View source for Marquess of Ailsa

{{Short description|Title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom}}
{{Redirect|Lord Kennedy|other people titled Lord Kennedy}}
{{EngvarB|date=December 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name              = Marquessate of Ailsa
| image             = [[File:Arms of the Marquess of Ailsa.jpg|150px]]
| image_size        =
| alt               =
| caption           = '''Arms of Kennedy, Marquesses of Ailsa:''' ''Argent, a Chevron Gules, between three crosses-Crosslet fitchée Sable, the whole within a Double-Tressure flory counterflory of the second.'' '''Crest:''' A Dolphin naiant proper. '''Supporters:''' On either side, a Swan wings inverted proper, beaked and membered Gules<ref name="auto">Debrett's Peerage, 1876, p.16</ref>
| creation_date     = 10 September 1831
| creation          =
| monarch           = [[William IV|King William IV]]
| peerage           = [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
| baronetage        =
| first_holder      = [[Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa]]
| last_holder       =
| present_holder    = David Kennedy, 9th Marquess of Ailsa
| heir_apparent     = Archibald Kennedy, Earl of Cassillis
| heir_presumptive  =
| remainder_to      = The 1st Marquess' [[heirs male of the body]] lawfully begotten
| subsidiary_titles = {{Plainlist|
* Earl of Cassillis
* Lord Kennedy
* Baron Ailsa}}
| status            = Extant
| extinction_date   =
| family_seat       =
| former_seat       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Culzean Castle]]
* Cassillis House}}
| motto             = '''AVISE LA FIN''' <br> ''(Consider the end)'' <ref name="auto"/>
| footnotes         =
}}
'''Marquess of Ailsa''', of the Isle of Ailsa in the County of Ayr, is a title in the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]]. It was created on 10 September 1831 for [[Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Kennedy, 12th Earl of Cassillis]].<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=18846 |date=9 September 1831 |page=1833}}</ref>{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=67}} The title '''Earl of Cassillis''' (pronounced "Cass-ells") had been created in 1509 for the 3rd '''Lord Kennedy'''. This title had been created in the [[Peerage of Scotland]] in 1457. The 1st Marquess had been created '''Baron Ailsa''' in the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]] on 12 November 1806.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=15971 |date=4 November 1806 |page=1438}}</ref>{{sfn|Cokayne|1910|p=67}}

The name of the title was taken from the Island of [[Ailsa Craig]] in the [[Firth of Clyde]].<ref>[http://media.primelocation.com/KFGR/KFED/KFED999000362/BROCH_01.PDF]{{dead link|date=June 2017|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>

[[James Kennedy (bishop)|James Kennedy]], [[Archbishop of St Andrews]], was the younger brother of the first Lord Kennedy.

The Marquess of Ailsa is the hereditary [[Scottish clan chief|Clan Chief]] of [[Clan Kennedy]].

The family's seats were [[Cassillis House]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/news-2-15012/battle-brews-over-castle-clearances-1-1365406|title=Battle brews over castle 'clearances'|website=www.scotsman.com}}</ref> and [[Culzean Castle]], near [[Maybole]], Ayrshire.

==Lords Kennedy (1457)==
* [[Gilbert Kennedy, 1st Lord Kennedy]] ({{circa|1406}}–{{circa|1480}})
* [[John Kennedy, 2nd Lord Kennedy]] (died 1508)
* [[David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassilis|David Kennedy, 3rd Lord Kennedy]] (died 1513) (created Earl of Cassillis in 1509)

==Earls of Cassillis (1509)==
* [[David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassilis|David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassillis]] (1463–1513)
* [[Gilbert Kennedy, 2nd Earl of Cassilis|Gilbert Kennedy, 2nd Earl of Cassillis]] (died 1527)
* [[Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis|Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassillis]] (1515–1558)
* [[Gilbert Kennedy, 4th Earl of Cassilis|Gilbert Kennedy, 4th Earl of Cassillis]] (c. 1541–1576)
* [[John Kennedy, 5th Earl of Cassilis|John Kennedy, 5th Earl of Cassillis]] (c. 1573–1615)
* [[John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassilis|John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassillis]] (died 1668)
* [[John Kennedy, 7th Earl of Cassilis|John Kennedy, 7th Earl of Cassillis]] (1653–1701)
* [[John Kennedy, 8th Earl of Cassilis|John Kennedy, 8th Earl of Cassillis]] (1700–1759)

