View source for Marguerite Sylva

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name         = Marguerite Sylva
| image        = Marguerita Sylva As Carmen Opera Comique.jpg 
| alt          = 
| caption      = Marguerite Sylva as [[Carmen]], her signature role. (Paris circa 1906)
| birth_name   = Marguerite Alice Hélène Smith
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|df=yes|1875|07|10}}
| birth_place  = Brussels, Belgium
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1957|02|21|1875|07|10}}
| death_place  = Glendale, California, U.S.
| nationality  = 
| other_names  = 
| spouse       = William Mann (?-1912) divorced<br>Bernard L. Smith (1915-1929) divorced (2 children)
| years_active = 1920-1945
| occupation   = Mezzo-soprano, actress
}}
'''Marguerite Sylva''' (also known as '''Marguerita Sylva''') (10 July 1875 &ndash; 21 February 1957) was a Belgian born [[mezzo-soprano]] who achieved fame in [[opera]], [[operetta]], and [[musical theatre]]. She was particularly known for her performances in the title role of [[Bizet]]'s ''[[Carmen]]'', which she sang over 300 times in the course of her career. Sylva was a pioneering recording artist for [[Edison Records]] and made many recordings for the company from 1910 to 1912.<ref>Shaman, William ''et al.'' (1999), p. 285</ref>

==Biography==
Marguerite Sylva was born '''Marguerite Alice Hélène Smith''' in Brussel, to Mathilde (Schearer) Smith and Dr. Christian Charles Louis Smith, a Belgian of English parentage who was a consulting physician to the [[Leopold II of Belgium|royal court of Belgium]]. Both she and her sister Edith were trained in music at the Belgian Royal Conservatory. Marguerite primarily studied the piano but also took private singing lessons. Edith went on to become a concert violinist of some renown, performing as Nadia Sylva.<ref>''The Era'', London, 13 February 1897.</ref>

[[File:Marguerita Sylva Princess Chic Poster.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Marguerite Sylva on a poster of the [[Kirke La Shelle]] and [[Julian Edwards]] comic opera, ''The Princess Chic''. The part was originated by [[Christie MacDonald]] in its original 1900 production. Sylva later took over the role for part of its tour which lasted until 1910.<ref>{{cite book|title=This Was the Theatre|first=Charles|last= George|year= 1958|publisher=[[New York Public Library]]|page=67}}</ref> ]]
According to Marguerite Sylva's entry in the 1935 edition of ''American Women'', it was [[W. S. Gilbert]] who gave the sisters their stage names.<ref>Howes, Durward (1935) p. 543</ref> In early 1896 they were in London, where Edith was to play her violin for Gilbert, with Marguerite providing the piano accompaniment. Sylva recalled that after Edith finished playing, Gilbert asked her, "Don't you do anything?". She told him she "sang a little" and proceeded to sing the [[Habanera (aria)|Habanera]] from ''[[Carmen]]'' to him. He offered her a part in his upcoming production of ''[[The Grand Duke]]'', but she turned it down saying that she wanted to "try [[grand opera]] first".<ref>''The New York Times'', 23 August 1909</ref>  After an audition with [[Augustus Harris]], she was engaged to sing for the [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane|Drury Lane Theatre]], and made her debut there in ''Carmen''. However, with Harris' death in June 1896, her opera aspirations ended. Instead she went to the United States with [[Herbert Beerbohm Tree]]'s theatre company for a production of [[Gilbert Parker]]'s ''[[The Seats of the Mighty]]'' at the [[Knickerbocker Theatre (Broadway)|Knickerbocker Theatre]].{{fact|date=October 2018}} Amongst the actors in the company was [[Gerald Du Maurier]] to whom she became engaged.<ref>''Los Angeles Times'', 26 Nov 1896</ref> The young couple had planned to pursue [[musical theatre]] careers together in the United States, but in the end, the engagement was broken off.<ref>Du Maurier (1935) pp. 67-71</ref> According to Beerbohm Tree, Sylva's mother had been opposed to the marriage.<ref>Pearson, Hesketh (1956) p. 97</ref>

