View source for Marquess of Linlithgow

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Redirect|Lord Linlithgow|the Governor-General of India from 1936-1943|Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2015}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name              = Marquessate of Linlithgow 
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|150px]]<br/>[[File:Marquess of Linlithgow Arms.svg|180px]] 
| image_size        =  
| alt               =  
| caption           = Arms of Hope: ''Azure, on a chevron or between three bezants a laurel leaf vert''
| creation_date     = 23 October 1902 
| creation          =  
| monarch           = [[King Edward VII]] 
| peerage           = [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]] 
| baronetage        =  
| first_holder      = [[John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow|John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun]] 
| last_holder       =  
| present_holder    = [[Adrian Hope, 4th Marquess of Linlithgow]] 
| heir_apparent     = Andrew Hope, Earl of Hopetoun 
| heir_presumptive  =  
| remainder_to      = the 1st Marquess' [[heirs male of the body]] lawfully begotten 
| subsidiary_titles = Earl of Hopetoun <br/> Viscount Aithrie <br/> Lord Hope <br/> Baron Hopetoun <br/> Baron Niddry 
| status            =  
| extinction_date   =  
| family_seat       = [[Hopetoun House]] 
| former_seat       =  
| motto             = ''At spes non fracta''<br/>("But my hope is not broken") 
| footnotes         =  
}}

'''Marquess of Linlithgow''', in the [[West Lothian (historic)|County of Linlithgow or West Lothian]], is a title in the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]]. It was created on 23 October 1902 for [[John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow|John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun]].<ref>{{London Gazette |city=e |date=28 October 1902 |issue=11456 |page=1061}}</ref> The current holder of the title is [[Adrian Hope, 4th Marquess of Linlithgow|Adrian Hope]].

This branch of the Hope family descends from [[Charles Hope, 1st Earl of Hopetoun|Sir Charles Hope]], grandson of Sir James Hope, sixth son of [[Sir Thomas Hope, 1st Baronet|Sir Thomas Hope, 1st Baronet, of Craighall]] (see [[Hope baronets]]). In 1703 he was created '''Lord Hope''', '''Viscount Aithrie''' and '''Earl of Hopetoun''' in the [[Peerage of Scotland]], with remainder to the heirs male and female of his body. He later served as [[Lord Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire]] and as Governor of the [[Bank of Scotland]]. Lord Hopetoun married Lady Henrietta, only surviving daughter of [[William Johnstone, 1st Marquess of Annandale]] (died 1721). He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. In 1763 he succeeded his kinsman as fourth Baronet, of Kirkliston (see Hope baronets for earlier history of this title).

His son from his first marriage, the third Earl, served as Lord Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire from 1794 to 1816 and sat in the [[House of Lords]] as a [[List of Scottish representative peers|Scottish representative peer]] from 1784 to 1794. In 1792 Lord Hopetoun succeeded his great-uncle as ''de jure'' fifth [[Earl of Annandale and Hartfell]], although he never successfully claimed this title. In 1809 he was created '''Baron Hopetoun''', of Hopetoun in the County of Linlithgow, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, with remainder to the heirs male of his father.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=16223 |date=28 January 1809 |page=109}}</ref> He died without male issue and the claim the earldom passed to his daughter Lady Anne (see below and the Earl of Annandale and Hartfell for later history of this branch of the family). Lord Hopetoun was succeeded (in the barony of Hopetoun according to the special remainder) by his half-brother, the fourth Earl. He was a general in the army, sat as [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Linlithgowshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Linlithgow]] and served as Lord Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire. In 1814, two years before he succeeded in the earldom, he was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom in his own right as '''Baron Niddry''', of Niddry Castle in the County of Linlithgow.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=16894 |date=3 May 1814 |page=936}}</ref>

He was succeeded by his son, the fifth Earl. He was Lord Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire. His son, the sixth Earl, also served as Lord Lieutenant of Linlithgowshire. He was succeeded by his son, the seventh Earl. He was a prominent colonial administrator and [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] politician and served as [[Governor of Victoria]], as the first [[Governor-General of Australia]] and as [[Secretary of State for Scotland]]. In 1902 he was created '''Marquess of Linlithgow''', in the County of Linlithgow or West Lothian.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27487|page=6734|date=24 October 1902}}</ref> His son, the second Marquess, was also a politician and served as [[Viceroy of India]] from 1936 to 1943. He was succeeded by his eldest twin son, the third Marquess. He was Lord Lieutenant of West Lothian from 1964 to 1985. {{As of|2013}} the titles are held by his only son, the fourth Marquess, who succeeded in 1985.

The family seat is [[Hopetoun House]], near [[South Queensferry|Queensferry]], [[West Lothian]].