<blockquote>From 1759 to 1762 the titles and estates were in dispute between the heir male and the heir general. The latter, [[William Douglas, 4th Duke of Queensberry|William [Douglas], Earl of Ruglen and March later Duke of Queensberry]], was son and heir of [[William Douglas, 2nd Earl of March|William [Douglas], Earl of March]], by his wife [[Anne Hamilton, Countess of Ruglen|Anne [Hamilton], ''suo jure'' Countess of Ruglen]], 1st dau. and heir of line of [[John Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Selkirk|John [Hamilton], Earl of Selkirk and Ruglen]], by his first wife Lady Anne Kennedy, the only daughter that had issue of John [Kennedy], 7th Earl of Cassillis. He claimed the estates under an entail of 5 September 1698, which he contended could not be set aside by the entail of 1759. The entail of 1759 was however upheld, though by a narrow majority, in the Court of Session, and confirmed, on appeal, by the House of Lords. He then, under the designation of "William, Earl of Cassillis, Ruglen and March" claimed "the titles and honours of Earl of Cassillis and Lord Kennedy," on the ground of certain charters of 24 April 1641 and 29 September 1642. Sir Thomas Kennedy, Bart., claimed the said titles as heir male, and the two petitions having been laid before the House of Lords, it was adjudged, 27 January 1762, that the latter had a right "to the honour and dignity of Earl of Cassillis as heir male of the body of David, the 1st Earl of Cassillis, and [to that] of Lord Kennedy as heir male of the body of Gilbert, the 1st Lord Kennedy."<ref>''The Complete Peerage'', vol. III, pp 78 – 79</ref></blockquote>

* [[Thomas Kennedy, 9th Earl of Cassilis|Thomas Kennedy, 9th Earl of Cassillis]] (died 1775), previously the 4th [[Kennedy baronets#Kennedy baronets.2C of Culzean .281682.29|Baronet of Culzean]]
* [[David Kennedy, 10th Earl of Cassilis|David Kennedy, 10th Earl of Cassillis]] (died 1792)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 11th Earl of Cassilis|Archibald Kennedy, 11th Earl of Cassillis]] (died 1794)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Kennedy, 12th Earl of Cassillis]] (1770–1846) (created Baron Ailsa in 1806 and Marquess of Ailsa in 1831)

==Marquesses of Ailsa (1831)==
[[File:Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa, by William Owen.jpg|thumb|[[Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa|1st Marquess of Ailsa]] by [[William Owen (painter)|William Owen]], 1816]]
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa]] (1770–1846)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 2nd Marquess of Ailsa]] (1816–1870)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 3rd Marquess of Ailsa]] (1847–1938)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 4th Marquess of Ailsa]] (1872–1943)
* [[Charles Kennedy, 5th Marquess of Ailsa]] (1875–1956)
* [[Angus Kennedy, 6th Marquess of Ailsa]] (1882–1957)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 7th Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald David Kennedy, 7th Marquess of Ailsa]] (1925–1994)
* [[Archibald Kennedy, 8th Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Angus Charles Kennedy, 8th Marquess of Ailsa]] (1956–2015)<ref name="scotsman-8th-obituary">{{Cite news |last=Casely |first=Gordon |date=20 January 2015 |title=Obituary: Archibald Angus Charles Kennedy, 8th Marquess of Ailsa |url=https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/obituary-archibald-angus-charles-kennedy-8th-marquess-ailsa-1514991 |access-date=14 March 2022 |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh}}</ref><ref name="herald-8th-obituary">{{Cite news |last=Davison |first=Phil |date=20 January 2015 |title=The 8th Marquess of Ailsa |url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/13197926.8th-marquess-ailsa/ |access-date=14 March 2022 |work=The Herald |location=Glasgow}}</ref>
* David Thomas Kennedy, 9th Marquess of Ailsa ({{Born in|1958}})<ref name="scotsman-8th-obituary" /><ref name="herald-8th-obituary"/>