Du Maurier returned to the London stage. Sylva remained in the United States where she carved out an increasingly successful career in [[musical theatre|musical comedy]], operetta and [[vaudeville]]. She appeared in the world premiere of ''[[The Fortune Teller (operetta)|The Fortune Teller]]'' by [[Victor Herbert]] and toured several U.S. cities playing the leading roles in ''[[The Princess Chic]]'', ''Miss Bob White'', and ''The Strollers''. She eventually formed the Marguerite Sylva Opera Company to produce [[comic opera]]s and operettas under the management of Samuel F. Nixon and [[J. Fred Zimmerman, Jr.|J. Fred Zimmerman]].<ref>''New York Times'', 10 August 1902, p. 10</ref> In 1902 she married the theatrical manager William David Mann. The couple left for France in 1904 where Sylva again became fascinated by opera. She found a teacher, Madame Delattre, and was soon engaged by the [[Opéra-Comique]]. She made her debut there on 14 September 1906 in the title role of ''[[Carmen]]'' to very good reviews.<ref>Stoullig, Edmond (1907) pp. 212-213</ref> For the next three years Sylva sang with great success throughout France and Germany where she was a particular favourite. In 1909, [[Oscar Hammerstein I|Oscar Hammerstein]] invited her to return to America to sing for his opera company. On 1 September 1909, Marguerite Sylva made her American operatic debut as Carmen at the [[Manhattan Center|Manhattan Opera House]].<ref>''New York Times'', 2 September 1909, p. 9</ref>

In the ensuing years Sylva sang with Hammerstein's company (until a contractual dispute ended their professional relationship), the [[Boston Opera Company]]<ref>"Alice Nielsen And The Gayety Of Nations" (2009)</ref> and with the [[San Carlo Opera Company]] in the United States. She also sang in Europe, including an acclaimed 1912 performance in ''Carmen'' at the [[Berlin State Opera|Berlin Royal Opera]] with [[Enrico Caruso]] as Don José.<ref>''New York Times'', 8 October 1912, p. 4</ref> She continued to appear on Broadway as well, with performances in the premieres of ''Gypsy Love'' and ''The Skylark''. For a time, Sylva enjoyed a celebrity status normally accorded to movie stars, and even had her own line of cosmetics. In 2008, Mark Swed wrote in ''Los Angeles Times'':
[[File:Marguerite Sylva With Daughters.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Marguerite Sylva with her daughters]]
<blockquote>"Carmen" is not new to the [[Hollywood Bowl]]. On July 8, 1922, three days before the first season of "Symphonies Under the Stars," the [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]], itself only 3 years old, mounted a lavish production of Bizet's opera. The cast numbered nearly 500. Massive sets of Seville surrounded the brand-new amphitheater. When soprano Marguerita Sylva, who starred, rolled into Union Station five days earlier, reporters were there to greet her as if she were a movie star. Proceeds from the performance financed the installation of the Bowl's first benches.<ref>Swed, Mark, ''Los Angeles Times'', July 15, 2008</ref></blockquote>

Sylva and her husband, William Mann, had become estranged during her years in France and were divorced in 1912.<ref>''New York Times'', 4 February 1912, p. 15</ref>  On 1 December 1915, Sylva married Lieut. Bernard L. Smith, who at the time was the assistant [[attaché|naval attaché]] at the American Embassy in Paris. The couple later had two daughters, Daphnee and Marita, both of whom went on to have minor careers as actresses. The marriage ended in divorce on grounds of desertion in 1929.<ref>''New York Times'', 2 May 1929, p. 4</ref>  In her later years, Sylva lived in North Hollywood, where she played a series of small character roles in films and taught singing. A year before her death, she was the subject of the popular NBC television show ''[[This Is Your Life (American franchise)|This Is Your Life]]''.<ref>The episode aired on 14 March 1956. ([http://www.classictvinfo.com/ThisIsYourLife/TIYLEpisodeList.htm ''This Is Your Life'' Episode List] on classictvinfo.com)</ref> Amongst those paying tribute to Sylva was the mezzo-soprano [[Mariska Aldrich]] who had sung with her in Hammerstein's opera company and whose career path had been somewhat similar to Sylva's.<ref>Holdridge, Lawrence F. (2000)</ref> On 20 February 
1957, Marguerite Sylva was driving her car when it went off the road and plowed into a house. She was severely injured in the accident and died the following day at the age of 81 in Behrens Memorial Hospital in Glendale, California.

==Opera roles==
Although Marguerite Sylva's basic voice type was [[mezzo-soprano]], she often took on [[soprano]] roles as well. Her roles in [[operetta]] and [[comic opera]] are included in this list.<ref>This list was primarily compiled from reviews and articles in the ''New York Times'' and Hamilton, Frank (2007)</ref>   
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
*''[[Carmen]]'' (Carmen)
*''[[Cavalleria rusticana]]'' (Santuzza)
*''[[Erminie]]'' (Erminie)
*''[[Faust (opera)|Faust]]'' (Marguerite)
*''Gypsy Love'' (Zorika)
*''[[La bohème]]'' (Musetta (?))
*''[[La favorite]]'' (Léonore)
*''[[Xavier Leroux|Le Chemineau]]'' (Catherine)
*''Le Point d'Argentan'' (Rose-Marie)
{{col-break}} 
*''[[Tales of Hoffmann|Les contes d'Hoffmann]]'' (Giulietta)
*''[[Manon]]'' (Manon)
*''[[Mignon]]'' (Mignon)
* ''[[Mireille (opera)|Mireille]]'' (Taven)
*''[[Pagliacci]]'' (Nedda)
* ''[[The Fortune Teller (operetta)|The Fortune Teller]]'' (Mlle. Pompom)
*''The Princess Chic'' (Princess Chic of Normandy)
*''[[Tosca]]'' (Tosca)
*''[[Werther]]'' (Charlotte)   
{{col-end}}