==Earls of Hopetoun (1703)==
:''Other titles (1st Earl onwards): Viscount Aithrie (Sc 1703), Lord Hope (Sc 1703)''
:''Other titles (3rd Earl onwards): Baron Hopetoun (UK 1809)''
:''Other titles (4th Earl onwards): Baron Niddry (UK 1814)''

*[[Charles Hope, 1st Earl of Hopetoun]] (1681–1742)
*[[John Hope, 2nd Earl of Hopetoun]], (1704–1781)
*[[James Hope-Johnstone, 3rd Earl of Hopetoun]]  (1741–1816)
*[[John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun]] (1765–1823)
*John Hope, 5th Earl of Hopetoun (1803–1843)
*John Alexander Hope, 6th Earl of Hopetoun (1831–1873)
*[[John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun|John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun]] (1860–1908) (created '''Marquess of Linlithgow''' in 1902)

==Marquesses of Linlithgow (1902)==
:''Other titles (1st Marquess onwards): Viscount Aithrie (Sc 1703), Lord Hope (Sc 1703), Baron Hopetoun (UK 1809), Baron Niddry (UK 1814)'' 
*[[John Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun|John Adrian Louis Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow]] (1860–1908)
*[[Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow|Victor Alexander John Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow]] (1887–1952)
*[[Charles Hope, 3rd Marquess of Linlithgow|Charles William Frederick Hope, 3rd Marquess of Linlithgow]] (1912–1987)
*[[Adrian Hope, 4th Marquess of Linlithgow|Adrian John Charles Hope, 4th Marquess of Linlithgow]] (b. 1946)

The [[heir apparent]] is the present holder's eldest son, Andrew Christopher Victor Arthur Charles Hope, Earl of Hopetoun (born 1969).

The heir apparent's heir apparent is his elder son, Charles Adrian Bristow William Hope, Viscount Aithrie (born 2001).<ref name=DP/>

==Baron Niddry (1814)==
*[[John Hope, 4th Earl of Hopetoun|John Hope, 1st Lord Niddry]] (1765–1823) (succeeded as '''Earl of Hopetoun''' in 1816)

== Family tree and line of succession ==
{{Marquesses of Annandale and Linlithgow family tree}}
{{Collapse top|title={{Small|Line of succession (simplified)}}<ref name=DP>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Linlithgow, Marquess of |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |publication-date=|pages=2193–2199 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-9997-6705-1}}</ref>}}
{{Tree list}}
* [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|35px]] ''Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow (1887–1952)''
** [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|35px]] ''Charles Hope, 3rd Marquess of Linlithgow (1912–1987)''
*** [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|35px]] '''Adrian Hope, 4th Marquess of Linlithgow''' ({{Born in|1946}})
****'''(1).''' Andrew Hope, Earl of Hopetoun ({{Born in|1969}})
*****'''(2).''' Charles Hope, Viscount Aithrie ({{Born in|2001}})
*****'''(3).''' Hon. Victor Alexander Edward Hope ({{Born in|2001}})
****'''(4).''' Lord Alexander John Adrian Hope ({{Born in|1971}})
****'''(5).''' Lord Robert Charles Robin Adrian Hope ({{Born in|1984}})
**[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|35px]] ''John Hope, 1st [[Baron Glendevon]] (1912–1996)''
***[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|35px]] '''(6, 1).''' Jonathan Hope, 3rd Baron Glendevon ({{Born in|1952}})

There are further male heirs in line to the earldom of Hopetoun and its subsidiary titles, who are descended from the younger sons of the 4th, 2nd and 1st earls.<ref name=DP/>
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Collapse bottom}}


==Other family members==
Numerous other members of the Hope of Hopetoun family have also gained distinction. James Hope-Vere (son of William Hope-Vere, eldest son of the Hon. [[Charles Hope-Weir]] (1710–1791), second son of the first Earl) represented [[Ilchester (UK Parliament constituency)|Ilchester]] in the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]]. [[Charles Hope, Lord Granton|Charles Hope]] (eldest son of John Hope, second son of the Hon. Charles Hope-Weir) was [[Lord President of the Court of Session]] under the judicial title of Lord Granton from 1811 to 1836. [[John Hope (Lord Justice Clerk)|John Hope]], son of Charles Hope, was [[Lord Justice Clerk]] of Scotland from 1841 to 1858. His son [[William Hope (VC)|William Hope]] was a [[lieutenant-colonel]] in the army and recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]]. Charles Hope (1798–1854), son of Charles Hope, Lord Granton, was a [[rear-admiral]] in the [[Royal Navy]]. His son Charles Webley-Hope was also a rear-admiral in the Royal Navy. The latter was the father of 1) Sir George Price Webley Hope, an [[admiral]] in the Royal Navy, who was the father of Maurice Webley Hope (1901–1986), a [[brigadier]] in the army, and 2) [[Herbert Willes Webley Hope]] (1878–1968), an admiral in the Royal Navy, whose son Adrian Price Webley Hope was a [[major-general]] in the army.