== Succession and family tree ==
{{Collapse top
|title={{small|Line of succession}}<ref>{{Cite book |title=Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage |publisher=Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. |year=1999 |isbn=2-9400-8502-1 |editor-last=Mosley |editor-first=Charles |edition=106th |volume=1 |location=Crans, Switzerland |pages=40–43 |chapter=Ailsa}}</ref><ref name="Debrett's_Ailsa">{{Cite book |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-9997-6705-1 |editor-last=Morris |editor-first=Susan |edition=150th |volume=1 |location=London |pages=295–299 |chapter=Ailsa |editor-last2=Bosberry-Scott |editor-first2=Wendy |editor-last3=Belfield |editor-first3=Gervase}}</ref>}}
{{tree list}}
* [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|15px]] ''[[Archibald Kennedy, 11th Earl of Cassillis]] (1720–1794)''
** [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Archibald Kennedy, 1st Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Kennedy]], 1st Marquess of Ailsa (1770–1846)''
*** ''[[Archibald Kennedy, Earl of Cassillis|Archibald Kennedy IV]], Earl of Cassillis (1794–1832)''
**** [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Archibald Kennedy, 2nd Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Kennedy]], 2nd Marquess of Ailsa (1816–1870)''
***** [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Archibald Kennedy, 3rd Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Kennedy]], 3rd Marquess of Ailsa (1847–1938)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Archibald Kennedy, 4th Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald Kennedy]], 4th Marquess of Ailsa (1872–1943)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Charles Kennedy, 5th Marquess of Ailsa|Charles Kennedy]], 5th Marquess of Ailsa (1875–1956)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Angus Kennedy, 6th Marquess of Ailsa|Angus Kennedy]], 6th Marquess of Ailsa (1882–1957)''
******* [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Archibald Kennedy, 7th Marquess of Ailsa|Archibald David Kennedy]], 7th Marquess of Ailsa (1925–1994)''
********[[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] ''[[Charles Kennedy, 8th Marquess of Ailsa]] (1956–2015)''
******** [[File:Coronet of a British Marquess.svg|15px]] '''[[David Thomas Kennedy, 9th Marquess of Ailsa|David Thomas Kennedy]], 9th Marquess of Ailsa''' ({{Born in|1958}})
********* '''(1).''' Archibald David Kennedy, Earl of Cassillis ({{Born in|1995}})
**** ''Gilbert Kennedy (1822–1901)''
***** ''John Gilbert Kennedy (1854–1923)''
****** ''Nigel Augustus Kennedy (1886–1957)''
******* ''Ian Michael Godfrey Kennedy (1921–2011)''
******** '''(2).''' Angus Michael David Kennedy ({{Born in|1962}})
********* '''(3).''' Louis Michael James Kennedy ({{Born in|1998}})
** ''Robert Kennedy (1773–1843)''
*** ''John Kennedy ({{Died in|1845}})''
**** ''Edward Briggs Kennedy (1842–1914)''
***** ''[[Edward Kennedy (Royal Navy officer)|Edward Coverley Kennedy]] (1879–1939)''
****** ''[[Ludovic Kennedy]]'' (1919–2009) 
******* male issue in remainder to earldom<ref name="Debrett's_Ailsa"/>
{{Tree list/end}}
{{Collapse bottom}}
{{Marquesses of Ailsa family tree}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

===Works cited===
* {{cite book | last=Cokayne | first=George E. | author-link=George Cokayne |editor-last=Gibbs |editor-first=Vicary |editor-link=Vicary Gibbs (St Albans MP) | title=The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant | volume=I, Ab-Adam to Basing | publisher=St. Catherine Press | location=London | year=1910 |pages=67–68 | url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015066332571 }}
* {{Rayment|date=February 2012}}
* The Rulers of Strathspey, a history of the lairds of Grant and the Earls of Seafield, 1911, by the Earl of Cassilis

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book | last=Cokayne | first=George E. | author-link=George Cokayne |editor-last=Hammond |editor-first=Peter W. | title=The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct, or dormant | volume=XIV, Addenda and Corrigenda | publisher=St. Catherine Press | location=London | year=1998 |pages=12–13 | url=https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/568116-redirection}}
*{{cite book |last=Hesilrige |first=Arthur G. M. |date=1921| title=Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy| url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeeraget00unse/page/29 | location=London, UK |publisher=Dean & son, limited|page=29}}

{{Extant British marquessates}}
{{British marquessates}}
{{Carrick}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ailsa}}
[[Category:Marquessates in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1831]]
[[Category:Clan Kennedy|Marquess]]
[[Category:Marquesses of Ailsa| ]]
[[Category:People educated at Strathallan School]]