==On Broadway==
Marguerite Sylva's American stage debut was in the play ''The Seats of the Mighty'' (1896). However, her early appearances on Broadway were mainly in [[musical theatre|musical comedies]], [[comic operas]] and [[operettas]]. Sylva toured widely in the United States in this repertoire. This list is restricted to her known Broadway performances only: 
*Mlle. Pompom in the premiere of ''[[The Fortune Teller (operetta)|The Fortune Teller]]'' an operetta by [[Victor Herbert]] (26 September - 29 October 1898)
*Lady Janet Belford in the premiere ''Mam'selle 'Awkins'', a musical comedy by Herman Perlêt and Alfred E. Aarons (26 February - 31 March 1900.
*Erminie in the revival of ''[[Erminie]]'', a comic opera by [[Edward Jakobowski]] (19 October - 28 November 1903)
*Zorika in the premiere of ''[[Gipsy Love (operetta)|Gypsy Love]]'', an English version of ''Zigeunerliebe'', an operetta by [[Franz Lehár]]  (17 October - 11 November 1911)  
*Elsie in the premiere of ''The Skylark'', a comedy by Thomas P. Robinson (25 July - August 1921)
*Sonya Orlova Varilovna in the premiere of ''Cousin Sonia'', a comedy by [[Louis Verneuil]] (7 December 1925 - January 1926)
*Mooda in the premiere of ''Golden Dawn'' a musical by [[Emmerich Kalman]] (30 November 1927 – 5 May 1928)
*Mahuna in the premiere of ''Luana'' a musical comedy by [[Rudolf Friml]] (17 September - 4 October 1930
*Giulia Sabittini in the revival of ''The Great Lover'', a comedy by Frederic and Fanny Hatton and [[Leo Ditrichstein]] (11 October - October 1932) 
*Countess von Hohenbrunn in the premiere of ''Three Waltzes'', a musical by [[Clare Kummer]] and Rowland Leigh from the play by {{ill|Paul Knepler|de}} using music by [[Johann Strauss I]], [[Johann Strauss II]], and [[Oscar Straus (composer)|Oscar Straus]] (25 December 1937 – 9 April 1938)

==In film==
Sylva's early venture into cinema was probably the title role in a 1913 silent film of ''[[Carmen]]'' shot in Nîmes, France with M. Habay (an actor with the [[Sarah Bernhardt|Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt]]) as Don José.<ref>Lecointe, Thierry (2004)</ref> Her first major role in a Hollywood film came in 1920 when she played Hilda Wilson in ''The Honey Bee'' directed by [[Rupert Julian]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110520194306/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/95509/Honey-Bee/overview Honey Bee (1920)], New York Times Movie Guide.</ref> Her other film roles included:
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
! Title
! Year
! Role
! Director
! Notes
|-
|''[[The Honey Bee]]'' || 1920 || Hilda Wilson || [[Rupert Julian]] ||
|-
|''[[They Dare Not Love]]'' || 1941 || Countess Marlik || [[James Whale]] || uncredited
|-
|''[[The Leopard Man]]'' || 1943 || Marta || [[Jacques Tourneur]] || uncredited
|-
|''[[The Seventh Victim]]'' || 1943 || Mrs. Bella Romari || [[Mark Robson (film director)|Mark Robson]] ||
|-
|''[[To Have and Have Not (film)|To Have and Have Not]]'' || 1944 || Cashier || [[Howard Hawks]] || uncredited
|-
|''[[The Conspirators (1944 film)|The Conspirators]]'' || 1944 || Older Woman || [[Jean Negulesco]] || uncredited
|-
|''[[The Gay Senorita]]'' || 1945 || Doña Maria Sandoval || Arthur Dreifuss<ref>For more about this film, see Gevinson (1997) p. 374</ref> ||
|-
|''[[Her Highness and the Bellboy]]'' || 1945 || Diplomat's Wife || [[Richard Thorpe]] || uncredited
|}