Charles Hope, son of Charles Hope (1798–1854), was a [[Captain (naval)|captain]] in the [[Royal Navy]]. His son Frederick Hope was a major-general in the army. The latter's grandson [[Peter Hope (diplomat)|Sir Peter Hope]] was a diplomat and served as [[British Ambassador to Mexico|Ambassador to Mexico]] from 1968 to 1972. He was also President of the British Association of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Sir John Hope (1765–1836) (second son of John Hope, second son of the Hon. Charles Hope-Weir) was a [[lieutenant-general]] in the army. His third son, Sir [[William Johnstone Hope|William Hope-Johnstone]] (1766–1831) was a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy. He married his second cousin Lady Anne Hope-Johnston, ''de jure'' 6th Countess of Annandale and Hartfell, daughter of the third Earl. Their eldest son [[John Hope-Johnstone (1796–1876)|John James Hope Johnstone]] (1796–1876) twice unsuccessfully claimed the earldom of Annandale and Hartfell. However, his great-great-great-grandson successfully claimed the title in 1985 (see [[Earl of Annandale and Hartfell]]).

Sir William Hope-Johnstone and Lady Anna Hope-Johnstone were also the parents of:
#Sir [[William James Hope-Johnstone]] (1798–1878), an admiral in the Royal Navy
#Commander Charles Jame Hope-Johnstone (1801–1835), who was the father of James Charles Hope-Johnstone (1835–1884), a major-general in the army
#George James Hope-Johnstone (1802–1842), a captain in the Royal Navy, whose son William George Hope-Johnstone (1830–1870) was also a captain in the Royal Navy

[[George Johnstone Hope|Sir George Johnstone Hope]], son of Charles Hope-Weir by his third wife Helen Dunbar, was an admiral in the Royal Navy and fought at the [[Battle of Trafalgar]]. He married his first cousin once removed Lady Jemima Hope (d. 1808), daughter of the third Earl of Hopetoun. Their son [[James Hope (Royal Navy officer)|Sir James Hope-Vere]] was an [[admiral of the fleet]] in the Royal Navy.

Charles Hope (1768–1828), eldest son of the second Earl from his third marriage to Lady Elizabeth Leslie, was a general in the army. The Hon. [[Alexander Hope (British Army officer)|Sir Alexander Hope]] (1769–1837), fourth son of the second Earl (and second from his third marriage to Lady Elizabeth Leslie), was a general in the army and represented Linlithgowshire in the House of Commons. He was the father of 1) [[George William Hope|George William Hope of Luffness]] (1808–1863), Member of Parliament for [[Windsor (UK Parliament constituency)|Windsor]] from 1859 to 1863, whose son Sir Edward Stanley Hope (1846–1921) served as a Lunacy Commissioner, and 2) the Hon. [[James Hope-Scott]], a prominent barrister, who was the father of [[James Hope, 1st Baron Rankeillour]] (see the [[Baron Rankeillour]] for more information on this branch of the family). The Hon. [[James Hope-Wallace]], second son of the fourth Earl, was a lieutenant-colonel in the army and sat as a Member of Parliament. Charles Dunbar Hope-Dunbar, grandson of the Hon. [[Charles Hope (MP)|Charles Hope]], third son of the fourth Earl, proved his claim to the Dunbar Baronetcy of Baldoon (created in 1664) in 1916 and became the 6th Baronet (see [[Hope-Dunbar baronets]]). [[John Hope, 1st Baron Glendevon|Lord John Hope]], younger twin son of the second Marquess, was a prominent Conservative politician and was created [[Baron Glendevon]] in 1964.

==See also==
*[[Earl of Linlithgow]]
*[[Baron Glendevon]]
*[[Baron Rankeillour]]
*[[Earl of Annandale and Hartfell]]
*[[Hope baronets]]
*[[Hope-Dunbar baronets]]
* dedication [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Earls_March_TURNER.ogg Earl's March] 1889 written by Australian poet [[Walter J. Turner]] whilst Adrian Hope was [[Governor-General of Australia]]

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== References ==
*{{cite book | last=Hesilrige | first=Arthur G. M. | year=1921 | title=Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy | url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeeraget00unse/page/568 | location=160A, [[Fleet street]], [[London]], UK | publisher=[[Dean & Son]] | page=568 }}
*Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, {{Page needed |date=February 2013}}
*{{Rayment|date=February 2012}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20010202032300/http://www.hopetounhouse.com/ Hopetoun House]
{{British marquessates}}
{{Extant British marquesses}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Linlithgow}}
[[Category:Marquessates in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1902 establishments in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Hope family|Linlithgow]]
[[Category:People associated with West Lothian]]
[[Category:Marquesses of Linlithgow| ]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1902]]