Lyle |author-link=Lyle Campbell |last2=Grondona |first2=Verónica |editor1-last=Grondona |editor1-first=Verónica |editor2-last=Campbell |editor2-first=Lyle |date=2012 |title=The Indigenous Languages of South America |chapter=Languages of the Chaco and Southern Cone |series=The World of Linguistics |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=625–668 |isbn=9783110255133}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Gran Chaco people]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Greenberg, Joseph H. (1987). ''Language in the Americas''. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
* Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), ''Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages'' (pp.&nbsp;13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. {{ISBN|0-292-70414-3}}.
* Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), ''Atlas of the world's languages'' (pp.&nbsp;46–76). London: Routledge.

{{Mataco–Guaicuru languages}}
{{South American languages}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mataco-Guaicuru languages}}
[[Category:Mataco–Guaicuru languages| ]]
[[Category:Proposed language families]]
[[Category:Chaco linguistic area]]


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