==Recordings==
{{listen|pos=left|filename=Massenet - Le Cid - Pleurez, pleurez, mes yeux.ogg|title="Pleurez, pleurez, mes yeux".|description=From ''[[Le Cid (opera)|Le Cid]]'' (1885); sung for [[Edison Records]]  in 1910.}}
{{Clear}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Du Maurier, Daphne (1935), ''Gerald: A Portrait'', Doubleday, Doran & Company.
* Gevinson, Alan (1997) [https://books.google.com/books?id=bsoUXGZSxZcC&dq=Marguerita+Sylva&pg=PA374 ''Within Our Gates: Ethnicity in American Feature Films, 1911-1960''], University of California Press. {{ISBN|0-520-20964-8}} 
* Hamilton, Frank (2007) [https://web.archive.org/web/20110419100719/http://www.frankhamilton.org/ph/ph0.pdf Opera in Philadelphia: Performance Chronology 1900 - 1924] 
* Holdridge, Lawrence F. (2000) [https://web.archive.org/web/20100810162745/http://www.marstonrecords.com/trials/trials_tracks.htm Track Listing and Notes], ''The Edison Trials: Voice Audition Cylinders of 1912-1913'', Marston Records.
* Howes, Durward (1935) ''American women: The Official Who's who Among the Women of the Nation'', Richard Blank Publishing Company.
* Lecointe, Thierry (2004) [http://1895.revues.org/document290.html#ftn58 "Les premières années du spectacle cinématographique à Nîmes – 1895-1913"], ''1895: Revue de l’Association française de recherche sur l’histoire du cinéma'', n°43.
* ''Los Angeles Times'', "Engaged: Du Maurier's Son to Marry Miss Marguerite Sylva", 26 Nov 1896
* ''Los Angeles Times'', "Teachers Will Fete Former Opera Star", 31 May 1956
* ''New York Times'', [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C03E3DA113DEE32A25753C1A96E9C946397D6CF "Bustle and Stir of the Theatrical World"], 10 August 1902, p.&nbsp;10
* ''New York Times'', [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1909/08/23/101892622.pdf "Marguerite Sylva A New Carmen Here"], 23 August 1909, p.&nbsp;7.
* ''New York Times'', [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E07E4DE1438E033A25751C0A96F9C946897D6CF "Carmen at the Manhattan: Mme. Marguerite Sylva Wins Success as the Heroine"], 2 September 1909, p.&nbsp;9.
* ''New York Times'', [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1912/02/04/100515430.pdf "Marguerite Sylva Divorced"], 4 February 1912, p.&nbsp;15
* ''New York Times'', [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C0CE3DE133CE633A2575BC0A9669D946396D6CF "Shares Caruso's Honors: Marguerite Sylva Obtains Triumph in Title Role of "Carmen" in Berlin"], 8 October 1912, p.&nbsp;4
* ''New York Times'', [https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0D1FFE3954167A93C0A9178ED85F4D8285F9 "Opera Star Asks Divorce: Marguerita Sylva Files Suit Against B.L. Smith in Miami"], 2 May 1929, p.&nbsp;4
* Pearson, Hesketh (1956), ''Beerbohm Tree: His Life and Laughter'', Methuen.
* Shaman, William ''et al.'' (1999) [https://books.google.com/books?id=En3QYRnApqMC&pg=PA285 ''More EJS: Discography of the Edward J. Smith Recordings''] ("Unique Opera Records Corporation" (1972–1977), "A.N.N.A. Record Company" (1978–1982), "special-label" Issues (circa 1954-1981), and Addendum to "The Golden Age of Opera" Series), Greenwood Publishing Group, p.&nbsp;285 and ''passim''. {{ISBN|0-313-29835-1}}
* Stoullig, Edmond (1907) ''[[Les Annales du théâtre et de la musique]]'', Paris: P. Ollendorff, pp.&nbsp;212–213
* Swed, Mark, [http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/arts/la-et-carmen15-2008jul15,0,7470099.story "'Carmen' at the Hollywood Bowl"], ''Los Angeles Times'', 15 July 2008
* ''Van Nuys News'', Obituary: Edith Sarah Jane Sinkins, 4 February 1952.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Marguerite Sylva}}
* Internet Broadway Database, [http://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=68855 Marguerita Sylva]
* IMDb, [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0843158/ Marguerita Sylva]
* [http://digital.library.louisville.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/macauley&CISOPTR=1112&CISOBOX=1&REC=13 Marguerite Sylva] portrait Univ of Louisville Macauley's Theatre collection
* [https://archive.org/details/MargueriteSylva-01-05 Marguerite Sylva] selected recordings at InternetArchive.com(downloadable acoustic format)
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=maczcdroKFA Marguerite Sylva], recordings with Carl Hayden, Arthur Albro
* [http://worthpoint.com/worthopedia/november-1911-theatre-magazine-color-2018960804 The Theatre], November 1911, cover, Marguerite Sylva(archived)

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sylva, Marguerite}}
[[Category:1875 births]]
[[Category:1957 deaths]]
[[Category:Belgian women singers]]
[[Category:Belgian musical theatre actresses]]
[[Category:Belgian opera singers]]
[[Category:Operatic mezzo-sopranos]]
[[Category:Musicians from Brussels]]
[[Category:20th-century Belgian actresses]]
[[Category:19th-century Belgian actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Brussels]]